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SPEF2
Identifiers
Aliases	SPEF2, CT122, KPL2, sperm flagellar 2, SPGF43
External IDs	OMIM: 610172; MGI: 2443727; HomoloGene: 23371; GeneCards: SPEF2; OMA:SPEF2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 5 (human) Band 5p13.2 Start 35,617,844 bp End 35,814,611 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 15 (mouse) Band 15|15 A1 Start 9,578,279 bp End 9,748,954 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in right uterine tube bronchial epithelial cell mucosa of paranasal sinus sperm canal of the cervix Achilles tendon olfactory zone of nasal mucosa body of uterus caput epididymis sural nerve Top expressed in olfactory epithelium spermatid spermatocyte seminiferous tubule embryo embryo Epithelium of choroid plexus granulocyte vestibular labyrinth right lung More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 79925 320277 Ensembl ENSG00000152582 ENSMUSG00000072663 UniProt Q9C093 Q8C9J3 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_024867 NM_144722 NM_177123 NM_001305042 NM_001305044 RefSeq (protein) NP_079143 NP_653323 NP_001291971 NP_001291973 NP_796097 Location (UCSC) Chr 5: 35.62 – 35.81 Mb Chr 15: 9.58 – 9.75 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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Sperm flagellar protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPEF2 gene.

SPEF2 plays an important role in spermatogenesis and flagellar assembly. SPEF2 is expressed in all ciliated cells and is required for cilia function. Sperm contain cilia, and a mutation in the SPEF2 gene can cause male infertility due to immobile sperm. In a pig animal model, a SPEF2 mutation affects the sperm tail development. And a loss of function mutation in SPEF2 in mice causes the big giant head phenotype. SPEF2 mRNA and protein products are localized in germ and sertoli cells. Within these cells, SPEF2 is localized in the golgi complex, manchette, basal body and mid piece of the sperm tail. SPEF2 has been shown to interact with the intracellular transport protein IFT20 in the testis.

References

1. ^ GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000152582 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. ^ GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000072663 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Nagase T, Kikuno R, Hattori A, Kondo Y, Okumura K, Ohara O (December 2000). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XIX. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro". DNA Research. 7 (6): 347–355. doi:10.1093/dnares/7.6.347. PMID 11214970.
6. Sironen A, Thomsen B, Andersson M, Ahola V, Vilkki J (March 2006). "An intronic insertion in KPL2 results in aberrant splicing and causes the immotile short-tail sperm defect in the pig". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 103 (13): 5006–5011. Bibcode:2006PNAS..103.5006S. doi:10.1073/pnas.0506318103. PMC 1458785. PMID 16549801.
7. Sironen A, Vilkki J, Bendixen C, Thomsen B (October 2007). "Infertile Finnish Yorkshire boars carry a full-length LINE-1 retrotransposon within the KPL2 gene". Molecular Genetics and Genomics. 278 (4): 385–391. doi:10.1007/s00438-007-0256-7. PMID 17610085. S2CID 6950948.
8. "Entrez Gene: FLJ23577 KPL2 protein".
9. ^ Sironen A, Kotaja N, Mulhern H, Wyatt TA, Sisson JH, Pavlik JA, Miiluniemi M, Fleming MD, Lee L (October 2011). "Loss of SPEF2 function in mice results in spermatogenesis defects and primary ciliary dyskinesia". Biology of Reproduction. 85 (4): 690–701. doi:10.1095/biolreprod.111.091132. PMC 3184289. PMID 21715716.
10. ^ Sironen A, Hansen J, Thomsen B, Andersson M, Vilkki J, Toppari J, Kotaja N (March 2010). "Expression of SPEF2 during mouse spermatogenesis and identification of IFT20 as an interacting protein". Biology of Reproduction. 82 (3): 580–590. doi:10.1095/biolreprod.108.074971. PMID 19889948.

Further reading

• Adams MD, Kerlavage AR, Fleischmann RD, Fuldner RA, Bult CJ, Lee NH, Kirkness EF, Weinstock KG, Gocayne JD, White O (September 1995). "Initial assessment of human gene diversity and expression patterns based upon 83 million nucleotides of cDNA sequence" (PDF). Nature. 377 (6547 Suppl): 3–174. PMID 7566098.
• Maruyama K, Sugano S (January 1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–174. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S (October 1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene. 200 (1–2): 149–156. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.

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