R v Grantham | |
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Court | High Court |
Citation | QB 675 |
Court membership | |
Judges sitting | Lord Lane CJ, Boreham J and Stuart-Smith J |
Keywords | |
Fraudulent trading |
R v Grantham QB 675 is a UK insolvency law case which decides that an intent to defraud, now under the Insolvency Act 1986 section 213, needs to be established for a conviction for fraudulent trading, and knowing that there was no prospect of being able to pay debt when they fell due, even if there might be a distant prospect in the future, constituted an intent to defraud.
Facts
Fraudulent trading cases | |
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Re Sarflax Ltd Ch 592 | |
R v Grantham QB 675 | |
Re Augustus Barnett & Son Ltd BCLC 170 | |
Re a Company (No 001418 of 1988) BCC 526 | |
Morphitis v Bernasconi [2003] EWCA Civ 289 | |
Jetivia SA v Bilta (UK) Limited (in liquidation) [2015] UKSC 23 | |
See United Kingdom insolvency law |
Mr Grantham was tried for fraudulent trading, contrary to the Companies Act 1948 section 332(3) (now Insolvency Act 1986 section 213). The jury were directed that they could find dishonesty and intent to defraud if they thought Mr Grantham obtained credit when he knew there was no good reason for thinking that his company would be able to repay the debt when it became due.
Mr Grantham was convicted. He appealed that the jury was given the wrong direction.
Judgment
Lord Lane CJ, Boreham J and Stuart-Smith J dismissed Mr Grantham's appeal. They held there was no error in the direction. Applying the House of Lords case Welham v DPP AC 103, under section 332 (now section 213, Insolvency Act 1986) an intent to defraud was established on proof of intention to dishonestly prejudice creditors in being repaid.
Significance
In a previous case from 1960, Re White & Osmond (Parkstone) Ltd Buckley J held that 'there is nothing to say that directors who genuinely believe that the clouds will roll away and the sunshine of prosperity will shine upon them again and disperse the fog of their depression are not entitled to incur credit to help them get over the bad time.' But this approach, allowing directors to keep incurring losses when they knew a company was unable to meet debts was disapproved by R v Grantham. If a director knew there was no short term prospect of repaying debts, it was irrelevant that he thought there may some hypothetical day be "blue skies" ahead.
See also
Unlawful trading cases | |
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IA 1986 s 213 and CA 2006 s 993 | |
Morphitis v Bernasconi [2003] EWCA Civ 289 | |
Re Gerald Cooper (Chemicals) Ltd 2 Ch 262 | |
R v Grantham QB 675 | |
Re Augustus Barnett & Son Ltd BCLC 170 | |
Re Sarflax Ltd Ch 592 | |
Re a Company (No 001418 of 1988) BCC 526 | |
IA 1986 s 214 | |
Re Produce Marketing Consortium Ltd (No 2) BCLC 520 | |
Re Purpoint Ltd BCC 121 | |
Re Brian D Pierson (Contractors) Ltd BCC 26 | |
Singer v Beckett 2 BCLC 287 | |
Ward v Perks BCC 937 | |
Re Oasis Merchandising Services Ltd 2 BCLC 493 | |
see Unlawful trading and UK insolvency law |
- Re Augustus Barnett & Son Ltd BCLC 170
Notes
- 2 All ER 166