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Pleurozia
Pleurozia purpurea
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Division:	Marchantiophyta
Class:	Jungermanniopsida
Subclass:	Metzgeriidae
Order:	Pleuroziales Schljakov
Family:	Pleuroziaceae (Schiffn.) Müll.Frib.
Genus:	Pleurozia Dumort.
Synonyms
Eopleurozia Schust. Physiotium Nees

Pleurozia is the only genus of liverworts in the family Pleuroziaceae, which is now classified in its own order Pleuroziales, but was previously included in a broader circumscription of the Jungermanniales. The genus includes twelve species, and as a whole is both physically distinctive and widely distributed.

The lower leaf lobes of Pleurozia species are fused, forming a closed water sac covered by a movable lid similar in structure to those of the angiosperm genus Utricularia. These sacs were assumed to play a role in water storage, but a 2005 study on Pleurozia purpurea found that the sacs attract and trap ciliates, much in the same way as Utricularia. Observations of plants in situ also revealed a large number of trapped prey within the sacs, suggesting that the species in this genus obtain some benefit from a carnivorous habit. After Colura, this was the second report of zoophagy among the liverworts.

Taxonomy

The genus Pleurozia has been subdivided into three subgenera:

• Pleurozia subg. Pleurozia
  • Pleurozia gigantea (Weber) Lindberg
• Pleurozia subg. Constantifolia Thiers
  • Pleurozia purpurea Lindberg
  • Pleurozia conchifolia (Hooker & Arnott) Austin
• Pleurozia subg. Diversifolia Thiers
  • Pleurozia acinosa (Mitten) Trevisan
  • Pleurozia articulata (Lindberg) Lindberg & Lackström
  • Pleurozia caledonica (Gottsche ex Jack) Stephani
  • Pleurozia curiosa Thiers
  • Pleurozia heterophylla Stephani ex Fulford
  • Pleurozia johannis-winkleri Herzog
  • Pleurozia paradoxa (Jack) Schiffner
  • Pleurozia subinflata (Austin) Austin
• Unplaced
  • Pleurozia pocsii Müller

References

1. Dumortier, B. C. (1835). Recueil d'observations sur les Jungermanniacées. Vol. fasc. 1. Tournay. pp. 1–27.
2. Müller, K. (1909). Die Lebermoose Deutschlands, Oesterreichs und der Schweiz, mit Berücksichtigung der übrigen Länder Europas. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora. Leipzig.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
3. Schuster, Rudolf M. (1966). The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America. Vol. I. New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 381–384.
4. Thiers, Barbara M. (1993). "A Monograph of Pleurozia (Hepaticae; Pleuroziaceae)". The Bryologist. 96 (4): 517–554. doi:10.2307/3243984. JSTOR 3243984.
5. Söderström, Lars; Hagborg, Anders; Konrat, Matt von; Bartholomew-Began, Sharon; Bell, David; Briscoe, Laura; Brown, Elizabeth; Cargill, D. Christine; Costa, Denise Pinheiro da; Crandall-Stotler, Barbara J.; Cooper, Endymion; Dauphin, Gregorio; Engel, John; Feldberg, Kathrin; Glenny, David; Gradstein, S. Robbert; He, Xiaolan; Heinrichs, Jochen; Hentschel, Joern; Ilkiu-Borges, Anna Luiza; Katagiri, Tomoyuki; Konstantinova, Nadezhda A.; Larraín, Juan; Long, David; Nebel, Martin; Pócs, Tamás; Puche, Felisa; Reiner-Drehwald, Elena; Renner, Matt; Sass-Gyarmati, Andrea; Schäfer-Verwimp, Alfons; Segarra-Moragues, José; Stotler, Raymond E.; Sukkharak, Phiangphak; Thiers, Barbara; Uribe, Jaime; Váňa, Jiří; Villarreal, Juan; Wigginton, Martin; Zhang, Li; Zhu, Rui-Liang (29 January 2016). "World checklist of hornworts and liverworts". PhytoKeys (59): 1–828. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.59.6261. ISSN 1314-2003. PMC 4758082. PMID 26929706.
6. Jones, E. W. (2004). Liverwort and Hornwort Flora of West Africa. Scripta Botanica Belgica. Vol. 30. Meise: National Botanic Garden (Belgium). pp. 197–198. ISBN 90-72619-61-7.
7. Hess, Sebastian; Frahm, Jan-Peter; Theisen, Inge (2005). "Evidence of zoophagy in a second liverwort species, Pleurozia purpurea". The Bryologist. 108 (2): 212–218. doi:10.1639/6. S2CID 85079354.

• Pleuroziales
• Liverwort genera