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DCL3

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"Ribonucleases", "Gene silencing", "non-coding RNAs", "Plant proteins", "Protein stubs"
Endoribonuclease Dicer homolog 3
Cartoon representation of Arabidopsis DCL3 (red) in complex with 41nt TAS1a reverse strand (blue), based on atomic coordinates of PDB 7VG2 (Wang Q. et al 2021), rendered with open software Mol Star.
Identifiers
OrganismArabidopsis thaliana
SymbolDCL3
Alt. symbolsAT3G43920
UniProtQ9LXW7
Search for
StructuresSwiss-model
DomainsInterPro

DCL3 (an abbreviation of Dicer-like 3) is a gene in plants that codes for the DCL3 protein, a ribonuclease III enzyme involved in plants specific pathway RNA-directed DNA methylation. Where DCL3 cleaves endogenous double-stranded RNAs into 24 nucleotide small interfering RNAs. The main difference to other DCLs is the dsRNA source, which precursor for DCL3 is generally transcribed in heterochromatic regions by the RNA polymerase complex, RNA polymerase IV, producing single-stranded RNA roughly of 30 to 45 nucleotides in length, which are converted into dsRNA by RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 2. Once cleaved by DCL3, the 24-nt siRNA strand is loaded into AGO4, which interacts with Pol V–transcribed long noncoding RNAs and recruits domains-rearranged methylase 2, facilitating DNA methylation.

References

  1. ^ Wang Q, Xue Y, Zhang L, Zhong Z, Feng S, Wang C, et al. (November 2021). "Mechanism of siRNA production by a plant Dicer-RNA complex in dicing-competent conformation". Science. 374 (6571): 1152–1157. Bibcode:2021Sci...374.1152W. doi:10.1126/science.abl4546. PMC 8682726. PMID 34648373.
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