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12:51, 11 July 2010: 124.195.219.183 (talk) triggered filter 50, performing the action "edit" on Ciudad Juárez. Actions taken: Warn; Filter description: Shouting (examine)

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There are four international ports of entry connecting Ciudad Juarez and El Paso, Texas, including the Bridge of the Americas, Ysleta International Bridge, Paso Del Norte Bridge, and Stanton Street Bridge, which combined were responsible for 22,958,472 crossings in 2008 <ref>http://www.elpasotexas.gov/econdev/_documents/Community%20Profile%202008.pdf</ref>. This makes Ciudad Juarez a major point of entry and transportation for all of central northern Mexico. The city has a growing industrial center which is made up in large part by the more than 300 ''[[maquiladora]]s'' (assembly plants) located in and around the city. According to a 2007 ''[[The New York Times]]'' article, Ciudad Juárez "is now absorbing more new industrial real estate space than any other North American city."<ref name=twocities/> In 2008, [[FDi magazine|FDi Magazine]] designated Ciudad Juárez "The City of the Future".<ref>http://www.gdi-solutions.com/fdi/2007awards/Mexico/ciudad_juarez.htm</ref> However, the city is also the site of widespread poverty and violence, including an infamous series of unsolved murders of female factory workers. The violence generated by the [[Mexican Drug War|narco-insurgency]] translated into some 6,000 killings in 2008. More than 1,600 of them occurred in Juárez, three times more than the most murderous city in the United States.<ref>Neighboring El Paso, Texas, with a population of 600,000, reported 10 homicides in 2009.</ref> And that number of killings increased to 2,600 in 2009.<ref name="usatoday/2010-07-02">{{Cite web|url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2010-07-02-mexico-drug-gang-arrest_N.htm|title=usatoday/2010-07-02|accessdate=2010-07-02}}</ref> In response, business groups in Juárez have called for [[United Nations|UN]] intervention <ref>http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/33876408/ns/world_news-americas/</ref> and because of the security situation the question was raised if it deserves the reputation of being "the most dangerous place in the world" <ref>[http://www.thestar.com/news/world/article/812757--ciudad-juarez-mexico-the-world-s-most-dangerous-place "Ciudad Juárez, Mexico: The world's most dangerous place? - A drug war has turned Ciudad Juárez into a bloodbath. What’s worse, the addition of thousands of police and soldiers has only made the Mexican city more lawless"]</ref>
There are four international ports of entry connecting Ciudad Juarez and El Paso, Texas, including the Bridge of the Americas, Ysleta International Bridge, Paso Del Norte Bridge, and Stanton Street Bridge, which combined were responsible for 22,958,472 crossings in 2008 <ref>http://www.elpasotexas.gov/econdev/_documents/Community%20Profile%202008.pdf</ref>. This makes Ciudad Juarez a major point of entry and transportation for all of central northern Mexico. The city has a growing industrial center which is made up in large part by the more than 300 ''[[maquiladora]]s'' (assembly plants) located in and around the city. According to a 2007 ''[[The New York Times]]'' article, Ciudad Juárez "is now absorbing more new industrial real estate space than any other North American city."<ref name=twocities/> In 2008, [[FDi magazine|FDi Magazine]] designated Ciudad Juárez "The City of the Future".<ref>http://www.gdi-solutions.com/fdi/2007awards/Mexico/ciudad_juarez.htm</ref> However, the city is also the site of widespread poverty and violence, including an infamous series of unsolved murders of female factory workers. The violence generated by the [[Mexican Drug War|narco-insurgency]] translated into some 6,000 killings in 2008. More than 1,600 of them occurred in Juárez, three times more than the most murderous city in the United States.<ref>Neighboring El Paso, Texas, with a population of 600,000, reported 10 homicides in 2009.</ref> And that number of killings increased to 2,600 in 2009.<ref name="usatoday/2010-07-02">{{Cite web|url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2010-07-02-mexico-drug-gang-arrest_N.htm|title=usatoday/2010-07-02|accessdate=2010-07-02}}</ref> In response, business groups in Juárez have called for [[United Nations|UN]] intervention <ref>http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/33876408/ns/world_news-americas/</ref> and because of the security situation the question was raised if it deserves the reputation of being "the most dangerous place in the world" <ref>[http://www.thestar.com/news/world/article/812757--ciudad-juarez-mexico-the-world-s-most-dangerous-place "Ciudad Juárez, Mexico: The world's most dangerous place? - A drug war has turned Ciudad Juárez into a bloodbath. What’s worse, the addition of thousands of police and soldiers has only made the Mexican city more lawless"]</ref>


THIS IS NOT THE CORRECT INFORMATION THE ACTUAL NAME IS NOT JUAREZ BUT THE NAME IS JURAZ
==History==
{{Copyedit-section|date=November 2009}}
{{further information|[[History of El Paso, Texas]]}}
<!-- This section is linked from [[List of capitals in the United States]] -->
Ciudad Juárez was founded as ''El Paso del Norte'' ("North Pass")<!-- Do not write here! --> in 1659 by Spanish explorers, seeking a route through the southern [[Rocky Mountains]]. The [[Mission de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe]] was the first permanent Spanish development in the area; Native America population was already located there. The [[Jesuit]] friars established a community that grew in importance as commerce between Santa Fe and [[Chihuahua]] passed through it. The wood for the bridge across the Rio Grande first came from [[Santa Fe, New Mexico]] in the 1700s. The original population of [[suma]], [[jumano]] and immigrants brought by the Spanish as slaves from Central [[New Spain]] grew around the mission. In [[1648]] during the [[Pueblo Revolt]], some [[Tigua]] branch of the [[Pueblo]] established as refugees and a Mission was established for them in [[Ysleta del Paso del Norte]]. The population grew until around 1750, when the [[Apache]] attacked the other native towns around the missions. The 1848 [[Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo]] established the Rio Grande as the border between Mexico and the United States, separating the settlements on the north bank of the river from the rest of the town.

Such settlements were in fact not adjoined to the town in that time, and as the military set its buildings the town grew around it. That would later become [[El Paso, Texas]]. From that time until around 1930 populations on both sides of the border could move freely across it. Ciudad Juárez and El Paso are one of the 14 pairs of [[Cross-border town naming]] along the U.S.–Mexico border. During the [[French intervention in Mexico]] (1862–1867), El Paso del Norte served as a temporary stop for [[Benito Juárez]]'s republican forces until he established his [[government-in-exile]] in [[Chihuahua, Chihuahua|Chihuahua]]. In 1888, El Paso del Norte was renamed in honor of Juárez.

Juárez has grown substantially in recent decades due to a large influx of people rapidly moving into the city in search of jobs with the [[maquiladoras]]. Now more technological firms have been attracted like the largest [[Delphi Corporation]] Technical Center in the Western Hemisphere, which is located in Ciudad Juárez and employs more than 2,000 engineers. Large [[slum|slum housing]] communities called ''[[colonia (border settlement)|colonias]]'' have become extensive.

[[File:Juarez Cathedrale et mission 24-02-2007.jpg|right|thumb|Juárez mission and cathedral.]]
Juárez has gained further notoriety because of violence<ref name=bbc>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7682465.stm Human heads sent to Mexico police], ''BBC News'', October 21, 2008. Accessed March 5, 2009.</ref> and as a major center of [[drug trafficking|narcotics trafficking]] linked to the powerful [[Juárez Cartel]], and for more than 1000 unsolved [[Female homicides in Ciudad Juárez|murders of young women]] since 1993. Unfortunately, because of widely alleged police complicity (and perhaps even participation on the part of police and government officials and local elites), the serial murders continue and most of them remain "unsolved" despite the years that have gone by, though the number of homicides has fallen slightly since 2004 despite the increase of population. As a result of the murders, Juárez (along with the capital of the state, [[Chihuahua, Chihuahua|Chihuahua, Chih.]]) has become a center for protest against sexual violence throughout Mexico.<ref>Wright, Melissa. "Paradoxes, Protests, and the ''Mujeres de Negro'' of Northern Mexico." ''Gender, Place, and Culture'', 12.3 (2005): 177–192.</ref> Meanwhile, many continue working to maintain a positive image of Ciudad Juárez. Songs 'Juarez' by the music artist [[Tori Amos]] and '[[Invalid Litter Dept.]]' by [[At the Drive-In]] refer to Ciudad Juárez and the murders of women therein. A giant Mexican flag, [[bandera monumental]], was erected in Chamizal Park on June 26, 1997.<br style="clear:both;">


==Climate==
==Climate==

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'{{Lead rewrite|date=February 2010}} {{POV-check|date=May 2009}} {{Infobox settlement |official_name = Ciudad Juárez |native_name = Juárez |nickname = Gateway of Mexico, El Paso del Norte, Juaritos |image_seal = Coat of arms of Ciudad Juárez.svg |image_map = |pushpin_map = |coordinates_region = |subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]] |subdivision_name = {{flag|Mexico}} |subdivision_type1 = [[Political divisions of Mexico|State]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]] |subdivision_type2 = Municipality |subdivision_name2 = [[Juárez (Municipality of Chihuahua)|Juárez]] |leader_title = [[Municipal president of Juárez|Municipal president]] |leader_name = [[José Reyes Ferriz]]<br>({{PRI party}}) |leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |established_title = Foundation |established_date = 1659 |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 188 |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |population_as_of = 2005 |population_note = |population_total = 1,400,891 |population_density_km2 = 7452 |population_density_sq_mi = 19290 |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_blank1_title =[[Demonym]] |population_blank1 =Juarense |timezone = [[Mountain Standard Time]] |utc_offset = -7 |timezone_DST = [[Mountain Daylight Time]] |utc_offset_DST = -6 |latd = 31|latm=44|lats=22|latNS=N |longd = 106|longm=29|longs=13| longEW=W|coordinates_display=d |elevation_m = 1120 |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = 32000 |area_code = [[Area codes in Mexico|+52 656]] |website = http://www.juarez.gob.mx |footnotes = }} '''Ciudad Juárez''' ({{IPA-es|sjuˈðað ˈxwaɾes}}), also known as '''Juárez''' and formerly known as '''El Paso del Norte''', is a city and seat of the [[Juárez (Municipality of Chihuahua)|municipality of Juárez]] in the [[Mexican state]] of [[Chihuahua]]. Juárez has an estimated population of 1.5 million people.<ref name=twocities>{{cite news |last=Chamberlain |first=Lisa|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/28/realestate/commercial/28juarez.html?_r=1&scp=1&sq=Where+commerce+flows&st=nyt |title=2 Cities and 4 Bridges Where Commerce Flows |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 28, 2007. |accessdate=March 5, 2009.}}</ref> The city lies on the [[Rio Grande|Rio Grande (Río Bravo del Norte)]], across from [[El Paso, Texas]]. [[El Paso–Juárez|El Paso and Ciudad Juárez]] comprise one of the largest bi-national metropolitan areas in the world with a combined population of 2.4 million people. In fact, Ciudad Juárez is one of the fastest growing cities in the world in spite of the fact that it is "the most violent zone in the world outside of declared war zones."<ref>http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/breaking/6679334.html</ref> For instance, a few years ago the [[Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas]] published that in Ciudad Juárez “the average annual growth over the 10-year period 1990-2000 was 5.3 percent. Juárez experienced much higher population growth than the state of Chihuahua and than Mexico as a whole.”<ref>http://www.dallasfed.org/research/busfront/bus0102.html</ref> There are four international ports of entry connecting Ciudad Juarez and El Paso, Texas, including the Bridge of the Americas, Ysleta International Bridge, Paso Del Norte Bridge, and Stanton Street Bridge, which combined were responsible for 22,958,472 crossings in 2008 <ref>http://www.elpasotexas.gov/econdev/_documents/Community%20Profile%202008.pdf</ref>. This makes Ciudad Juarez a major point of entry and transportation for all of central northern Mexico. The city has a growing industrial center which is made up in large part by the more than 300 ''[[maquiladora]]s'' (assembly plants) located in and around the city. According to a 2007 ''[[The New York Times]]'' article, Ciudad Juárez "is now absorbing more new industrial real estate space than any other North American city."<ref name=twocities/> In 2008, [[FDi magazine|FDi Magazine]] designated Ciudad Juárez "The City of the Future".<ref>http://www.gdi-solutions.com/fdi/2007awards/Mexico/ciudad_juarez.htm</ref> However, the city is also the site of widespread poverty and violence, including an infamous series of unsolved murders of female factory workers. The violence generated by the [[Mexican Drug War|narco-insurgency]] translated into some 6,000 killings in 2008. More than 1,600 of them occurred in Juárez, three times more than the most murderous city in the United States.<ref>Neighboring El Paso, Texas, with a population of 600,000, reported 10 homicides in 2009.</ref> And that number of killings increased to 2,600 in 2009.<ref name="usatoday/2010-07-02">{{Cite web|url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2010-07-02-mexico-drug-gang-arrest_N.htm|title=usatoday/2010-07-02|accessdate=2010-07-02}}</ref> In response, business groups in Juárez have called for [[United Nations|UN]] intervention <ref>http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/33876408/ns/world_news-americas/</ref> and because of the security situation the question was raised if it deserves the reputation of being "the most dangerous place in the world" <ref>[http://www.thestar.com/news/world/article/812757--ciudad-juarez-mexico-the-world-s-most-dangerous-place "Ciudad Juárez, Mexico: The world's most dangerous place? - A drug war has turned Ciudad Juárez into a bloodbath. What’s worse, the addition of thousands of police and soldiers has only made the Mexican city more lawless"]</ref> ==History== {{Copyedit-section|date=November 2009}} {{further information|[[History of El Paso, Texas]]}} <!-- This section is linked from [[List of capitals in the United States]] --> Ciudad Juárez was founded as ''El Paso del Norte'' ("North Pass")<!-- Do not write here! --> in 1659 by Spanish explorers, seeking a route through the southern [[Rocky Mountains]]. The [[Mission de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe]] was the first permanent Spanish development in the area; Native America population was already located there. The [[Jesuit]] friars established a community that grew in importance as commerce between Santa Fe and [[Chihuahua]] passed through it. The wood for the bridge across the Rio Grande first came from [[Santa Fe, New Mexico]] in the 1700s. The original population of [[suma]], [[jumano]] and immigrants brought by the Spanish as slaves from Central [[New Spain]] grew around the mission. In [[1648]] during the [[Pueblo Revolt]], some [[Tigua]] branch of the [[Pueblo]] established as refugees and a Mission was established for them in [[Ysleta del Paso del Norte]]. The population grew until around 1750, when the [[Apache]] attacked the other native towns around the missions. The 1848 [[Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo]] established the Rio Grande as the border between Mexico and the United States, separating the settlements on the north bank of the river from the rest of the town. Such settlements were in fact not adjoined to the town in that time, and as the military set its buildings the town grew around it. That would later become [[El Paso, Texas]]. From that time until around 1930 populations on both sides of the border could move freely across it. Ciudad Juárez and El Paso are one of the 14 pairs of [[Cross-border town naming]] along the U.S.–Mexico border. During the [[French intervention in Mexico]] (1862–1867), El Paso del Norte served as a temporary stop for [[Benito Juárez]]'s republican forces until he established his [[government-in-exile]] in [[Chihuahua, Chihuahua|Chihuahua]]. In 1888, El Paso del Norte was renamed in honor of Juárez. Juárez has grown substantially in recent decades due to a large influx of people rapidly moving into the city in search of jobs with the [[maquiladoras]]. Now more technological firms have been attracted like the largest [[Delphi Corporation]] Technical Center in the Western Hemisphere, which is located in Ciudad Juárez and employs more than 2,000 engineers. Large [[slum|slum housing]] communities called ''[[colonia (border settlement)|colonias]]'' have become extensive. [[File:Juarez Cathedrale et mission 24-02-2007.jpg|right|thumb|Juárez mission and cathedral.]] Juárez has gained further notoriety because of violence<ref name=bbc>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7682465.stm Human heads sent to Mexico police], ''BBC News'', October 21, 2008. Accessed March 5, 2009.</ref> and as a major center of [[drug trafficking|narcotics trafficking]] linked to the powerful [[Juárez Cartel]], and for more than 1000 unsolved [[Female homicides in Ciudad Juárez|murders of young women]] since 1993. Unfortunately, because of widely alleged police complicity (and perhaps even participation on the part of police and government officials and local elites), the serial murders continue and most of them remain "unsolved" despite the years that have gone by, though the number of homicides has fallen slightly since 2004 despite the increase of population. As a result of the murders, Juárez (along with the capital of the state, [[Chihuahua, Chihuahua|Chihuahua, Chih.]]) has become a center for protest against sexual violence throughout Mexico.<ref>Wright, Melissa. "Paradoxes, Protests, and the ''Mujeres de Negro'' of Northern Mexico." ''Gender, Place, and Culture'', 12.3 (2005): 177–192.</ref> Meanwhile, many continue working to maintain a positive image of Ciudad Juárez. Songs 'Juarez' by the music artist [[Tori Amos]] and '[[Invalid Litter Dept.]]' by [[At the Drive-In]] refer to Ciudad Juárez and the murders of women therein. A giant Mexican flag, [[bandera monumental]], was erected in Chamizal Park on June 26, 1997.<br style="clear:both;"> ==Climate== Ciudad Juárez has an [[arid climate]] because it is located in the [[Chihuahuan desert]]. Seasons are extremely well defined, hot summers, cold winters and cool springs and fall. Summer average high is {{convert|34|°C|°F|abbr=on}} with lows of {{convert|22|°C|°F|abbr=on}}, on the other hand winter high is {{convert|14|°C|°F|abbr=on}} with lows of {{convert|1|°C|°F|abbr=on}}. Because of the high altitude Ciudad Juárez is cooler than other desert cities in [[Mexico]]. Rainfall is very scarce but it is more prominent in the summer months. Snowfall is not a rare event—it normally snows once or twice every winter. The record high is {{convert|46|°C|°F|abbr=on}} and the record low is {{convert|-22|°C|°F|abbr=on}}. {{climate chart |Ciudad Juárez |1|14|11.4 |3|17|9.9 |7|21|6.6 |11|26|5.8 |16|31|9.7 |21|35|22.1 |22|34|37.8 |21|33|44.4 |18|31|40.9 |11|26|20.6 |4|19|10.7 |1|14|19.6 |source=[http://weather.uk.msn.com/monthly_averages.aspx?wealocations=wc:MXNL0068&q=Ciudad Juárez%2c+MEX+forecast:averagesm MSN Weather UK] (2009-01-07),[http://www.inegi.org.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/sistemas/cem06/info/nln/m039/c19039_01.xls INEGI, 2006 report] |float=right}} ==Demographics== The average annual growth in population over a 10-year period [1990–2000] was 5.3%.<ref name = "Business Frontier">{{cite journal |last=Coronado |first=Roberto|authorlink= |coauthors=Lucinda Vargas |year=2001 |month= |title=Economic Update on El Paso del Norte |journal=Business Frontier |volume= |issue=2 |pages= |id= |url=http://www.dallasfed.org/research/busfront/bus0102.pdf |accessdate=2008-09-15 |quote= }}</ref> According to the 2005 population census, the city had 1,301,452 inhabitants, while the municipality had 1,313,338 inhabitants. According to the 2009 census Ciudad Juárez is now larger than Tijuana, BC.<ref name="II Conteo">''II Conteo de población y vivienda 2005. [http://www.inegi.gob.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/sistemas/conteo2005/localidad/iter/zip/iter_08xls.zip Principales resultados por localidad, 2005. Chihuahua]'', Instituto Nacional de Estadística Geografía e Informática, 2000.</ref> During the last decades the city has received migrants from Mexico's interior, some figures state that 32% of the city's population originate outside the state of Chihuahua, mainly from the states of [[Durango]] (9.9%), [[Coahuila]] (6.3%), [[Veracruz]] (3.7%) and [[Zacatecas]] (3.5%), as well as from [[Mexico City]] (1.7%).<ref name = "Business Frontier" /> Though most new comers are Mexican, some also are immigrants from [[Central America]]n countries, such as [[Guatemala]], [[Honduras]] and [[Nicaragua]].{{Citation needed|date=March 2010}} However, a March 2009 Wall Street Journal article noted there has been a mass exodus of people who could afford to leave the city. The article quoted a city planning department estimate of over 116,000 abandoned homes, which could roughly be the equivalent of 400,000 people who have left the city due to the violence.<ref name="Wall Street Journal">[http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703580904575132004265333546.htmlCartel Wars Gut Juárez, a Onetime Boom Town], ''Wall Street Journal'', March 20, 2010. Accessed March 22, 2010.</ref> ==Cityscape== Neighborhoods of Ciudad Juárez include: * [[Campestre (Ciudad Juárez)|Campestre]] * [[Rivera del Bravo]] * Anapra ==Government== The city is governed by a municipal president and an eighteen seat council. The current president is José Reyes Ferriz, an affiliate of the [[Institutional Revolutionary Party]] (PRI). Three national parties are represented on the council: the PRI, the [[National Action Party (Mexico)|National Action Party]] and the [[New Alliance Party (Mexico)|New Alliance Party]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.juarez.gob.mx/cabildo/hacienda.php|title=Index of councilors|publisher=Gobierno Municipal de Juárez|language=Spanish|accessdate=22 November 2009}}</ref> On February 6, 2010 the governor of Chihuahua, [[José Reyes Baeza]] announced that he wished to move Chihuahua's state seat of government to the city, as a temporary measure to reduce crime.<ref name="universal">{{cite news|url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/656753.html|title=Trasladan Poderes de Chihuahua a Juárez|coauthors=staff|publisher=El Universal|language=Spanish|accessdate=10 February 2010|location=Chihuahua, Chihuahua}}</ref> ===Crime and safety=== Criminal activity in the domestic metropolitan area of Juárez has increased dramatically since the rise of [[maquiladora]]s and especially following the establishment of the [[North American Free Trade Agreement]] (NAFTA) in 1994{{Citation needed|date=June 2010}}, two factors which attracted both international commerce and many younger women and their families to Juárez in search of better economic opportunities. Violence towards women in the municipality has increased dramatically in the past twenty years;<ref name="femicide" /> since the early nineties there have been approximately 600 [[femicide]]s<ref name="Dudley">{{cite news|url=http://www.mysanantonio.com/news/Ciudad_Juarez_violence_surges_forth_unabated.html|title= Ciudad Juárez violence surges forth unabated|last=Althaus|first=Dudley|date=January 25, 2009|publisher=[[Express-News]]|accessdate=28 November 2009|location=Ciudad Juárez}}</ref> and at least 3000 missing women.<ref name="femicide">{{cite journal|last=Sarriya|first=Nidya|date=August 3, 2009|title=Femicides of Juárez: Violence Against Women in Mexico|publisher= [[Council on Hemispheric Affairs]]|url=http://www.commondreams.org/view/2009/08/03-8|accessdate=28 November 2009}}</ref> Escalating turf wars between the rival [[Juárez Cartel|Juárez]] and [[Sinaloa Cartel]]s have led to increasingly brutal violence in the city since the mid-2000s. The Juárez [[police department]] had a force of approximately 800 officers in September 2008, following the removal of a third of its human resources for various reasons. Recruitment goals set by the department called for the force to more than double.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.kfoxtv.com/news/17382955/detail.html|title=Juárez Police Department To Dismiss Third Of Force|last=Balderrama|first=Monica|date=September 10, 2008|publisher=[[KFOX-TV|KFOXTV.com]]|accessdate=28 November 2009}}</ref> Juárez Citizens Command threatened to take action to attempt to put a stop to all the perpetrators of violence while government officials expressed concern that such [[vigilantism]] would contribute to further instability and violence.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.elpasotimes.com/ci_11522345?source=most_viewed|title=Vigilante group sets deadline for Juárez|last=Borunda|first=Daniel|publisher=[[El Paso Times]]|language=January 22, 2009|accessdate=28 November 2009}}</ref> In response to the increasing violence in the city [[Mexican Armed Forces|the military]] and [[Federal Police (Mexico)|Federal Police]]'s presence had been increased almost twofold. As of March 2009 at least 4500 soldiers and federal police were in the city attempting to curtail mostly [[drug cartel]] related violence.<ref>Malone, Andrew. [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/worldnews/article-1158779/Thousands-Mexican-soldiers-pour-countrys-violent-city-crackdown-drug-gangs.html Thousands of Mexican soldiers pour into the country's most violent city in crackdown on drug gangs], ''Daily Mail'', March 4, 2009. Accessed March 5, 2009.</ref> By August 2009 there were more than 7500 federal troops augmented by an expanded and highly restaffed municipal force.<ref name="cnn4">{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/americas/08/31/mexico.juarez.mayor/index.html|title=Mayor of violence-torn Juarez: 'We're at turning point'|date=August 31, 2009|work=cnn.com/world|publisher=[[Cable News Network]]|accessdate=28 November 2009}}</ref> In the year leading up to August 2009 Juárez's murder rate was the highest reported in the world, exceeding the holders of the second and third highest rates, [[Caracas]] and [[New Orleans]] respectively, by more than 25%. The rate of 130 murders per 100,000 inhabitants is the same as Caracas' 2008 statistic for same period.<ref name="presstv">{{cite news|url=http://www.presstv.ir/detail.aspx?id=104593&sectionid=351020705|title= Mexican city world's murder capital|coauthors=NAT/AKM|date=August 27, 2009|publisher=[[Press TV]]|accessdate=28 November 2009}}</ref> Journalist [[Charles Bowden]], in an August 2008 [[GQ]] article, wrote that multiple factors, including drug violence, government corruption and poverty have led to a dispirited and disorderly atmosphere that now permeates the city.<ref name=bbc/><ref name="GQ">{{cite journal|last=Bowden|first=Chris |date=July 2008|title=Mexico's Red Days|journal=[[GQ]]|publisher=GQ.com, Conde Nast Digital|pages=1–6|url=http://www.gq.com/news-politics/big-issues/200807/juarez-mexico-border-murder-drug-war?currentPage=1|accessdate=November 27, 2009}} [http://www.gq.com/news-politics/big-issues/200807/juarez-mexico-border-murder-drug-war?currentPage=2 p.2], [http://www.gq.com/news-politics/big-issues/200807/juarez-mexico-border-murder-drug-war?currentPage=3 p.3], [http://www.gq.com/news-politics/big-issues/200807/juarez-mexico-border-murder-drug-war?currentPage=4 p.4], [http://www.gq.com/news-politics/big-issues/200807/juarez-mexico-border-murder-drug-war?currentPage=5 p.5], [http://www.gq.com/news-politics/big-issues/200807/juarez-mexico-border-murder-drug-war?currentPage=6 p.6]</ref> ====Drug cartel violence==== {{Further information|[[Mexican Drug War]] and [[Juárez Cartel]]}} The body count in Mexico stood at 5,400 slayings in 2008, more than double the 2,477 reported in 2007, officials said, with over 1400 in Ciudad Juárez alone.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/americas/01/06/mexico.violence/index.html | work=CNN | title=Body count starts anew in Mexico after record 2008 toll - CNN.com | date=January 6, 2009 | accessdate=April 30, 2010}}</ref><ref>http://www.laht.com/article.asp?ArticleId=322059&CategoryId=14091</ref> The population of Ciudad Juárez had to change their daily routine and many try to stay home in the evening hours. Public life is almost paralyzed out of fear of being kidnapped or hit by a stray bullet. On 20 February 2009, the [[United States Department of State|U.S. State Department]] announced in an updated travel alert that "Mexican authorities report that more than 1,800 people have been killed in the city since January 2008." <ref>{{cite web |url=http://travel.state.gov/travel/cis_pa_tw/pa/pa_3028.html |title=Travel Alert |publisher=[[United States Department of State|U.S. Department of State]] |date=2009-02-20 |accessdate=2009-02-23}}</ref> On 12 March 2009, police found "at least seven" partially buried bodies in the outskirts of the city, close to the US-Mexican border. Five severed heads were discovered in ice boxes, along with notes to rivals in the drug-wars. Beheadings, attacks on the police and shootings are common in some regions.<ref>{{cite news | title = Bodies exhumed near Mexican city |work=BBC News |location=London | accessdate = 2009-03-15 | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/7944427.stm | date=2009-03-15}}</ref> In September 2009, 18 patients at a drug rehabilitation clinic called El Aliviane were massacred in a turf battle.<ref>{{cite news | last = Ellingwood | first = Ken | title = Juárez massacre chillingly routine | work = Los Angeles Times | date = 2009-09-04 | pages = A1, A34 | url = http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-mexico-rehab-attack4-2009sep04,0,5425770.story | accessdate = 2009-09-06}}</ref> Patients were lined up in the corridor and gunned down in the early evening. On September 3, 2009 the Associated Press reported that the day before gunmen broke down the door of the El Aliviane drug rehabilitation center and lined their victims up to a wall shooting 17 dead. The authorities had no immediate suspects or information on the victims. Plagued by corruption and the assassination of many of its officers, the government is struggling to maintain Ciudad Juárez's police force. Other police have quit the force out of fear of being targeted.<ref>http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20090903/ap_on_re_la_am_ca/lt_drug_war_mexico</ref> In late 2008 one murder victim was found near a school hanging from a fence with a pig's mask on his face and another one was found beheaded hanging from a bridge in one of the busier streets of the city.<ref>http://www.diario.com.mx/nota.php?notaid=89fb7fc61f65ba9b3163a1172bb90852</ref> ====Female sexual homicides==== {{Main|Female homicides in Ciudad Juárez}} [[File:Cruces Lomas del Poleo.jpg|right|thumb|Crosses erected as a monument to victims of the Juárez homicides.]] Over the past 10 years Juárez has seen over 400 women fall victims to [[Female homicides in Ciudad Juárez|sexual homicides]], their bodies often dumped in ditches or vacant lots. In addition, grassroots organizations in the region report that 40 remain missing. Despite pressure to catch the killers and a roundup of some suspects, few believe the true culprits have been found. A 2007 book called ''The Daughters of Juárez'', by Teresa Rodriguez,<ref>http://www.amazon.com/Daughters-Juárez-Serial-Murder-Border/dp/0743292030</ref> implicates high-level police and prominent Juárez citizens in the crimes. This topic is also discussed in the 2006 book "The Harvest of Women" by journalist Diana Washington Valdez,<ref>http://www.amazon.com/Killing-Fields-Harvest-Women/dp/0615140084/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1230485886&sr=8-2</ref> and in the novel ''[[2666]]'' by [[Roberto Bolaño]], in which Ciudad Juárez is fictionalized as "Santa Teresa", a border city in [[Sonora]]. <!-- ===Corruption=== ===Poverty=== ==Infrastructure== ===Utilities=== ===Sanitation=== ===Health care=== --> ==Economy== The El Paso Regional Economic Development Corporation indicated that Ciudad Juárez is the metropolis absorbing “more new industrial real estate space than any other North American city.”<ref>2 Cities and 4 Bridges Where Commerce Flows, The New York Times, March 28, 2007.[http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/28/realestate/commercial/28juarez.html]</ref> The Financial Times Group through its publication The Foreign Direct Investment Magazine ranked Ciudad Juárez as the “City of the Future” for 2007–2008.<ref>http://www.fdimagazine.com/news/fullstory.php/aid/1974/North_American_Cities_of_the_Future_2007_08.html</ref> The Ciudad Juárez-El Paso area is a major manufacturing center. ADC Telecommunications, Electrolux, Bosch, Foxconn, Flextronics, Lexmark, Delphi, Visteon, Johnson Controls, Lear, Boeing, Cardinal Health, Yazaki, Sumitomo, and Siemens are some of the foreign companies that have chosen Ciudad Juárez for their business operation.<ref>http://www.industrytoday.com/article_view.asp?ArticleID=F289</ref> The Mexican state of Chihuahua is frequently among the top five states in Mexico with the most foreign investment.<ref>Mexico's Maquila Online Directory 2008, Fifth edition, page 7, Servicio Internacional de Información.</ref> Many foreign retail, banking, and fast-food entities have locations within Juarez, with examples including [[Sears]], [[Starbucks]], [[Wendy's]], [[Denny's]], [[McDonald's]], [[Scotiabank]], and [[HSBC]]. ==Transportation== The city is served by [[Abraham Gonzalez International Airport]], with flights to several Mexican cities. Nearby [[El Paso Airport]] handles flights to cities within the United States. ==Education== According to the latest estimates, literacy rate in the city is among the highest of the country: 97.3% of people above 15 years old are able to read and write.<ref name = "Business Frontier" /> Juárez has three public and two private universities. The ''[[Instituto Tecnológico de Ciudad Juárez]]'' (ITCJ), founded in 1964, became the first public institution of higher education in the city. The [[Autonomous University of Ciudad Juárez]] (UACJ), founded in 1968, is the largest university in the city and has been ranked among the best universities of the country. It has several locations inside of the city like the Faculty of Biomedicine, the Social Sciences Center, the Arts and Engineering Center and spaces for Fine Arts and Sports. This latter service is considered among the best because it recluses nearly 30,000 participants in sports like swimming, racquetball, basketball and gymnastics and arts like Classical Ballet, Drama, Modern Dance, Hawaiian and Polynesian Dances, Folkloric Dances, Music and Flamenco. The Faculty of Political and Social Sciences of the [[Autonomous University of Chihuahua]] (''Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua'', UACH) which has delivered 70% of the city's media and news crew, is located in the city. The local campuses of the [[Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education]] (ITESM) and the Autonomous University of Durango (UAD) are private universities. The Monterrey Institute of Technology opened its campus in 1983 and it is preferred among the upper and middle classes of the city. It is ranked as "third best" among other campuses of the institution, after the Garza Sada campus in Monterrey and the Santa Fe campus in Mexico City. Overall, the city offers a wide range of schools for every type of income and need. The city is widely recognized for its excellence in education, especially the one offered by the private sector. The main institutions in Ciudad Juárez are the Instituto Latinoamericano, a Catholic school directed from Spain, one of the colleges managed by the company founded by Spanish mystic Teresa de Avila, by direct order of the [[Pope]] to revert the effects of [[Protestantism]] in Spain; The Colegio Iberoamericano, The Middle School and High School of the [[ITESM]], the Teresa de Avila, the Instituto Mexico. Despite this, many people choose to study in the neighbor city of [[El Paso]], some for convenience. ==Media== ===Newspapers=== Juárez has five local newspapers: ''El Diario'', ''El Norte'', ''El Mexicano'', ''El PM'' and ''Hoy''. ===Broadcasters=== There are 16 [[terrestrial television|over the air]] TV channel signals in the city: [http://www.juareztv.com/canales/] {| border="1" cellpadding="1" class="wikitable sortable" style="width:60%" !width="7%"|Channel !width="35%"|Name !width="10%"|Affiliate !width="19%"|Country !width="15%"|Language !width="7%"|Local !width="7%"|National |- |2 |[[Canal 56|Tu Canal]] |[[Canal 56|XHJUB]] |{{flag|Mexico}} |Spanish |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |4 |[[CBS]] |[[KDBC]] |{{flag|United States}} |English |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |5 |Canal 5 |XEJTV |{{flag|Mexico}} |Spanish |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |7 |[[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] |[[KVIA]] |{{flag|United States}} |English |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |9 |[[NBC]] |[[KTSM-TV|KTSM]] |{{flag|United States}} |English |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |11 |[[XHDF|Azteca 13]] |XHCJE |{{flag|Mexico}} |Spanish |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |13 |[[PBS]] |[[KCOS (TV)|KCOS]] |{{flag|United States}} |English |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |14 |[[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] |[[KFOX-TV]] |{{flag|United States}} |English |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |20 |[[Azteca 7]] |XHCJH |{{flag|Mexico}} |Spanish |{{n}} |{{y}} |- |26 |[[Univision]] |[[KINT-TV]] |{{flag|United States}} |Spanish |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |32 |[[XEW-TV|Canal de las Estrellas]] |[[XEW-TV]] |{{flag|Mexico}} |Spanish |{{n}} |{{y}} |- |40 |[[Multimedios]] |K40FW |{{flag|Mexico}} |Spanish |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |44 |Canal 44 |XHIJ |{{flag|Mexico}} |Spanish |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |48 |[[Telemundo]] |[[KTDO]] |{{flag|United States}} |Spanish |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |56 |[[Canal 5]] |[[XHGC]] |{{flag|Mexico}} |Spanish |{{n}} |{{y}} |- |65 |[[TeleFutura]] |[[KTFN]] |{{flag|United States}} |Spanish |{{n}} |{{y}} |} There are three paid television signals available and 24 radio station signals in [[AM broadcasting|AM]] and 21 in [[FM broadcasting|FM]]. ==Culture== {{Unreferenced section|date=November 2009}} ===Sport=== Like in most of Mexico, [[soccer]] is the most popular sport in Juárez. The local soccer team is ''[[Indios de Ciudad Juárez]]'', which entered the [[Primera División de México|Mexican First Division]] for the first time in 2008. [[Baseball]], [[basketball]], [[tennis]], and [[American football]] are also popular, most of which are played at the high schools and university level. The Indios rent the stadium [[Estadio Olímpico Benito Juárez]]. Juárez has 2 large stadiums: ''Estadio Olímpico Benito Juárez'' and ''Estadio 20 de Noviembre'', and smaller ones for baseball and different activities. Mountain biking is also popular, with the [[Chupacabras (race)|Chupacabras 100 km]] race held annually in Juárez. Very near the [[Bridge of the Americas (El Paso-Ciudad Juárez)|Cordova International Bridge]] is a large combination [[bmx]] and [[skatepark]], ''Parque Extremo''. This park features a {{convert|20000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} concrete area with multiple ramps, rails, boxes, etc, and a {{convert|7000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} dirt area with ramps and tracks for bmx riding. It is much larger than the skate parks in nearby cities [[El Paso, Texas]], and [[Las Cruces, New Mexico]]. Ciudad Juárez served as the host of the CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament in 2008. ===In film and other media=== {{Cleanup-laundry|date=December 2009}} * ''[[Brokeback Mountain]]'' (2005) shows [[Jake Gyllenhaal]]'s character [[Jack Twist]] going to Mexico to see a male prostitute. The sign on the road reads "Juarez". * ''[[The Day After Tomorrow]]'' (2004) shows American people crossing the Rio Grande to Mexico (Juarez). * Two novels by [[Chile]]an-born author [[Roberto Bolaño]], ''[[The Savage Detectives]]'' and ''[[2666 (novel)|2666]]'', take place in Juárez, named "Santa Teresa" in the novels. * ''The Virgin of Juarez'' (2006) *''[[Bordertown (2007 film)|Bordertown]] ''(2007) (The film was not actually filmed in Juárez). * Juárez is where [[Marilyn Monroe]] divorced her third husband, [[Arthur Miller]]. * The [[At the Drive-In]] music video for "[[Invalid Litter Dept.]]" features articles and captions about the [[Female homicides in Ciudad Juárez|hundreds of unsolved homicides and rapes]] in Juárez. * [[Cormac McCarthy]]'s novel ''[[Cities of the Plain]]''. * The final portion of the video game [[Call of Juarez]] takes place in the desert outside of the city sometime between the [[American Old West]] era of 1865 through 1890. * The local soccer team appeared for the first time in the videogame [[FIFA 09]]. *The video game [[H.A.W.X]] features Juárez prominently in its first level. *American film actor [[Steve McQueen]] died in a Juarez hospital after undergoing treatment for cancer. === Songs about Ciudad Juarez === *"Juarez" performed by [[Better Than Ezra]] *"Juarez es el #1" performed by [[Juan Gabriel]] *"Arriba Juarez" performed by [[Juan Gabriel]] *"Ciudad Juarez" performed by Maria Barracuda *"Ciudad de Bajas Pasiones" performed by [[Enrique Bunbury]] *"[[Just Like Tom Thumb's Blues]]" performed by [[Bob Dylan]] *"Juarez" performed by [[Tori Amos]] *"When Sinatra Played Juarez" performed by [[Tom Russell]] *"Hands on the Radio" performed by [[Chris Garneau]] *"[[Invalid Litter Dept.]]" performed by [[At the Drive-in]] *"Ciudad Juárez" by Peter Loveday *"En Juarez" by Diana Gameros ==Places of interest== [[File:Rio Bravo night.jpg|right|thumb|Rio Bravo at night.]] * Antigua Presidencia Municipal: (Old City Hall) Built in the 19th century, using volcanic materials and adobe, with originally fine woods. Site to many historic events. * Mission de Guadalupe: The oldest standing building in Juárez, from the 17th century. Continuously used by the Catholic Church. * Auditorio Civico Benito Juárez: The local theater for the arts. * Auditorio Municipal: The new state of the art theater built behind the UACJ Med School. * Zona Pronaf: Bars, museums, shops, restaurants, entertainment. In the Zona Pronaf, one can find bars such as La Mulata, Cafe Dali, Don Quintin, San Martin, The News, Ole Bar Chamucos, among others. * Estadio Olímpico Benito Juárez: Home of the local soccer team Los Indios (The Indians). * Avenida Juárez: Bars and shops. * Parque Chamizal: Green area of the city, that consist of a park of over {{convert|40|acre|ha|0}} with jogging trails, swings and recreational areas, which was once shared by El Paso and Juárez, was given back to Mexico by J.F.K in the early 1960s. * [[Museo del Concorde]]: A place to see original parts of the airliner. * Centro Cívico Paso del Norte (Opened on December 2006 and has been home of the Festival Internacional Chihuahua since). * Misiones, Galerias Tec, Plaza Juárez and Rio Grande shopping malls. * Parque Central: (Central Park) A family-oriented recreational area located {{convert|10|mi|km|-1}} south of the US-Mexico border. * Parque Xtremo: The largest extreme park in [[Latin America]]. * Cibeles: Convention Center ==Notable natives and residents== *[[Juan Acevedo]], professional baseball player *[[Miguel Aceves Mejía]], singer and actor *[[Elizabeth Alvarez]], actress *[[Norma Andrade]], a founding member of [[Nuestras Hijas de Regreso a Casa A.C.]] *[[Antonio Attolini Lack]], architect *[[Liliana Domínguez]], fashion model *[[Lince Dorado]], wrestler *[[Abelardo Escobar Prieto]], politician *[[Fishman (wrestler)|Fishman]], wrestler *[[Julio Daniel Frías]], soccer player *[[Gory Guerrero]], wrestler *[[Vanessa Guzmán]], [[Nuestra Belleza Mexico]] 1996 and actress *[[Juan Gabriel]], singer *[[Johnny "J"]], rapper *[[Paco Lala's]], television host *[[Francisco Martínez]], basketball player *[[Karla Martínez]], co-host of [[Despierta America]] *[[Lilia Merodio Reza]], politician *[[Guadalupe Miranda]], former mayor *[[Luis Montes]], soccer player *[[Kitten Natividad]], former adult film actress *[[Ivonne Soto]], fashion model *[[German Valdes]], actor *[[Manuel Valdes|Manuel "El Loco" Valdes]], comedian *[[Ramon Valdes]], actor *[[Tito Larriva]], musician ==References== {{Reflist|2}} ==External links== {{Portal|Mexico}} {{Commons category|Ciudad Juárez}} * [http://www.juarez.gob.mx/ Official webpage of Juárez] *{{es icon}} [http://www.chihuahua.com.mx Secretariat of Industrial Development of Chihuahua State Government] *[http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1532607 2003 NPR article about the murders of Juárez women] *[http://borderstories.org/index.php/ciudad-juarez-the-war-on-news.html Border Stories video on a threatened Juarez journalist] *[http://www.nytimes.com/1984/05/01/science/nuclear-spill-at-juarez-looms-as-one-of-worst.html?&pagewanted=all NY Times report on the nuclear accident] * [http://www.ciudadjuarez.org.mx Ciudad Juárez] {{Chihuahua}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciudad Juarez}} [[Category:Populated places in Chihuahua]] [[Category:Ciudad Juárez]] [[Category:Conflicts in 2009]] [[Category:Conflicts in 2010]] [[Category:Mexico – United States border crossings]] [[Category:Populated places established in 1659]] [[Category:Urban warfare]] [[Category:Mexico – United States border towns]] [[ar:سيوداد خواريز]] [[zh-min-nan:Ciudad Juárez]] [[bs:Ciudad Juárez]] [[bg:Сиудад Хуарес]] [[ca:Ciudad Juárez]] [[cs:Ciudad Juárez]] [[cbk-zam:Ciudad Juárez]] [[da:Ciudad Juárez]] [[de:Ciudad Juárez]] [[es:Ciudad Juárez]] [[eo:Ciudad Juárez]] [[fr:Ciudad Juárez]] [[ko:시우다드후아레스]] [[it:Ciudad Juárez]] [[he:סיודאד חוארס]] [[ka:სიუდად-ხუარესი]] [[sw:Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua]] [[lt:Siudad Chuaresas]] [[lmo:Ciudad Juárez]] [[mr:सिउदाद हुआरेझ]] [[nah:Āltepētl Juárez]] [[nl:Ciudad Juárez]] [[ja:シウダー・フアレス]] [[no:Ciudad Juárez]] [[nn:Ciudad Juárez]] [[pl:Ciudad Juárez]] [[pt:Ciudad Juárez]] [[ro:Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua]] [[ru:Сьюдад-Хуарес]] [[simple:Ciudad Juárez]] [[sr:Сјудад Хуарез]] [[fi:Ciudad Juárez]] [[sv:Juárez]] [[tl:Lungsod Juárez]] [[tr:Ciudad Juarez]] [[vo:Ciudad Juárez]] [[war:Ciudad Juárez]] [[zh:華雷斯城]]'
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'{{Lead rewrite|date=February 2010}} {{POV-check|date=May 2009}} {{Infobox settlement |official_name = Ciudad Juárez |native_name = Juárez |nickname = Gateway of Mexico, El Paso del Norte, Juaritos |image_seal = Coat of arms of Ciudad Juárez.svg |image_map = |pushpin_map = |coordinates_region = |subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]] |subdivision_name = {{flag|Mexico}} |subdivision_type1 = [[Political divisions of Mexico|State]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]] |subdivision_type2 = Municipality |subdivision_name2 = [[Juárez (Municipality of Chihuahua)|Juárez]] |leader_title = [[Municipal president of Juárez|Municipal president]] |leader_name = [[José Reyes Ferriz]]<br>({{PRI party}}) |leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |established_title = Foundation |established_date = 1659 |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 = 188 |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_km2 = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |population_as_of = 2005 |population_note = |population_total = 1,400,891 |population_density_km2 = 7452 |population_density_sq_mi = 19290 |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_blank1_title =[[Demonym]] |population_blank1 =Juarense |timezone = [[Mountain Standard Time]] |utc_offset = -7 |timezone_DST = [[Mountain Daylight Time]] |utc_offset_DST = -6 |latd = 31|latm=44|lats=22|latNS=N |longd = 106|longm=29|longs=13| longEW=W|coordinates_display=d |elevation_m = 1120 |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type = |postal_code = 32000 |area_code = [[Area codes in Mexico|+52 656]] |website = http://www.juarez.gob.mx |footnotes = }} '''Ciudad Juárez''' ({{IPA-es|sjuˈðað ˈxwaɾes}}), also known as '''Juárez''' and formerly known as '''El Paso del Norte''', is a city and seat of the [[Juárez (Municipality of Chihuahua)|municipality of Juárez]] in the [[Mexican state]] of [[Chihuahua]]. Juárez has an estimated population of 1.5 million people.<ref name=twocities>{{cite news |last=Chamberlain |first=Lisa|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/28/realestate/commercial/28juarez.html?_r=1&scp=1&sq=Where+commerce+flows&st=nyt |title=2 Cities and 4 Bridges Where Commerce Flows |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=March 28, 2007. |accessdate=March 5, 2009.}}</ref> The city lies on the [[Rio Grande|Rio Grande (Río Bravo del Norte)]], across from [[El Paso, Texas]]. [[El Paso–Juárez|El Paso and Ciudad Juárez]] comprise one of the largest bi-national metropolitan areas in the world with a combined population of 2.4 million people. In fact, Ciudad Juárez is one of the fastest growing cities in the world in spite of the fact that it is "the most violent zone in the world outside of declared war zones."<ref>http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/breaking/6679334.html</ref> For instance, a few years ago the [[Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas]] published that in Ciudad Juárez “the average annual growth over the 10-year period 1990-2000 was 5.3 percent. Juárez experienced much higher population growth than the state of Chihuahua and than Mexico as a whole.”<ref>http://www.dallasfed.org/research/busfront/bus0102.html</ref> There are four international ports of entry connecting Ciudad Juarez and El Paso, Texas, including the Bridge of the Americas, Ysleta International Bridge, Paso Del Norte Bridge, and Stanton Street Bridge, which combined were responsible for 22,958,472 crossings in 2008 <ref>http://www.elpasotexas.gov/econdev/_documents/Community%20Profile%202008.pdf</ref>. This makes Ciudad Juarez a major point of entry and transportation for all of central northern Mexico. The city has a growing industrial center which is made up in large part by the more than 300 ''[[maquiladora]]s'' (assembly plants) located in and around the city. According to a 2007 ''[[The New York Times]]'' article, Ciudad Juárez "is now absorbing more new industrial real estate space than any other North American city."<ref name=twocities/> In 2008, [[FDi magazine|FDi Magazine]] designated Ciudad Juárez "The City of the Future".<ref>http://www.gdi-solutions.com/fdi/2007awards/Mexico/ciudad_juarez.htm</ref> However, the city is also the site of widespread poverty and violence, including an infamous series of unsolved murders of female factory workers. The violence generated by the [[Mexican Drug War|narco-insurgency]] translated into some 6,000 killings in 2008. More than 1,600 of them occurred in Juárez, three times more than the most murderous city in the United States.<ref>Neighboring El Paso, Texas, with a population of 600,000, reported 10 homicides in 2009.</ref> And that number of killings increased to 2,600 in 2009.<ref name="usatoday/2010-07-02">{{Cite web|url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2010-07-02-mexico-drug-gang-arrest_N.htm|title=usatoday/2010-07-02|accessdate=2010-07-02}}</ref> In response, business groups in Juárez have called for [[United Nations|UN]] intervention <ref>http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/33876408/ns/world_news-americas/</ref> and because of the security situation the question was raised if it deserves the reputation of being "the most dangerous place in the world" <ref>[http://www.thestar.com/news/world/article/812757--ciudad-juarez-mexico-the-world-s-most-dangerous-place "Ciudad Juárez, Mexico: The world's most dangerous place? - A drug war has turned Ciudad Juárez into a bloodbath. What’s worse, the addition of thousands of police and soldiers has only made the Mexican city more lawless"]</ref> THIS IS NOT THE CORRECT INFORMATION THE ACTUAL NAME IS NOT JUAREZ BUT THE NAME IS JURAZ ==Climate== Ciudad Juárez has an [[arid climate]] because it is located in the [[Chihuahuan desert]]. Seasons are extremely well defined, hot summers, cold winters and cool springs and fall. Summer average high is {{convert|34|°C|°F|abbr=on}} with lows of {{convert|22|°C|°F|abbr=on}}, on the other hand winter high is {{convert|14|°C|°F|abbr=on}} with lows of {{convert|1|°C|°F|abbr=on}}. Because of the high altitude Ciudad Juárez is cooler than other desert cities in [[Mexico]]. Rainfall is very scarce but it is more prominent in the summer months. Snowfall is not a rare event—it normally snows once or twice every winter. The record high is {{convert|46|°C|°F|abbr=on}} and the record low is {{convert|-22|°C|°F|abbr=on}}. {{climate chart |Ciudad Juárez |1|14|11.4 |3|17|9.9 |7|21|6.6 |11|26|5.8 |16|31|9.7 |21|35|22.1 |22|34|37.8 |21|33|44.4 |18|31|40.9 |11|26|20.6 |4|19|10.7 |1|14|19.6 |source=[http://weather.uk.msn.com/monthly_averages.aspx?wealocations=wc:MXNL0068&q=Ciudad Juárez%2c+MEX+forecast:averagesm MSN Weather UK] (2009-01-07),[http://www.inegi.org.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/sistemas/cem06/info/nln/m039/c19039_01.xls INEGI, 2006 report] |float=right}} ==Demographics== The average annual growth in population over a 10-year period [1990–2000] was 5.3%.<ref name = "Business Frontier">{{cite journal |last=Coronado |first=Roberto|authorlink= |coauthors=Lucinda Vargas |year=2001 |month= |title=Economic Update on El Paso del Norte |journal=Business Frontier |volume= |issue=2 |pages= |id= |url=http://www.dallasfed.org/research/busfront/bus0102.pdf |accessdate=2008-09-15 |quote= }}</ref> According to the 2005 population census, the city had 1,301,452 inhabitants, while the municipality had 1,313,338 inhabitants. According to the 2009 census Ciudad Juárez is now larger than Tijuana, BC.<ref name="II Conteo">''II Conteo de población y vivienda 2005. [http://www.inegi.gob.mx/est/contenidos/espanol/sistemas/conteo2005/localidad/iter/zip/iter_08xls.zip Principales resultados por localidad, 2005. Chihuahua]'', Instituto Nacional de Estadística Geografía e Informática, 2000.</ref> During the last decades the city has received migrants from Mexico's interior, some figures state that 32% of the city's population originate outside the state of Chihuahua, mainly from the states of [[Durango]] (9.9%), [[Coahuila]] (6.3%), [[Veracruz]] (3.7%) and [[Zacatecas]] (3.5%), as well as from [[Mexico City]] (1.7%).<ref name = "Business Frontier" /> Though most new comers are Mexican, some also are immigrants from [[Central America]]n countries, such as [[Guatemala]], [[Honduras]] and [[Nicaragua]].{{Citation needed|date=March 2010}} However, a March 2009 Wall Street Journal article noted there has been a mass exodus of people who could afford to leave the city. The article quoted a city planning department estimate of over 116,000 abandoned homes, which could roughly be the equivalent of 400,000 people who have left the city due to the violence.<ref name="Wall Street Journal">[http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748703580904575132004265333546.htmlCartel Wars Gut Juárez, a Onetime Boom Town], ''Wall Street Journal'', March 20, 2010. Accessed March 22, 2010.</ref> ==Cityscape== Neighborhoods of Ciudad Juárez include: * [[Campestre (Ciudad Juárez)|Campestre]] * [[Rivera del Bravo]] * Anapra ==Government== The city is governed by a municipal president and an eighteen seat council. The current president is José Reyes Ferriz, an affiliate of the [[Institutional Revolutionary Party]] (PRI). Three national parties are represented on the council: the PRI, the [[National Action Party (Mexico)|National Action Party]] and the [[New Alliance Party (Mexico)|New Alliance Party]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.juarez.gob.mx/cabildo/hacienda.php|title=Index of councilors|publisher=Gobierno Municipal de Juárez|language=Spanish|accessdate=22 November 2009}}</ref> On February 6, 2010 the governor of Chihuahua, [[José Reyes Baeza]] announced that he wished to move Chihuahua's state seat of government to the city, as a temporary measure to reduce crime.<ref name="universal">{{cite news|url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/656753.html|title=Trasladan Poderes de Chihuahua a Juárez|coauthors=staff|publisher=El Universal|language=Spanish|accessdate=10 February 2010|location=Chihuahua, Chihuahua}}</ref> ===Crime and safety=== Criminal activity in the domestic metropolitan area of Juárez has increased dramatically since the rise of [[maquiladora]]s and especially following the establishment of the [[North American Free Trade Agreement]] (NAFTA) in 1994{{Citation needed|date=June 2010}}, two factors which attracted both international commerce and many younger women and their families to Juárez in search of better economic opportunities. Violence towards women in the municipality has increased dramatically in the past twenty years;<ref name="femicide" /> since the early nineties there have been approximately 600 [[femicide]]s<ref name="Dudley">{{cite news|url=http://www.mysanantonio.com/news/Ciudad_Juarez_violence_surges_forth_unabated.html|title= Ciudad Juárez violence surges forth unabated|last=Althaus|first=Dudley|date=January 25, 2009|publisher=[[Express-News]]|accessdate=28 November 2009|location=Ciudad Juárez}}</ref> and at least 3000 missing women.<ref name="femicide">{{cite journal|last=Sarriya|first=Nidya|date=August 3, 2009|title=Femicides of Juárez: Violence Against Women in Mexico|publisher= [[Council on Hemispheric Affairs]]|url=http://www.commondreams.org/view/2009/08/03-8|accessdate=28 November 2009}}</ref> Escalating turf wars between the rival [[Juárez Cartel|Juárez]] and [[Sinaloa Cartel]]s have led to increasingly brutal violence in the city since the mid-2000s. The Juárez [[police department]] had a force of approximately 800 officers in September 2008, following the removal of a third of its human resources for various reasons. Recruitment goals set by the department called for the force to more than double.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.kfoxtv.com/news/17382955/detail.html|title=Juárez Police Department To Dismiss Third Of Force|last=Balderrama|first=Monica|date=September 10, 2008|publisher=[[KFOX-TV|KFOXTV.com]]|accessdate=28 November 2009}}</ref> Juárez Citizens Command threatened to take action to attempt to put a stop to all the perpetrators of violence while government officials expressed concern that such [[vigilantism]] would contribute to further instability and violence.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.elpasotimes.com/ci_11522345?source=most_viewed|title=Vigilante group sets deadline for Juárez|last=Borunda|first=Daniel|publisher=[[El Paso Times]]|language=January 22, 2009|accessdate=28 November 2009}}</ref> In response to the increasing violence in the city [[Mexican Armed Forces|the military]] and [[Federal Police (Mexico)|Federal Police]]'s presence had been increased almost twofold. As of March 2009 at least 4500 soldiers and federal police were in the city attempting to curtail mostly [[drug cartel]] related violence.<ref>Malone, Andrew. [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/worldnews/article-1158779/Thousands-Mexican-soldiers-pour-countrys-violent-city-crackdown-drug-gangs.html Thousands of Mexican soldiers pour into the country's most violent city in crackdown on drug gangs], ''Daily Mail'', March 4, 2009. Accessed March 5, 2009.</ref> By August 2009 there were more than 7500 federal troops augmented by an expanded and highly restaffed municipal force.<ref name="cnn4">{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/americas/08/31/mexico.juarez.mayor/index.html|title=Mayor of violence-torn Juarez: 'We're at turning point'|date=August 31, 2009|work=cnn.com/world|publisher=[[Cable News Network]]|accessdate=28 November 2009}}</ref> In the year leading up to August 2009 Juárez's murder rate was the highest reported in the world, exceeding the holders of the second and third highest rates, [[Caracas]] and [[New Orleans]] respectively, by more than 25%. The rate of 130 murders per 100,000 inhabitants is the same as Caracas' 2008 statistic for same period.<ref name="presstv">{{cite news|url=http://www.presstv.ir/detail.aspx?id=104593&sectionid=351020705|title= Mexican city world's murder capital|coauthors=NAT/AKM|date=August 27, 2009|publisher=[[Press TV]]|accessdate=28 November 2009}}</ref> Journalist [[Charles Bowden]], in an August 2008 [[GQ]] article, wrote that multiple factors, including drug violence, government corruption and poverty have led to a dispirited and disorderly atmosphere that now permeates the city.<ref name=bbc/><ref name="GQ">{{cite journal|last=Bowden|first=Chris |date=July 2008|title=Mexico's Red Days|journal=[[GQ]]|publisher=GQ.com, Conde Nast Digital|pages=1–6|url=http://www.gq.com/news-politics/big-issues/200807/juarez-mexico-border-murder-drug-war?currentPage=1|accessdate=November 27, 2009}} [http://www.gq.com/news-politics/big-issues/200807/juarez-mexico-border-murder-drug-war?currentPage=2 p.2], [http://www.gq.com/news-politics/big-issues/200807/juarez-mexico-border-murder-drug-war?currentPage=3 p.3], [http://www.gq.com/news-politics/big-issues/200807/juarez-mexico-border-murder-drug-war?currentPage=4 p.4], [http://www.gq.com/news-politics/big-issues/200807/juarez-mexico-border-murder-drug-war?currentPage=5 p.5], [http://www.gq.com/news-politics/big-issues/200807/juarez-mexico-border-murder-drug-war?currentPage=6 p.6]</ref> ====Drug cartel violence==== {{Further information|[[Mexican Drug War]] and [[Juárez Cartel]]}} The body count in Mexico stood at 5,400 slayings in 2008, more than double the 2,477 reported in 2007, officials said, with over 1400 in Ciudad Juárez alone.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/americas/01/06/mexico.violence/index.html | work=CNN | title=Body count starts anew in Mexico after record 2008 toll - CNN.com | date=January 6, 2009 | accessdate=April 30, 2010}}</ref><ref>http://www.laht.com/article.asp?ArticleId=322059&CategoryId=14091</ref> The population of Ciudad Juárez had to change their daily routine and many try to stay home in the evening hours. Public life is almost paralyzed out of fear of being kidnapped or hit by a stray bullet. On 20 February 2009, the [[United States Department of State|U.S. State Department]] announced in an updated travel alert that "Mexican authorities report that more than 1,800 people have been killed in the city since January 2008." <ref>{{cite web |url=http://travel.state.gov/travel/cis_pa_tw/pa/pa_3028.html |title=Travel Alert |publisher=[[United States Department of State|U.S. Department of State]] |date=2009-02-20 |accessdate=2009-02-23}}</ref> On 12 March 2009, police found "at least seven" partially buried bodies in the outskirts of the city, close to the US-Mexican border. Five severed heads were discovered in ice boxes, along with notes to rivals in the drug-wars. Beheadings, attacks on the police and shootings are common in some regions.<ref>{{cite news | title = Bodies exhumed near Mexican city |work=BBC News |location=London | accessdate = 2009-03-15 | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/7944427.stm | date=2009-03-15}}</ref> In September 2009, 18 patients at a drug rehabilitation clinic called El Aliviane were massacred in a turf battle.<ref>{{cite news | last = Ellingwood | first = Ken | title = Juárez massacre chillingly routine | work = Los Angeles Times | date = 2009-09-04 | pages = A1, A34 | url = http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-mexico-rehab-attack4-2009sep04,0,5425770.story | accessdate = 2009-09-06}}</ref> Patients were lined up in the corridor and gunned down in the early evening. On September 3, 2009 the Associated Press reported that the day before gunmen broke down the door of the El Aliviane drug rehabilitation center and lined their victims up to a wall shooting 17 dead. The authorities had no immediate suspects or information on the victims. Plagued by corruption and the assassination of many of its officers, the government is struggling to maintain Ciudad Juárez's police force. Other police have quit the force out of fear of being targeted.<ref>http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20090903/ap_on_re_la_am_ca/lt_drug_war_mexico</ref> In late 2008 one murder victim was found near a school hanging from a fence with a pig's mask on his face and another one was found beheaded hanging from a bridge in one of the busier streets of the city.<ref>http://www.diario.com.mx/nota.php?notaid=89fb7fc61f65ba9b3163a1172bb90852</ref> ====Female sexual homicides==== {{Main|Female homicides in Ciudad Juárez}} [[File:Cruces Lomas del Poleo.jpg|right|thumb|Crosses erected as a monument to victims of the Juárez homicides.]] Over the past 10 years Juárez has seen over 400 women fall victims to [[Female homicides in Ciudad Juárez|sexual homicides]], their bodies often dumped in ditches or vacant lots. In addition, grassroots organizations in the region report that 40 remain missing. Despite pressure to catch the killers and a roundup of some suspects, few believe the true culprits have been found. A 2007 book called ''The Daughters of Juárez'', by Teresa Rodriguez,<ref>http://www.amazon.com/Daughters-Juárez-Serial-Murder-Border/dp/0743292030</ref> implicates high-level police and prominent Juárez citizens in the crimes. This topic is also discussed in the 2006 book "The Harvest of Women" by journalist Diana Washington Valdez,<ref>http://www.amazon.com/Killing-Fields-Harvest-Women/dp/0615140084/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1230485886&sr=8-2</ref> and in the novel ''[[2666]]'' by [[Roberto Bolaño]], in which Ciudad Juárez is fictionalized as "Santa Teresa", a border city in [[Sonora]]. <!-- ===Corruption=== ===Poverty=== ==Infrastructure== ===Utilities=== ===Sanitation=== ===Health care=== --> ==Economy== The El Paso Regional Economic Development Corporation indicated that Ciudad Juárez is the metropolis absorbing “more new industrial real estate space than any other North American city.”<ref>2 Cities and 4 Bridges Where Commerce Flows, The New York Times, March 28, 2007.[http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/28/realestate/commercial/28juarez.html]</ref> The Financial Times Group through its publication The Foreign Direct Investment Magazine ranked Ciudad Juárez as the “City of the Future” for 2007–2008.<ref>http://www.fdimagazine.com/news/fullstory.php/aid/1974/North_American_Cities_of_the_Future_2007_08.html</ref> The Ciudad Juárez-El Paso area is a major manufacturing center. ADC Telecommunications, Electrolux, Bosch, Foxconn, Flextronics, Lexmark, Delphi, Visteon, Johnson Controls, Lear, Boeing, Cardinal Health, Yazaki, Sumitomo, and Siemens are some of the foreign companies that have chosen Ciudad Juárez for their business operation.<ref>http://www.industrytoday.com/article_view.asp?ArticleID=F289</ref> The Mexican state of Chihuahua is frequently among the top five states in Mexico with the most foreign investment.<ref>Mexico's Maquila Online Directory 2008, Fifth edition, page 7, Servicio Internacional de Información.</ref> Many foreign retail, banking, and fast-food entities have locations within Juarez, with examples including [[Sears]], [[Starbucks]], [[Wendy's]], [[Denny's]], [[McDonald's]], [[Scotiabank]], and [[HSBC]]. ==Transportation== The city is served by [[Abraham Gonzalez International Airport]], with flights to several Mexican cities. Nearby [[El Paso Airport]] handles flights to cities within the United States. ==Education== According to the latest estimates, literacy rate in the city is among the highest of the country: 97.3% of people above 15 years old are able to read and write.<ref name = "Business Frontier" /> Juárez has three public and two private universities. The ''[[Instituto Tecnológico de Ciudad Juárez]]'' (ITCJ), founded in 1964, became the first public institution of higher education in the city. The [[Autonomous University of Ciudad Juárez]] (UACJ), founded in 1968, is the largest university in the city and has been ranked among the best universities of the country. It has several locations inside of the city like the Faculty of Biomedicine, the Social Sciences Center, the Arts and Engineering Center and spaces for Fine Arts and Sports. This latter service is considered among the best because it recluses nearly 30,000 participants in sports like swimming, racquetball, basketball and gymnastics and arts like Classical Ballet, Drama, Modern Dance, Hawaiian and Polynesian Dances, Folkloric Dances, Music and Flamenco. The Faculty of Political and Social Sciences of the [[Autonomous University of Chihuahua]] (''Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua'', UACH) which has delivered 70% of the city's media and news crew, is located in the city. The local campuses of the [[Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education]] (ITESM) and the Autonomous University of Durango (UAD) are private universities. The Monterrey Institute of Technology opened its campus in 1983 and it is preferred among the upper and middle classes of the city. It is ranked as "third best" among other campuses of the institution, after the Garza Sada campus in Monterrey and the Santa Fe campus in Mexico City. Overall, the city offers a wide range of schools for every type of income and need. The city is widely recognized for its excellence in education, especially the one offered by the private sector. The main institutions in Ciudad Juárez are the Instituto Latinoamericano, a Catholic school directed from Spain, one of the colleges managed by the company founded by Spanish mystic Teresa de Avila, by direct order of the [[Pope]] to revert the effects of [[Protestantism]] in Spain; The Colegio Iberoamericano, The Middle School and High School of the [[ITESM]], the Teresa de Avila, the Instituto Mexico. Despite this, many people choose to study in the neighbor city of [[El Paso]], some for convenience. ==Media== ===Newspapers=== Juárez has five local newspapers: ''El Diario'', ''El Norte'', ''El Mexicano'', ''El PM'' and ''Hoy''. ===Broadcasters=== There are 16 [[terrestrial television|over the air]] TV channel signals in the city: [http://www.juareztv.com/canales/] {| border="1" cellpadding="1" class="wikitable sortable" style="width:60%" !width="7%"|Channel !width="35%"|Name !width="10%"|Affiliate !width="19%"|Country !width="15%"|Language !width="7%"|Local !width="7%"|National |- |2 |[[Canal 56|Tu Canal]] |[[Canal 56|XHJUB]] |{{flag|Mexico}} |Spanish |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |4 |[[CBS]] |[[KDBC]] |{{flag|United States}} |English |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |5 |Canal 5 |XEJTV |{{flag|Mexico}} |Spanish |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |7 |[[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] |[[KVIA]] |{{flag|United States}} |English |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |9 |[[NBC]] |[[KTSM-TV|KTSM]] |{{flag|United States}} |English |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |11 |[[XHDF|Azteca 13]] |XHCJE |{{flag|Mexico}} |Spanish |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |13 |[[PBS]] |[[KCOS (TV)|KCOS]] |{{flag|United States}} |English |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |14 |[[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] |[[KFOX-TV]] |{{flag|United States}} |English |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |20 |[[Azteca 7]] |XHCJH |{{flag|Mexico}} |Spanish |{{n}} |{{y}} |- |26 |[[Univision]] |[[KINT-TV]] |{{flag|United States}} |Spanish |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |32 |[[XEW-TV|Canal de las Estrellas]] |[[XEW-TV]] |{{flag|Mexico}} |Spanish |{{n}} |{{y}} |- |40 |[[Multimedios]] |K40FW |{{flag|Mexico}} |Spanish |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |44 |Canal 44 |XHIJ |{{flag|Mexico}} |Spanish |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |48 |[[Telemundo]] |[[KTDO]] |{{flag|United States}} |Spanish |{{y}} |{{y}} |- |56 |[[Canal 5]] |[[XHGC]] |{{flag|Mexico}} |Spanish |{{n}} |{{y}} |- |65 |[[TeleFutura]] |[[KTFN]] |{{flag|United States}} |Spanish |{{n}} |{{y}} |} There are three paid television signals available and 24 radio station signals in [[AM broadcasting|AM]] and 21 in [[FM broadcasting|FM]]. ==Culture== {{Unreferenced section|date=November 2009}} ===Sport=== Like in most of Mexico, [[soccer]] is the most popular sport in Juárez. The local soccer team is ''[[Indios de Ciudad Juárez]]'', which entered the [[Primera División de México|Mexican First Division]] for the first time in 2008. [[Baseball]], [[basketball]], [[tennis]], and [[American football]] are also popular, most of which are played at the high schools and university level. The Indios rent the stadium [[Estadio Olímpico Benito Juárez]]. Juárez has 2 large stadiums: ''Estadio Olímpico Benito Juárez'' and ''Estadio 20 de Noviembre'', and smaller ones for baseball and different activities. Mountain biking is also popular, with the [[Chupacabras (race)|Chupacabras 100 km]] race held annually in Juárez. Very near the [[Bridge of the Americas (El Paso-Ciudad Juárez)|Cordova International Bridge]] is a large combination [[bmx]] and [[skatepark]], ''Parque Extremo''. This park features a {{convert|20000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} concrete area with multiple ramps, rails, boxes, etc, and a {{convert|7000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} dirt area with ramps and tracks for bmx riding. It is much larger than the skate parks in nearby cities [[El Paso, Texas]], and [[Las Cruces, New Mexico]]. Ciudad Juárez served as the host of the CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament in 2008. ===In film and other media=== {{Cleanup-laundry|date=December 2009}} * ''[[Brokeback Mountain]]'' (2005) shows [[Jake Gyllenhaal]]'s character [[Jack Twist]] going to Mexico to see a male prostitute. The sign on the road reads "Juarez". * ''[[The Day After Tomorrow]]'' (2004) shows American people crossing the Rio Grande to Mexico (Juarez). * Two novels by [[Chile]]an-born author [[Roberto Bolaño]], ''[[The Savage Detectives]]'' and ''[[2666 (novel)|2666]]'', take place in Juárez, named "Santa Teresa" in the novels. * ''The Virgin of Juarez'' (2006) *''[[Bordertown (2007 film)|Bordertown]] ''(2007) (The film was not actually filmed in Juárez). * Juárez is where [[Marilyn Monroe]] divorced her third husband, [[Arthur Miller]]. * The [[At the Drive-In]] music video for "[[Invalid Litter Dept.]]" features articles and captions about the [[Female homicides in Ciudad Juárez|hundreds of unsolved homicides and rapes]] in Juárez. * [[Cormac McCarthy]]'s novel ''[[Cities of the Plain]]''. * The final portion of the video game [[Call of Juarez]] takes place in the desert outside of the city sometime between the [[American Old West]] era of 1865 through 1890. * The local soccer team appeared for the first time in the videogame [[FIFA 09]]. *The video game [[H.A.W.X]] features Juárez prominently in its first level. *American film actor [[Steve McQueen]] died in a Juarez hospital after undergoing treatment for cancer. === Songs about Ciudad Juarez === *"Juarez" performed by [[Better Than Ezra]] *"Juarez es el #1" performed by [[Juan Gabriel]] *"Arriba Juarez" performed by [[Juan Gabriel]] *"Ciudad Juarez" performed by Maria Barracuda *"Ciudad de Bajas Pasiones" performed by [[Enrique Bunbury]] *"[[Just Like Tom Thumb's Blues]]" performed by [[Bob Dylan]] *"Juarez" performed by [[Tori Amos]] *"When Sinatra Played Juarez" performed by [[Tom Russell]] *"Hands on the Radio" performed by [[Chris Garneau]] *"[[Invalid Litter Dept.]]" performed by [[At the Drive-in]] *"Ciudad Juárez" by Peter Loveday *"En Juarez" by Diana Gameros ==Places of interest== [[File:Rio Bravo night.jpg|right|thumb|Rio Bravo at night.]] * Antigua Presidencia Municipal: (Old City Hall) Built in the 19th century, using volcanic materials and adobe, with originally fine woods. Site to many historic events. * Mission de Guadalupe: The oldest standing building in Juárez, from the 17th century. Continuously used by the Catholic Church. * Auditorio Civico Benito Juárez: The local theater for the arts. * Auditorio Municipal: The new state of the art theater built behind the UACJ Med School. * Zona Pronaf: Bars, museums, shops, restaurants, entertainment. In the Zona Pronaf, one can find bars such as La Mulata, Cafe Dali, Don Quintin, San Martin, The News, Ole Bar Chamucos, among others. * Estadio Olímpico Benito Juárez: Home of the local soccer team Los Indios (The Indians). * Avenida Juárez: Bars and shops. * Parque Chamizal: Green area of the city, that consist of a park of over {{convert|40|acre|ha|0}} with jogging trails, swings and recreational areas, which was once shared by El Paso and Juárez, was given back to Mexico by J.F.K in the early 1960s. * [[Museo del Concorde]]: A place to see original parts of the airliner. * Centro Cívico Paso del Norte (Opened on December 2006 and has been home of the Festival Internacional Chihuahua since). * Misiones, Galerias Tec, Plaza Juárez and Rio Grande shopping malls. * Parque Central: (Central Park) A family-oriented recreational area located {{convert|10|mi|km|-1}} south of the US-Mexico border. * Parque Xtremo: The largest extreme park in [[Latin America]]. * Cibeles: Convention Center ==Notable natives and residents== *[[Juan Acevedo]], professional baseball player *[[Miguel Aceves Mejía]], singer and actor *[[Elizabeth Alvarez]], actress *[[Norma Andrade]], a founding member of [[Nuestras Hijas de Regreso a Casa A.C.]] *[[Antonio Attolini Lack]], architect *[[Liliana Domínguez]], fashion model *[[Lince Dorado]], wrestler *[[Abelardo Escobar Prieto]], politician *[[Fishman (wrestler)|Fishman]], wrestler *[[Julio Daniel Frías]], soccer player *[[Gory Guerrero]], wrestler *[[Vanessa Guzmán]], [[Nuestra Belleza Mexico]] 1996 and actress *[[Juan Gabriel]], singer *[[Johnny "J"]], rapper *[[Paco Lala's]], television host *[[Francisco Martínez]], basketball player *[[Karla Martínez]], co-host of [[Despierta America]] *[[Lilia Merodio Reza]], politician *[[Guadalupe Miranda]], former mayor *[[Luis Montes]], soccer player *[[Kitten Natividad]], former adult film actress *[[Ivonne Soto]], fashion model *[[German Valdes]], actor *[[Manuel Valdes|Manuel "El Loco" Valdes]], comedian *[[Ramon Valdes]], actor *[[Tito Larriva]], musician ==References== {{Reflist|2}} ==External links== {{Portal|Mexico}} {{Commons category|Ciudad Juárez}} * [http://www.juarez.gob.mx/ Official webpage of Juárez] *{{es icon}} [http://www.chihuahua.com.mx Secretariat of Industrial Development of Chihuahua State Government] *[http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1532607 2003 NPR article about the murders of Juárez women] *[http://borderstories.org/index.php/ciudad-juarez-the-war-on-news.html Border Stories video on a threatened Juarez journalist] *[http://www.nytimes.com/1984/05/01/science/nuclear-spill-at-juarez-looms-as-one-of-worst.html?&pagewanted=all NY Times report on the nuclear accident] * [http://www.ciudadjuarez.org.mx Ciudad Juárez] {{Chihuahua}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Ciudad Juarez}} [[Category:Populated places in Chihuahua]] [[Category:Ciudad Juárez]] [[Category:Conflicts in 2009]] [[Category:Conflicts in 2010]] [[Category:Mexico – United States border crossings]] [[Category:Populated places established in 1659]] [[Category:Urban warfare]] [[Category:Mexico – United States border towns]] [[ar:سيوداد خواريز]] [[zh-min-nan:Ciudad Juárez]] [[bs:Ciudad Juárez]] [[bg:Сиудад Хуарес]] [[ca:Ciudad Juárez]] [[cs:Ciudad Juárez]] [[cbk-zam:Ciudad Juárez]] [[da:Ciudad Juárez]] [[de:Ciudad Juárez]] [[es:Ciudad Juárez]] [[eo:Ciudad Juárez]] [[fr:Ciudad Juárez]] [[ko:시우다드후아레스]] [[it:Ciudad Juárez]] [[he:סיודאד חוארס]] [[ka:სიუდად-ხუარესი]] [[sw:Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua]] [[lt:Siudad Chuaresas]] [[lmo:Ciudad Juárez]] [[mr:सिउदाद हुआरेझ]] [[nah:Āltepētl Juárez]] [[nl:Ciudad Juárez]] [[ja:シウダー・フアレス]] [[no:Ciudad Juárez]] [[nn:Ciudad Juárez]] [[pl:Ciudad Juárez]] [[pt:Ciudad Juárez]] [[ro:Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua]] [[ru:Сьюдад-Хуарес]] [[simple:Ciudad Juárez]] [[sr:Сјудад Хуарез]] [[fi:Ciudad Juárez]] [[sv:Juárez]] [[tl:Lungsod Juárez]] [[tr:Ciudad Juarez]] [[vo:Ciudad Juárez]] [[war:Ciudad Juárez]] [[zh:華雷斯城]]'
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node)
0
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp)
1278852696