Misplaced Pages

Arginine catabolic mobile element

Article snapshot taken from[REDACTED] with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.

The arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME) is a mobile genetic element of Staphylococcus bacterial species. This genetic element provides for several immune modulating functions, including resistance to polyamines which serve as a non-specific immune response both on intact skin and following the inflammatory response in wound healing. Diverse ACME are present in several species of Staphylococcus, including Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Association with virulent MRSA

ACME are not common among antibiotic sensitive S. aureus (MSSA). The elements for the most prominent MRSA ACME appear to have assembled recently in S. epidermidis into the speG-positive ACME which was transferred to virulent S. aureus during the evolution of the epidemic USA300 MRSA strain. This broadened the ability of S. aureus to colonize sites beyond the nose. This strain is able to persist on intact skin and is spread rapidly person-to-person. As a result, the speG-positive ACME is a particularly important element of MRSA pathogenesis.

See also

References

  1. Otto, Michael (August 2013). "Community-associated MRSA: What makes them special?". International Journal of Medical Microbiology. 303 (6–7): 324–330. doi:10.1016/j.ijmm.2013.02.007. PMC 3729626. PMID 23517691.
  2. Joshi, Gauri S.; Spontak, Jeffrey S.; Klapper, David G.; Richardson, Anthony R. (October 2011). "Arginine catabolic mobile element encoded speG abrogates the unique hypersensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus to exogenous polyamines". Molecular Microbiology. 82 (1): 9–20. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07809.x. PMC 3183340. PMID 21902734.
  3. Barbier, F.; Lebeaux, D.; Hernandez, D.; Delannoy, A.-S.; Caro, V.; Francois, P.; Schrenzel, J.; Ruppe, E.; Gaillard, K.; Wolff, M.; Brisse, S.; Andremont, A.; Ruimy, R. (9 November 2010). "High prevalence of the arginine catabolic mobile element in carriage isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis". Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 66 (1): 29–36. doi:10.1093/jac/dkq410. PMID 21062794.
  4. Miragaia, Maria; de Lencastre, Herminia; Perdreau-Remington, Francoise; Chambers, Henry F.; Higashi, Julie; Sullam, Paul M.; Lin, Jessica; Wong, Kester I.; King, Katherine A.; Otto, Michael; Sensabaugh, George F.; Diep, Binh An; DeLeo, Frank R. (6 November 2009). "Genetic Diversity of Arginine Catabolic Mobile Element in Staphylococcus epidermidis". PLOS ONE. 4 (11): e7722. Bibcode:2009PLoSO...4.7722M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0007722. PMC 2768820. PMID 19893740.
  5. Goering, R. V.; McDougal, L. K.; Fosheim, G. E.; Bonnstetter, K. K.; Wolter, D. J.; Tenover, F. C. (4 April 2007). "Epidemiologic Distribution of the Arginine Catabolic Mobile Element among Selected Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Isolates". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 45 (6): 1981–1984. doi:10.1128/JCM.00273-07. PMC 1933090. PMID 17409207.
  6. Planet, P. J.; LaRussa, S. J.; Dana, A.; Smith, H.; Xu, A.; Ryan, C.; Uhlemann, A.-C.; Boundy, S.; Goldberg, J.; Narechania, A.; Kulkarni, R.; Ratner, A. J.; Geoghegan, J. A.; Kolokotronis, S.-O.; Prince, A. (17 December 2013). "Emergence of the Epidemic Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strain USA300 Coincides with Horizontal Transfer of the Arginine Catabolic Mobile Element and speG-mediated Adaptations for Survival on Skin". mBio. 4 (6): e00889-13–e00889-13. doi:10.1128/mBio.00889-13. PMC 3870260. PMID 24345744.
  7. Diep, Binh An; Stone, Gregory G.; Basuino, Li; Graber, Christopher J.; Miller, Alita; Etages, Shelley-Ann des; Jones, Alison; Palazzolo-Ballance, Amy M.; Perdreau-Remington, Françoise; Sensabaugh, George F.; DeLeo, Frank R.; Chambers, Henry F. (June 2008). "The Arginine Catabolic Mobile Element and Staphylococcal Chromosomal Cassette Linkage: Convergence of Virulence and Resistance in the USA300 Clone of Methicillin-Resistant". The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 197 (11): 1523–1530. doi:10.1086/587907. PMID 18700257.
  8. Yan, Miling; Pamp, Sünje J.; Fukuyama, Julia; Hwang, Peter H.; Cho, Do-Yeon; Holmes, Susan; Relman, David A. (December 2013). "Nasal Microenvironments and Interspecific Interactions Influence Nasal Microbiota Complexity and S. aureus Carriage". Cell Host & Microbe. 14 (6): 631–640. doi:10.1016/j.chom.2013.11.005. PMC 3902146. PMID 24331461.


Stub icon

This genetics article is a stub. You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it.

Categories:
Arginine catabolic mobile element Add topic