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The majority loser criterion is a criterion to evaluate single-winner voting systems. The criterion states that if a majority of voters give a candidate no support, i.e. do not list that candidate on their ballot, that candidate must lose (unless no candidate is accepted by a majority of voters).
Either of the Condorcet loser criterion or the mutual majority criterion implies the majority loser criterion. However, the Condorcet criterion does not imply the majority loser criterion, since the minimax method satisfies the Condorcet but not the majority loser criterion. Also, the majority criterion is logically independent from the majority loser criterion, since the plurality rule satisfies the majority but not the majority loser criterion, and the anti-plurality rule satisfies the majority loser but not the majority criterion. There is no positional scoring rule which satisfies both the majority and the majority loser criterion, but several non-positional rules, including many Condorcet rules, do satisfy both. Some voting systems, like instant-runoff voting, fail the criterion if extended to handle incomplete ballots.
See also
References
- Lepelley, Dominique; Merlin, Vincent (1998). "Choix social positionnel et principe majoritaire". Annales d'Économie et de Statistique (51): 29–48. doi:10.2307/20076136. JSTOR 20076136.
- Sertel, Murat R.; Yılmaz, Bilge (1999-09-01). "The majoritarian compromise is majoritarian-optimal and subgame-perfect implementable". Social Choice and Welfare. 16 (4): 615–627. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.597.1421. doi:10.1007/s003550050164. ISSN 0176-1714. S2CID 128357237.
- Felsenthal, Dan S; Nurmi, Hannu (2018). Voting procedures for electing a single candidate : proving their (in)vulnerability to various voting paradoxes. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-74033-1.
- Kondratev, Aleksei Y.; Nesterov, Alexander S. (2020). "Measuring Majority Power and Veto Power of Voting Rules". Public Choice. 183 (1–2): 187–210. arXiv:1811.06739. doi:10.1007/s11127-019-00697-1. S2CID 53670198.
- Sanver, M. Remzi (2002-03-01). "Scoring rules cannot respect majority in choice and elimination simultaneously". Mathematical Social Sciences. 43 (2): 151–155. doi:10.1016/S0165-4896(01)00087-7.
- Woeginger, Gerhard J. (December 2003). "A note on scoring rules that respect majority in choice and elimination" (PDF). Mathematical Social Sciences. 46 (3): 347–354. doi:10.1016/S0165-4896(03)00050-7.