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Sousa Caldas

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Brazilian writer

Sousa Caldas
BornAntônio Pereira de Sousa Caldas
(1762-11-24)November 24, 1762
Rio de Janeiro City, Rio de Janeiro, Portuguese Colony of Brazil
DiedMarch 2, 1814(1814-03-02) (aged 51)
Rio de Janeiro City, Rio de Janeiro, Portuguese Colony of Brazil
OccupationOrator, poet, priest
NationalityPortuguese Empire
Alma materUniversity of Coimbra
Literary movementNeoclassicism
Notable worksOde ao Homem Natural, Poesias Sacras e Profanas

Antônio Pereira de Sousa Caldas (November 24, 1762 – March 2, 1814) was a Colonial Brazilian poet, priest and orator, patron of the 34th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.

About

Sousa Caldas was born in 1762, to Portuguese merchant Luís Pereira de Sousa and Ana Maria de Sousa. Since he was a small boy, he had a vocation for literature, and, at only 8 years old, he was sent to Lisbon, to live under the care of an uncle. With 16 years old, he entered the University of Coimbra, where he learnt mathematics and canon law.

In 1781, he was arrested by the Inquisition because of his ideals, influenced by the Enlightenment. Transferred to the convent of Rilhafoles, he was catechized for six months. After the catechism, he became a fully different person, discovering his sacerdotal vocation. However, he did not abandoned his philosophical and satirical poetry, writing the poem Ode ao Homem Natural in 1784. It is attributed to him the satire O Reino da Estupidez. He also published the poem Ode ao Homem Selvagem.

After graduating in the canon law course in 1789, he travelled to France and Genoa. In Genoa, he wrote the ode A Criação and abandoned the satirical poetry.

In 1801, he returns to Rio de Janeiro to visit his mother, settling permanently in the town. During his final years in Rio, he wrote many letters for his friends, but only five of them exist today.

He died in 1814.

Works

References

  1. Gilman, Daniel Coit; Peck, Harry Thurston; Colby, Frank Moore (1903). The New International Encyclopædia. Dodd, Mead and Company. p. 307.
  2. Sadlier, Darlene J. (January 1, 2010). Brazil Imagined: 1500 to the Present. University of Texas Press. p. 101. ISBN 978-0-292-77473-5.
  3. "SOUSA CALDAS, Antonio Pereira de in "Enciclopedia Italiana"". www.treccani.it (in Italian). Retrieved December 1, 2022.

External links

Preceded byNew creation
Brazilian Academy of LettersPatron of the 34th chair
Succeeded byJoão Manuel Pereira da Silva (founder)
Patrons and members of the Brazilian Academy of Letters
Chairs
1 to 10

1 (Adelino Fontoura): Luís MuratAfonso d'Escragnolle TaunayIvan Monteiro de Barros LinsBernardo ÉlisEvandro Lins e SilvaAna Maria Machado
2 (Álvares de Azevedo): Coelho NetoJoão Neves da FontouraJoão Guimarães RosaMário PalmérioTarcísio PadilhaEduardo Giannetti da Fonseca
3 (Artur de Oliveira): Filinto de AlmeidaRoberto SimonsenAníbal Freire da FonsecaHerberto SalesCarlos Heitor ConyJoaquim Falcão
4 (Basílio da Gama): Aluísio AzevedoAlcides MaiaViana MoogCarlos Nejar
5 (Bernardo Guimarães): Raimundo CorreiaOswaldo CruzAloísio de CastroCândido Mota FilhoRachel de QueirozJosé Murilo de CarvalhoAilton Krenak
6 (Casimiro de Abreu): Teixeira de MeloArtur JaceguaiGoulart de AndradeBarbosa Lima SobrinhoRaimundo FaoroCícero Sandroni
7 (Castro Alves): Valentim MagalhãesEuclides da CunhaAfrânio PeixotoAfonso Pena JúniorHermes LimaPontes de MirandaDiná Silveira de QueirósSérgio Correia da CostaNelson Pereira dos SantosCacá Diegues
8 (Cláudio Manuel da Costa): Alberto de OliveiraOliveira VianaAustregésilo de AthaydeAntônio CaladoAntônio OlintoCleonice BerardinelliRicardo Cavaliere
9 (Gonçalves de Magalhães): Carlos Magalhães de AzeredoMarques RebeloCarlos Chagas FilhoAlberto da Costa e SilvaLilia Moritz Schwarcz
10 (Evaristo da Veiga): Rui BarbosaLaudelino FreireOsvaldo OricoOrígenes LessaLêdo IvoRosiska Darcy de Oliveira

Chairs
11 to 20

11 (Fagundes Varela): Lúcio de MendonçaPedro Augusto Carneiro LessaEduardo RamosJoão Luís AlvesAdelmar TavaresDeolindo CoutoDarcy RibeiroCelso FurtadoHélio JaguaribeIgnácio de Loyola Brandão
12 (França Júnior): Urbano Duarte de OliveiraAntônio Augusto de LimaVítor VianaJosé Carlos de Macedo SoaresAbgar RenaultLucas Moreira NevesAlfredo BosiPaulo Niemeyer Filho
13 (Francisco Otaviano): Alfredo d'Escragnolle TaunayFrancisco de CastroMartins JúniorSousa BandeiraHélio LoboAugusto MeyerFrancisco de Assis BarbosaSérgio Paulo RouanetRuy Castro
14 (Franklin Távora): Clóvis BeviláquaAntônio Carneiro LeãoFernando de AzevedoMiguel RealeCelso Lafer
15 (Gonçalves Dias): Olavo BilacAmadeu AmaralGuilherme de AlmeidaOdilo Costa FilhoMarcos BarbosaFernando Bastos de ÁvilaMarco Lucchesi
16 (Gregório de Matos): Araripe JúniorFélix PachecoPedro CalmonLygia Fagundes TellesJorge Caldeira
17 (Hipólito da Costa): Sílvio RomeroOsório Duque-EstradaEdgar Roquette-PintoÁlvaro LinsAntônio HouaissAffonso Arinos de Mello FrancoFernanda Montenegro
18 (João Francisco Lisboa): José VeríssimoBarão Homem de MeloAlberto FariaLuís CarlosPereira da SilvaPeregrino JúniorArnaldo Niskier
19 (Joaquim Caetano): Alcindo GuanabaraSilvério Gomes PimentaGustavo BarrosoSilva MeloAmérico Jacobina LacombeMarcos Almir MadeiraAntônio Carlos Secchin
20 (Joaquim Manuel de Macedo): Salvador de MendonçaEmílio de MenesesHumberto de CamposMúcio LeãoAurélio de Lira TavaresMurilo Melo FilhoGilberto Gil

Chairs
21 to 30

21 (Joaquim Serra): José do PatrocínioMário de AlencarOlegário MarianoÁlvaro MoreiraAdonias FilhoDias GomesRoberto CamposPaulo Coelho
22 (José Bonifácio the Younger): Medeiros e AlbuquerqueMiguel Osório de AlmeidaLuís Viana FilhoIvo PitanguyJoão Almino
23 (José de Alencar): Machado de AssisLafayette Rodrigues PereiraAlfredo PujolOtávio MangabeiraJorge AmadoZélia GattaiLuiz Paulo HortaAntônio Torres
24 (Júlio Ribeiro): Garcia RedondoLuís Guimarães FilhoManuel BandeiraCyro dos AnjosSábato MagaldiGeraldo Carneiro
25 (Junqueira Freire): Franklin DóriaArtur Orlando da SilvaAtaulfo de PaivaJosé Lins do RegoAfonso Arinos de Melo FrancoAlberto Venancio Filho
26 (Laurindo Rabelo): Guimarães PassosJoão do RioConstâncio AlvesRibeiro CoutoGilberto AmadoMauro MotaMarcos Vilaça
27 (Antônio Peregrino Maciel Monteiro): Joaquim NabucoDantas BarretoGregório da FonsecaLevi CarneiroOtávio de FariaEduardo PortellaAntonio CiceroEdgard Telles Ribeiro
28 (Manuel Antônio de Almeida): Inglês de SousaXavier MarquesMenotti Del PicchiaOscar Dias CorreiaDomício Proença Filho
29 (Martins Pena): Artur AzevedoVicente de CarvalhoCláudio de SousaJosué MontelloJosé MindlinGeraldo Holanda Cavalcanti
30 (Pardal Mallet): Pedro RabeloHeráclito GraçaAntônio AustregésiloAurélio Buarque de Holanda FerreiraNélida PiñonHeloísa Teixeira

Chairs
31 to 40

31 (Pedro Luís Pereira de Sousa): Luís Caetano Pereira Guimarães JúniorJoão Batista Ribeiro de Andrade FernandesPaulo SetúbalCassiano RicardoJosé Cândido de CarvalhoGeraldo França de LimaMoacyr ScliarMerval Pereira
32 (Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre): Carlos de LaetRamiz GalvãoViriato CorreiaJoracy CamargoGenolino AmadoAriano SuassunaZuenir Ventura
33 (Raul Pompeia): Domício da GamaFernando MagalhãesLuís EdmundoAfrânio CoutinhoEvanildo Bechara
34 (Sousa Caldas): João Manuel Pereira da SilvaJosé Maria da Silva Paranhos Jr.Lauro MüllerAquino CorreiaMagalhães JúniorCarlos Castelo BrancoJoão Ubaldo RibeiroZuenir VenturaEvaldo Cabral de Mello
35 (Tavares Bastos): Rodrigo OtávioRodrigo Otávio FilhoJosé Honório RodriguesCelso CunhaCândido Mendes de AlmeidaGodofredo de Oliveira Neto
36 (Teófilo Dias): Afonso CelsoClementino FragaPaulo CarneiroJosé Guilherme MerquiorJoão de ScantimburgoFernando Henrique Cardoso
37 (Tomás António Gonzaga): José Júlio da Silva RamosJosé de Alcântara MachadoGetúlio VargasAssis ChateaubriandJoão Cabral de Melo NetoIvan JunqueiraFerreira GullarArno Wehling
38 (Tobias Barreto): Graça AranhaAlberto Santos-DumontCelso VieiraMaurício Campos de MedeirosJosé Américo de AlmeidaJosé Sarney
39 (Francisco Adolfo de Varnhagen): Manuel de Oliveira LimaAlberto de FariaRocha PomboRodolfo GarciaElmano CardimOtto Lara ResendeRoberto MarinhoMarco MacielJosé Paulo Cavalcanti Filho
40 (José Maria da Silva Paranhos Sr.): Eduardo PradoAfonso ArinosMiguel CoutoAlceu Amoroso LimaEvaristo de Moraes FilhoEdmar Bacha


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