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Oe (Mongolic)

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Letter of related and vertically oriented alphabets used to write Mongolic and Tungusic languages

Oe is a letter of related and vertically oriented alphabets used to write Mongolic and Tungusic languages.

Mongolian language

Main articles: Mongolian script, Mongolian writing systems, and Mongolian language
Oe
The Mongolian script
Mongolian vowels
ᠠaᠡeᠢiᠣoᠤuᠥöᠦü
ᠧ(ē)
Mongolian consonants
ᠨnᠩngᠪbᠫ(p)ᠬq/kᠭɣ/gᠮm
ᠯlᠰsᠱšᠲtᠳdᠴčᠵǰ
ᠶyᠷrᠸ(w)
Foreign consonants
Letter
ö Transliteration
ᠥ
 Alone
ᠥ‍ Initial
‍ᠥ᠋‍ Medial (word-initial syllable)
‍ᠥ‍ Medial (subsequent syllables)
‍ᠥ Final
Ligatures
bö pö kö, gö Transliteration
ᠪᠥ ᠫᠥ ᠭᠥ ⟨w/o tail⟩
 Alone
ᠭᠥ᠋ ⟨w/ tail⟩
ᠪᠥ‍ ᠫᠥ‍ ᠭᠥ‍ Initial
‍ᠪᠥ‍ ‍ᠫᠥ‍ ‍ᠭᠥ‍ Medial
‍ᠪᠥ ‍ᠫᠥ ‍ᠭᠥ Final
  • Transcribes Chakhar /o/; Khalkha /o/[ɵ], /ə/, and /∅/. Transliterated into Cyrillic with the letter ө.
  • Indistinguishable from ü, except where ö can be inferred from its context:
    • ö is found in medial or final syllables if it's also found syllable-initially.
  • ‍ᠥ᠋ = an alternative final form; also used in loanwords.
  • The syllable-initial medial form ‍ᠥ᠋‍ is also used in non-initial syllables in proper name compounds, as well as in loanwords.
  • ‍ᠥ᠌‍ = medial form used after the junction in a proper name compound.
  • Derived from Old Uyghur waw (𐽳), followed by a yodh (𐽶) in word-initial syllables, and preceded by an aleph (𐽰) for isolate and initial forms.
  • Produced with O using the Windows Mongolian keyboard layout.
  • In the Mongolian Unicode block, ö comes after u and before ü.

Clear Script

Main article: Clear Script

Notes

  1. Scholarly transliteration.
  2. As in ᠥ/ᠥᠭᠡ ö/öge (өө öö) 'fault; roughness, unevenness'.
  3. As in the strengthening (emphatic) ᠭᠦ kü (хүү khüü) particle, or ᠬᠥ/ᠬᠥᠭᠡ kö/köge (хөө khöö) 'soot; obstacle, hindrance; trouble', or 'ring of mail'.

References

  1. "The Unicode Standard, Version 14.0 – Core Specification Chapter 13: South and Central Asia-II, Other Modern Scripts" (PDF). www.unicode.org. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
  2. ^ Poppe, Nicholas (1974). Grammar of Written Mongolian. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-00684-2.
  3. ^ Daniels, Peter T.; Bright, William (1996). The World's Writing Systems. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-507993-7.
  4. ^ "Mongolian transliterations" (PDF). Institute of the Estonian Language. 2006-05-06.
  5. "Mongolian Transliteration & Transcription". collab.its.virginia.edu. Retrieved 2023-03-26.
  6. ^ Lessing, Ferdinand (1960). Mongolian-English Dictionary (PDF). University of California Press. Note that this dictionary uses the transliterations c, ø, x, y, z, ai, and ei; instead of č, ö, q, ü, ǰ, ayi, and eyi; as well as problematically and incorrectly treats all rounded vowels (o/u/ö/ü) after the initial syllable as u or ü.
  7. ^ Grønbech, Kaare; Krueger, John Richard (1993). An Introduction to Classical (literary) Mongolian: Introduction, Grammar, Reader, Glossary. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-03298-8.
  8. "Mongolian Traditional Script". Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, and Mongolian Language Site. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
  9. "Writing – Study Mongolian". Study Mongolian. August 2013. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
  10. Svantesson, Jan-Olof; Tsendina, Anna; Karlsson, Anastasia; Franzen, Vivan (2005-02-10). The Phonology of Mongolian. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-151461-6.
  11. Skorodumova, L. G. (2000). Vvedenie v staropismenny mongolskiy yazyk Введение в старописьменный монгольский язык (PDF) (in Russian). Muravey-Gayd. ISBN 5-8463-0015-4.
  12. ^ Janhunen, Juha (2006-01-27). The Mongolic Languages. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-79690-7.
  13. Clauson, Gerard (2005-11-04). Studies in Turkic and Mongolic Linguistics. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-43012-3.
  14. jowilco. "Windows keyboard layouts - Globalization". Microsoft Docs. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
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