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Proschismotherium Temporal range: Early Miocene, 17.5–16.3 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓ Santacrucian
Holotype jaw
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	Pilosa
Family:	†Megalonychidae
Genus:	†Proschismotherium Ameghino, 1902
Species:	†P. oppositum
Binomial name
†Proschismotherium oppositum Ameghino, 1902

Proschismotherium is an extinct genus of ground sloth of the family Megalonychidae, endemic to Argentina during the Early Miocene. It lived from 17.5 mya — 16.3 mya, existing (as a genus) for approximately 1.2 million years. The type, and only, species, P. oppositum, was named in 1902 by Florentino Ameghino based on a single specimen found in the Santacrucian-aged Colpodon Beds of Argentina. Ameghino in 1902 placed Proschismotherium in the Megatheriidae, alongside Hapaloides, which was its sister taxon.

The holotype jaw was compared to that of Schismotherium fractum and was found to be roughly the same size, indicating that Proschismotherium weighed roughly 45 kilograms (99 lb) and grew up to 1 metre (3.3 ft); the size estimate was loosely based on Hapalops and also Schismotherium.

References

1. ^ R. L. Carroll. (1988). Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution 1-698
2. ^ F. Ameghino. (1902). Première contribution à la connaissance de la fauna mammalogique des couches à Colpodon . Boletin de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias de Córdoba 17:71-141
3. McKenna & Bell (1997) Classification of Mammals Above the Species Level
4. "Hapaloides". Fossilworks. Retrieved 11 August 2022.
5. "Proschismotherium". Fossilworks. Archived from the original on 26 September 2021. Retrieved 11 August 2022.
6. Toledo, Néstor (2012-09-07). "Mass estimation of Santacrucian sloths from the Early Miocene Santa Cruz Formation of Patagonia, Argentina". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. doi:10.4202/app.2012.0009. hdl:11336/20506.
7. Palmer, D., ed. (1999). The Marshall Illustrated Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals. London: Marshall Editions. p. 207. ISBN 978-1-84028-152-1.

v t e Pilosan genera
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Superorder: Xenarthra
Pilosa Vermilingua †Argyromanis †Orthoarthrus Cyclopedidae Cyclopes †Palaeomyrmidon Myrmecophagidae Myrmecophaga †Neotamandua †Protamandua Tamandua Folivora †Pseudoglyptodon †Megalocnidae Acratocnus Imagocnus Megalocnus Mesocnus Miocnus Neocnus Parocnus Mylodontoidea Choloepus †Scelidotheriidae Analcitherium Catonyx Chubutherium Nematherium? Neonematherium Proscelidodon Scelidodon Scelidotheridium Scelidotheriops Scelidotherium Sibyllotherium Valgipes †Mylodontidae Baraguatherium Eionaletherium Nematherium Octodontobradys Octodontotherium Octomylodon Orophodon Paroctodontotherium Pseudoprepotherium Urumacotherium Mylodontinae Archaeomylodon Brievabradys? Glossotheriopsis Megabradys Mylodonopsis Ocnotherium Oreomylodon? Promylodon Ranculcus Strabosodon Lestodontini Bolivartherium Lestobradys Lestodon Magdalenabradys Sphenotherus Thinobadistes Mylodontini Glossotheridium Glossotherium Kiyumylodon Mylodon Paramylodon Pleurolestodon Simomylodon Megatherioidea see below↓
Megatherioidea Megatherioidea Bradypus †Hapalops †Hiskatherium †Hyperleptus †Pelecyodon †Schismotherium †Similhapalops †Megalonychidae Deseadognathus Hapalops? Hyperleptus? Mesopotamocnus Paulocnus Proplatyarthrus Urumacocnus Ortotheriinae Diodomus Eucholoeops Hapaloides Megalonychotherium Ortotherium Paranabradys Pliomorphus Proschismotherium Pseudortotherium Torcellia Megalonychinae Ahytherium Australonyx Megalonychops Megalonyx Megistonyx Meizonyx Nohochichak Pattersonocnus Pliometanastes Protomegalonyx Sinclairia Xibalbaonyx Zacatzontli †Megatheria Analcimorphus Nothrotheriidae Neohapalops Thalassocnus? Nothrotheriinae Amphibradys Aymaratherium Chasicobradys Huilabradys Lakukullus Mcdonaldocnus Mionothropus Nothropus Nothrotheriops Nothrotherium Pronothrotherium Xyophorus Megatheriidae Thalassocnus? Planopsinae Planops Prepotherium Prepoplanops Proprepotherium Megatheriinae Anisodontherium Diabolotherium Eomegatherium Eremotherium Megathericulus Megatheridium Megatheriops Megatherium Ocnopus Perezfontanatherium Plesiomegatherium Pliomegatherium Proeremotherium Promegatherium Pyramiodontherium Sibotherium Urumaquia

• Prehistoric sloths
• Miocene mammals of South America
• Fossil taxa described in 1902
• Golfo San Jorge Basin
• Sarmiento Formation
• Neogene Argentina