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ENSA
Identifiers
Aliases	ENSA, ARPP-19e, endosulfine alpha
External IDs	OMIM: 603061; MGI: 1891189; HomoloGene: 37924; GeneCards: ENSA; OMA:ENSA - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human) Band 1q21.3 Start 150,600,851 bp End 150,629,612 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 3 (mouse) Band 3|3 F2.1 Start 95,532,304 bp End 95,539,413 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in frontal pole prefrontal cortex skin of abdomen gingival epithelium Brodmann area 10 right frontal lobe human penis skin of leg vulva tendon of biceps brachii Top expressed in dentate gyrus of hippocampal formation granule cell superior frontal gyrus neural layer of retina prefrontal cortex temporal muscle vastus lateralis muscle triceps brachii muscle supraoptic nucleus digastric muscle sternocleidomastoid muscle More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function protein phosphatase 2A binding potassium channel inhibitor activity signaling receptor binding protein binding ion channel inhibitor activity phosphatase inhibitor activity protein phosphatase inhibitor activity protein phosphatase regulator activity Cellular component nucleoplasm cytoplasm Biological process cell division cell cycle G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle response to glucose response to nutrient regulation of insulin secretion negative regulation of catalytic activity negative regulation of protein dephosphorylation mitotic cell cycle negative regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 2029 56205 Ensembl ENSG00000143420 ENSMUSG00000038619 UniProt O43768 P60840 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_207168 NM_004436 NM_207042 NM_207043 NM_207044 NM_207045 NM_207046 NM_207047 NM_001026212 NM_019561 RefSeq (protein) NP_004427 NP_996925 NP_996926 NP_996927 NP_996928 NP_996929 NP_996930 NP_997051 NP_001021383 NP_062507 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 150.6 – 150.63 Mb Chr 3: 95.53 – 95.54 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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Alpha-endosulfine is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ENSA gene.

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to a highly conserved cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein (ARPP) family. This protein was identified as an endogenous ligand for the sulfonylurea receptor, ABCC8/SUR1. ABCC8 is the regulatory subunit of the ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel, which is located on the plasma membrane of pancreatic beta cells and plays a key role in the control of insulin release from pancreatic beta cells. This protein is thought to be an endogenous regulator of KATP channels. In vitro studies have demonstrated that this protein modulates insulin secretion through the interaction with KATP channel, and this gene has been proposed as a candidate gene for type 2 diabetes. At least eight alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been observed.

References

1. ^ GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000143420 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. ^ GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000038619 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Heron L, Virsolvy A, Peyrollier K, Gribble FM, Le Cam A, Ashcroft FM, Bataille D (Aug 1998). "Human α-endosulfine, a possible regulator of sulfonylurea-sensitive KATP channel: Molecular cloning, expression and biological properties". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 95 (14): 8387–91. Bibcode:1998PNAS...95.8387H. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.14.8387. PMC 20985. PMID 9653196.
6. ^ "Entrez Gene: ENSA endosulfine alpha".

Further reading

• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1997). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548.
• Héron L, Virsolvy A, Apiou F, Le Cam A, Bataille D (1999). "Isolation, characterization, and chromosomal localization of the human ENSA gene that encodes alpha-endosulfine, a regulator of beta-cell K(ATP) channels". Diabetes. 48 (9): 1873–6. doi:10.2337/diabetes.48.9.1873. PMID 10480622.
• Zhang QH, Ye M, Wu XY, Ren SX, Zhao M, Zhao CJ, Fu G, Shen Y, Fan HY (2001). "Cloning and Functional Analysis of cDNAs with Open Reading Frames for 300 Previously Undefined Genes Expressed in CD34+ Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells". Genome Res. 10 (10): 1546–60. doi:10.1101/gr.140200. PMC 310934. PMID 11042152.
• Kim SH, Lubec G (2002). "Decreased alpha-endosulfine, an endogenous regulator of ATP-sensitive potassium channels, in brains from adult Down syndrome patients". Protein Expression in Down Syndrome Brain. pp. 1–9. doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-6262-0_1. ISBN 978-3-211-83704-7. PMID 11771735. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, Derge JG, Klausner RD, Collins FS, Wagner L, Shenmen CM, Schuler GD (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Bataille D (2003). "Endosulfines: Novel regulators of insulin secretion". Drug News Perspect. 13 (8): 453–62. PMID 12937617.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, Otsuki T, Sugiyama T, Irie R, Wakamatsu A, Hayashi K, Sato H (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Wang H, Craig RL, Schay J, Chu W, Das SK, Zhang Z, Elbein SC (2004). "Alpha-endosulfine, a positional and functional candidate gene for type 2 diabetes: molecular screening, association studies, and role in reduced insulin secretion". Mol. Genet. Metab. 81 (1): 9–15. doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2003.08.003. PMID 14728986.
• Thameem F, Farook VS, Yang X, Lee YH, Permana PA, Bogardus C, Prochazka M (2004). "The transcribed endosulfine alpha gene is located within a type 2 diabetes-linked region on 1q: sequence and expression analysis in Pima Indians". Mol. Genet. Metab. 81 (1): 16–21. doi:10.1016/j.ymgme.2003.09.013. PMID 14728987.
• Gabrielsson BG, Karlsson AC, Lönn M, Olofsson LE, Johansson JM, Torgerson JS, Sjöström L, Carlsson B, Edén S (2004). "Molecular characterization of a local sulfonylurea system in human adipose tissue". Mol. Cell. Biochem. 258 (1–2): 65–71. doi:10.1023/B:MCBI.0000012837.11847.c8. PMID 15030171. S2CID 22988098.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, Shenmen CM, Grouse LH, Schuler G, Klein SL, Old S, Rasooly R (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, Macek B, Kumar C, Mortensen P, Mann M (2006). "Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks". Cell. 127 (3): 635–48. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026. PMID 17081983. S2CID 7827573.
• Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, Li H, Taylor P, Climie S, McBroom-Cerajewski L, Robinson MD, O'Connor L (2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein–protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Mol. Syst. Biol. 3 (1): 89. doi:10.1038/msb4100134. PMC 1847948. PMID 17353931.

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