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Human maximisation test

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The Human maximisation test (HMT) is a test method for testing for contact allergens. It was first developed by Albert Kligman in 1966 and updated by Kligman and William Epstein in 1975. The first paper appeared 1966 and was a citation classic in 1985.

The test uses human medical volunteers (usually 25) and sodium laureth sulphate to maximise. Because of the potentially large human reaction, it is generally not considered ethical to use today. It does not have a guideline under the OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals. It has been compared with the murine local lymph node assay

See also

References

  1. The Identification of Contact Allergens by Human Assay III. The Maximization Test: A Procedure for Screening and Rating Contact Sensitizers http://www.nature.com/jid/journal/v47/n5/abs/jid1966160a.html Archived 2024-07-07 at the Wayback Machine
  2. Kligman, A. M.; Epstein, W. (1975). "Updating the maximization test for identifying contact allergens". Contact Dermatitis. 1 (4): 231–239. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1975.tb05389.x. PMID 1235254. S2CID 35702783.
  3. Kligman, A. M. (1966). "The identification of contact allergens by human assay. III. The maximization test: a procedure for screening and rating contact sensitizers". J. Invest. Dermatol. 47 (5): 393–409. doi:10.1038/jid.1966.160. PMID 5924294.
  4. "This Week's Citation Classic" (PDF). December 2, 1985. p. 18. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 March 2024. Retrieved 5 July 2024.
  5. "Opinion concerning the predictive testing of potentially cutaneous sensiting cosmetic ingredients or mixtures of ingredients adopted by the SCCNFP during the 11th plenary session of 17 February 2000 | Scientific Committees". Archived from the original on 7 July 2024. Retrieved 21 September 2012.
  6. Basketter, D.A.; Scholes, E.W.; Kimber, I. (1994). "The performance of the local lymph node assay with chemicals identified as contact allergens in the human maximization test". Food and Chemical Toxicology. 32 (6). Elsevier BV: 543–547. doi:10.1016/0278-6915(94)90112-0. ISSN 0278-6915.
  7. Zaghi, D; Maibach, HI (2009). "The local lymph node assay compared with the human maximization test as an indicator of allergic potency in humans using patch test clinic populations". Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 28 (2): 61–4. doi:10.1080/15569520902793627. PMID 19514928. S2CID 35683477.
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