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Junjiahua, Junhua, Junsheng, or "military speech" in English, is any of a number of isolated dialects in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Fujian, and Taiwan. Some believe that they are a Mandarin dialect group that assimilated to local Chinese variants in southern China. Junhua began as a lingua franca in the army, being spoken between soldiers dispatched to various parts of China during the Ming dynasty. It was subsequently spread to areas around the camps where the army settled. It is now an endangered language. In Hainan, it is still spoken by about 100,000 people. These speakers mainly live in Sanya (in Yacheng 崖城 and other locations), Changjiang Li Autonomous County, Danzhou, Dongfang, and Lingao.

Some also consider the Dapenghua spoken in Dapeng Peninsula of Shenzhen to be a form of Junjiahua.

References

1. "Tái Yuè liǎng de jūnhuà de diàochá yánjiū" 台粵兩地軍話的調查研究 [An Investigation of Military Vernaculars in Taiwan and Guangdong] (PDF) (in Chinese). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-12-14.
2. Qiu, Xueqiang 丘學強. 2005. Junhua yanjiu 軍話研究. Beijing: Chinese Social Sciences Academy Press 中國社會科學出版社.
3. Liu, Chuntao 劉春陶. 2021. Hainan Sanya Yacheng Junhua yuanliu yanjiu 海南三亞崖城軍話源流研究. Nankai University Press 南開大學出版社.

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List of varieties of Chinese

• Endangered languages of Asia
• Varieties of Chinese
• Languages of China
• Languages of Taiwan
• Military life
• Languages attested from the 2nd millennium
• Military history of the Ming dynasty