A lava tube, or pyroduct, is a natural conduit formed by flowing lava from a volcanic vent that moves beneath the hardened surface of a lava flow. If lava in the tube empties, it will leave a cave.
Africa
Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Unnamed cave along the Kakomeru climbing route of Mt. Nyamulagira
Ethiopia
- 70 m lava tube cave has been recorded southeast of Addis Ababa and a smaller example on K'one Volcano
Kenya
- Chyulu Hills – contains nearly 100 tubes
- Elmenteita Badlands north of Mt. Eburru – several small caves
- Leviathan Cave – At 12.5 kilometres, it is the longest lava tube in Africa.
- Emuruangogolak Volcano caves
- North Chyulu hills area – 20 caves are known
- Hells Teeth
- Kimakia Caves
- Mathioni
- Skull Caves
- Kimakia Cave
- Lake Tillam, near Korosi Volcano – several known lava tubes
- Mount Suswa – around 40 known caves totaling around 11 km
- Menengai Caldera – single vent-like cave
- Nyambeni Mountains near Maua – 2 known caves
Rwanda
- Musanze System – total 5.1 km
- Ubuvomo bwa Musanze – 4.56 km
- Ubuvomo bwa Nyrabadogo – 1.5 km
Tanzania
- Mount Kilimanjaro Mawenzi lava tube system (at least 5)
Uganda
- Garama Cave – Kigesi District, is 342 m long
Asia
China
- Wudalianchi National Park and Global Geopark
- Laoheishan volcano
- Fairy Palace Cave
- Waterfall Palace Cave
- East Jiaodebushan volcano
- Ice Cave
- Underground Ice River
- Laoheishan volcano
- Jingpo Hu National Park and Global Geopark
- Weihuting Cave
- Longyandongtian Cave (Dragon Rock Cave)
- Shenshui Cave (Driven Water Cave)
- Gubingdong Cave (Ancient Ice Cave)
- Jiemei Cave (Sisters Cave)
- Kanlianmiying Cave (Anti-J Allied Army Secret Camp)
- Leiqiong Global Geopark – More than 30 tubes
- Seventy Two Cave Lava Tunnel
Japan
Saudi Arabia
- Harrat Khaybar lava field – Umm Jirsan lava tube – 1.5 km long (Pint 2009)
South Korea
- Geomunoreum Lava Tube System
- Gimnyeonggul
- Manjanggul – more than 8 kilometers long, located in Jeju Island, is a popular tourism spot.
Europe
Iceland
- Búri (cave)
- Raufarhólshellir
- Surtshellir – For a long time, this was the longest known lava tube in the world.
- Víðgelmir
Italy
Portugal
Spain
North America
Canada
United States
- Ape Cave – Washington (state)
- Bandera Volcano Ice Cave – New Mexico
- Cheese Cave – Washington (state)
- Indian Tunnel lava tube (and more than 250 other examples) in Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve, Idaho
- Derrick Cave – Oregon
- El Malpais National Monument, in western New Mexico
- Hālona Blowhole
- Kaumana Cave – Hawaii
- Kazumura Cave, Hawaii – Not only the world's most extensive lava tube, but at 65.5 kilometres (40.7 mi), it has the greatest linear extent of any cave known.
- Kuna Caves – Idaho
- Lava Beds National Monument – California
- Newberry National Volcanic Monument – Oregon
- Arnold Lava Tube System
- Boyd Cave – Oregon
- Horse Lava Tube System
- Lava River Cave
- Lava Top Butte basalt
- Skeleton Cave
- Lava River Cave – Arizona
- Mammoth Cave – Utah
- Niter Ice Cave – Idaho
- Pluto's Cave – California
- Skylight Cave – Oregon
- Snow Canyon State Park - Utah
- Subway Cave Lava Tubes – Lassen National Forest, California
- Wilson Butte Cave – Idaho
Oceania
Australia
Galapagos
- Bellavista lava tunnel
New Zealand
- Auckland volcanic field Includes more than 50 lava tubes
Samoa
Extra Terrestrial
References
- "Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park – Lava Tubes". National Park Service. 28 April 2020. Retrieved 21 July 2020.
- ^ Jim W. Simons "Volcanic Caves of East Africa – An Overview " Int. J. Spelenl.. 27 B (1/4), (1998): 11–20
- Forti; Galli; Rossi (July 2004). "Minerogenesis of Volcanic Caves of Kenya". International Journal of Speleology. 32: 3–18. doi:10.5038/1827-806X.32.1.1. Archived from the original on 2017-04-09. Retrieved 7 Apr 2017.
- Clive Ward "Lava Caves of Kilimanjaro. Mawenzi Lava Tubes" Int. J. Speleol., 27 I3 (1/4), (1998): 53.56.
- ^ Chris Wood & Haiyan Zhang "Volcanic Centres and Lava Caves in China" Proceedings 14th International Symposium on Vulcanospeleology, 2010 pp. 123–129
- Barclay, Jennifer (2012-04-27). "10 Reasons Travelers Can't Keep Away from Jeju Island". CNN Travel. Archived from the original on 2015-12-24. Retrieved 2015-12-23.
- "Manjanggul Lava Tube [National Geopark] (만장굴 (제주도 국가지질공원)) : VISITKOREA". Manjanggul Lava Tube (만장굴 (제주도 국가지질공원)). Retrieved 2023-12-11.
- "Surtshellir-Stefánshellir System". Caves of Iceland. Showcaves. Archived from the original on 2012-04-24. Retrieved 2007-08-07.
- "Caves of Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve, Idaho". National Park Service. 2018-02-08. Retrieved 2021-01-25.
- Polyak, Victor J.; Provencio, Paula P. (2020). "The 'hornito-style' lava stalagmites and lava column in Lava Column Cave, El Malpais National Monument" (PDF). New Mexico Geological Society Special Publication. 14: 37–40. Retrieved 2020-10-24.
- Gulden, Bob (2011-06-21), World's Longest Lava Tubes, archived from the original on May 15, 2006, retrieved 2011-06-26
- Newberry National Volcanic Monument
- Donnelly-Nolan, J. M.; Stovall, W. K.; Ramsey, D. W.; Ewert, J. W.; Jensen, R. A. (2011). Hendley II, J. W. (ed.). Newberry Volcano – Central Oregon's Sleeping Giant: USGS Fact Sheet 2011–3145 (PDF). United States Geological Survey.
- Snow Canyon State Park. Utah.gov state park website.
- Subway Cave, United States Department of Agriculture. Accessed 20 June 2021.
- "Lava Tubes of Bellavista on Santa Cruz, the Galápagos". 27 June 2016.