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{{Long plot|date=August 2020}}{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
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{{Infobox film
| name = Manichitrathazhu
| image = Manichitrathazhu.jpg
| alt = Featuring Mohanlal and Suresh Gopi, with Fazil holding to a camera at the bottom
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Fazil (director)|Fazil]]
| producer = [[Swargachitra Appachan]]
| writer = [[Madhu Muttam]]
| starring = {{plainlist|
* [[Shobana]]
* [[Mohanlal]]
* [[Suresh Gopi]]
* [[Nedumudi Venu]]
}}
| music = {{plainlist|
* [[M. G. Radhakrishnan]] (songs)
* [[Johnson (composer)|Johnson]] (score)
}}
| cinematography = [[Venu (cinematographer)|Venu]]
| editing = T. R. Shekar
| studio = [[Swargachitra Appachan|Swargachitra]]
| distributor = Swargachitra
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|1993|12|25}}
| runtime = 170 minutes
| country = India
| language = Malayalam
| budget = <!--Must be attributed to a reliable published source with an established reputation for fact-checking. No blogs, no IMDb.-->
}}
'''''Manichitrathazhu''''' ({{trans|The Ornate Lock}}) is a 1993 Indian [[Malayalam]]-language [[epic film|epic]] [[psychological horror]] film directed by [[Fazil (director)|Fazil]], written by [[Madhu Muttam]], and produced by [[Swargachitra Appachan]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/Made-in-Malayalam/articleshow/51274314.cms |title=Made in Malayalam |date=6 March 2016 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=9 July 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/top-five-films-from-readers/article8732595.ece |title=High five |date=16 June 2016 |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=9 July 2016}}</ref> The story is inspired by a tragedy that happened in the Alummoottil ''[[tharavad]]'', a central [[Travancore]] family, in the 19th century.<ref name="Mani01">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rMRw0gTZSJwC&q=Social+Mobility+in+Kerala:+Modernity+and+Identity+in+Conflict |title=Social Mobility in Kerala: Modernity and Identity in Conflict |work=Filippo Osella, Caroline |publisher=Pluto Press |year=2000 |isbn=0-7453-1693-X |page=264}}</ref> The film stars [[Mohanlal]], [[Suresh Gopi]] and [[Shobana]] with [[Nedumudi Venu]], [[Innocent (actor)|Innocent]], [[Vinaya Prasad]], [[K. P. A. C. Lalitha]], [[Sridhar (actor)|Sridhar]], [[K. B. Ganesh Kumar]], [[Sudheesh]], and [[Thilakan]] in supporting roles.
Directors [[Priyadarshan]], [[Siddique–Lal]], and [[Sibi Malayil]] served as the second-unit directors.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.catchnews.com/regional-cinema/actor-akshay-kumar-is-the-most-successful-actor-to-have-starred-in-bollywood-remakes-of-south-indian-films-4-mohanlal-film-remakes-that-akshay-kumar-owned-akshay-kumar-success-news-1461307223.html |title=4 Mohanlal film remakes that Akshay Kumar owned |last=Nair |first=Sree Prasad |date=22 April 2016 |website=CatchNews.com |access-date=6 February 2020}}</ref> The cinematography was by [[Venu (cinematographer)|Venu]], and Anandakuttan and [[Sunny Joseph]] served as the second-unit cinematographers, the film was edited by T. R. Shekar. The original songs featured in the movie were composed by [[M. G. Radhakrishnan]], while the [[film score|original score]] was composed by [[Johnson (composer)|Johnson]]. The film won the [[National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment]] and Shobhana was awarded the [[National Film Award for Best Actress]] for her portrayal of Ganga / Nagavalli.
The film dealt with an unusual theme which was not common in Indian cinema at the time.<ref name="Rediff">{{Cite web |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/2007/oct/16bb.htm |title=Of Bhool Bhulaiya, and a classic dumbed down |date=16 October 2007 |website=[[Rediff.com]] |access-date=24 May 2013}}</ref> The film completed 319 days of run in 1 releasing theatre. ''Manichitrathazhu'' was remade in four languages – in [[Kannada]] as ''[[Apthamitra]]'' which in turn was remade in [[Tamil language|Tamil]] as ''[[Chandramukhi]]'' , in [[Bengali language|Bengali]] as ''[[Rajmohol]]'' and in [[Hindi]] as ''[[Bhool Bhulaiyaa]]'' – all being commercially successful. ''[[Geethaanjali]]'', a spin-off directed by [[Priyadarshan]] and Mohanlal reprising the role of Dr. Sunny Joseph was made in 2013. Manichitrathazhu is considered by many critics as one of the best films ever made in [[Malayalam]] cinema and developed a [[cult]] following in the years after its release.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Best Malayalam Movies: 10 Malayalam films to watch before you die|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/photo-features/10-malayalam-films-to-watch-before-you-die/top-10-malayalam-films-to-watch-before-you-die/photostory/48436108.cms|access-date=2021-06-10|website=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Shobana reminisces on impact of Manichitrathazhu on film's "27 birthday" - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/shobana-reminisces-on-impact-of-manichitrathazhu-on-films-27-birthday/articleshow/79880037.cms|access-date=2021-07-08|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>
== Plot ==
Years ago, Nakulan's uncle Thampi wanted the former to marry the latter's daughter Sreedevi, which was later rejected by Nakulan's mother Sharadha given that Sreedevi's horoscope was an ominous one. Later Nakulan falls in love with Ganga and they get married, while Sreedevi is also married only to end up in a divorce.
Years later, Ganga and Nakulan arrive at their hometown and Thampi learns that Nakulan had decided to stay at the family mansion named Madampalli, despite attempts by the local villagers to dissuade them. The couple moves in with the help of the family including Thampi's wife and children, Thampi's sister Bhasura, her husband Unnithan and their daughter Alli.
Later Bhasura reveals the reason everyone fears the mansion. About 150 years ago, a landlord named Sankaran Thambi Karanavar who was then the head of the family travelled to Thanjavur in [[Tamil Nadu]], where he met and fell for a dancer named Nagavalli. However, she did not reciprocate his feelings as she was already in love with another dancer named Ramanathan. As a result, Karanavar took her back to his palace by force. Unknown to him, Nagavalli made Ramanathan stay in a cottage next to the palace and met him secretly. When Karanavar discovered this, he slayed Nagavalli on a [[Durga Puja|Durgashtami]] night at her room named Thekkini situated at the south west corner of the house. As a result, Nagavalli's ghost tried to take her revenge, and Karanavar with the help of various priests and sorcerers from all over the state, tamed the ghost by locking it up in the same room. The Karanavar too commits suicide shortly afterwards.
In the present day, Alli is in love with Mahadevan, a college professor who reciprocates her feelings. Their marriage is fixed to take place soon. Listening to Nagavalli's story, Ganga, who thinks that the story was fabricated to scare thieves from stealing treasures in the room, wishes to go there. She gets the room key's duplicate from Alli and opens the room, for which she is scolded by Sreedevi.
Subsequently, strange things begin to happen in the household; apparitions of a woman frighten the people in the house, things inexplicably break, and Ganga's ''[[sari]]'' catches fire during the day. The needle of suspicion falls on Sreedevi, who is generally found to be gloomy. Nakulan immediately calls up his psychiatrist friend Dr. Sunny from America to solve the case. As soon as Sunny arrives, an unknown person tries to kill Alli by locking her up in a store room.
Sunny also uncovers other incidents such as an attempt to kill Nakulan by poisoning his coffee as well as a mysterious voice singing from upstairs during the night.
Ganga mysteriously disappears during a Kathakali Night. Sunny notices her absence and searches for her, and with Nakulan's help finds Ganga, who is apparently being harassed by Mahadevan.
After the confusions settle, Sunny reveals to Mahadevan and Nakulan that all problems in the house are orchestrated by Ganga, who suffers from [[Dissociative identity disorder|split personality disorder]]. Sunny tells them that Ganga who frequently transforms into Nagavalli's personality tried to kill Alli and Nakulan, and framed Mahadevan for sexual harassment because from Nagavalli's alter ego, Mahadevan is her lover Ramanathan since the former stays at the same house Ramanathan did. By framing Mahadevan and also framing Sreedevi via possession, Ganga's alter ego planned to stop the marriage. Now the only way to stop Nagavalli's influence on Ganga is to make her believe she killed her enemy Karanavar on Durgashtami, since Nakulan impersonated the Karanavar, a fact Sunny gauged from his conversation
with Nagavalli to know her wish.
Thampi calls in a renowned tantric expert, Pullatuparam Brahmadathan Namboothiripad to solve the family's menace. To everyone's surprise, Sunny and Brahmadathan are long time friends and they discuss the matter deeply as Sunny makes a rather unconventional plan to cure Ganga.
Before carrying out his plan, Sunny asks Nakulan to trigger Ganga to see for himself whether she turns into Nagavalli or not. When Nakulan does so, she transforms into Nagavalli, which shocks him. A worried Nakulan shouts at Ganga, turning her back to normal.
On Durgashtami night, in the dance hall, the family and Namboothiripad allow Nagavalli to behead Nakulan posing as the Karanavar. Namboothiripad suddenly blows smoke and ash on Ganga's face when she is given a sword. Simultaneously Sunny turns a part of the platform over to let Nakulan escape, and a lifeless dummy of the Karanavar gets sliced instead. Convinced that her enemy is dead, Nagavalli leaves Ganga, curing her.
The family bids farewell to Ganga and Nakulan, Sunny expresses his desire to marry Sreedevi and they leave happily.
== Cast ==
[[File:Shobhana (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|Shobhana was awarded the [[National Film Award for Best Actress]] for her portrayal of Ganga / Nagavalli.]]
* [[Shobana]] as Ganga/Nagavalli
* [[Mohanlal]] as Dr. Sunny Joseph, a Psychiatrist
* [[Suresh Gopi]] as Nakulan, Ganga's husband
* [[Nedumudi Venu]] as Thampi, Nakulan's maternal uncle
* [[Vinaya Prasad]] as Sreedevi, Thampi's daughter, Nakulan's cousin and former fiancé
* [[Sridhar (Kannada actor)|Sridhar]] as Mahadevan, a college lecturer and author and fiancé of Alli (Dancer Ramanathan in Ganga's hallucination)
* [[Sudheesh]] as Chandhu, Thampi's son and Sreedevi's brother
* [[Innocent (actor)|Innocent]] as Unnithan, Bhasura's husband
* [[K. P. A. C. Lalitha]] as Bhasura, Unnithan's wife and Nakulan's aunt
* [[Thilakan]] as Pullattuparam Brahmadathan Namboothiripad, a tantric expert and long-time friend of Sunny
* [[Kuthiravattam Pappu]] as Kattuparamban, priest at a local temple
* [[K. B. Ganesh Kumar]] as Dasappan Kutty, a distant relative of the family
* [[Rudra (actress)|Rudra]] as Alli, daughter of Unnithan and Bhasura
* Vyjayanthi as Jayasri, youngest daughter of Thampi
* [[Kuttyedathi Vilasini]] as Thampi's wife
<!--Do not add dubbing credits in cast section-->
== Production ==
=== Filming ===
The climax scene and major parts of the film were filmed in [[Padmanabhapuram Palace]] and [[Hill Palace, Tripunithura]].<ref name="FilmCompanion">{{Cite web |url=https://www.filmcompanion.in/25-years-of-manichitrathazhu-mohanlal-shobana-fazil-suresh-gopi/amp/ |title="It Will Be A Huge Flop". 20 Fascinating Facts About The Making Of Manichitrathazhu, In Fazil's Words |last=Menon |first=Neelima |date=24 December 2018 |website=[[Film Companion]] |access-date=25 December 2018}}</ref> The painting of Nagavalli was made by artist Shri R. Madhavan, drawn without a live model.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=6 June 2020|title=നാഗവല്ലിയെ വരച്ചത് ആര്, ഇതാ ഉത്തരവുമായി ഒരു കുറിപ്പ്|url=https://www.asianetnews.com/entertainment-news/nagavalli-harishankar-t-s-write-qbinf6|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=16 January 2021|website=[[Asianet News]]|language=ml}}</ref>
=== Dubbing credits ===
Shobana's voice was [[Dubbing (filmmaking)|dubbed]] by two dubbing artistes{{mdash}}[[Bhagyalakshmi]] and Durga. Bhagyalakshmi dubbed her voice for Ganga, while Durga gave voice to the character's alter-ego, Nagavalli. Nagavalli's voice is heard only in the minor part of the film compared to Ganga's. Durga was not credited in the film or its publicity material and until 2016, the popular belief was that Bhagyalakshmi solely dubbed both voices.<ref>{{Cite news |last=James |first=Anu |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/it-wasnt-bhagyalakshmi-who-dubbed-classic-character-nagavalli-manichitrathazhu-director-fazil-662569 |title=It wasn't Bhagyalakshmi who dubbed for classic character Nagavalli in Manichitrathazhu, director Fazil reveals |date=9 January 2016 |work=[[International Business Times]] |access-date=27 July 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160112133144/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/it-wasnt-bhagyalakshmi-who-dubbed-classic-character-nagavalli-manichitrathazhu-director-fazil-662569 |archive-date=12 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Fazil gives dubbing artist Durga her due after 23 years, maybe she should have said 'Vidamaate' |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/fazil-gives-dubbing-artist-durga-her-due-after-23-years-maybe-she-should-have-said-vidamaate |publisher=thenewsminute.com}}</ref>
In January 2016, in an article ''Ormapookkal'' published by ''[[Manorama Weekly]]'', Fazil revealed that initially Bhagyalakshmi dubbed for both Ganga and Nagavalli, but during post-production, some of the crew, including editor Shekar, had a feeling that both voices sounded somewhat similar even though Bhagyalakshmi tried altering her voice for Nagavalli. Since Nagavalli's dialogue are in [[Tamil language]], Fazil hired Tamil dubbing artiste Durga for the part. But he forgot to inform it to Bhagyalakshmi, hence she was also unaware of it for a long time. Fazil did not credit Durga in the film; according to him, it was a difficult to make changes in the titles at that time, which was already prepared and her portion in the film was minor. The credits included only Bhagyalakshmi as the dubbing artiste for Shobana.<ref>{{Cite news |last=James |first=Anu |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/nagavalli-manichitrathazhu-controversy-dubbing-artist-bhagyalakshmi-breaks-her-silence-662754 |title=Nagavalli-Manichitrathazhu controversy: Dubbing artist Bhagyalakshmi, director Fazil break their silence |date=11 January 2016 |work=[[International Business Times]] |access-date=27 July 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125230301/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/nagavalli-manichitrathazhu-controversy-dubbing-artist-bhagyalakshmi-breaks-her-silence-662754 |archive-date=25 January 2016}}</ref> Other dubbing artistes were [[Anandavally]] and Ambili, who dubbed for Vinaya Prasad and Rudra.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F0P1RzIlRMM |title=Manichitrathazhu 1993: Malayalam Full Movie {{!}} #Malayalam Movie Online {{!}} Mohanlal Movies {{!}} Shobana |last=Biscoot Regional |date=20 September 2013 |website=[[YouTube]] |publisher=Biscoot Regional |access-date=28 July 2016}}</ref>
== Soundtrack ==
The soundtrack for the film was composed by [[M. G. Radhakrishnan]] which went on to become one of the most popular film albums in Malayalam. The album consists of nine tracks. The lyrics sung are in [[Malayalam]] and [[Tamil language|Tamil]] written by [[Bichu Thirumala]] and Madhu Muttam for Malayalam and [[Vaali (poet)|Vaali]] for Tamil.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://en.msidb.org/m.php?1243 |title=Manichitrathazhu at MSI |access-date=16 January 2016}}</ref>
{{Infobox album
| name = Manichitrathazhu
| type = [[Soundtrack]]
| artist = [[M. G. Radhakrishnan]]
| cover =
| alt =
| caption = Digital Soundtrack Cover Art
| released = 24 December 1993
| recorded = 1993
| venue = [[Chennai]]
| studio = Kodandapani Audio Laboratories
| genre = Film Soundtrack
| length = 64:50
| label = Wilson Audios
| producer = [[M. G. Radhakrishnan]]
| prev_title = [[Advaitham]]
| prev_year = 1991
| next_title = [[Devaasuram]]
| next_year = 1993
}}
{{Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| total_length =
| title1 = Pazham Tamil
| extra1 = [[K. J. Yesudas]]
| lyrics1 = [[Bichu Thirumala]]
| length1 =
| title2 = Varuvaanillaruminn
| extra2 = [[K. S. Chithra]]
| lyrics2 = [[Madhu Muttam]]
| length2 =
| title3 = Oru Murai Vanthu
| extra3 = K. J. Yesudas, K. S. Chithra
| lyrics3 = [[Vaali (poet)|Vaali]] (Tamil), Bichu Thirumala
| length3 =
| title4 = Kumbham Kulathil Ariyathe
| extra4 = K. J. Yesudas
| lyrics4 = Bichu Thirumala
| length4 =
| title5 = Akkuthikkuthanakkombil
| extra5 = [[G. Venugopal]], [[K. S. Chithra]], [[Sujatha Mohan]], [[M. G. Radhakrishnan]]
| lyrics5 = Bichu Thirumala
| length5 =
| title6 = Palavattam Pookkaalam
| extra6 = K. J. Yesudas
| lyrics6 = Madhu Muttam
| length6 =
| title7 = Uthunga Sailangalkkum
| extra7 = Sujatha Mohan
| lyrics7 = Bichu Thirumala
| length7 =
| title8 = Oru Murai (Reprise)
| extra8 = Sujatha Mohan
| lyrics8 = Vaali
| length8 =
| title9 = Varuvaanillarumee Vayizhe
| extra9 = K. S. Chithra
| lyrics9 = Madhu Muttam
| length9 =
| title10 = "Oru Murai" (Tamil Version)
| extra10 = K. S. Chithra
| lyrics10 = Vaali
}}
== Release ==
''Manichitrathazhu'' was released on 25 December 1993,<ref name="scroll">{{Cite web|last=Nathan|first=Archana|date=20 December 2018|title=Fazil on his classic 'Manichithrathazhu': 'Everything came together to make the film happen'|url=https://scroll.in/reel/906298/fazil-on-his-classic-manichitrathazhu-everything-came-together-to-make-the-film-happen|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=16 January 2021|website=[[Scroll.in]]}}</ref> and performed well at the box office, becoming the highest-grossing Malayalam film ever, to that date.<ref>{{Cite news |last=James |first=Anu |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/mohanlals-manichitrathazhu-gets-trailer-after-23-years-707053 |title=Mohanlal's Manichitrathazhu gets a trailer after 23 years |date=5 December 2016 |work=[[International Business Times]] |access-date=4 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.in/entry/25-years-of-manichithrathazhu-shobhana-director-fazil-pay-tribute-to-iconic-malayalam-film_in_5c208d7de4b08aaf7a8a9647 |title=25 Years Of Manichithrathazhu: Shobhana, Director Fazil Pay Tribute To Iconic Malayalam Film |date=24 December 2018 |work=[[HuffPost]] |access-date=10 September 2019}}</ref><ref name=IBNRanking /> It ran for more than 365 days in some centres.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/10-Mollywood-films-that-ran-for-the-longest-time/10-Mollywood-films-that-ran-for-the-longest-time/photostory/52523456.cms |title=10 Mollywood films that ran for the longest time |date=31 May 2016 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=28 July 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160728160923/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/10-Mollywood-films-that-ran-for-the-longest-time/10-Mollywood-films-that-ran-for-the-longest-time/photostory/52523456.cms |archive-date=28 July 2016 |agency=Times News Network}}</ref> The film had a collection of {{INR}}3 crore .<ref name="gross">{{Cite web |url=http://www.cscsarchive.org:8081/MediaArchive/art.nsf/94ff8a4a35a9b8876525698d002642a9/46344d1a8344a1f9652572df003429af/$FILE/A0190307.pdf |title=Malayalam cinema faces a threat |date=24 September 1994 |website=[[The Statesman (India)|The Statesman]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725213203/http://www.cscsarchive.org:8081/MediaArchive/art.nsf/94ff8a4a35a9b8876525698d002642a9/46344d1a8344a1f9652572df003429af/$FILE/A0190307.pdf |archive-date=25 July 2011 |access-date=16 March 2011 }}</ref>
== Awards ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Award
! Ceremony
! Category
! Nominee(s)
! Result
! {{Abbreviation|Ref.|References}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[National Film Awards]]
| rowspan="2" |[[41st National Film Awards]]
| [[National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment|Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment]]
| [[Swargachitra Appachan]], [[Fazil (director)|Fazil]]
| {{won}}
| rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm41thNFAAward.aspx |title=41st National Film Awards |website=[[International Film Festival of India]] |publisher=[[Directorate of Film Festivals]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313075852/http://iffi.nic.in/dff2011/frm41thnfaaward.aspx |archive-date=13 March 2016 |access-date=28 July 2016}}</ref>
|-
| [[National Film Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]
| [[Shobana]]
| {{won}}
|-
| rowspan="3" |[[Kerala State Film Awards]]
| rowspan="3" |34th Kerala State Film Awards
| [[Kerala State Film Award for Best Popular Film|Best Film with Popular Appeal and Aesthetic Value]]
| Swargachitra Appachan, Fazil
| {{won}}
| rowspan="3" |<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.prd.kerala.gov.in/stateawards3.htm |title=State Film Awards |website=prd.kerala.gov.in |publisher=[[Department of Information and Public Relations (Kerala)|Department of Information and Public Relations]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303234157/http://www.prd.kerala.gov.in/stateawards3.htm |archive-date=3 March 2016 |access-date=28 July 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Kerala State Film Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]
| Shobana
| {{won}}
|-
| [[Kerala State Film Award for Best Makeup Artist|Best Makeup Artist]]
| P. N. Mani
| {{won}}
|}
== Legacy ==
''Manichitrathazhu'' is hailed as one of the best films ever made in [[Malayalam cinema]].<ref name=Rediff /> The film has consistently fetched maximum ratings for its television screenings.<ref name=Rediff /> Even twenty years after its release it has been screened more than 12 times a year on an average on Kerala's leading TV channel, [[Asianet (TV channel)|Asianet]].<ref name=Rediff /> The film has received the maximum [[Target rating point|TRP rating]] on every screening; TRP ratings have increased every year, a rare record for a film produced in Kerala.<ref name=Rediff /><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/did-you-know-/Manichithrathazhu-has-received-the-maximum-TRP-rating/articleshow/45167993.cms |title=Manichithrathazhu has received the maximum TRP rating! |date=17 November 2014 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=28 July 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160728162737/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/did-you-know-/Manichithrathazhu-has-received-the-maximum-TRP-rating/articleshow/45167993.cms |archive-date=28 July 2016 |agency=Times News Network}}</ref>
In a 2013 online poll in India by ''[[IBN Live]]'', ''Manichitrathazhu'' was voted second by people in India's Greatest Films. The poll was conducted as part of the celebration of Indian cinema completing 100 years. The poll constituted a list of 100 films from different Indian languages.<ref name="IBNRanking">{{Cite news |last=IBN Live |url=http://www.news18.com/news/india/mayabazar-is-indias-greatest-film-ever-ibnlive-poll-608772.html |title='Mayabazar' is India's greatest film ever: IBNLive poll |date=12 May 2013 |work=[[CNN-News18]] |access-date=28 July 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701181726/http://www.news18.com/news/india/mayabazar-is-indias-greatest-film-ever-ibnlive-poll-608772.html |archive-date=1 July 2016}}</ref>
== Remakes ==
''Manichithrathazhu'' was remade in many languages: in [[Kannada]] as ''[[Apthamitra]]'' (2004), in Tamil as ''[[Chandramukhi]]'' (2005), in [[Bengali language|Bengali]] as ''[[Rajmohol]]'' (2005) and in [[Hindi]] as ''[[Bhool Bhulaiyaa]]'' (2007).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Jha|first=Lata|date=15 October 2018|title=Ten Indian films with multiple remakes|url=https://www.livemint.com/Consumer/bXD0noDJT8tcVCmijrb1gK/Ten-Indian-films-with-multiple-remakes.html|access-date=16 January 2021|website=mint|language=en}}</ref>
== Spin-off ==
A spin-off titled ''[[Geethaanjali]]'' was released on 14 November 2013, with Mohanlal reprising his role as Sunny.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Nagarajan |first=Saraswathy |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/return-of-dr-sunny/article4977410.ece |title=Return of Dr. Sunny |date=1 August 2013 |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=6 February 2020 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200206051526/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/return-of-dr-sunny/article4977410.ece |archive-date=6 February 2020}}</ref>
== See also ==
* [[List of Malayalam horror films]]
* [[Mental illness in film]]
* [[Dissociative identity disorder]]
* [[Identity formation]]
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|0214915}}
{{Films inspired by Manichitrathazhu}}
{{Fazil (director)}}
{{National Film Award Wholesome Entertainment}}
[[Category:1990s Malayalam-language films]]
[[Category:1993 films]]
[[Category:Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment National Film Award winners]]
[[Category:Films about exorcism]]
[[Category:Films directed by Fazil]]
[[Category:Films featuring a Best Actress National Award-winning performance]]
[[Category:Indian films based on actual events]]
[[Category:Indian films]]
[[Category:Indian ghost films]]
[[Category:1990s psychological horror films]]
[[Category:1990s ghost films]]
[[Category:Indian psychological horror films]]
[[Category:Malayalam films in series|GNagavalli1]]
[[Category:Malayalam films remade in other languages]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext ) | '{{short description|1993 film by Fazil}}
{{Long plot|date=August 2020}}{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{EngvarB|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox film
| name = Manichitrathazhu
| image = Manichitrathazhu.jpg
| alt = Featuring Mohanlal and Suresh Gopi, with Fazil holding to a camera at the bottom
| caption = Theatrical release poster
| director = [[Fazil (director)|Fazil]]
| producer = [[Swargachitra Appachan]]
| writer = [[Madhu Muttam]]
| starring = {{plainlist|
* [[Shobana]]
* [[Mohanlal]]
* [[Suresh Gopi]]
* [[Nedumudi Venu]]
}}
| music = {{plainlist|
* [[M. G. Radhakrishnan]] (songs)
* [[Johnson (composer)|Johnson]] (score)
}}
| cinematography = [[Venu (cinematographer)|Venu]]
| editing = T. R. Shekar
| studio = [[Swargachitra Appachan|Swargachitra]]
| distributor = Swargachitra
| released = {{Film date|df=yes|1993|12|25}}
| runtime = 170 minutes
| country = India
| language = Malayalam
| budget = <!--Must be attributed to a reliable published source with an established reputation for fact-checking. No blogs, no IMDb.-->
}}
'''''Manichitrathazhu''''' ({{trans|The Ornate Lock}}) is a 1993 Indian [[Malayalam]]-language [[epic film|epic]] [[psychological horror]] film directed by [[Fazil (director)|Fazil]], written by [[Madhu Muttam]], and produced by [[Swargachitra Appachan]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/Made-in-Malayalam/articleshow/51274314.cms |title=Made in Malayalam |date=6 March 2016 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=9 July 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/top-five-films-from-readers/article8732595.ece |title=High five |date=16 June 2016 |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=9 July 2016}}</ref> The story is inspired by a tragedy that happened in the Alummoottil ''[[tharavad]]'', a central [[Travancore]] family, in the 19th century.<ref name="Mani01">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rMRw0gTZSJwC&q=Social+Mobility+in+Kerala:+Modernity+and+Identity+in+Conflict |title=Social Mobility in Kerala: Modernity and Identity in Conflict |work=Filippo Osella, Caroline |publisher=Pluto Press |year=2000 |isbn=0-7453-1693-X |page=264}}</ref> The film stars [[Mohanlal]], [[Suresh Gopi]] and [[Shobana]] with [[Nedumudi Venu]], [[Innocent (actor)|Innocent]], [[Vinaya Prasad]], [[K. P. A. C. Lalitha]], [[Sridhar (actor)|Sridhar]], [[K. B. Ganesh Kumar]], [[Sudheesh]], and [[Thilakan]] in supporting roles.
Directors [[Priyadarshan]], [[Siddique–Lal]], and [[Sibi Malayil]] served as the second-unit directors.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.catchnews.com/regional-cinema/actor-akshay-kumar-is-the-most-successful-actor-to-have-starred-in-bollywood-remakes-of-south-indian-films-4-mohanlal-film-remakes-that-akshay-kumar-owned-akshay-kumar-success-news-1461307223.html |title=4 Mohanlal film remakes that Akshay Kumar owned |last=Nair |first=Sree Prasad |date=22 April 2016 |website=CatchNews.com |access-date=6 February 2020}}</ref> The cinematography was by [[Venu (cinematographer)|Venu]], and Anandakuttan and [[Sunny Joseph]] served as the second-unit cinematographers, the film was edited by T. R. Shekar. The original songs featured in the movie were composed by [[M. G. Radhakrishnan]], while the [[film score|original score]] was composed by [[Johnson (composer)|Johnson]]. The film won the [[National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment]] and Shobhana was awarded the [[National Film Award for Best Actress]] for her portrayal of Ganga / Nagavalli.
The film dealt with an unusual theme which was not common in Indian cinema at the time.<ref name="Rediff">{{Cite web |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/2007/oct/16bb.htm |title=Of Bhool Bhulaiya, and a classic dumbed down |date=16 October 2007 |website=[[Rediff.com]] |access-date=24 May 2013}}</ref> The film completed 319 days of run in 1 releasing theatre. ''Manichitrathazhu'' was remade in four languages – in [[Kannada]] as ''[[Apthamitra]]'' which in turn was remade in [[Tamil language|Tamil]] as ''[[Chandramukhi]]'' , in [[Bengali language|Bengali]] as ''[[Rajmohol]]'' and in [[Hindi]] as ''[[Bhool Bhulaiyaa]]'' – all being commercially successful. ''[[Geethaanjali]]'', a spin-off directed by [[Priyadarshan]] and Mohanlal reprising the role of Dr. Sunny Joseph was made in 2013. Manichitrathazhu is considered by many critics as one of the best films ever made in [[Malayalam]] cinema and developed a [[cult]] following in the years after its release.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Best Malayalam Movies: 10 Malayalam films to watch before you die|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/photo-features/10-malayalam-films-to-watch-before-you-die/top-10-malayalam-films-to-watch-before-you-die/photostory/48436108.cms|access-date=2021-06-10|website=The Times of India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Shobana reminisces on impact of Manichitrathazhu on film's "27 birthday" - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/news/shobana-reminisces-on-impact-of-manichitrathazhu-on-films-27-birthday/articleshow/79880037.cms|access-date=2021-07-08|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>
== Plot ==
Years ago, Nakulan's uncle Thampi wanted the former to marry the latter's daughter Sreedevi, which was later rejected by Nakulan's mother Sharadha given that Sreedevi's horoscope was an ominous one. Later Nakulan falls in love with Ganga and they get married, while Sreedevi is also married only to end up in a divorce.
Years later, Ganga and Nakulan arrive at their hometown and Thampi learns that Nakulan had decided to stay at the family mansion named Madampalli, despite attempts by the local villagers to dissuade them. The couple moves in with the help of the family including Thampi's wife and children, Thampi's sister Bhasura, her husband Unnithan and their daughter Alli.
Later Bhasura reveals the reason everyone fears the mansion. About 150 years ago, a landlord named Sankaran Thambi Karanavar who was then the head of the family travelled to Thanjavur in [[Tamil Nadu]], where he met and fell for a dancer named Nagavalli. However, she did not reciprocate his feelings as she was already in love with another dancer named Ramanathan. As a result, Karanavar took her back to his palace by force. Unknown to him, Nagavalli made Ramanathan stay in a cottage next to the palace and met him secretly. When Karanavar discovered this, he slayed Nagavalli on a [[Durga Puja|Durgashtami]] night at her room named Thekkini situated at the south west corner of the house. As a result, Nagavalli's ghost tried to take her revenge, and Karanavar with the help of various priests and sorcerers from all over the state, tamed the ghost by locking it up in the same room. The Karanavar too commits suicide shortly afterwards.
In the present day, Alli is in love with Mahadevan, a college professor who reciprocates her feelings. Their marriage is fixed to take place soon. Listening to Nagavalli's story, Ganga, who thinks that the story was fabricated to scare thieves from stealing treasures in the room, wishes to go there. She gets the room key's duplicate from Alli and opens the room, for which she is scolded by Sreedevi.
Subsequently, strange things begin to happen in the household; apparitions of a woman frighten the people in the house, things inexplicably break, and Ganga's ''[[sari]]'' catches fire during the day. The needle of suspicion falls on Sreedevi, who is generally found to be gloomy. Nakulan immediately calls up his psychiatrist friend Dr. Sunny from America to solve the case. As soon as Sunny arrives, an unknown person tries to kill Alli by locking her up in a store room.
Sunny also uncovers other incidents such as an attempt to kill Nakulan by poisoning his coffee as well as a mysterious voice singing from upstairs during the night.
Ganga mysteriously disappears during a Kathakali Night. Sunny notices her absence and searches for her, and with Nakulan's help finds Ganga, who is apparently being harassed by Mahadevan.
After the confusions settle, Sunny reveals to Mahadevan and Nakulan that all problems in the house are orchestrated by Ganga, who suffers from [[Dissociative identity disorder|split personality disorder]]. Sunny tells them that Ganga who frequently transforms into Nagavalli's personality tried to kill Alli and Nakulan, and framed Mahadevan for sexual harassment because from Nagavalli's alter ego, Mahadevan is her lover Ramanathan since the former stays at the same house Ramanathan did. By framing Mahadevan and also framing Sreedevi via possession, Ganga's alter ego planned to stop the marriage. Now the only way to stop Nagavalli's influence on Ganga is to make her believe she killed her enemy Karanavar on Durgashtami, since Nakulan impersonated the Karanavar, a fact Sunny gauged from his conversation
with Nagavalli to know her wish.
Thampi calls in a renowned tantric expert, Pullatuparam Brahmadathan Namboothiripad to solve the family's menace. To everyone's surprise, Sunny and Brahmadathan are long time friends and they discuss the matter deeply as Sunny makes a rather unconventional plan to cure Ganga.
Before carrying out his plan, Sunny asks Nakulan to trigger Ganga to see for himself whether she turns into Nagavalli or not. When Nakulan does so, she transforms into Nagavalli, which shocks him. A worried Nakulan shouts at Ganga, turning her back to normal.
On Durgashtami night, in the dance hall, the family and Namboothiripad allow Nagavalli to behead Nakulan posing as the Karanavar. Namboothiripad suddenly blows smoke and ash on Ganga's face when she is given a sword. Simultaneously Sunny turns a part of the platform over to let Nakulan escape, and a lifeless dummy of the Karanavar gets sliced instead. Convinced that her enemy is dead, Nagavalli leaves Ganga, curing her.
The family bids farewell to Ganga and Nakulan, Sunny expresses his desire to marry Sreedevi and they leave happily.
== Cast ==
[[File:Shobhana (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|Shobhana was awarded the [[National Film Award for Best Actress]] for her portrayal of Ganga / Nagavalli.]]
* [[Shobana]] as Ganga/Nagavalli
* [[Mohanlal]] as Dr. Sunny Joseph, a Psychiatrist
* [[Suresh Gopi]] as Nakulan, Ganga's husband
* [[Nedumudi Venu]] as Thampi, Nakulan's maternal uncle
* [[Vinaya Prasad]] as Sreedevi, Thampi's daughter, Nakulan's cousin and former fiancé
* [[Sridhar (Kannada actor)|Sridhar]] as Mahadevan, a college lecturer and author and fiancé of Alli (Dancer Ramanathan in Ganga's hallucination)
* [[Sudheesh]] as Chandhu, Thampi's son and Sreedevi's brother
* [[Innocent (actor)|Innocent]] as Unnithan, Bhasura's husband
* [[K. P. A. C. Lalitha]] as Bhasura, Unnithan's wife and Nakulan's aunt
* [[Thilakan]] as Pullattuparam Brahmadathan Namboothiripad, a tantric expert and long-time friend of Sunny
* [[Kuthiravattam Pappu]] as Kattuparamban, priest at a local temple
* [[K. B. Ganesh Kumar]] as Dasappan Kutty, a distant relative of the family
* [[Rudra (actress)|Rudra]] as Alli, daughter of Unnithan and Bhasura
* Vyjayanthi as Jayasri, youngest daughter of Thampi
* [[Kuttyedathi Vilasini]] as Thampi's wife
<!--Do not add dubbing credits in cast section-->
== Production ==
=== Filming ===
The haunting Thekkini was created inside the Vasan House in Chennai, the house of late S. S. Vasan, the founder of Gemini Studios. It was one of the film’s key locations apart from Padmanabhapuram Palace and Hill Palace.
The climax scene and major parts of the film were filmed in [[Padmanabhapuram Palace]] and [[Hill Palace, Tripunithura]].<ref name="FilmCompanion">{{Cite web |url=https://www.filmcompanion.in/25-years-of-manichitrathazhu-mohanlal-shobana-fazil-suresh-gopi/amp/ |title="It Will Be A Huge Flop". 20 Fascinating Facts About The Making Of Manichitrathazhu, In Fazil's Words |last=Menon |first=Neelima |date=24 December 2018 |website=[[Film Companion]] |access-date=25 December 2018}}</ref> The painting of Nagavalli was made by artist Shri R. Madhavan, drawn without a live model.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=6 June 2020|title=നാഗവല്ലിയെ വരച്ചത് ആര്, ഇതാ ഉത്തരവുമായി ഒരു കുറിപ്പ്|url=https://www.asianetnews.com/entertainment-news/nagavalli-harishankar-t-s-write-qbinf6|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=16 January 2021|website=[[Asianet News]]|language=ml}}</ref>
=== Dubbing credits ===
Shobana's voice was [[Dubbing (filmmaking)|dubbed]] by two dubbing artistes{{mdash}}[[Bhagyalakshmi]] and Durga. Bhagyalakshmi dubbed her voice for Ganga, while Durga gave voice to the character's alter-ego, Nagavalli. Nagavalli's voice is heard only in the minor part of the film compared to Ganga's. Durga was not credited in the film or its publicity material and until 2016, the popular belief was that Bhagyalakshmi solely dubbed both voices.<ref>{{Cite news |last=James |first=Anu |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/it-wasnt-bhagyalakshmi-who-dubbed-classic-character-nagavalli-manichitrathazhu-director-fazil-662569 |title=It wasn't Bhagyalakshmi who dubbed for classic character Nagavalli in Manichitrathazhu, director Fazil reveals |date=9 January 2016 |work=[[International Business Times]] |access-date=27 July 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160112133144/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/it-wasnt-bhagyalakshmi-who-dubbed-classic-character-nagavalli-manichitrathazhu-director-fazil-662569 |archive-date=12 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Fazil gives dubbing artist Durga her due after 23 years, maybe she should have said 'Vidamaate' |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/fazil-gives-dubbing-artist-durga-her-due-after-23-years-maybe-she-should-have-said-vidamaate |publisher=thenewsminute.com}}</ref>
In January 2016, in an article ''Ormapookkal'' published by ''[[Manorama Weekly]]'', Fazil revealed that initially Bhagyalakshmi dubbed for both Ganga and Nagavalli, but during post-production, some of the crew, including editor Shekar, had a feeling that both voices sounded somewhat similar even though Bhagyalakshmi tried altering her voice for Nagavalli. Since Nagavalli's dialogue are in [[Tamil language]], Fazil hired Tamil dubbing artiste Durga for the part. But he forgot to inform it to Bhagyalakshmi, hence she was also unaware of it for a long time. Fazil did not credit Durga in the film; according to him, it was a difficult to make changes in the titles at that time, which was already prepared and her portion in the film was minor. The credits included only Bhagyalakshmi as the dubbing artiste for Shobana.<ref>{{Cite news |last=James |first=Anu |url=http://www.ibtimes.co.in/nagavalli-manichitrathazhu-controversy-dubbing-artist-bhagyalakshmi-breaks-her-silence-662754 |title=Nagavalli-Manichitrathazhu controversy: Dubbing artist Bhagyalakshmi, director Fazil break their silence |date=11 January 2016 |work=[[International Business Times]] |access-date=27 July 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125230301/http://www.ibtimes.co.in/nagavalli-manichitrathazhu-controversy-dubbing-artist-bhagyalakshmi-breaks-her-silence-662754 |archive-date=25 January 2016}}</ref> Other dubbing artistes were [[Anandavally]] and Ambili, who dubbed for Vinaya Prasad and Rudra.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F0P1RzIlRMM |title=Manichitrathazhu 1993: Malayalam Full Movie {{!}} #Malayalam Movie Online {{!}} Mohanlal Movies {{!}} Shobana |last=Biscoot Regional |date=20 September 2013 |website=[[YouTube]] |publisher=Biscoot Regional |access-date=28 July 2016}}</ref>
== Soundtrack ==
The soundtrack for the film was composed by [[M. G. Radhakrishnan]] which went on to become one of the most popular film albums in Malayalam. The album consists of nine tracks. The lyrics sung are in [[Malayalam]] and [[Tamil language|Tamil]] written by [[Bichu Thirumala]] and Madhu Muttam for Malayalam and [[Vaali (poet)|Vaali]] for Tamil.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://en.msidb.org/m.php?1243 |title=Manichitrathazhu at MSI |access-date=16 January 2016}}</ref>
{{Infobox album
| name = Manichitrathazhu
| type = [[Soundtrack]]
| artist = [[M. G. Radhakrishnan]]
| cover =
| alt =
| caption = Digital Soundtrack Cover Art
| released = 24 December 1993
| recorded = 1993
| venue = [[Chennai]]
| studio = Kodandapani Audio Laboratories
| genre = Film Soundtrack
| length = 64:50
| label = Wilson Audios
| producer = [[M. G. Radhakrishnan]]
| prev_title = [[Advaitham]]
| prev_year = 1991
| next_title = [[Devaasuram]]
| next_year = 1993
}}
{{Track listing
| extra_column = Singer(s)
| total_length =
| title1 = Pazham Tamil
| extra1 = [[K. J. Yesudas]]
| lyrics1 = [[Bichu Thirumala]]
| length1 =
| title2 = Varuvaanillaruminn
| extra2 = [[K. S. Chithra]]
| lyrics2 = [[Madhu Muttam]]
| length2 =
| title3 = Oru Murai Vanthu
| extra3 = K. J. Yesudas, K. S. Chithra
| lyrics3 = [[Vaali (poet)|Vaali]] (Tamil), Bichu Thirumala
| length3 =
| title4 = Kumbham Kulathil Ariyathe
| extra4 = K. J. Yesudas
| lyrics4 = Bichu Thirumala
| length4 =
| title5 = Akkuthikkuthanakkombil
| extra5 = [[G. Venugopal]], [[K. S. Chithra]], [[Sujatha Mohan]], [[M. G. Radhakrishnan]]
| lyrics5 = Bichu Thirumala
| length5 =
| title6 = Palavattam Pookkaalam
| extra6 = K. J. Yesudas
| lyrics6 = Madhu Muttam
| length6 =
| title7 = Uthunga Sailangalkkum
| extra7 = Sujatha Mohan
| lyrics7 = Bichu Thirumala
| length7 =
| title8 = Oru Murai (Reprise)
| extra8 = Sujatha Mohan
| lyrics8 = Vaali
| length8 =
| title9 = Varuvaanillarumee Vayizhe
| extra9 = K. S. Chithra
| lyrics9 = Madhu Muttam
| length9 =
| title10 = "Oru Murai" (Tamil Version)
| extra10 = K. S. Chithra
| lyrics10 = Vaali
}}
== Release ==
''Manichitrathazhu'' was released on 25 December 1993,<ref name="scroll">{{Cite web|last=Nathan|first=Archana|date=20 December 2018|title=Fazil on his classic 'Manichithrathazhu': 'Everything came together to make the film happen'|url=https://scroll.in/reel/906298/fazil-on-his-classic-manichitrathazhu-everything-came-together-to-make-the-film-happen|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=16 January 2021|website=[[Scroll.in]]}}</ref> and performed well at the box office, becoming the highest-grossing Malayalam film ever, to that date.<ref>{{Cite news |last=James |first=Anu |url=https://www.ibtimes.co.in/mohanlals-manichitrathazhu-gets-trailer-after-23-years-707053 |title=Mohanlal's Manichitrathazhu gets a trailer after 23 years |date=5 December 2016 |work=[[International Business Times]] |access-date=4 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.in/entry/25-years-of-manichithrathazhu-shobhana-director-fazil-pay-tribute-to-iconic-malayalam-film_in_5c208d7de4b08aaf7a8a9647 |title=25 Years Of Manichithrathazhu: Shobhana, Director Fazil Pay Tribute To Iconic Malayalam Film |date=24 December 2018 |work=[[HuffPost]] |access-date=10 September 2019}}</ref><ref name=IBNRanking /> It ran for more than 365 days in some centres.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/10-Mollywood-films-that-ran-for-the-longest-time/10-Mollywood-films-that-ran-for-the-longest-time/photostory/52523456.cms |title=10 Mollywood films that ran for the longest time |date=31 May 2016 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=28 July 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160728160923/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/10-Mollywood-films-that-ran-for-the-longest-time/10-Mollywood-films-that-ran-for-the-longest-time/photostory/52523456.cms |archive-date=28 July 2016 |agency=Times News Network}}</ref> The film had a collection of {{INR}}3 crore .<ref name="gross">{{Cite web |url=http://www.cscsarchive.org:8081/MediaArchive/art.nsf/94ff8a4a35a9b8876525698d002642a9/46344d1a8344a1f9652572df003429af/$FILE/A0190307.pdf |title=Malayalam cinema faces a threat |date=24 September 1994 |website=[[The Statesman (India)|The Statesman]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725213203/http://www.cscsarchive.org:8081/MediaArchive/art.nsf/94ff8a4a35a9b8876525698d002642a9/46344d1a8344a1f9652572df003429af/$FILE/A0190307.pdf |archive-date=25 July 2011 |access-date=16 March 2011 }}</ref>
== Awards ==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Award
! Ceremony
! Category
! Nominee(s)
! Result
! {{Abbreviation|Ref.|References}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |[[National Film Awards]]
| rowspan="2" |[[41st National Film Awards]]
| [[National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment|Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment]]
| [[Swargachitra Appachan]], [[Fazil (director)|Fazil]]
| {{won}}
| rowspan="2" |<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://iffi.nic.in/Dff2011/Frm41thNFAAward.aspx |title=41st National Film Awards |website=[[International Film Festival of India]] |publisher=[[Directorate of Film Festivals]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160313075852/http://iffi.nic.in/dff2011/frm41thnfaaward.aspx |archive-date=13 March 2016 |access-date=28 July 2016}}</ref>
|-
| [[National Film Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]
| [[Shobana]]
| {{won}}
|-
| rowspan="3" |[[Kerala State Film Awards]]
| rowspan="3" |34th Kerala State Film Awards
| [[Kerala State Film Award for Best Popular Film|Best Film with Popular Appeal and Aesthetic Value]]
| Swargachitra Appachan, Fazil
| {{won}}
| rowspan="3" |<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.prd.kerala.gov.in/stateawards3.htm |title=State Film Awards |website=prd.kerala.gov.in |publisher=[[Department of Information and Public Relations (Kerala)|Department of Information and Public Relations]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303234157/http://www.prd.kerala.gov.in/stateawards3.htm |archive-date=3 March 2016 |access-date=28 July 2016 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Kerala State Film Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]
| Shobana
| {{won}}
|-
| [[Kerala State Film Award for Best Makeup Artist|Best Makeup Artist]]
| P. N. Mani
| {{won}}
|}
== Legacy ==
''Manichitrathazhu'' is hailed as one of the best films ever made in [[Malayalam cinema]].<ref name=Rediff /> The film has consistently fetched maximum ratings for its television screenings.<ref name=Rediff /> Even twenty years after its release it has been screened more than 12 times a year on an average on Kerala's leading TV channel, [[Asianet (TV channel)|Asianet]].<ref name=Rediff /> The film has received the maximum [[Target rating point|TRP rating]] on every screening; TRP ratings have increased every year, a rare record for a film produced in Kerala.<ref name=Rediff /><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/did-you-know-/Manichithrathazhu-has-received-the-maximum-TRP-rating/articleshow/45167993.cms |title=Manichithrathazhu has received the maximum TRP rating! |date=17 November 2014 |work=[[The Times of India]] |access-date=28 July 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160728162737/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/malayalam/movies/did-you-know-/Manichithrathazhu-has-received-the-maximum-TRP-rating/articleshow/45167993.cms |archive-date=28 July 2016 |agency=Times News Network}}</ref>
In a 2013 online poll in India by ''[[IBN Live]]'', ''Manichitrathazhu'' was voted second by people in India's Greatest Films. The poll was conducted as part of the celebration of Indian cinema completing 100 years. The poll constituted a list of 100 films from different Indian languages.<ref name="IBNRanking">{{Cite news |last=IBN Live |url=http://www.news18.com/news/india/mayabazar-is-indias-greatest-film-ever-ibnlive-poll-608772.html |title='Mayabazar' is India's greatest film ever: IBNLive poll |date=12 May 2013 |work=[[CNN-News18]] |access-date=28 July 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160701181726/http://www.news18.com/news/india/mayabazar-is-indias-greatest-film-ever-ibnlive-poll-608772.html |archive-date=1 July 2016}}</ref>
== Remakes ==
''Manichithrathazhu'' was remade in many languages: in [[Kannada]] as ''[[Apthamitra]]'' (2004), in Tamil as ''[[Chandramukhi]]'' (2005), in [[Bengali language|Bengali]] as ''[[Rajmohol]]'' (2005) and in [[Hindi]] as ''[[Bhool Bhulaiyaa]]'' (2007).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Jha|first=Lata|date=15 October 2018|title=Ten Indian films with multiple remakes|url=https://www.livemint.com/Consumer/bXD0noDJT8tcVCmijrb1gK/Ten-Indian-films-with-multiple-remakes.html|access-date=16 January 2021|website=mint|language=en}}</ref>
== Spin-off ==
A spin-off titled ''[[Geethaanjali]]'' was released on 14 November 2013, with Mohanlal reprising his role as Sunny.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Nagarajan |first=Saraswathy |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/return-of-dr-sunny/article4977410.ece |title=Return of Dr. Sunny |date=1 August 2013 |work=[[The Hindu]] |access-date=6 February 2020 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200206051526/https://www.thehindu.com/features/cinema/return-of-dr-sunny/article4977410.ece |archive-date=6 February 2020}}</ref>
== See also ==
* [[List of Malayalam horror films]]
* [[Mental illness in film]]
* [[Dissociative identity disorder]]
* [[Identity formation]]
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
== External links ==
* {{IMDb title|0214915}}
{{Films inspired by Manichitrathazhu}}
{{Fazil (director)}}
{{National Film Award Wholesome Entertainment}}
[[Category:1990s Malayalam-language films]]
[[Category:1993 films]]
[[Category:Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment National Film Award winners]]
[[Category:Films about exorcism]]
[[Category:Films directed by Fazil]]
[[Category:Films featuring a Best Actress National Award-winning performance]]
[[Category:Indian films based on actual events]]
[[Category:Indian films]]
[[Category:Indian ghost films]]
[[Category:1990s psychological horror films]]
[[Category:1990s ghost films]]
[[Category:Indian psychological horror films]]
[[Category:Malayalam films in series|GNagavalli1]]
[[Category:Malayalam films remade in other languages]]' |
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff ) | '@@ -84,4 +84,5 @@
== Production ==
=== Filming ===
+The haunting Thekkini was created inside the Vasan House in Chennai, the house of late S. S. Vasan, the founder of Gemini Studios. It was one of the film’s key locations apart from Padmanabhapuram Palace and Hill Palace.
The climax scene and major parts of the film were filmed in [[Padmanabhapuram Palace]] and [[Hill Palace, Tripunithura]].<ref name="FilmCompanion">{{Cite web |url=https://www.filmcompanion.in/25-years-of-manichitrathazhu-mohanlal-shobana-fazil-suresh-gopi/amp/ |title="It Will Be A Huge Flop". 20 Fascinating Facts About The Making Of Manichitrathazhu, In Fazil's Words |last=Menon |first=Neelima |date=24 December 2018 |website=[[Film Companion]] |access-date=25 December 2018}}</ref> The painting of Nagavalli was made by artist Shri R. Madhavan, drawn without a live model.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=6 June 2020|title=നാഗവല്ലിയെ വരച്ചത് ആര്, ഇതാ ഉത്തരവുമായി ഒരു കുറിപ്പ്|url=https://www.asianetnews.com/entertainment-news/nagavalli-harishankar-t-s-write-qbinf6|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=16 January 2021|website=[[Asianet News]]|language=ml}}</ref>
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