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(523692) 2014 EZ₅₁
Discovery
2014 EZ₅₁ imaged by the Dark Energy Survey in March 2017
Discovered by	Pan-STARRS 1
Discovery site	Haleakala Obs.
Discovery date	18 April 2010
Designations
MPC designation	(523692) 2014 EZ₅₁
Minor planet category	TNO · SDO · distant
Orbital characteristics
Epoch 17 December 2020 (JD 2459200.5)
Uncertainty parameter 3 · 4
Observation arc	10.16 yr (3,710 d)
Aphelion	64.420 AU
Perihelion	40.376 AU
Semi-major axis	52.398 AU
Eccentricity	0.2294
Orbital period (sidereal)	379.29 yr (138,537 d)
Mean anomaly	269.18°
Mean motion	0° 0 9.36 / day
Inclination	10.281°
Longitude of ascending node	27.612°
Argument of perihelion	330.11°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter	>575 km (occultation) 626 km (calculated) 770 km (calculated)
Synodic rotation period	3.200±0.002 h
Geometric albedo	0.09 (assumed) 0.11 (assumed)
Absolute magnitude (H)	3.92

(523692) 2014 EZ₅₁ (provisional designation 2014 EZ₅₁) is a large trans-Neptunian object in the scattered disc, approximately 700 kilometres (430 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 18 April 2010, by the Pan-STARRS 1 survey at Haleakala Observatory, Hawaii, United States.

Orbit and classification

2014 EZ₅₁ orbits the Sun at a distance of 40.4–64.4 AU once every 379 years and 3 months (138,537 days; semi-major axis of 52.4 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.23 and an inclination of 10° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Haleakala in April 2010.

Numbering and naming

This minor planet was numbered by the Minor Planet Center on 25 September 2018 (M.P.C. 111779). As of February 2023, it has not been named.

Physical characteristics

According to Michael Brown and the Johnston's archive, 2014 EZ₅₁ measures 626 and 770 kilometers in diameter, based on an absolute magnitude of 4.2 and 3.8, with an assumed albedo of 0.10 and 0.09, respectively. The MPC/JPL databases give an absolute magnitude of 3.92. On 25 February 2019, a stellar occultation by 2014 EZ₅₁ was observed in New Zealand. From these observations, a lower limit of 575 km was placed on its mean diameter.

In 2023, a study on photometric observations of trans-Neptunian objects by the Kepler space telescope found that 2014 EZ₅₁ rotates with a period of 3.2 hours and exhibits a light curve amplitude of 0.145±0.026 magnitudes, which indicates its shape must be elongated.

References

^ "523692 (2014 EZ51)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
^ "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 523692 (2014 EZ51)" (2020-06-14 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
^ "List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects". Johnston's Archive. 22 July 2017. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
"List Of Centaurs and Scattered-Disk Objects". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
^ Loader, B.; Hanna, W. (25 February 2019). "(523692) 2014 EZ51, 2019 February 25 occultation". occultations.org.nz. Retrieved 5 January 2020.
^ Brown, Michael E. "How many dwarf planets are there in the outer solar system? – "2014EZ51"". California Institute of Technology. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
^ Kecskeméthy, Viktória; Kiss, Csaba; Szakáts, Róbert; Pál, András; Szabó, Gyula M.; Molnár, László; et al. (January 2023). "Light Curves of Trans-Neptunian Objects from the K2 Mission of the Kepler Space Telescope". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 264 (1): 20. arXiv:2210.06571. Bibcode:2023ApJS..264...18K. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ac9c67. S2CID 119343798. 18.
"MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 9 October 2018.

External links

Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (520001)-(525000) – Minor Planet Center
(523692) 2014 EZ51 at AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
- Ephemeris · Observation prediction · Orbital info · Proper elements · Observational info
(523692) 2014 EZ51 at the JPL Small-Body Database
- Close approach · Discovery · Ephemeris · Orbit viewer · Orbit parameters · Physical parameters

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Candidate

Asteroids	Hygiea Interamnia
Centaurs	Chariklo Chiron Pholus 1999 OX₃ 2013 TC₁₄₆ 2014 NW₆₅
Plutinos	Huya Ixion 2001 QF₂₉₈ 2002 VR₁₂₈ 2002 XV₉₃ 2003 AZ₈₄ 2003 UZ₄₁₃ 2003 VS₂ 2007 JH₄₃ 2017 OF69
Twotinos	2002 WC₁₉
Cubewanos	Salacia Varda Varuna 1998 SN₁₆₅ 2002 AW₁₉₇ 2002 CY248 2002 KX₁₄ 2002 MS₄ 2002 UX₂₅ 2003 QW₉₀ 2004 GV₉ 2004 NT₃₃ 2004 PF₁₁₅ 2004 TY₃₆₄ 2004 UX₁₀ 2005 RN₄₃ 2005 UQ₅₁₃ 2010 FX86
Other KBOs	1999 CD₁₅₈ 1999 DE₉ 2000 YW₁₃₄ 2002 XW₉₃ 2010 JO₁₇₉ 2010 VK₂₀₁ 2011 FW62 2011 GM₂₇ 2013 FZ₂₇ 2014 UM₃₃ 2015 AM₂₈₁ 2015 RR₂₄₅
Scattered disc objects	Gǃkúnǁʼhòmdímà Dziewanna 1996 GQ₂₁ 1996 TL₆₆ 2001 UR₁₆₃ 2002 TC₃₀₂ 2004 XA₁₉₂ 2005 QU₁₈₂ 2005 RM₄₃ 2006 QH181 2008 OG₁₉ 2010 KZ39 2010 RE₆₄ 2010 RF₄₃ 2010 JO179 2010 TJ 2010 VZ₉₈ 2013 FY₂₇ 2014 AN₅₅ 2014 EZ₅₁ 2014 UZ224 2014 WK₅₀₉ 2015 KH162 2015 RR245 2017 FO161 2018 AG37 2018 VG18 2021 DR15 2021 LL37
Detached objects	2003 FY₁₂₈ 2003 QX₁₁₃ 2004 XR₁₉₀ 2005 TB₁₉₀ 2007 JJ₄₃ 2008 ST₂₉₁
Sednoids	2012 VP113

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(523692) 2014 EZ₅₁

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