Lebègue is a French surname. People with this surname include the following:
- Nicolas Lebègue (1631–1702), French composer and organist
- Henri Lebègue (1856–1938), French palaeographer
- Ernest Lebègue [fr] (1862–1943), French historian, brother of the former
- Léon Lebègue [fr] (1863–1944), French lithographer
- Raymond Lebègue (1895–1984), son of Henri, 20th-century French literary historian.
- Alphonse-Nicolas Lebègue [fr] (1814–1885), publisher from Brussels
See also
- Victor-Amédée Lebesgue (1791–1875), French mathematician
- Henri Lebesgue (1875–1941), French mathematician
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