| Osornophryne sumacoensis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Head shape in lateral view of Osornophryne sumacoensis female | |
| Conservation status | |
 Vulnerable (IUCN 3.1) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Bufonidae |
| Genus: | Osornophryne |
| Species: | O. sumacoensis |
| Binomial name | |
| Osornophryne sumacoensis Gluesenkamp, 1995 | |
Osornophryne sumacoensis is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the Ecuador and only found in the forests surrounding a small crater lake on the eastern slopes of Sumaco, a volcano in the Napo Province.
Description
Osornophryne sumacoensis females measure about 32.5 mm (1.28 in) in snout–vent length (mean of three individuals). Skin has many tubercles. The back and limbs are blueish-black, but the belly is blue with black spots. Head is small.
Osornophryne sumacoensis can be active both day and night. It is a terrestrial species. During the daytime specimens have been found under leaf-litter.
Reproduction
Osornophryne sumacoensis has direct development. Eggs are laid on soil under vegetation.
Habitat and conservation
Osornophryne sumacoensis inhabits the cloud forest surrounding the lake, at 2,500–2,800 m (8,200–9,200 ft) asl. The forest is dominated by bamboo (Chusquea sp.), Ficus, and other trees up to 20 m (66 ft) tall.
The species lives within the Sumaco Napo-Galeras National Park. Volcanic eruption is a threat to this species restricted to a single location.
References
- ^ Luis A. Coloma, Santiago Ron, Diego Cisneros-Heredia, Ana Almendáriz (2004). "Osornophryne sumacoensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2004: e.T54859A11203411. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T54859A11203411.en. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Frost, Darrel R. (2014). "Osornophryne sumacoensis Gluesenkamp, 1995". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
- ^ Coloma, L. A.; Páez-Moscoso, D.; Frenkel, C.; Félix-Novoa, C. & Quiguango-Ubillús, A. (2014). "Osornophryne sumacoensis". Ron, S. R., Guayasamin, J. M., Yanez-Muñoz, M. H., Merino-Viteri, A., Ortiz, D. A. y Nicolalde, D. A. 2014. AmphibiaWebEcuador. Version 2014.0. Museo de Zoología, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (QCAZ). Archived from the original on 3 February 2015. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
| Taxon identifiers | |
|---|---|
| Osornophryne sumacoensis | |