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Geng Bingwen

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Geng Bingwen (Chinese: 耿炳文; pinyin: Gěng Bǐngwén; 1334–1403), a native of Hao Prefecture (present-day Fengyang, Anhui) was a Ming dynasty general. He participated in the Jingnan Campaign on the side of the Jianwen Emperor. After the Prince of Yan Zhu Di ascended the throne, he committed suicide.

References

  1. History of Ming, Volume 30: “耿炳文,濠人。父君用,從太祖渡江,積功為管軍總管。援宜興,與張士誠兵爭柵,力戰死。炳文襲職,領其軍。取廣德,進攻長興,敗士誠將趙打虎,獲戰船三百余艘,擒其守將李福安等,遂克長興。長興據太湖口,陸通廣德,與宣、歙接壤,為江、浙門戶。太祖既得其地,大喜,改為長安州,立永興翼元帥府,以炳文為總兵都元帥,守之。溫祥卿者,多智數。避亂來歸,炳文引入幕府,畫守御計甚悉。”
  2. History of Ming, Volume 130: “始,炳文守長興,功最高,太祖榜列功臣,以炳文附大將軍達為一等。及洪武末年,諸公、侯且盡,存者惟炳文及武定侯郭英二人;而炳文以元功宿將,為朝廷所倚重。建文元年,燕王兵起。帝命炳文為大將軍,帥副將軍李堅、寧忠北伐,時年六十有五矣。兵號三十萬,至者惟十三萬。八月次真定,分營滹沱河南北。都督徐凱軍河間,潘忠、楊松駐鄚州,先鋒九千人駐雄縣。值中秋,不設備,為燕王所襲,九千人皆死。忠等來援,過月漾橋,伏發水中。忠、松俱被執,不屈死。鄚州陷。而炳文部將張保者降燕,備告南軍虛實。燕王縱保歸,使張雄、鄚敗狀,謂:「北軍且至。」於是炳文移軍盡渡河,並力當敵。軍甫移,燕兵驟至,循城蹴擊。炳文軍不得成列,敗入城。爭門,門塞,蹈藉死者不可數計。燕兵遂圍城。炳文眾尚十萬,堅守不出。燕王知炳文老將,未易下,越三日,解圍還。而帝驟聞炳文敗,憂甚。太常卿黃子澄遂薦李景隆為大將軍,乘傳代炳文。比至軍,燕師已先一日去。炳文歸,景隆代將,竟至於敗。”
  3. History of Ming, Volume 130: “燕王稱帝之明年,玉帶用紅鞓,僭妄不道。炳文懼,自殺。”
  4. History of Ming, Volume 130: “子璿,前軍都督僉事。尚懿文太子長女江都公主。炳文北伐,璿嘗勸直搗北平。炳文受代歸,不復用,璿憤甚。永樂初,杜門稱疾,坐罪死。”
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