| Habei | |
|---|---|
| Native to | China |
| Region | Yunnan |
| Ethnicity | Hani |
| Language family | Sino-Tibetan |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | None (mis) |
| Glottolog | None |
Habei (Chinese: 哈备; also known as Mani 玛尼) is a Southern Loloish language of Yunnan, China. Hsiu (2018) suggests that Habei belongs to the Bisoid branch.
Background
Habei is spoken in only one village, namely Habei village 哈备村, Zhemi Township 者米乡, Jinping Miao, Yao, and Dai Autonomous County, Yunnan (Jinping County Ethnic Gazetteer 2013:89, 101). The Habei people refer to their village as Kuang An (况安), meaning 'old village' (< kuang 'village' + an 'old').
The Habei still preserve traditional animist rituals.
The Habei language has been documented by Yan (1995) and He & Liu (2011).
Names
Autonyms and exonyms for the Habei are as follows (Yan 1995:60).
- autonym: ma³³nɛ³³ (蛮尼)
- Yao exonym: ta⁵⁵ka³³ (单嘎)
- Lahu exonym: xa⁴²pe⁵⁵ (哈背)
- Miao exonym: xa³³pe⁵³ (哈备)
- Zhuang exonym: je³³u⁵⁵ (牙乌)
- Hani exonym: xa³³pi⁵⁵, xa³³bø⁵⁵ (哈备)
Phonology
Habei has 32 onsets and 62 rimes (Yan 1995:67). The consonant inventory is similar to that of standard Hani of Lüchun County, but also has /f/ and /v/, which Lüchun Hani does not have. Final consonants are -p, -t, -k, -m, -n, and -ŋ.
There are 6 tones. In songs, only 4 tones are recognizable (Yan 1995:67).
Phrase examples
The following Habei phrase examples are from Yan (1995:69-70). Adjectives follow head nouns.
tɕen
bowl
ɲi
two
lum
CL
tɕen55 ɲi323 lum24
bowl two CL
Two bowls
ɣa
chicken
sum
three
na
CL
ɣa33 sum55 na55
chicken three CL
Three chickens
kʰɤ tɕʰɔ
shoe
ŋa
five
tɕuŋ
pair
{kʰɤ tɕʰɔ33} ŋa24 tɕuŋ55
shoe five pair
Five pairs of shoes
na
2SG
ŋɤ
POS
tɕʰɛma
hoe
na33 ŋɤ33 tɕʰɛ323ma33
2SG POS hoe
Your hoe
jatɕʰa
friend
ŋɤ
POS
axɤn
sound
ja33tɕʰa323 ŋɤ33 a33xɤn33
friend POS sound
Friend's voice
Sentence examples
The following Habei sentence examples are from Yan (1995:68-69). Habei has SOV word order.
ŋa
1SG
xaŋ
rice
iaŋ
eat
ŋa33 xaŋ24 iaŋ24
1SG rice eat
I eat rice.
na
2SG
tikʰa
liquor
taŋ
drink
na33 ti33kʰa55 taŋ55
2SG liquor drink
You drink liquor.
ŋa
1SG
japjɔ
children
sum
three
jo
CL
tɕa
have
ŋa33 ja33pjɔ55 sum55 jo33 tɕa55
1SG children three CL have
I have three children.
na
2SG
jɔka
household
tɕʰa
people
xalo
how.many
lo
CL
tɕa
have
na33 jɔ55ka55 tɕʰa55 xa33lo323 lo33 tɕa55
2SG household people how.many CL have
How many people does your household have?
ja
3SG
la
come
a
NEG
la
come
ja33 la55 a323 la55
3SG come NEG come
Is he coming?
ve
pig
le
and
ɣa
chicken
lɔ
both
dʑɛzaa
livestock
bɤ
PRT
ve323 le33 ɣa33 lɔ323 dʑɛ323za323a55 bɤ33
pig and chicken both livestock PRT
Pigs and chickens are both domestic livestock.
References
- ^ 哈备村玛尼人传统思维方式探析
- Hsiu, Andrew. 2018. Classifications of some lesser-known Lolo-Burmese languages.
- "金平苗族瑶族傣族自治县者米拉祜族乡顶青村委会哈备村". Archived from the original on 2018-06-12. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
- 金平苗族瑶族傣族自治县民族志1979-2010. 金平苗族瑶族傣族自治県民族宗教事務局編. 雲南民族出版社. 2013年8月. ISBN 9787536757028
- Dao Jie . 2012. 哈备村:哈尼文化兼收并蓄的缩影. In Ethnic Today , 2012(9) Archived 2017-12-12 at the Wayback Machine.
- He Shaoming 何绍明; Liu Jieting 刘洁婷. 2011. 国际哈尼/阿卡区域文化调查: 中国金平县者米哈尼族哈备人文化实录. Kunming: Yunnan People's Press 云南人民出版社. ISBN 978-7-222-07408-8
- Yan Hongxin . 1995. "Jinpingxian Hanizu Habeiren qingkuang diaocha" . In Jinping shaoshu minzu de lishi he wenhua , p.59-72. Kunming: Yunnan Ethnic Publishing House .
- You Weiqiong . 2013. Classifying ethnic groups of Yunnan . Beijing: Nationalities Press .
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