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Aulacus

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Genus of wasps

Aulacus
Aulacus sp.
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hymenoptera
Family: Aulacidae
Genus: Aulacus
Jurine, 1807
Synonyms
  • Aulacinus Westwood, 1868
  • Disaulacinus Kieffer, 1910
  • Disphaeron Dahlbom, 1837
  • Micraulacinus Kieffer, 1910
  • Neuraulacinus Kieffer, 1910
  • Pammegischia Provancher, 1882
  • Parafoenus Kieffer, 1910
  • Pycnaulacus Cushman, 1929

Aulacus is a genus of aulacids, ensigns, and gasteruptiids in the family Aulacidae. There are 77 species of Aulacus.

Taxonomy and phylogeny

This genus was originally described in 1807 by Louis Jurine. It is currently one of two extant genera within the family Aulacidae along with its sister genus, Pristaulacus.

As presently defined, the genus Aulacus has been noted by Turrisi et al. in 2009 as not representing a monophyletic group, instead being a paraphyletic assemblage of species with respect to Pristaulacus. Their research also concluded the need for further studies to split the genus into several monophyletic genera.

Description and identification

Aulacus are generally small auladic wasps. The head lacks an occipital carina, and the tarsal claws are simple. The forewing has vein 2r-m present in contrast to the genus Pristaulacus, which lacks this vein.

Distribution

The genus Aulacus has a nearly worldwide distribution apart from the Afrotropics and Antarctica.

Behavior

While little is known about the biology of the genus as a whole, many species are known to be koinobiont parasitoids of beetles or wood wasps.

Species

The following are 72 of the described species belong to the genus Aulacus:

Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net, z = Revision of Chinese Aulacidae, j = Revisional Study of Japan, r = Aulacidae in the Russian Far East

Nomina nuda

There are additionally 4 species names that are considered nomina nuda in Smith's catalog of species.

References

  1. ^ Smith, David R. (2001). "World catalog of the family Aulacidae (Hymenoptera)". Contributions on Entomology, International. 4 (3): 261–320. ISSN 1084-0745.
  2. Poole, R.W. & P. Gentili, 1996. Hymenoptera, Mecoptera, Megaloptera, Neuroptera, Raphidioptera, Trichoptera. Nomina Insecta Nearctica: A Check List of the Insects of North America. Vol 2. ISBN 1-889002-02-X
  3. Añino Ramos, Yostin Jesús (2018). Sistemática y taxonomía de avispas Aulacidae, Gasteruptiidae y Stephanidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera) de Panamá (Thesis). University of Panama. pp. 1–48. doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.15482.39365. Retrieved 2022-01-16.
  4. ^ Chen, Hua-yan; Turrisi, Giuseppe Fabrizio; Xu, Zai-fu (2016). "A revision of the Chinese Aulacidae (Hymenoptera, Evanioidea)". ZooKeys (587): 77–124. doi:10.3897/zookeys.587.7207. PMC 4926709. PMID 27408528.
  5. Jurine, Louis (1807). Nouvelle Méthode de Classer les Hyménoptères et les Diptères. Hyménoptères. Tome Premier. Genève: J. J. Paschoud. pp. 319 pp. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.60886.
  6. ^ Kuroda, Keita; Konishi, Kazuhiko; Turrisi, Giuseppe Fabrizio; Yamasako, Junsuke (2020). "A revisional study of the genus Aulacus Jurine (Hymenoptera: Aulacidae) of Japan". Zootaxa. 4830 (1): 161–185. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4830.1.7. PMID 33056256. S2CID 222835969.
  7. Turrisi, G.F.; Jennings, J.T; Vilhelmsen, L. (2009). "Phylogeny and generic concepts in the parasitoid wasp family Aulacidae (Hymenoptera: Evanioidea)". Invertebrate Systematics. 23 (1): 27–59. doi:10.1071/IS08031.
  8. Smith, David R. (1996). "Aulacidae (Hymenoptera) in the mid-Atlantic states, with a key to species of eastern North America". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 98 (2): 274–291. Retrieved 2022-01-16.
  9. Smith, David R. (2008). "Aulacidae of the southwestern United States, Mexico, and Central America". Beiträge zur Entomologie. 58 (2): 267–355. doi:10.21248/contrib.entomol.58.2.267-355. Retrieved 2022-01-16.
  10. "Aulacus Report". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2018-05-03.
  11. "Catalogue of Life". Retrieved 2018-05-03.
  12. "Aulacus". GBIF. Retrieved 2018-05-03.
  13. "Aulacus Genus Information". BugGuide.net. Retrieved 2018-05-03.
  14. Sundukov, Yu N; Lelej, A.S. (2015). "Review of the family Aulacidae (Hymenoptera: Evanioidea) in the Russian Far East". Euroasian Entomological Journal. 14 (2): 107–118. Retrieved 2022-01-16.

External links

Taxon identifiers
Aulacus
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