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{{Redirect|Van kedisi|the standardized breed called Turkish Vankedisi|Turkish Van}}
{{Redirect|Swimming cat|the species named the fishing cat (''Prionailurus viverrinus'')|Fishing cat|the mustelid sometimes miscalled the "fisher cat"|Fisher (animal)}}
{{Infobox cat breed
| name = Van cat
| image = VAN_CAT.png
| imagecaption = An adult [[Odd-eyed cat|odd-eyed]] Van cat
| country = [[Lake Van]] area of Turkey
| notrecognised = y
| landrace = y
| note = Van cats are a [[landrace]], not a [[Breed standard|standardized breed]].
}}
The '''Van cat''' ({{lang-tr|Van kedisi}}; {{Lang-hyw|Վանայ կատու|translit=Vana gadu}} or [[Eastern Armenian|Eastern]] {{Lang-hy|Վանա կատու|translit=Vana katu}}; {{lang-ku|pisîka Wanê|script=Latn|italic=yes}}) is a distinctive [[landrace]] of the [[domestic cat]] found in the [[Lake Van]] region of Turkey.
Van cats are relatively large, have a chalky white coat, sometimes with ruddy coloration on the head and hindquarters, and have blue or amber eyes or have heterochromia (having one eye of each colour).<ref name="Turkish Van Cats">{{cite web |url= http://cats.animal-world.com/Natural-Breeds/TurkishVanCat.php |title=Turkish Van Cats|access-date=8 April 2014}}{{tertiary}} Like many sources, this one conflates the [[Turkish Van]] formal breed, which is actually British, with the local Van cat landrace of Turkey, and so must be interpreted with caution.</ref><ref name="VanKedisi.net">{{cite web |url=http://www.vankedisi.net/ |title=Van Kedisi |work="VanKedisi.net: En Güzel Kedilerin Sitesi |access-date=12 February 2013 |language=tr |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6EO9Sdqy6?url=http://www.vankedisi.net/ |archive-date=13 February 2013 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all }} [//www.microsofttranslator.com/bv.aspx?from=tr&to=en&a=http://www.vankedisi.net/ Machine translation into English].</ref><ref name="newspot_february">[http://newspot.byegm.gov.tr/2006/february/ns11.htm] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060718110924/http://newspot.byegm.gov.tr/2006/february/ns11.htm |date=July 18, 2006 }}</ref> The variety has been referred to as "'''the swimming cat'''", and has been observed to swim in Lake Van.<ref name="Pond" /><ref name="Tabor" />
The naturally occurring Van cat type is popularly believed to be the basis of the [[Turkish Van]] breed,<ref name="Turkish Van Cats" /> as standardised and recognised by many cat fancier organizations; it has been internationally [[Selective breeding|selectively bred]] to consistently produce the ruddy head-and-tail colouring pattern on the white coat. However, one of the breed founders' own writings indicate that the four original cats used to found the formal breed came from other parts of Turkey than the Lake Van area.<ref name="Swimming">{{cite journal|last=Lushington|first=Laura|title=The Swimming Cats|journal=Animals|volume=1|issue=17|pages=24–27|year=1963|url= http://vancatblog.com/photo-gallery/?album=all&gallery=8}}</ref><ref name="Pond">{{cite book|editor=Pond, Grace|title=The Complete Cat Encyclopedia|publisher=Walter Parrish Intl.|year=1972|location=London|page=114|isbn=0-517-50140-6}}{{tertiary}}</ref> The capitalised and run-together term "Turkish {{sic|Vankedisi|hide=y|reason=Yes, it is run-together and capitalised.}}" is confusingly used by some organisations as a name for all-white specimens of the formal Turkish Van breed.<ref name="WCF list">{{cite web |url=http://www.wcf-online.de/WCF-EN/standard/rassen |title=Recognized and Admitted Breeds in the WCF |year=2012 |work=WCF-Online.de |publisher=World Cat Federation |location=Essen, Germany |access-date=13 February 2013 |archive-date=13 February 2013 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6EOfyF9KJ?url=http://www.wcf-online.de/WCF-EN/standard/rassen |url-status=live |df=dmy-all }}<!--Note: This HTML version is more current than the 2009 PDF version that is available for download from the same page, as of this accessdate.--></ref>
== History ==
[[File:KittE a Van cat kitten.jpg|thumb|right|A Van kitten from the village of Agarti (formerly Ayanis), near the city of Van, 2005]]
Van cats have been reported living in the vicinity of the city of [[Van, Turkey|Van]] and the general Lake Van area for centuries;<ref name="Pond" /> how long is uncertain. Genetic research has shown that the domestic cat's ancestor, the [[African wild cat]] (''Felis lybica lybica''), was domesticated, for rodent control, about 9,000 years ago in the Near East<ref>{{Cite web |last= Sample |first= Ian |date= 19 June 2017 |title= Africats to the Purr-ymids: DNA study reveals long tale of cat domestication |url= https://www.theguardian.com/science/2017/jun/19/africats-to-the-purr-ymids-dna-study-reveals-long-tale-of-cat-domestication |website= theguardian.com |access-date= 19 June 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Ottoni|first1=Claudio|last2=Van Neer|first2=Wim|last3=De Cupere|first3=Bea|last4=Daligault|first4=Julien|last5=Guimaraes|first5=Silvia|last6=Peters|first6=Joris|last7=Spassov|first7=Nikolai|last8=Prendergast|first8=Mary E.|last9=Boivin|first9=Nicole|last10=Morales-Muñiz|first10=Arturo|last11=Bălăşescu|first11=Adrian|last12=Becker|first12=Cornelia|last13=Benecke|first13=Norbert|last14=Boroneant|first14=Adina|last15=Buitenhuis|first15=Hijlke|last16=Chahoud|first16=Jwana|last17=Crowther|first17=Alison|last18=Llorente|first18=Laura|last19=Manaseryan|first19=Nina|last20=Monchot|first20=Hervé|last21=Onar|first21=Vedat|last22=Osypińska|first22=Marta|last23=Putelat|first23=Olivier|last24=Quintana Morales|first24=Eréndira M.|last25=Studer|first25=Jacqueline|last26=Wierer|first26=Ursula|last27=Decorte|first27=Ronny|last28=Grange|first28=Thierry|last29=Geigl|first29=Eva-Maria|title=The palaeogenetics of cat dispersal in the ancient world|journal=Nature Ecology & Evolution|volume=1|issue=7|year=2017|pages=0139|issn=2397-334X|doi=10.1038/s41559-017-0139}}</ref> when tribes transitioned from hunter-gathering to crop farming and settled life.<ref>{{cite news|author=Rob Stein, Washington Post |url= http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/03/22/MNJQVL9BH.DTL |title=Using DNA to track the origins of cats |publisher=Sfgate.com |date=23 March 2008 |access-date=30 November 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |doi= 10.1016/j.ygeno.2007.10.009 |title= The ascent of cat breeds: Genetic evaluations of breeds and worldwide random-bred populations |year=2008 |last1= Lipinski |first1= Monika J. |last2= Froenicke |first2= Lutz |last3= Baysac |first3= Kathleen C. |last4= Billings |first4= Nicholas C. |last5= Leutenegger |first5= Christian M. |last6= Levy |first6= Alon M. |last7= Longeri |first7= Maria |last8= Niini |first8= Tirri |last9= Ozpinar |first9= Haydar |journal= Genomics |volume= 91 |pages= 12–21 |pmid= 18060738 |issue=1 |pmc= 2267438 }}</ref> In addition, the white-spotting in domestic cats appeared at the earliest stage of cat domestication, and is one of the points of evidence of early artificial selection.<ref>{{cite journal |title= Locally Associated Alleles of Cat Coat Genes |pmid= 8182285 |year= 1994 |last1= Vinogradov |first1= AE |volume= 85 | issue= 2 |pages= 86–91 |journal= The Journal of Heredity |doi= 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a111428 }}</ref>
The landrace is named ''{{lang|tr|Van kedisi}}'' (plural {{lang|tr|kedileri}}) in Turkish, V''ana gadu'' or ''Vana katu'' ({{lang|hy|Վանա կատու}}) in Western and Eastern [[Armenian language|Armenian]], respectively, <ref>[[Paruyr Sevak]], "The Unsilenceable Belfry" (Պարույր Սևակ, ԱՆԼՌԵԼԻ ԶԱՆԳԱԿԱՏՈՒՆ), published in 1959: "...Թե՞ ազատվելու հուսահատ ճիգով Լող էին տալիս հազա՜ր ու հազա՜ր Վանա կատուներ՝Վառվող աչքերով ..."{{clarify|date=March 2012|reason=What is this Armenian phrase in English? Google Translate can only handle about half of it.}}</ref><ref name="TourArmenia">{{cite web |url= http://www.tacentral.com/features.asp?story_no=6 |title= Armenian Vans – Real "Aristocrats" |work= Tour Armenia |publisher= TACentral.com |access-date= 17 July 2009}}</ref> and ''{{lang|ku|pisîka Wanê}}'' in [[Kurdish language|Kurdish]].
== Characteristics ==
[[File:Turkish Van Cat.jpg|thumb|left|An odd-eyed Van kitten]]
Van cats are all-white,<ref name="Tabor" /> or sometimes mostly white with amber markings around the tail and ears. Locals to the Van area identify only the all-white type as Van cats, according to a 1991 BBC documentary, ''Cats'', written and presented by Roger Tabor.<ref name="Tabor">{{Cite episode |title=The Aristocats |series=Cats |network=[[BBC 2]] |date=1991 |number=5 |last1=Tabor |first1=Roger (writer/presenter) |last2=Crowther |first2=Stephanie (researcher) |time=03:50–13:20 }} The documentary distinguishes the largely feral, white Van cats (the type identified as such by Van locals) from the auburn-marked Turkish Van breed, agreeing with other sources that the latter was developed by the British in 1955 from Turkish stock. This information is also presented in Tabor's tie-in book, ''Cats: The Rise of the Cat'', {{ISBN|978-0563360117}} (1995)</ref>
Their most notable genetic characteristic is their almond-shaped eyes that often are [[Odd-eyed cat|mismatched colours]].<ref name="Turkish Van Cats" /> The most valued and valuable members of the type generally have one amber-green eye and one blue eye.
=== Behaviour ===
Van cats are known for swimming in Lake Van.<ref name="Tabor" /> This may be the source of the popular, but possibly false or exaggerated,<ref name="Hart">{{cite book |first=Robert |last=Hart |title=Hart's Original Petpourri, Vol. 1 |page=4 |isbn=9781934938621 |publisher=Langdon Street Pr |year=2010 }} Hart cites a ''Cat Fancy'' magazine article as his source.</ref> belief that the formal Turkish Van breed is innately more fond of water than the average cat. Lushington wrote: "Apart from their great capacity for affection and alert intelligence, their outstanding characteristic is their liking for water, not normally regarded as a feline attribute. They not only dabble in water and play with it, but have been known to enter ponds and even horse-troughs for a swim – they soon became famous as the 'swimming cats.{{'"}}<ref name="Pond" /> It is unclear if Lushington means the cats of the Lake Van area, or her own Turkish Van standardised breed. Tabor's BBC documentary states: "The reason for [its] fame is that the Van cat is known as 'the swimming cat'.... [H]ere at Lake Van ... these cats do enter it, and swim."<ref name="Tabor" />
== Current status ==
[[File:Van cat in breeding centre.jpg|thumb|An adult female Van cat photographed at the Van Cat Research Centre, Yüzüncü Yıl University, 2006]]
Van cats form a [[landrace]] (naturally occurring, free-breeding variety, often [[Feral cat|feral]]), not a [[Breed standard|standardized breed]] of cat.<ref name="WrightM">{{cite book |last=Wright|first=Michael |author2=Walters, Sally |title=The Book of the Cat |publisher=Pan |location=London |year=1980 |edition=1st |pages=50–52 |isbn=0-330-26153-3}}</ref> They can still be found in east Turkey, near Lake Van, although their numbers have diminished (a 1992 survey found only 92 pure Van cats in their native area).<ref name=catkit>{{cite web |url= http://www.petpublishing.com/catkit/breeds/turkishvan.shtml |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071204153246/http://www.petpublishing.com/catkit/breeds/turkishvan.shtml |archive-date=4 December 2007 |title=The Turkish Van The Swimming Cat |year=2000 |work=Cats and Kittens Magazine |publisher=Pet Pubg |access-date=15 July 2009}}</ref>There is a [[breeding program]]me for the all-white variety,<ref>{{cite book |title=Van City Guide |year=2005 |location=Ankara}}{{clarify|date=February 2013|reason=Missing most source details.}}</ref> operated by the Van Cat Research Centre (a.k.a. the Van Cat House), established in 1993 at the campus of [[Yüzüncü Yıl University]].<ref name="TAC">//www.turkishangoracat.org/arastirma.aspx?arastirmaId=2</ref> {{As of|2018||df=}}, the center housed about 350 young adults and kittens, and is open to the public for a nominal entrance fee.<ref>"Van City Guide", Ankara, 2005.</ref>
==In regional culture==
Van cats are claimed as a cultural icon by Armenians, Kurds, and Turks, who have inhabited the region at different periods in history.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rarecatbreeds.wyrdwul.com/tvan.html|title=Turkish Van Breed Profile|access-date=14 January 2018|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160305183407/http://rarecatbreeds.wyrdwul.com/tvan.html | archive-date = 5 March 2016}}</ref>
=== In Armenian culture ===
[[Armenians]] often consider the breed to be historically Armenian,<ref>{{cite web|year=2011|title=Van Cats|url=http://www.tacentral.com/features.asp?story_no=6|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705060927/http://www.tacentral.com/features.asp?story_no=6|archive-date=5 July 2014|access-date=28 February 2015|work=TACentral.com|publisher=Tacentral.com|at=Armenia Travel, History, Archeology & Ecology | TourArmenia | Travel Guide to Armenia}}</ref> as the Lake Van area [[Lake Van#Armenian kingdoms|had a large Armenian population]] and was within the Armenian homeland prior to their local extermination during the [[Armenian genocide|genocide of 1915]]. <ref>{{cite book|last=Landau|first=Ronnie S.|url=https://archive.org/details/studyingholocaus00land|title=Studying the Holocaust: Issues, Readings, and Documents|year=1998|page=[https://archive.org/details/studyingholocaus00land/page/n112 101]|url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="Waldman">{{cite book|last=Waldman|first=Diane|title=Arshile Gorky, 1904–1948: A Retrospective|publisher=H.N. Abrams Books|year=1981|page=255}}</ref> <ref>Values as provided by [[:File:Armenian population of Van province in 1896.png]]</ref><ref name="Gebhardt">{{cite book|last=Gebhardt|first=Richard H.|url=https://archive.org/details/completecatbooke00gebh|title=Complete Cat Book: Expert Advice on Every Phase of Cat Ownership|year=1995|page=[https://archive.org/details/completecatbooke00gebh/page/159 159]|url-access=registration}}</ref><ref name="Conway">{{cite book|last=Conway|first=Deanna J.|title=The Mysterious, Magickal Cat|publisher=Llewellyn Publications|year=1998|isbn=978-1567181807|page=190|quote=The Turkish Van (pronounced von) gets its name from Lake Van in western Turkey, but is actually an Armenian cat. Armenian people settled in the Lake Van region and revered this breed of cat.|author-link=D. J. Conway}} Like many, this source incorrectly equates the modern Turkish Van breed, which is actually British in origin, with the Van cat landrace.</ref> The local Armenians were said to have "revered" the cat.<ref name="Conway" /><ref name="Mooradian">{{cite book|last=Mooradian|first=Karlen|title=The Many Worlds of Arshile Gorky|publisher=Gilgamesh Pr|year=1980|pages=84, 87}}</ref>{{Rp|84}}
Among them was post-impressionist and surrealist artist [[Arshile Gorky]], later an immigrant to the United States, who sculpted Van cats in the early 1910s.<ref name="Waldman" /> Armenian writer [[Vrtanes Papazian]] wrote a short novel in which the cat has been used as a symbol of the Armenian liberation movement.<ref>{{cite book|last=Papazyan|first=Vrtanes|title=Vana Katu|publisher=Arevik Publ|year=1988|location=Yerevan}}</ref> Armenian authors [[Raffi (novelist)|Raffi]],<ref>{{cite book|author=Raffi|title=Կայծեր [Sparks] Book II|year=1884|language=hy|quote=Գալով այդ քաղաքը, թեև ծիծաղելի է, բայց պետք է խոստովանվիմ, որ իմ ամենամեծ բաղձանքներից մեկն այն էր, որ տեսնեմ Վանա հռչակավոր կատուները." Approximate translation: "Although it is funny, I have to admit that coming to the city one of my greatest expectations was seeing the famous Van cat.|author-link=Raffi (novelist)}}</ref> [[Axel Bakunts]],<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bakunts|first1=Axel|title=Մթնաձոր [The Dark Valley]|date=1927|language=hy|quote=Ներս մտավ պառավը, Վանա կապույտ փիսոն հետևից." Approximate translation: "The old woman came in after the Van cat.|author-link1=Axel Bakunts}}</ref> and [[Paruyr Sevak]]<ref>{{cite book|last1=Sevak|first1=Paruyr|title=Անլռելի զանգակատուն [The Unsilenced Bell Tower]|date=1959|language=hy|quote=Լող էին տալիս հազա՜ր ու հազա՜ր Վանա կատուներ՝ Վառվող աչքերով." Approximate translation: "Thousands of Van cats were swimming with burning eyes.|author-link1=Paruyr Sevak}}</ref> have featured Van cats in their works.
===In Ottoman and modern Turkish culture===
Cat breeder Laura Lushington (co-founder of the "[[Turkish Van]]" formal breed, from cats procured from various parts of Turkey), wrote of the local Van cats, "they are much loved and prized by the Turks for their exceptional character and unique colouring."<ref name="Pond" />
Turkish folklore has it that a Van cat was aboard [[Noah's Ark]], and that as the flood waters receded, Allah (God) blessed the cat with a ruddy patch of fur on its head when it left the ark, after which it made its way to the city of Van via [[Mount Ağrı|Mount Ararat]].<ref name="Turkish Van Cats" /> Many Van cats are all-white, however.<ref name="VanKedisi.net" />
At the end of the 19th century, Sultan [[Abdul Hamid II]] is said to have owned a Van cat, and having one is still seen as a status symbol: a [[Prime Minister of Turkey]] received one as a gift, and an ambassador from Greece put himself on a waiting list to get one. Kittens from the breeding programme could be purchased for the equivalent of [[United States dollar|US$]]282 in 2011,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/18050721.asp|title=Verimli yılın kedisi 500 TL|website=Hurriyet.com.tr|access-date=15 December 2017}}</ref>{{full citation needed|date=May 2015}} and currently the [[Turkish Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock]] does not regulate the export of these or any other cats from Turkey.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2012/09/20120921-3.htm |title= Yönetmelik: Yerli Evcil Hayvan Genetik Kaynaklarinin Kullanilmasi Ve, Yurt Dişina Çikarilmasi Hakkinda Yönetmelik ['Regulation: The Use of Genetic Resources and Domestic Pets, Regulation on the Removal of Abroad'] |date= 21 September 2012 |work= Resmî Gazete [Official Gazette] |id= Issue 28418 |publisher= Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock |location= Ankara, Turkey |language= tr |access-date= 12 February 2013 |archive-url= https://www.webcitation.org/6EODNeUN8?url=http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2012/09/20120921-3.htm |archive-date= 13 February 2013 |url-status= live |df= dmy-all }} [//www.microsofttranslator.com/bv.aspx?from=tr&to=en&a=http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2012/09/20120921-3.htm Machine translation into English].</ref> The 1991 BBC documentary indicated that the all-white cats are locally prized in Van, and even coveted by visitors. While most Van cats are feral street cats, tourists have been known to steal pet Van cats from residents, including a shopkeeper interviewed for the show.<ref name="Tabor" />
During the late 1990s, Van cats emerged as an informal [[municipal]] symbol of the city of Van – an enormous statue of a Van cat and her kitten now stands at the entrance to the city. The cat appears in a locally published comic strip, and in the logos of bus companies, [[Shopping mall|shopping centres]], and various other Van businesses.{{citation needed|date=March 2008}}
The mascot of the [[2010 FIBA World Championship]] of basketball, hosted by Turkey, was an anthropomorphised Van cat named Bascat. He had a white coat and odd eyes, one blue and one green, and his head was shaped with design cues from the crescent moon on the [[Flag of Turkey|Turkish flag]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.turkey2010.fiba.com/pages/eng/fe/10/fwcm/event-guide/p/mascot.html |title=2010 FIBA World Championship Event Guide: Mascot |publisher=[[International Basketball Federation|FIBA]] |access-date=12 September 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100914123237/http://turkey2010.fiba.com/pages/eng/fe/10/fwcm/event-guide/p/mascot.html |archive-date=14 September 2010 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==Other sources==
{{cite web |url= http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313E603BF9486D4371DDA30FFB887DE099B |title=Van Cat |work=Kultur.gov.tr |publisher=[[Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism]] |page=2005 |access-date=15 July 2009 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070929123442/http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313E603BF9486D4371DDA30FFB887DE099B |archive-date=29 September 2007}}
==External links==
{{commons category|Van Kedisi}}
*[//www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313E603BF9486D4371DDA30FFB887DE099B "Van Cat"] page at the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism website.
*[//www.vancat.org VanCat.org], an independent website about Van cats
*[//www.turkishangoracat.org/arastirma.aspx?arastirmaId=2 Study about the Van Kedisi] Van Kedisi, The Angora Cat Association, Turkey.
*[//www.turkishangoracat.org/arastirma.aspx?arastirmaId=2 Everything you wanted to know about Van Kedisi]
{{Van, Turkey}}
{{Domestic cat}}
[[Category:Cat breeds originating in Turkey]]
[[Category:Cat landraces]]' |
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext ) | '{{Distinguish|Turkish Van|Turkish Angora}}
{{Redirect|Van kedisi|the standardized breed called Turkish Vankedisi|Turkish Van}}
{{Redirect|Swimming cat|the species named the fishing cat (''Prionailurus viverrinus'')|Fishing cat|the mustelid sometimes miscalled the "fisher cat"|Fisher (animal)}}
{{Infobox cat breed
| name = Van cat
| image = VAN_CAT.png
| imagecaption = An adult [[Odd-eyed cat|odd-eyed]] Van cat
| country = [[Lake Van]] area of Turkey
| notrecognised = y
| landrace = y
| note = Van cats are a [[landrace]], not a [[Breed standard|standardized breed]].
}}
The '''Van cat''' ({{lang-tr|Van kedisi}}; {{Lang-hyw|Վանայ կատու|translit=Vana gadu}} or [[Eastern Armenian|Eastern]] {{Lang-hy|Վանա կատու|translit=Vana katu}}; {{lang-ku|pisîka Wanê|script=Latn|italic=yes}}) is a distinctive [[landrace]] of the [[domestic cat]] found in the [[Lake Van]] region of Turkey.
Van cats are relatively large, have a chalky white coat, sometimes with ruddy coloration on the head and hindquarters, and have blue or amber eyes or have heterochromia (having one eye of each colour).<ref name="Turkish Van Cats">{{cite web |url= http://cats.animal-world.com/Natural-Breeds/TurkishVanCat.php |title=Turkish Van Cats|access-date=8 April 2014}}{{tertiary}} Like many sources, this one conflates the [[Turkish Van]] formal breed, which is actually British, with the local Van cat landrace of Turkey, and so must be interpreted with caution.</ref><ref name="VanKedisi.net">{{cite web |url=http://www.vankedisi.net/ |title=Van Kedisi |work="VanKedisi.net: En Güzel Kedilerin Sitesi |access-date=12 February 2013 |language=tr |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6EO9Sdqy6?url=http://www.vankedisi.net/ |archive-date=13 February 2013 |url-status=live |df=dmy-all }} [//www.microsofttranslator.com/bv.aspx?from=tr&to=en&a=http://www.vankedisi.net/ Machine translation into English].</ref><ref name="newspot_february">[http://newspot.byegm.gov.tr/2006/february/ns11.htm] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060718110924/http://newspot.byegm.gov.tr/2006/february/ns11.htm |date=July 18, 2006 }}</ref> The variety has been referred to as "'''the swimming cat'''", and has been observed to swim in Lake Van.<ref name="Pond" /><ref name="Tabor" />
The naturally occurring Van cat type is popularly believed to be the basis of the [[Turkish Van]] breed,<ref name="Turkish Van Cats" /> as standardised and recognised by many cat fancier organizations; it has been internationally [[Selective breeding|selectively bred]] to consistently produce the ruddy head-and-tail colouring pattern on the white coat. However, one of the breed founders' own writings indicate that the four original cats used to found the formal breed came from other parts of Turkey than the Lake Van area.<ref name="Swimming">{{cite journal|last=Lushington|first=Laura|title=The Swimming Cats|journal=Animals|volume=1|issue=17|pages=24–27|year=1963|url= http://vancatblog.com/photo-gallery/?album=all&gallery=8}}</ref><ref name="Pond">{{cite book|editor=Pond, Grace|title=The Complete Cat Encyclopedia|publisher=Walter Parrish Intl.|year=1972|location=London|page=114|isbn=0-517-50140-6}}{{tertiary}}</ref> The capitalised and run-together term "Turkish {{sic|Vankedisi|hide=y|reason=Yes, it is run-together and capitalised.}}" is confusingly used by some organisations as a name for all-white specimens of the formal Turkish Van breed.<ref name="WCF list">{{cite web |url=http://www.wcf-online.de/WCF-EN/standard/rassen |title=Recognized and Admitted Breeds in the WCF |year=2012 |work=WCF-Online.de |publisher=World Cat Federation |location=Essen, Germany |access-date=13 February 2013 |archive-date=13 February 2013 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6EOfyF9KJ?url=http://www.wcf-online.de/WCF-EN/standard/rassen |url-status=live |df=dmy-all }}<!--Note: This HTML version is more current than the 2009 PDF version that is available for download from the same page, as of this accessdate.--></ref>
== History ==
[[File:KittE a Van cat kitten.jpg|thumb|right|A Van kitten from the village of Agarti (formerly Ayanis), near the city of Van, 2005]]
Van cats have been reported living in the vicinity of the city of [[Van, Turkey|Van]] and the general Lake Van area for centuries;<ref name="Pond" /> how long is uncertain. Genetic research has shown that the domestic cat's ancestor, the [[African wild cat]] (''Felis lybica lybica''), was domesticated, for rodent control, about 9,000 years ago in the Near East<ref>{{Cite web |last= Sample |first= Ian |date= 19 June 2017 |title= Africats to the Purr-ymids: DNA study reveals long tale of cat domestication |url= https://www.theguardian.com/science/2017/jun/19/africats-to-the-purr-ymids-dna-study-reveals-long-tale-of-cat-domestication |website= theguardian.com |access-date= 19 June 2017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Ottoni|first1=Claudio|last2=Van Neer|first2=Wim|last3=De Cupere|first3=Bea|last4=Daligault|first4=Julien|last5=Guimaraes|first5=Silvia|last6=Peters|first6=Joris|last7=Spassov|first7=Nikolai|last8=Prendergast|first8=Mary E.|last9=Boivin|first9=Nicole|last10=Morales-Muñiz|first10=Arturo|last11=Bălăşescu|first11=Adrian|last12=Becker|first12=Cornelia|last13=Benecke|first13=Norbert|last14=Boroneant|first14=Adina|last15=Buitenhuis|first15=Hijlke|last16=Chahoud|first16=Jwana|last17=Crowther|first17=Alison|last18=Llorente|first18=Laura|last19=Manaseryan|first19=Nina|last20=Monchot|first20=Hervé|last21=Onar|first21=Vedat|last22=Osypińska|first22=Marta|last23=Putelat|first23=Olivier|last24=Quintana Morales|first24=Eréndira M.|last25=Studer|first25=Jacqueline|last26=Wierer|first26=Ursula|last27=Decorte|first27=Ronny|last28=Grange|first28=Thierry|last29=Geigl|first29=Eva-Maria|title=The palaeogenetics of cat dispersal in the ancient world|journal=Nature Ecology & Evolution|volume=1|issue=7|year=2017|pages=0139|issn=2397-334X|doi=10.1038/s41559-017-0139}}</ref> when tribes transitioned from hunter-gathering to crop farming and settled life.<ref>{{cite news|author=Rob Stein, Washington Post |url= http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/03/22/MNJQVL9BH.DTL |title=Using DNA to track the origins of cats |publisher=Sfgate.com |date=23 March 2008 |access-date=30 November 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |doi= 10.1016/j.ygeno.2007.10.009 |title= The ascent of cat breeds: Genetic evaluations of breeds and worldwide random-bred populations |year=2008 |last1= Lipinski |first1= Monika J. |last2= Froenicke |first2= Lutz |last3= Baysac |first3= Kathleen C. |last4= Billings |first4= Nicholas C. |last5= Leutenegger |first5= Christian M. |last6= Levy |first6= Alon M. |last7= Longeri |first7= Maria |last8= Niini |first8= Tirri |last9= Ozpinar |first9= Haydar |journal= Genomics |volume= 91 |pages= 12–21 |pmid= 18060738 |issue=1 |pmc= 2267438 }}</ref> In addition, the white-spotting in domestic cats appeared at the earliest stage of cat domestication, and is one of the points of evidence of early artificial selection.<ref>{{cite journal |title= Locally Associated Alleles of Cat Coat Genes |pmid= 8182285 |year= 1994 |last1= Vinogradov |first1= AE |volume= 85 | issue= 2 |pages= 86–91 |journal= The Journal of Heredity |doi= 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a111428 }}</ref>
The landrace is named ''{{lang|tr|Van kedisi}}'' (plural {{lang|tr|kedileri}}) in Turkish, V''ana gadu'' or ''Vana katu'' ({{lang|hy|Վանա կատու}}) in Western and Eastern [[Armenian language|Armenian]], respectively, <ref>[[Paruyr Sevak]], "The Unsilenceable Belfry" (Պարույր Սևակ, ԱՆԼՌԵԼԻ ԶԱՆԳԱԿԱՏՈՒՆ), published in 1959: "...Թե՞ ազատվելու հուսահատ ճիգով Լող էին տալիս հազա՜ր ու հազա՜ր Վանա կատուներ՝Վառվող աչքերով ..."{{clarify|date=March 2012|reason=What is this Armenian phrase in English? Google Translate can only handle about half of it.}}</ref><ref name="TourArmenia">{{cite web |url= http://www.tacentral.com/features.asp?story_no=6 |title= Armenian Vans – Real "Aristocrats" |work= Tour Armenia |publisher= TACentral.com |access-date= 17 July 2009}}</ref> and ''{{lang|ku|pisîka Wanê}}'' in [[Kurdish language|Kurdish]].
== Characteristics ==
[[File:Turkish Van Cat.jpg|thumb|left|An odd-eyed Van kitten]]
Van cats are all-white,<ref name="Tabor" /> or sometimes mostly white with amber markings around the tail and ears. Locals to the Van area identify only the all-white type as Van cats, according to a 1991 BBC documentary, ''Cats'', written and presented by Roger Tabor.<ref name="Tabor">{{Cite episode |title=The Aristocats |series=Cats |network=[[BBC 2]] |date=1991 |number=5 |last1=Tabor |first1=Roger (writer/presenter) |last2=Crowther |first2=Stephanie (researcher) |time=03:50–13:20 }} The documentary distinguishes the largely feral, white Van cats (the type identified as such by Van locals) from the auburn-marked Turkish Van breed, agreeing with other sources that the latter was developed by the British in 1955 from Turkish stock. This information is also presented in Tabor's tie-in book, ''Cats: The Rise of the Cat'', {{ISBN|978-0563360117}} (1995)</ref>
Their most notable genetic characteristic is their almond-shaped eyes that often are [[Odd-eyed cat|mismatched colours]].<ref name="Turkish Van Cats" /> The most valued and valuable members of the type generally have one amber-green eye and one blue eye.
=== Behaviour ===
Van cats are known for swimming in Lake Van.<ref name="Tabor" /> This may be the source of the popular, but possibly false or exaggerated,<ref name="Hart">{{cite book |first=Robert |last=Hart |title=Hart's Original Petpourri, Vol. 1 |page=4 |isbn=9781934938621 |publisher=Langdon Street Pr |year=2010 }} Hart cites a ''Cat Fancy'' magazine article as his source.</ref> belief that the formal Turkish Van breed is innately more fond of water than the average cat. Lushington wrote: "Apart from their great capacity for affection and alert intelligence, their outstanding characteristic is their liking for water, not normally regarded as a feline attribute. They not only dabble in water and play with it, but have been known to enter ponds and even horse-troughs for a swim – they soon became famous as the 'swimming cats.{{'"}}<ref name="Pond" /> It is unclear if Lushington means the cats of the Lake Van area, or her own Turkish Van standardised breed. Tabor's BBC documentary states: "The reason for [its] fame is that the Van cat is known as 'the swimming cat'.... [H]ere at Lake Van ... these cats do enter it, and swim."<ref name="Tabor" />
== Current status ==
[[File:Van cat in breeding centre.jpg|thumb|An adult female Van cat photographed at the Van Cat Research Centre, Yüzüncü Yıl University, 2006]]
Van cats form a [[landrace]] (naturally occurring, free-breeding variety, often [[Feral cat|feral]]), not a [[Breed standard|standardized breed]] of cat.<ref name="WrightM">{{cite book |last=Wright|first=Michael |author2=Walters, Sally |title=The Book of the Cat |publisher=Pan |location=London |year=1980 |edition=1st |pages=50–52 |isbn=0-330-26153-3}}</ref> They can still be found in east Turkey, near Lake Van, although their numbers have diminished (a 1992 survey found only 92 pure Van cats in their native area).<ref name=catkit>{{cite web |url= http://www.petpublishing.com/catkit/breeds/turkishvan.shtml |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071204153246/http://www.petpublishing.com/catkit/breeds/turkishvan.shtml |archive-date=4 December 2007 |title=The Turkish Van The Swimming Cat |year=2000 |work=Cats and Kittens Magazine |publisher=Pet Pubg |access-date=15 July 2009}}</ref>There is a [[breeding program]]me for the all-white variety,<ref>{{cite book |title=Van City Guide |year=2005 |location=Ankara}}{{clarify|date=February 2013|reason=Missing most source details.}}</ref> operated by the Van Cat Research Centre (a.k.a. the Van Cat House), established in 1993 at the campus of [[Yüzüncü Yıl University]].<ref name="TAC">//www.turkishangoracat.org/arastirma.aspx?arastirmaId=2</ref> {{As of|2018||df=}}, the center housed about 350 young adults and kittens, and is open to the public for a nominal entrance fee.<ref>"Van City Guide", Ankara, 2005.</ref>
==In regional culture==
Van cats are claimed as a cultural icon by Armenians, Kurds, and Turks, who have inhabited the region at different periods in history.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://rarecatbreeds.wyrdwul.com/tvan.html|title=Turkish Van Breed Profile|access-date=14 January 2018|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160305183407/http://rarecatbreeds.wyrdwul.com/tvan.html | archive-date = 5 March 2016}}</ref>
=== In Armenian culture ===
[[Armenians]] often consider the breed to be historically Armenian,<ref>{{cite web|year=2011|title=Van Cats|url=http://www.tacentral.com/features.asp?story_no=6|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705060927/http://www.tacentral.com/features.asp?story_no=6|archive-date=5 July 2014|access-date=28 February 2015|work=TACentral.com|publisher=Tacentral.com|at=Armenia Travel, History, Archeology & Ecology | TourArmenia | Travel Guide to Armenia}}book|last=Gebhardt|first=Richard H.|url=https://archive. Armenian people settled in the Lake Van region and revered this breed of cat.|author-link=D. J. Conway}} Like many, this source incorrectly equates the modern Turkish Van breed, which is actually British in origin, with the Van cat landrace.</ref> The local Armenians were said to have "revered" the cat. <ref>{{cite book|last=Papazyan|first=Vrtanes|title=Vana Katu|publisher=Arevik Publ|year=1988|location=Yerevan}}</ref> Armenian authors [[Raffi (novelist)|Raffi]],<ref>{{cite book|author=Raffi|title=Կայծեր [Sparks] Book II|year=1884|language=hy|quote=Գալով այդ քաղաքը, թեև ծիծաղելի է, բայց պետք է խոստովանվիմ, որ իմ ամենամեծ բաղձանքներից մեկն այն էր, որ տեսնեմ Վանա հռչակավոր կատուները." Approximate translation: "Although it is funny, I have to admit that coming to the city one of my greatest expectations was seeing the famous Van cat.|author-link=Raffi (novelist)}}</ref> [[Axel Bakunts]],<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bakunts|first1=Axel|title=Մթնաձոր [The Dark Valley]|date=1927|language=hy|quote=Ներս մտավ պառավը, Վանա կապույտ փիսոն հետևից." Approximate translation: "The old woman came in after the Van cat.|author-link1=Axel Bakunts}}</ref> and [[Paruyr Sevak]]<ref>{{cite book|last1=Sevak|first1=Paruyr|title=Անլռելի զանգակատուն [The Unsilenced Bell Tower]|date=1959|language=hy|quote=Լող էին տալիս հազա՜ր ու հազա՜ր Վանա կատուներ՝ Վառվող աչքերով." Approximate translation: "Thousands of Van cats were swimming with burning eyes.|author-link1=Paruyr Sevak}}</ref> have featured Van cats in their works.
===In Ottoman and modern Turkish culture===
Cat breeder Laura Lushington (co-founder of the "[[Turkish Van]]" formal breed, from cats procured from various parts of Turkey), wrote of the local Van cats, "they are much loved and prized by the Turks for their exceptional character and unique colouring."<ref name="Pond" />
Turkish folklore has it that a Van cat was aboard [[Noah's Ark]], and that as the flood waters receded, Allah (God) blessed the cat with a ruddy patch of fur on its head when it left the ark, after which it made its way to the city of Van via [[Mount Ağrı|Mount Ararat]].<ref name="Turkish Van Cats" /> Many Van cats are all-white, however.<ref name="VanKedisi.net" />
At the end of the 19th century, Sultan [[Abdul Hamid II]] is said to have owned a Van cat, and having one is still seen as a status symbol: a [[Prime Minister of Turkey]] received one as a gift, and an ambassador from Greece put himself on a waiting list to get one. Kittens from the breeding programme could be purchased for the equivalent of [[United States dollar|US$]]282 in 2011,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/18050721.asp|title=Verimli yılın kedisi 500 TL|website=Hurriyet.com.tr|access-date=15 December 2017}}</ref>{{full citation needed|date=May 2015}} and currently the [[Turkish Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock]] does not regulate the export of these or any other cats from Turkey.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2012/09/20120921-3.htm |title= Yönetmelik: Yerli Evcil Hayvan Genetik Kaynaklarinin Kullanilmasi Ve, Yurt Dişina Çikarilmasi Hakkinda Yönetmelik ['Regulation: The Use of Genetic Resources and Domestic Pets, Regulation on the Removal of Abroad'] |date= 21 September 2012 |work= Resmî Gazete [Official Gazette] |id= Issue 28418 |publisher= Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock |location= Ankara, Turkey |language= tr |access-date= 12 February 2013 |archive-url= https://www.webcitation.org/6EODNeUN8?url=http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2012/09/20120921-3.htm |archive-date= 13 February 2013 |url-status= live |df= dmy-all }} [//www.microsofttranslator.com/bv.aspx?from=tr&to=en&a=http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2012/09/20120921-3.htm Machine translation into English].</ref> The 1991 BBC documentary indicated that the all-white cats are locally prized in Van, and even coveted by visitors. While most Van cats are feral street cats, tourists have been known to steal pet Van cats from residents, including a shopkeeper interviewed for the show.<ref name="Tabor" />
During the late 1990s, Van cats emerged as an informal [[municipal]] symbol of the city of Van – an enormous statue of a Van cat and her kitten now stands at the entrance to the city. The cat appears in a locally published comic strip, and in the logos of bus companies, [[Shopping mall|shopping centres]], and various other Van businesses.{{citation needed|date=March 2008}}
The mascot of the [[2010 FIBA World Championship]] of basketball, hosted by Turkey, was an anthropomorphised Van cat named Bascat. He had a white coat and odd eyes, one blue and one green, and his head was shaped with design cues from the crescent moon on the [[Flag of Turkey|Turkish flag]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.turkey2010.fiba.com/pages/eng/fe/10/fwcm/event-guide/p/mascot.html |title=2010 FIBA World Championship Event Guide: Mascot |publisher=[[International Basketball Federation|FIBA]] |access-date=12 September 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100914123237/http://turkey2010.fiba.com/pages/eng/fe/10/fwcm/event-guide/p/mascot.html |archive-date=14 September 2010 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==Other sources==
{{cite web |url= http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313E603BF9486D4371DDA30FFB887DE099B |title=Van Cat |work=Kultur.gov.tr |publisher=[[Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism]] |page=2005 |access-date=15 July 2009 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070929123442/http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313E603BF9486D4371DDA30FFB887DE099B |archive-date=29 September 2007}}
==External links==
{{commons category|Van Kedisi}}
*[//www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313E603BF9486D4371DDA30FFB887DE099B "Van Cat"] page at the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism website.
*[//www.vancat.org VanCat.org], an independent website about Van cats
*[//www.turkishangoracat.org/arastirma.aspx?arastirmaId=2 Study about the Van Kedisi] Van Kedisi, The Angora Cat Association, Turkey.
*[//www.turkishangoracat.org/arastirma.aspx?arastirmaId=2 Everything you wanted to know about Van Kedisi]
{{Van, Turkey}}
{{Domestic cat}}
[[Category:Cat breeds originating in Turkey]]
[[Category:Cat landraces]]' |
Unified diff of changes made by edit (edit_diff ) | '@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@
=== In Armenian culture ===
-[[Armenians]] often consider the breed to be historically Armenian,<ref>{{cite web|year=2011|title=Van Cats|url=http://www.tacentral.com/features.asp?story_no=6|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705060927/http://www.tacentral.com/features.asp?story_no=6|archive-date=5 July 2014|access-date=28 February 2015|work=TACentral.com|publisher=Tacentral.com|at=Armenia Travel, History, Archeology & Ecology | TourArmenia | Travel Guide to Armenia}}</ref> as the Lake Van area [[Lake Van#Armenian kingdoms|had a large Armenian population]] and was within the Armenian homeland prior to their local extermination during the [[Armenian genocide|genocide of 1915]]. <ref>{{cite book|last=Landau|first=Ronnie S.|url=https://archive.org/details/studyingholocaus00land|title=Studying the Holocaust: Issues, Readings, and Documents|year=1998|page=[https://archive.org/details/studyingholocaus00land/page/n112 101]|url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="Waldman">{{cite book|last=Waldman|first=Diane|title=Arshile Gorky, 1904–1948: A Retrospective|publisher=H.N. Abrams Books|year=1981|page=255}}</ref> <ref>Values as provided by [[:File:Armenian population of Van province in 1896.png]]</ref><ref name="Gebhardt">{{cite book|last=Gebhardt|first=Richard H.|url=https://archive.org/details/completecatbooke00gebh|title=Complete Cat Book: Expert Advice on Every Phase of Cat Ownership|year=1995|page=[https://archive.org/details/completecatbooke00gebh/page/159 159]|url-access=registration}}</ref><ref name="Conway">{{cite book|last=Conway|first=Deanna J.|title=The Mysterious, Magickal Cat|publisher=Llewellyn Publications|year=1998|isbn=978-1567181807|page=190|quote=The Turkish Van (pronounced von) gets its name from Lake Van in western Turkey, but is actually an Armenian cat. Armenian people settled in the Lake Van region and revered this breed of cat.|author-link=D. J. Conway}} Like many, this source incorrectly equates the modern Turkish Van breed, which is actually British in origin, with the Van cat landrace.</ref> The local Armenians were said to have "revered" the cat.<ref name="Conway" /><ref name="Mooradian">{{cite book|last=Mooradian|first=Karlen|title=The Many Worlds of Arshile Gorky|publisher=Gilgamesh Pr|year=1980|pages=84, 87}}</ref>{{Rp|84}}
-
-Among them was post-impressionist and surrealist artist [[Arshile Gorky]], later an immigrant to the United States, who sculpted Van cats in the early 1910s.<ref name="Waldman" /> Armenian writer [[Vrtanes Papazian]] wrote a short novel in which the cat has been used as a symbol of the Armenian liberation movement.<ref>{{cite book|last=Papazyan|first=Vrtanes|title=Vana Katu|publisher=Arevik Publ|year=1988|location=Yerevan}}</ref> Armenian authors [[Raffi (novelist)|Raffi]],<ref>{{cite book|author=Raffi|title=Կայծեր [Sparks] Book II|year=1884|language=hy|quote=Գալով այդ քաղաքը, թեև ծիծաղելի է, բայց պետք է խոստովանվիմ, որ իմ ամենամեծ բաղձանքներից մեկն այն էր, որ տեսնեմ Վանա հռչակավոր կատուները." Approximate translation: "Although it is funny, I have to admit that coming to the city one of my greatest expectations was seeing the famous Van cat.|author-link=Raffi (novelist)}}</ref> [[Axel Bakunts]],<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bakunts|first1=Axel|title=Մթնաձոր [The Dark Valley]|date=1927|language=hy|quote=Ներս մտավ պառավը, Վանա կապույտ փիսոն հետևից." Approximate translation: "The old woman came in after the Van cat.|author-link1=Axel Bakunts}}</ref> and [[Paruyr Sevak]]<ref>{{cite book|last1=Sevak|first1=Paruyr|title=Անլռելի զանգակատուն [The Unsilenced Bell Tower]|date=1959|language=hy|quote=Լող էին տալիս հազա՜ր ու հազա՜ր Վանա կատուներ՝ Վառվող աչքերով." Approximate translation: "Thousands of Van cats were swimming with burning eyes.|author-link1=Paruyr Sevak}}</ref> have featured Van cats in their works.
+[[Armenians]] often consider the breed to be historically Armenian,<ref>{{cite web|year=2011|title=Van Cats|url=http://www.tacentral.com/features.asp?story_no=6|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705060927/http://www.tacentral.com/features.asp?story_no=6|archive-date=5 July 2014|access-date=28 February 2015|work=TACentral.com|publisher=Tacentral.com|at=Armenia Travel, History, Archeology & Ecology | TourArmenia | Travel Guide to Armenia}}book|last=Gebhardt|first=Richard H.|url=https://archive. Armenian people settled in the Lake Van region and revered this breed of cat.|author-link=D. J. Conway}} Like many, this source incorrectly equates the modern Turkish Van breed, which is actually British in origin, with the Van cat landrace.</ref> The local Armenians were said to have "revered" the cat. <ref>{{cite book|last=Papazyan|first=Vrtanes|title=Vana Katu|publisher=Arevik Publ|year=1988|location=Yerevan}}</ref> Armenian authors [[Raffi (novelist)|Raffi]],<ref>{{cite book|author=Raffi|title=Կայծեր [Sparks] Book II|year=1884|language=hy|quote=Գալով այդ քաղաքը, թեև ծիծաղելի է, բայց պետք է խոստովանվիմ, որ իմ ամենամեծ բաղձանքներից մեկն այն էր, որ տեսնեմ Վանա հռչակավոր կատուները." Approximate translation: "Although it is funny, I have to admit that coming to the city one of my greatest expectations was seeing the famous Van cat.|author-link=Raffi (novelist)}}</ref> [[Axel Bakunts]],<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bakunts|first1=Axel|title=Մթնաձոր [The Dark Valley]|date=1927|language=hy|quote=Ներս մտավ պառավը, Վանա կապույտ փիսոն հետևից." Approximate translation: "The old woman came in after the Van cat.|author-link1=Axel Bakunts}}</ref> and [[Paruyr Sevak]]<ref>{{cite book|last1=Sevak|first1=Paruyr|title=Անլռելի զանգակատուն [The Unsilenced Bell Tower]|date=1959|language=hy|quote=Լող էին տալիս հազա՜ր ու հազա՜ր Վանա կատուներ՝ Վառվող աչքերով." Approximate translation: "Thousands of Van cats were swimming with burning eyes.|author-link1=Paruyr Sevak}}</ref> have featured Van cats in their works.
+
===In Ottoman and modern Turkish culture===
Cat breeder Laura Lushington (co-founder of the "[[Turkish Van]]" formal breed, from cats procured from various parts of Turkey), wrote of the local Van cats, "they are much loved and prized by the Turks for their exceptional character and unique colouring."<ref name="Pond" />
' |
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0 => '[[Armenians]] often consider the breed to be historically Armenian,<ref>{{cite web|year=2011|title=Van Cats|url=http://www.tacentral.com/features.asp?story_no=6|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705060927/http://www.tacentral.com/features.asp?story_no=6|archive-date=5 July 2014|access-date=28 February 2015|work=TACentral.com|publisher=Tacentral.com|at=Armenia Travel, History, Archeology & Ecology | TourArmenia | Travel Guide to Armenia}}book|last=Gebhardt|first=Richard H.|url=https://archive. Armenian people settled in the Lake Van region and revered this breed of cat.|author-link=D. J. Conway}} Like many, this source incorrectly equates the modern Turkish Van breed, which is actually British in origin, with the Van cat landrace.</ref> The local Armenians were said to have "revered" the cat. <ref>{{cite book|last=Papazyan|first=Vrtanes|title=Vana Katu|publisher=Arevik Publ|year=1988|location=Yerevan}}</ref> Armenian authors [[Raffi (novelist)|Raffi]],<ref>{{cite book|author=Raffi|title=Կայծեր [Sparks] Book II|year=1884|language=hy|quote=Գալով այդ քաղաքը, թեև ծիծաղելի է, բայց պետք է խոստովանվիմ, որ իմ ամենամեծ բաղձանքներից մեկն այն էր, որ տեսնեմ Վանա հռչակավոր կատուները." Approximate translation: "Although it is funny, I have to admit that coming to the city one of my greatest expectations was seeing the famous Van cat.|author-link=Raffi (novelist)}}</ref> [[Axel Bakunts]],<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bakunts|first1=Axel|title=Մթնաձոր [The Dark Valley]|date=1927|language=hy|quote=Ներս մտավ պառավը, Վանա կապույտ փիսոն հետևից." Approximate translation: "The old woman came in after the Van cat.|author-link1=Axel Bakunts}}</ref> and [[Paruyr Sevak]]<ref>{{cite book|last1=Sevak|first1=Paruyr|title=Անլռելի զանգակատուն [The Unsilenced Bell Tower]|date=1959|language=hy|quote=Լող էին տալիս հազա՜ր ու հազա՜ր Վանա կատուներ՝ Վառվող աչքերով." Approximate translation: "Thousands of Van cats were swimming with burning eyes.|author-link1=Paruyr Sevak}}</ref> have featured Van cats in their works.',
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0 => '[[Armenians]] often consider the breed to be historically Armenian,<ref>{{cite web|year=2011|title=Van Cats|url=http://www.tacentral.com/features.asp?story_no=6|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140705060927/http://www.tacentral.com/features.asp?story_no=6|archive-date=5 July 2014|access-date=28 February 2015|work=TACentral.com|publisher=Tacentral.com|at=Armenia Travel, History, Archeology & Ecology | TourArmenia | Travel Guide to Armenia}}</ref> as the Lake Van area [[Lake Van#Armenian kingdoms|had a large Armenian population]] and was within the Armenian homeland prior to their local extermination during the [[Armenian genocide|genocide of 1915]]. <ref>{{cite book|last=Landau|first=Ronnie S.|url=https://archive.org/details/studyingholocaus00land|title=Studying the Holocaust: Issues, Readings, and Documents|year=1998|page=[https://archive.org/details/studyingholocaus00land/page/n112 101]|url-access=limited}}</ref><ref name="Waldman">{{cite book|last=Waldman|first=Diane|title=Arshile Gorky, 1904–1948: A Retrospective|publisher=H.N. Abrams Books|year=1981|page=255}}</ref> <ref>Values as provided by [[:File:Armenian population of Van province in 1896.png]]</ref><ref name="Gebhardt">{{cite book|last=Gebhardt|first=Richard H.|url=https://archive.org/details/completecatbooke00gebh|title=Complete Cat Book: Expert Advice on Every Phase of Cat Ownership|year=1995|page=[https://archive.org/details/completecatbooke00gebh/page/159 159]|url-access=registration}}</ref><ref name="Conway">{{cite book|last=Conway|first=Deanna J.|title=The Mysterious, Magickal Cat|publisher=Llewellyn Publications|year=1998|isbn=978-1567181807|page=190|quote=The Turkish Van (pronounced von) gets its name from Lake Van in western Turkey, but is actually an Armenian cat. Armenian people settled in the Lake Van region and revered this breed of cat.|author-link=D. J. Conway}} Like many, this source incorrectly equates the modern Turkish Van breed, which is actually British in origin, with the Van cat landrace.</ref> The local Armenians were said to have "revered" the cat.<ref name="Conway" /><ref name="Mooradian">{{cite book|last=Mooradian|first=Karlen|title=The Many Worlds of Arshile Gorky|publisher=Gilgamesh Pr|year=1980|pages=84, 87}}</ref>{{Rp|84}}',
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Parsed HTML source of the new revision (new_html ) | '<div class="mw-parser-output"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1033289096">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Van" title="Turkish Van">Turkish Van</a> or <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Angora" title="Turkish Angora">Turkish Angora</a>.</div>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"/><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Van kedisi" redirects here. For the standardized breed called Turkish Vankedisi, see <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Van" title="Turkish Van">Turkish Van</a>.</div>
<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"/><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Swimming cat" redirects here. For the species named the fishing cat (<i>Prionailurus viverrinus</i>), see <a href="/wiki/Fishing_cat" title="Fishing cat">Fishing cat</a>. For the mustelid sometimes miscalled the "fisher cat", see <a href="/wiki/Fisher_(animal)" title="Fisher (animal)">Fisher (animal)</a>.</div>
<div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Breed of cat</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066479718">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox biota"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above breed" style="background-color: #d3d3a4;">Van cat</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:VAN_CAT.png" class="image"><img alt="VAN CAT.png" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/VAN_CAT.png/220px-VAN_CAT.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="3840" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">An adult <a href="/wiki/Odd-eyed_cat" title="Odd-eyed cat">odd-eyed</a> Van cat</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Origin</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lake_Van" title="Lake Van">Lake Van</a> area of Turkey</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Variety status</th><td class="infobox-data">Not recognised as a <a href="/wiki/Breed_standard" title="Breed standard">standardised breed</a> by any major <a href="/wiki/Cat_registry" title="Cat registry">breed registry</a>.</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #d3d3a4;">Notes</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="text-align: left;">Van cats are a <a href="/wiki/Landrace" title="Landrace">landrace</a>, not a <a href="/wiki/Breed_standard" title="Breed standard">standardized breed</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="background-color: #d3d3a4;"><span class="vernacular"><a href="/wiki/Cat" title="Cat">Domestic cat</a></span> (<span class="binominal"><i>Felis catus</i></span>)</td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>The <b>Van cat</b> (<a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>: <i lang="tr">Van kedisi</i>; <a href="/wiki/Western_Armenian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Armenian language">Western Armenian</a>: <span lang="hyw">Վանայ կատու</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Western Armenian-language romanization"><i lang="hyw-Latn">Vana gadu</i></span> or <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Armenian" title="Eastern Armenian">Eastern</a> <a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>: <span lang="hy">Վանա կատու</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Armenian" title="Romanization of Armenian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Armenian-language romanization"><i lang="hy-Latn">Vana katu</i></span>; <a href="/wiki/Kurdish_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdish language">Kurdish</a>: <i lang="ku-Latn">pisîka Wanê</i>) is a distinctive <a href="/wiki/Landrace" title="Landrace">landrace</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Domestic_cat" class="mw-redirect" title="Domestic cat">domestic cat</a> found in the <a href="/wiki/Lake_Van" title="Lake Van">Lake Van</a> region of Turkey.
</p><p>Van cats are relatively large, have a chalky white coat, sometimes with ruddy coloration on the head and hindquarters, and have blue or amber eyes or have heterochromia (having one eye of each colour).<sup id="cite_ref-Turkish_Van_Cats_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Turkish_Van_Cats-1">[1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-VanKedisi.net_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VanKedisi.net-2">[2]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-newspot_february_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newspot_february-3">[3]</a></sup> The variety has been referred to as "<b>the swimming cat</b>", and has been observed to swim in Lake Van.<sup id="cite_ref-Pond_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pond-4">[4]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tabor_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tabor-5">[5]</a></sup>
</p><p>The naturally occurring Van cat type is popularly believed to be the basis of the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Van" title="Turkish Van">Turkish Van</a> breed,<sup id="cite_ref-Turkish_Van_Cats_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Turkish_Van_Cats-1">[1]</a></sup> as standardised and recognised by many cat fancier organizations; it has been internationally <a href="/wiki/Selective_breeding" title="Selective breeding">selectively bred</a> to consistently produce the ruddy head-and-tail colouring pattern on the white coat. However, one of the breed founders' own writings indicate that the four original cats used to found the formal breed came from other parts of Turkey than the Lake Van area.<sup id="cite_ref-Swimming_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swimming-6">[6]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Pond_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pond-4">[4]</a></sup> The capitalised and run-together term "Turkish Vankedisi" is confusingly used by some organisations as a name for all-white specimens of the formal Turkish Van breed.<sup id="cite_ref-WCF_list_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WCF_list-7">[7]</a></sup>
</p>
<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Characteristics"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Characteristics</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Behaviour"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Behaviour</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Current_status"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Current status</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#In_regional_culture"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">In regional culture</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#In_Armenian_culture"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">In Armenian culture</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#In_Ottoman_and_modern_Turkish_culture"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">In Ottoman and modern Turkish culture</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Other_sources"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Other sources</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="History">History</span></h2>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/wiki/File:KittE_a_Van_cat_kitten.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/28/KittE_a_Van_cat_kitten.jpg/220px-KittE_a_Van_cat_kitten.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:KittE_a_Van_cat_kitten.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>A Van kitten from the village of Agarti (formerly Ayanis), near the city of Van, 2005</div></div></div>
<p>Van cats have been reported living in the vicinity of the city of <a href="/wiki/Van,_Turkey" title="Van, Turkey">Van</a> and the general Lake Van area for centuries;<sup id="cite_ref-Pond_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pond-4">[4]</a></sup> how long is uncertain. Genetic research has shown that the domestic cat's ancestor, the <a href="/wiki/African_wild_cat" class="mw-redirect" title="African wild cat">African wild cat</a> (<i>Felis lybica lybica</i>), was domesticated, for rodent control, about 9,000 years ago in the Near East<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup> when tribes transitioned from hunter-gathering to crop farming and settled life.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a></sup> In addition, the white-spotting in domestic cats appeared at the earliest stage of cat domestication, and is one of the points of evidence of early artificial selection.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a></sup>
</p><p>The landrace is named <i><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Van kedisi</i></span></i> (plural <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">kedileri</i></span>) in Turkish, V<i>ana gadu</i> or <i>Vana katu</i> (<span title="Armenian-language text"><span lang="hy">Վանա կատու</span></span>) in Western and Eastern <a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a>, respectively, <sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TourArmenia_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TourArmenia-14">[14]</a></sup> and <i><span title="Kurdish-language text"><i lang="ku">pisîka Wanê</i></span></i> in <a href="/wiki/Kurdish_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdish language">Kurdish</a>.
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Characteristics">Characteristics</span></h2>
<div class="thumb tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkish_Van_Cat.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Turkish_Van_Cat.jpg/220px-Turkish_Van_Cat.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="242" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="1268" data-file-height="1392" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkish_Van_Cat.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>An odd-eyed Van kitten</div></div></div>
<p>Van cats are all-white,<sup id="cite_ref-Tabor_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tabor-5">[5]</a></sup> or sometimes mostly white with amber markings around the tail and ears. Locals to the Van area identify only the all-white type as Van cats, according to a 1991 BBC documentary, <i>Cats</i>, written and presented by Roger Tabor.<sup id="cite_ref-Tabor_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tabor-5">[5]</a></sup>
</p><p>Their most notable genetic characteristic is their almond-shaped eyes that often are <a href="/wiki/Odd-eyed_cat" title="Odd-eyed cat">mismatched colours</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Turkish_Van_Cats_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Turkish_Van_Cats-1">[1]</a></sup> The most valued and valuable members of the type generally have one amber-green eye and one blue eye.
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Behaviour">Behaviour</span></h3>
<p>Van cats are known for swimming in Lake Van.<sup id="cite_ref-Tabor_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tabor-5">[5]</a></sup> This may be the source of the popular, but possibly false or exaggerated,<sup id="cite_ref-Hart_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hart-15">[15]</a></sup> belief that the formal Turkish Van breed is innately more fond of water than the average cat. Lushington wrote: "Apart from their great capacity for affection and alert intelligence, their outstanding characteristic is their liking for water, not normally regarded as a feline attribute. They not only dabble in water and play with it, but have been known to enter ponds and even horse-troughs for a swim – they soon became famous as the 'swimming cats.<span style="padding-right:.15em;">'</span>"<sup id="cite_ref-Pond_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pond-4">[4]</a></sup> It is unclear if Lushington means the cats of the Lake Van area, or her own Turkish Van standardised breed. Tabor's BBC documentary states: "The reason for [its] fame is that the Van cat is known as 'the swimming cat'.... [H]ere at Lake Van ... these cats do enter it, and swim."<sup id="cite_ref-Tabor_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tabor-5">[5]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Current_status">Current status</span></h2>
<div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Van_cat_in_breeding_centre.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Van_cat_in_breeding_centre.jpg/220px-Van_cat_in_breeding_centre.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="thumbimage" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="600" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Van_cat_in_breeding_centre.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>An adult female Van cat photographed at the Van Cat Research Centre, Yüzüncü Yıl University, 2006</div></div></div>
<p>Van cats form a <a href="/wiki/Landrace" title="Landrace">landrace</a> (naturally occurring, free-breeding variety, often <a href="/wiki/Feral_cat" title="Feral cat">feral</a>), not a <a href="/wiki/Breed_standard" title="Breed standard">standardized breed</a> of cat.<sup id="cite_ref-WrightM_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WrightM-16">[16]</a></sup> They can still be found in east Turkey, near Lake Van, although their numbers have diminished (a 1992 survey found only 92 pure Van cats in their native area).<sup id="cite_ref-catkit_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-catkit-17">[17]</a></sup>There is a <a href="/wiki/Breeding_program" title="Breeding program">breeding programme</a> for the all-white variety,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></sup> operated by the Van Cat Research Centre (a.k.a. the Van Cat House), established in 1993 at the campus of <a href="/wiki/Y%C3%BCz%C3%BCnc%C3%BC_Y%C4%B1l_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Yüzüncü Yıl University">Yüzüncü Yıl University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-TAC_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TAC-19">[19]</a></sup> As of 2018<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Van_cat&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the center housed about 350 young adults and kittens, and is open to the public for a nominal entrance fee.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="In_regional_culture">In regional culture</span></h2>
<p>Van cats are claimed as a cultural icon by Armenians, Kurds, and Turks, who have inhabited the region at different periods in history.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></sup>
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="In_Armenian_culture">In Armenian culture</span></h3>
<p><a href="/wiki/Armenians" title="Armenians">Armenians</a> often consider the breed to be historically Armenian,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></sup> The local Armenians were said to have "revered" the cat. <sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a></sup> Armenian authors <a href="/wiki/Raffi_(novelist)" title="Raffi (novelist)">Raffi</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Axel_Bakunts" title="Axel Bakunts">Axel Bakunts</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Paruyr_Sevak" title="Paruyr Sevak">Paruyr Sevak</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a></sup> have featured Van cats in their works.
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="In_Ottoman_and_modern_Turkish_culture">In Ottoman and modern Turkish culture</span></h3>
<p>Cat breeder Laura Lushington (co-founder of the "<a href="/wiki/Turkish_Van" title="Turkish Van">Turkish Van</a>" formal breed, from cats procured from various parts of Turkey), wrote of the local Van cats, "they are much loved and prized by the Turks for their exceptional character and unique colouring."<sup id="cite_ref-Pond_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pond-4">[4]</a></sup>
</p><p>Turkish folklore has it that a Van cat was aboard <a href="/wiki/Noah%27s_Ark" title="Noah's Ark">Noah's Ark</a>, and that as the flood waters receded, Allah (God) blessed the cat with a ruddy patch of fur on its head when it left the ark, after which it made its way to the city of Van via <a href="/wiki/Mount_A%C4%9Fr%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Ağrı">Mount Ararat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Turkish_Van_Cats_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Turkish_Van_Cats-1">[1]</a></sup> Many Van cats are all-white, however.<sup id="cite_ref-VanKedisi.net_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VanKedisi.net-2">[2]</a></sup>
</p><p>At the end of the 19th century, Sultan <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hamid_II" title="Abdul Hamid II">Abdul Hamid II</a> is said to have owned a Van cat, and having one is still seen as a status symbol: a <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Turkey" title="Prime Minister of Turkey">Prime Minister of Turkey</a> received one as a gift, and an ambassador from Greece put himself on a waiting list to get one. Kittens from the breeding programme could be purchased for the equivalent of <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>282 in 2011,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#What_information_to_include" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="A complete citation is needed. (May 2015)">full citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and currently the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkish_Ministry_of_Food,_Agriculture_and_Livestock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turkish Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock (page does not exist)">Turkish Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock</a> does not regulate the export of these or any other cats from Turkey.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a></sup> The 1991 BBC documentary indicated that the all-white cats are locally prized in Van, and even coveted by visitors. While most Van cats are feral street cats, tourists have been known to steal pet Van cats from residents, including a shopkeeper interviewed for the show.<sup id="cite_ref-Tabor_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tabor-5">[5]</a></sup>
</p><p>During the late 1990s, Van cats emerged as an informal <a href="/wiki/Municipal" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipal">municipal</a> symbol of the city of Van – an enormous statue of a Van cat and her kitten now stands at the entrance to the city. The cat appears in a locally published comic strip, and in the logos of bus companies, <a href="/wiki/Shopping_mall" title="Shopping mall">shopping centres</a>, and various other Van businesses.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>
</p><p>The mascot of the <a href="/wiki/2010_FIBA_World_Championship" title="2010 FIBA World Championship">2010 FIBA World Championship</a> of basketball, hosted by Turkey, was an anthropomorphised Van cat named Bascat. He had a white coat and odd eyes, one blue and one green, and his head was shaped with design cues from the crescent moon on the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Turkey" title="Flag of Turkey">Turkish flag</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a></sup>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span></h2>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1011085734">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist">
<div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-Turkish_Van_Cats-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Turkish_Van_Cats_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Turkish_Van_Cats_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Turkish_Van_Cats_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Turkish_Van_Cats_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1067248974">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cats.animal-world.com/Natural-Breeds/TurkishVanCat.php">"Turkish Van Cats"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turkish+Van+Cats&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcats.animal-world.com%2FNatural-Breeds%2FTurkishVanCat.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span> <small>This <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tertiary_sources" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Tertiary sources">tertiary source</a> reuses information from other sources but does not name them.</small> Like many sources, this one conflates the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Van" title="Turkish Van">Turkish Van</a> formal breed, which is actually British, with the local Van cat landrace of Turkey, and so must be interpreted with caution.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-VanKedisi.net-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-VanKedisi.net_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-VanKedisi.net_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vankedisi.net/">"Van Kedisi"</a>. <i>"VanKedisi.net: En Güzel Kedilerin Sitesi</i> (in Turkish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6EO9Sdqy6?url=http://www.vankedisi.net/">Archived</a> from the original on 13 February 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%22VanKedisi.net%3A+En+G%C3%BCzel+Kedilerin+Sitesi&rft.atitle=Van+Kedisi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vankedisi.net%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.microsofttranslator.com/bv.aspx?from=tr&to=en&a=http://www.vankedisi.net/">Machine translation into English</a>.</span>
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<li id="cite_note-newspot_february-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-newspot_february_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://newspot.byegm.gov.tr/2006/february/ns11.htm">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060718110924/http://newspot.byegm.gov.tr/2006/february/ns11.htm">Archived</a> July 18, 2006, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Pond-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pond_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pond_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pond_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pond_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pond_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFPond,_Grace1972" class="citation book cs1">Pond, Grace, ed. (1972). <i>The Complete Cat Encyclopedia</i>. London: Walter Parrish Intl. p. 114. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-517-50140-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-517-50140-6"><bdi>0-517-50140-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Cat+Encyclopedia&rft.place=London&rft.pages=114&rft.pub=Walter+Parrish+Intl.&rft.date=1972&rft.isbn=0-517-50140-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span> <small>This <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tertiary_sources" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Tertiary sources">tertiary source</a> reuses information from other sources but does not name them.</small></span>
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<li id="cite_note-Tabor-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tabor_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tabor_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tabor_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tabor_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tabor_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tabor_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFTaborCrowther1991" class="citation episode cs1">Tabor, Roger (writer/presenter); Crowther, Stephanie (researcher) (1991). "The Aristocats". <i>Cats</i>. Episode 5. Event occurs at 03:50–13:20. <a href="/wiki/BBC_2" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC 2">BBC 2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cats&rft.series=Episode+5&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Tabor&rft.aufirst=Roger+%28writer%2Fpresenter%29&rft.au=Crowther%2C+Stephanie+%28researcher%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span> The documentary distinguishes the largely feral, white Van cats (the type identified as such by Van locals) from the auburn-marked Turkish Van breed, agreeing with other sources that the latter was developed by the British in 1955 from Turkish stock. This information is also presented in Tabor's tie-in book, <i>Cats: The Rise of the Cat</i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0563360117" title="Special:BookSources/978-0563360117">978-0563360117</a> (1995)</span>
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<li id="cite_note-Swimming-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Swimming_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFLushington1963" class="citation journal cs1">Lushington, Laura (1963). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vancatblog.com/photo-gallery/?album=all&gallery=8">"The Swimming Cats"</a>. <i>Animals</i>. <b>1</b> (17): 24–27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Animals&rft.atitle=The+Swimming+Cats&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=17&rft.pages=24-27&rft.date=1963&rft.aulast=Lushington&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvancatblog.com%2Fphoto-gallery%2F%3Falbum%3Dall%26gallery%3D8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-WCF_list-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WCF_list_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wcf-online.de/WCF-EN/standard/rassen">"Recognized and Admitted Breeds in the WCF"</a>. <i>WCF-Online.de</i>. Essen, Germany: World Cat Federation. 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6EOfyF9KJ?url=http://www.wcf-online.de/WCF-EN/standard/rassen">Archived</a> from the original on 13 February 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WCF-Online.de&rft.atitle=Recognized+and+Admitted+Breeds+in+the+WCF&rft.date=2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcf-online.de%2FWCF-EN%2Fstandard%2Frassen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFSample2017" class="citation web cs1">Sample, Ian (19 June 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/science/2017/jun/19/africats-to-the-purr-ymids-dna-study-reveals-long-tale-of-cat-domestication">"Africats to the Purr-ymids: DNA study reveals long tale of cat domestication"</a>. <i>theguardian.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=theguardian.com&rft.atitle=Africats+to+the+Purr-ymids%3A+DNA+study+reveals+long+tale+of+cat+domestication&rft.date=2017-06-19&rft.aulast=Sample&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fscience%2F2017%2Fjun%2F19%2Fafricats-to-the-purr-ymids-dna-study-reveals-long-tale-of-cat-domestication&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFOttoniVan_NeerDe_CupereDaligault2017" class="citation journal cs1">Ottoni, Claudio; Van Neer, Wim; De Cupere, Bea; Daligault, Julien; Guimaraes, Silvia; Peters, Joris; Spassov, Nikolai; Prendergast, Mary E.; Boivin, Nicole; Morales-Muñiz, Arturo; Bălăşescu, Adrian; Becker, Cornelia; Benecke, Norbert; Boroneant, Adina; Buitenhuis, Hijlke; Chahoud, Jwana; Crowther, Alison; Llorente, Laura; Manaseryan, Nina; Monchot, Hervé; Onar, Vedat; Osypińska, Marta; Putelat, Olivier; Quintana Morales, Eréndira M.; Studer, Jacqueline; Wierer, Ursula; Decorte, Ronny; Grange, Thierry; Geigl, Eva-Maria (2017). "The palaeogenetics of cat dispersal in the ancient world". <i>Nature Ecology & Evolution</i>. <b>1</b> (7): 0139. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fs41559-017-0139">10.1038/s41559-017-0139</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/2397-334X">2397-334X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Ecology+%26+Evolution&rft.atitle=The+palaeogenetics+of+cat+dispersal+in+the+ancient+world&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=0139&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fs41559-017-0139&rft.issn=2397-334X&rft.aulast=Ottoni&rft.aufirst=Claudio&rft.au=Van+Neer%2C+Wim&rft.au=De+Cupere%2C+Bea&rft.au=Daligault%2C+Julien&rft.au=Guimaraes%2C+Silvia&rft.au=Peters%2C+Joris&rft.au=Spassov%2C+Nikolai&rft.au=Prendergast%2C+Mary+E.&rft.au=Boivin%2C+Nicole&rft.au=Morales-Mu%C3%B1iz%2C+Arturo&rft.au=B%C4%83l%C4%83%C5%9Fescu%2C+Adrian&rft.au=Becker%2C+Cornelia&rft.au=Benecke%2C+Norbert&rft.au=Boroneant%2C+Adina&rft.au=Buitenhuis%2C+Hijlke&rft.au=Chahoud%2C+Jwana&rft.au=Crowther%2C+Alison&rft.au=Llorente%2C+Laura&rft.au=Manaseryan%2C+Nina&rft.au=Monchot%2C+Herv%C3%A9&rft.au=Onar%2C+Vedat&rft.au=Osypi%C5%84ska%2C+Marta&rft.au=Putelat%2C+Olivier&rft.au=Quintana+Morales%2C+Er%C3%A9ndira+M.&rft.au=Studer%2C+Jacqueline&rft.au=Wierer%2C+Ursula&rft.au=Decorte%2C+Ronny&rft.au=Grange%2C+Thierry&rft.au=Geigl%2C+Eva-Maria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFRob_Stein,_Washington_Post2008" class="citation news cs1">Rob Stein, Washington Post (23 March 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/03/22/MNJQVL9BH.DTL">"Using DNA to track the origins of cats"</a>. Sfgate.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Using+DNA+to+track+the+origins+of+cats&rft.date=2008-03-23&rft.au=Rob+Stein%2C+Washington+Post&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfgate.com%2Fcgi-bin%2Farticle.cgi%3Ff%3D%2Fc%2Fa%2F2008%2F03%2F22%2FMNJQVL9BH.DTL&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFLipinskiFroenickeBaysacBillings2008" class="citation journal cs1">Lipinski, Monika J.; Froenicke, Lutz; Baysac, Kathleen C.; Billings, Nicholas C.; Leutenegger, Christian M.; Levy, Alon M.; Longeri, Maria; Niini, Tirri; Ozpinar, Haydar (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2267438">"The ascent of cat breeds: Genetic evaluations of breeds and worldwide random-bred populations"</a>. <i>Genomics</i>. <b>91</b> (1): 12–21. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ygeno.2007.10.009">10.1016/j.ygeno.2007.10.009</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2267438">2267438</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18060738">18060738</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Genomics&rft.atitle=The+ascent+of+cat+breeds%3A+Genetic+evaluations+of+breeds+and+worldwide+random-bred+populations&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=12-21&rft.date=2008&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2267438%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18060738&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.ygeno.2007.10.009&rft.aulast=Lipinski&rft.aufirst=Monika+J.&rft.au=Froenicke%2C+Lutz&rft.au=Baysac%2C+Kathleen+C.&rft.au=Billings%2C+Nicholas+C.&rft.au=Leutenegger%2C+Christian+M.&rft.au=Levy%2C+Alon+M.&rft.au=Longeri%2C+Maria&rft.au=Niini%2C+Tirri&rft.au=Ozpinar%2C+Haydar&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2267438&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFVinogradov1994" class="citation journal cs1">Vinogradov, AE (1994). "Locally Associated Alleles of Cat Coat Genes". <i>The Journal of Heredity</i>. <b>85</b> (2): 86–91. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Foxfordjournals.jhered.a111428">10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a111428</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8182285">8182285</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Heredity&rft.atitle=Locally+Associated+Alleles+of+Cat+Coat+Genes&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=86-91&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Foxfordjournals.jhered.a111428&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F8182285&rft.aulast=Vinogradov&rft.aufirst=AE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Paruyr_Sevak" title="Paruyr Sevak">Paruyr Sevak</a>, "The Unsilenceable Belfry" (Պարույր Սևակ, ԱՆԼՌԵԼԻ ԶԱՆԳԱԿԱՏՈՒՆ), published in 1959: "...Թե՞ ազատվելու հուսահատ ճիգով Լող էին տալիս հազա՜ր ու հազա՜ր Վանա կատուներ՝Վառվող աչքերով ..."<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="What is this Armenian phrase in English? Google Translate can only handle about half of it. (March 2012)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-TourArmenia-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TourArmenia_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tacentral.com/features.asp?story_no=6">"Armenian Vans – Real "Aristocrats"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Tour Armenia</i>. TACentral.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tour+Armenia&rft.atitle=Armenian+Vans+%E2%80%93+Real+%22Aristocrats%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tacentral.com%2Ffeatures.asp%3Fstory_no%3D6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Hart-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hart_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFHart2010" class="citation book cs1">Hart, Robert (2010). <i>Hart's Original Petpourri, Vol. 1</i>. Langdon Street Pr. p. 4. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781934938621" title="Special:BookSources/9781934938621"><bdi>9781934938621</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hart%27s+Original+Petpourri%2C+Vol.+1&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Langdon+Street+Pr&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9781934938621&rft.aulast=Hart&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span> Hart cites a <i>Cat Fancy</i> magazine article as his source.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-WrightM-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WrightM_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFWrightWalters,_Sally1980" class="citation book cs1">Wright, Michael; Walters, Sally (1980). <i>The Book of the Cat</i> (1st ed.). London: Pan. pp. 50–52. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-330-26153-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-330-26153-3"><bdi>0-330-26153-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Book+of+the+Cat&rft.place=London&rft.pages=50-52&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Pan&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=0-330-26153-3&rft.aulast=Wright&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=Walters%2C+Sally&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-catkit-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-catkit_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071204153246/http://www.petpublishing.com/catkit/breeds/turkishvan.shtml">"The Turkish Van The Swimming Cat"</a>. <i>Cats and Kittens Magazine</i>. Pet Pubg. 2000. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.petpublishing.com/catkit/breeds/turkishvan.shtml">the original</a> on 4 December 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cats+and+Kittens+Magazine&rft.atitle=The+Turkish+Van+The+Swimming+Cat&rft.date=2000&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.petpublishing.com%2Fcatkit%2Fbreeds%2Fturkishvan.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Van City Guide</i>. Ankara. 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Van+City+Guide&rft.place=Ankara&rft.date=2005&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="Missing most source details. (February 2013)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-TAC-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TAC_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">//www.turkishangoracat.org/arastirma.aspx?arastirmaId=2</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Van City Guide", Ankara, 2005.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305183407/http://rarecatbreeds.wyrdwul.com/tvan.html">"Turkish Van Breed Profile"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rarecatbreeds.wyrdwul.com/tvan.html">the original</a> on 5 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turkish+Van+Breed+Profile&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frarecatbreeds.wyrdwul.com%2Ftvan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140705060927/http://www.tacentral.com/features.asp?story_no=6">"Van Cats"</a>. <i>TACentral.com</i>. Tacentral.com. 2011. Armenia Travel, History, Archeology & Ecology | TourArmenia | Travel Guide to Armenia. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tacentral.com/features.asp?story_no=6">the original</a> on 5 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TACentral.com&rft.atitle=Van+Cats&rft.pages=Armenia+Travel%2C+History%2C+Archeology+%26+Ecology+%26%23124%3B+TourArmenia+%26%23124%3B+Travel+Guide+to+Armenia&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tacentral.com%2Ffeatures.asp%3Fstory_no%3D6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span>book|last=Gebhardt|first=Richard H.|url=<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://archive">https://archive</a>. Armenian people settled in the Lake Van region and revered this breed of cat.|author-link=D. J. Conway}} Like many, this source incorrectly equates the modern Turkish Van breed, which is actually British in origin, with the Van cat landrace.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFPapazyan1988" class="citation book cs1">Papazyan, Vrtanes (1988). <i>Vana Katu</i>. Yerevan: Arevik Publ.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vana+Katu&rft.place=Yerevan&rft.pub=Arevik+Publ&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Papazyan&rft.aufirst=Vrtanes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFRaffi1884" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Raffi_(novelist)" title="Raffi (novelist)">Raffi</a> (1884). <i>Կայծեր [Sparks] Book II</i> (in Armenian). <q>Գալով այդ քաղաքը, թեև ծիծաղելի է, բայց պետք է խոստովանվիմ, որ իմ ամենամեծ բաղձանքներից մեկն այն էր, որ տեսնեմ Վանա հռչակավոր կատուները." Approximate translation: "Although it is funny, I have to admit that coming to the city one of my greatest expectations was seeing the famous Van cat.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AE%D5%A5%D6%80+%5BSparks%5D+Book+II&rft.date=1884&rft.au=Raffi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFBakunts1927" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Axel_Bakunts" title="Axel Bakunts">Bakunts, Axel</a> (1927). <i>Մթնաձոր [The Dark Valley]</i> (in Armenian). <q>Ներս մտավ պառավը, Վանա կապույտ փիսոն հետևից." Approximate translation: "The old woman came in after the Van cat.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D5%84%D5%A9%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B1%D5%B8%D6%80+%5BThe+Dark+Valley%5D&rft.date=1927&rft.aulast=Bakunts&rft.aufirst=Axel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFSevak1959" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Paruyr_Sevak" title="Paruyr Sevak">Sevak, Paruyr</a> (1959). <i>Անլռելի զանգակատուն [The Unsilenced Bell Tower]</i> (in Armenian). <q>Լող էին տալիս հազա՜ր ու հազա՜ր Վանա կատուներ՝ Վառվող աչքերով." Approximate translation: "Thousands of Van cats were swimming with burning eyes.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%AC%D5%BC%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%AB+%D5%A6%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6+%5BThe+Unsilenced+Bell+Tower%5D&rft.date=1959&rft.aulast=Sevak&rft.aufirst=Paruyr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/gundem/18050721.asp">"Verimli yılın kedisi 500 TL"</a>. <i>Hurriyet.com.tr</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hurriyet.com.tr&rft.atitle=Verimli+y%C4%B1l%C4%B1n+kedisi+500+TL&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hurriyet.com.tr%2Fgundem%2F18050721.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2012/09/20120921-3.htm">"Yönetmelik: Yerli Evcil Hayvan Genetik Kaynaklarinin Kullanilmasi Ve, Yurt Dişina Çikarilmasi Hakkinda Yönetmelik ['Regulation: The Use of Genetic Resources and Domestic Pets, Regulation on the Removal of Abroad']"</a>. <i>Resmî Gazete [Official Gazette]</i> (in Turkish). Ankara, Turkey: Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock. 21 September 2012. Issue 28418. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/6EODNeUN8?url=http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2012/09/20120921-3.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 13 February 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Resm%C3%AE+Gazete+%5BOfficial+Gazette%5D&rft.atitle=Y%C3%B6netmelik%3A+Yerli+Evcil+Hayvan+Genetik+Kaynaklarinin+Kullanilmasi+Ve%2C+Yurt+Di%C5%9Fina+%C3%87ikarilmasi+Hakkinda+Y%C3%B6netmelik+%5B%27Regulation%3A+The+Use+of+Genetic+Resources+and+Domestic+Pets%2C+Regulation+on+the+Removal+of+Abroad%27%5D&rft.date=2012-09-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.resmigazete.gov.tr%2Feskiler%2F2012%2F09%2F20120921-3.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.microsofttranslator.com/bv.aspx?from=tr&to=en&a=http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2012/09/20120921-3.htm">Machine translation into English</a>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100914123237/http://turkey2010.fiba.com/pages/eng/fe/10/fwcm/event-guide/p/mascot.html">"2010 FIBA World Championship Event Guide: Mascot"</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Basketball_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="International Basketball Federation">FIBA</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.turkey2010.fiba.com/pages/eng/fe/10/fwcm/event-guide/p/mascot.html">the original</a> on 14 September 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2010+FIBA+World+Championship+Event+Guide%3A+Mascot&rft.pub=FIBA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.turkey2010.fiba.com%2Fpages%2Feng%2Ffe%2F10%2Ffwcm%2Fevent-guide%2Fp%2Fmascot.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span></span>
</li>
</ol></div></div>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Other_sources">Other sources</span></h2>
<p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929123442/http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313E603BF9486D4371DDA30FFB887DE099B">"Van Cat"</a>. <i>Kultur.gov.tr</i>. <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Turkey_Ministry_of_Culture_and_Tourism" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism">Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism</a>. p. 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313E603BF9486D4371DDA30FFB887DE099B">the original</a> on 29 September 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kultur.gov.tr&rft.atitle=Van+Cat&rft.pages=2005&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kultur.gov.tr%2FEN%2FBelgeGoster.aspx%3F17A16AE30572D313E603BF9486D4371DDA30FFB887DE099B&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVan+cat" class="Z3988"></span>
</p>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span></h2>
<table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;color:#000">
<tbody><tr>
<td class="mbox-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="noviewer" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></td>
<td class="mbox-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Van_Kedisi" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Van Kedisi">Van Kedisi</a></span>.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313E603BF9486D4371DDA30FFB887DE099B">"Van Cat"</a> page at the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism website.</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.vancat.org">VanCat.org</a>, an independent website about Van cats</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.turkishangoracat.org/arastirma.aspx?arastirmaId=2">Study about the Van Kedisi</a> Van Kedisi, The Angora Cat Association, Turkey.</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.turkishangoracat.org/arastirma.aspx?arastirmaId=2">Everything you wanted to know about Van Kedisi</a></li></ul>
<div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1061467846">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Van,_Turkey" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:paleturquoise"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1063604349">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Van,_Turkey" title="Template:Van, Turkey"><abbr title="View this template" style="background-color:paleturquoise;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Van,_Turkey" title="Template talk:Van, Turkey"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="background-color:paleturquoise;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Van,_Turkey&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="background-color:paleturquoise;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Van,_Turkey" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Van,_Turkey" title="Van, Turkey">Van, Turkey</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:paleturquoise;width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Van_(1548)" title="Siege of Van (1548)">Siege of Van</a> (1548)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Defense_of_Van_(1896)" title="Defense of Van (1896)">Defense of Van</a> (1896)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Defense_of_Van_(1915)" title="Defense of Van (1915)">Defense of Van</a> (1915)</li>
<li><a href="/wiki/2011_Van_earthquakes" title="2011 Van earthquakes">2011 Van earthquakes</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:paleturquoise;width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Van_Fortress" title="Van Fortress">Van Fortress</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:paleturquoise;width:1%">Transport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Van_Ferit_Melen_Airport" title="Van Ferit Melen Airport">Van Ferit Melen Airport</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:paleturquoise;width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Van_Y%C3%BCz%C3%BCnc%C3%BC_Y%C4%B1l_University" title="Van Yüzüncü Yıl University">Van Yüzüncü Yıl University</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:paleturquoise;width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Van cat</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:paleturquoise"><div>This list is incomplete.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>
<div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"/></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Domestic_cats" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"/><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Domestic_cat" title="Template:Domestic cat"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Domestic_cat" title="Template talk:Domestic cat"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Domestic_cat&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Domestic_cats" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cat" title="Cat">Domestic cats</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Felinology" title="Felinology">Felinology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat_anatomy" title="Cat anatomy">Anatomy</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cat_genetics" title="Cat genetics">Genetics</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Dwarf_cat" title="Dwarf cat">Dwarf cat</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Kitten" title="Kitten">Kitten</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Odd-eyed_cat" title="Odd-eyed cat">Odd-eyed cat</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Squitten" title="Squitten">Squitten</a></li>
<li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Cat_coat_genetics" title="Cat coat genetics">Coat genetics</a></span></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Bicolor_cat" title="Bicolor cat">Bicolor cat</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Black_cat" title="Black cat">Black cat</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Calico_cat" title="Calico cat">Calico cat</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Tabby_cat" title="Tabby cat">Tabby cat</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Tortoiseshell_cat" title="Tortoiseshell cat">Tortoiseshell cat</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cat_health" title="Cat health">Health</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aging_in_cats" title="Aging in cats">Aging</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Onychectomy" title="Onychectomy">Declawing</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cat_food" title="Cat food">Diet</a>
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dental_health_diets_for_cats" title="Dental health diets for cats">dental health</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Senior_cat_diet" title="Senior cat diet">senior</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Feline_vaccination" title="Feline vaccination">Vaccination</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cat_behavior" title="Cat behavior">Behavior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%E2%80%93dog_relationship" title="Cat–dog relationship">Cat–dog relationship</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cat_communication" title="Cat communication">Catfight</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Catnip" title="Catnip">Catnip</a>
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Valerian_(herb)" title="Valerian (herb)">valerian</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cat_communication" title="Cat communication">Communication</a>
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meow" title="Meow">Meow</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Purr" title="Purr">Purr</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Kneading_(cats)" title="Kneading (cats)">Kneading</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cat_intelligence" title="Cat intelligence">Intelligence</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cat_play_and_toys" title="Cat play and toys">Play and toys</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cat_righting_reflex" title="Cat righting reflex">Righting reflex</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cat_senses" title="Cat senses">Senses</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_interaction_with_cats" title="Human interaction with cats">Human–cat<br />interaction</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ailurophobia" title="Ailurophobia">Ailurophobia</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Bodega_cat" title="Bodega cat">Bodega cat</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cat_caf%C3%A9" title="Cat café">Cat cafés</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cat_massage" title="Cat massage">Cat massage</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cat_meat" title="Cat meat">Cat meat</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cat-scratch_disease" title="Cat-scratch disease">Cat-scratch disease</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cat_show" title="Cat show">Cat show</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cats_in_ancient_Egypt" title="Cats in ancient Egypt">Cats in ancient Egypt</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_cats" title="Cultural depictions of cats">Cultural depictions</a>
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cats_and_the_Internet" title="Cats and the Internet">Internet</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Farm_cat" title="Farm cat">Farm cat</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Feral_cat" title="Feral cat">Feral cat</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_cats" title="Islam and cats">Cats and Islam</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Library_cat" title="Library cat">Library cat</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Lolcat" title="Lolcat">Lolcat</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/National_Cat_Day" title="National Cat Day">National Cat Day</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Pet" title="Pet">Pet cat</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Puppy_cat" title="Puppy cat">Puppy cat</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Ship%27s_cat" title="Ship's cat">Ship's cat</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Feline_zoonosis" title="Feline zoonosis">Zoonosis</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cat_registry" title="Cat registry">Registries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Cat_Fanciers_Association" title="American Cat Fanciers Association">American Cat Fanciers Association</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Associazione_Nazionale_Felina_Italiana" title="Associazione Nazionale Felina Italiana">Associazione Nazionale Felina Italiana</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Cat_Association" title="Canadian Cat Association">Canadian Cat Association</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cat_Aficionado_Association" title="Cat Aficionado Association">Cat Aficionado Association</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cat_Fanciers%27_Association" title="Cat Fanciers' Association">Cat Fanciers' Association</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_Internationale_F%C3%A9line" title="Fédération Internationale Féline">Fédération Internationale Féline</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Governing_Council_of_the_Cat_Fancy" title="Governing Council of the Cat Fancy">Governing Council of the Cat Fancy</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Cat_Fancy" title="New Zealand Cat Fancy">New Zealand Cat Fancy</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Africa_Cat_Council" title="Southern Africa Cat Council">Southern Africa Cat Council</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/The_International_Cat_Association" title="The International Cat Association">The International Cat Association</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/World_Cat_Congress" title="World Cat Congress">World Cat Congress</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/World_Cat_Federation" title="World Cat Federation">World Cat Federation</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Breeds<br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_cat_breeds" title="List of cat breeds">full list</a>)<br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_experimental_cat_breeds" title="List of experimental cat breeds">experimental</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fully<br />domestic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abyssinian_cat" title="Abyssinian cat">Abyssinian</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/American_Curl" title="American Curl">American Curl</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/American_Shorthair" title="American Shorthair">American Shorthair</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_cat" title="Balinese cat">Balinese</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Shorthair" title="Brazilian Shorthair">Brazilian Shorthair</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/British_Shorthair" title="British Shorthair">British Shorthair</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Birman" title="Birman">Birman</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Bombay_cat" title="Bombay cat">Bombay</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_cat" title="Burmese cat">Burmese</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Burmilla" title="Burmilla">Burmilla</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/California_Spangled" title="California Spangled">California Spangled</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Chartreux" title="Chartreux">Chartreux</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Dragon_Li" title="Dragon Li">Chinese Li Hua</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Colorpoint_Shorthair" title="Colorpoint Shorthair">Colorpoint Shorthair</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_Rex" title="Cornish Rex">Cornish Rex</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cymric_cat" title="Cymric cat">Cymric</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Devon_Rex" title="Devon Rex">Devon Rex</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Donskoy_cat" title="Donskoy cat">Donskoy</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Mau" title="Egyptian Mau">Egyptian Mau</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/European_Shorthair" title="European Shorthair">European Shorthair</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Exotic_Shorthair" title="Exotic Shorthair">Exotic Shorthair</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/German_Rex" title="German Rex">German Rex</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Himalayan_cat" title="Himalayan cat">Himalayan</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Bobtail" title="Japanese Bobtail">Japanese Bobtail</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_cat" title="Javanese cat">Javanese</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Khao_Manee" title="Khao Manee">Khao Manee</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Korat" title="Korat">Korat</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Kurilian_Bobtail" title="Kurilian Bobtail">Kurilian Bobtail</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Lykoi" title="Lykoi">Lykoi</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Maine_Coon" title="Maine Coon">Maine Coon</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Manx_cat" title="Manx cat">Manx</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Munchkin_cat" title="Munchkin cat">Munchkin</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Forest_cat" title="Norwegian Forest cat">Norwegian Forest</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Ocicat" title="Ocicat">Ocicat</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Ojos_Azules" title="Ojos Azules">Ojos Azules</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Shorthair" title="Oriental Shorthair">Oriental Shorthair</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Persian_cat" title="Persian cat">Persian</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Peterbald" title="Peterbald">Peterbald</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Pixie-bob" title="Pixie-bob">Pixie-bob</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Ragdoll" title="Ragdoll">Ragdoll</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Ragamuffin_cat" title="Ragamuffin cat">Ragamuffin</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Blue" title="Russian Blue">Russian Blue</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Fold" title="Scottish Fold">Scottish Fold</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Selkirk_Rex" title="Selkirk Rex">Selkirk Rex</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Siamese_cat" title="Siamese cat">Siamese</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_cat" title="Siberian cat">Siberian</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Singapura_cat" title="Singapura cat">Singapura</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Snowshoe_cat" title="Snowshoe cat">Snowshoe</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Somali_cat" title="Somali cat">Somali</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Sphynx_cat" title="Sphynx cat">Sphynx</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Thai_cat" title="Thai cat">Thai</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Persian" title="Traditional Persian">Traditional Persian</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Tonkinese_cat" title="Tonkinese cat">Tonkinese</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Toyger" title="Toyger">Toyger</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Angora" title="Turkish Angora">Turkish Angora</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Van" title="Turkish Van">Turkish Van</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hybrid</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_cat" title="Bengal cat">Bengal</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Chausie" title="Chausie">Chausie</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Highlander_cat" title="Highlander cat">Highlander</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Savannah_cat" title="Savannah cat">Savannah</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Serengeti_cat" title="Serengeti cat">Serengeti</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Landrace" title="Landrace">Landraces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aegean_cat" title="Aegean cat">Aegean</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus_cat" title="Cyprus cat">Cyprus</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_long-haired_cat" title="Domestic long-haired cat">Domestic long-haired</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_short-haired_cat" title="Domestic short-haired cat">Domestic short-haired</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Kellas_cat" title="Kellas cat">Kellas</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Sokoke" title="Sokoke">Sokoke</a></li>
<li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Van</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_feline_diseases" title="List of feline diseases">Diseases and<br />disorders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feline_acne" title="Feline acne">Acne</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Feline_asthma" title="Feline asthma">Asthma</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Feline_calicivirus" title="Feline calicivirus">Calicivirus</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Congenital_sensorineural_deafness_in_cats" title="Congenital sensorineural deafness in cats">Congenital sensorineural deafness</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Feline_corneal_sequestrum" title="Feline corneal sequestrum">Feline corneal sequestrum</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cat_flea" title="Cat flea">Flea</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Coccidia" title="Coccidia">Coccidia</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Dirofilaria_immitis" title="Dirofilaria immitis">Heartworm</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Feline_hepatic_lipidosis" title="Feline hepatic lipidosis">Hepatic lipidosis</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Hypertrophic_cardiomyopathy#Related_disorders" title="Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy">Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Feline_immunodeficiency_virus" title="Feline immunodeficiency virus">Immunodeficiency virus</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Feline_infectious_peritonitis" title="Feline infectious peritonitis">Infectious peritonitis</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Feline_leukemia_virus" title="Feline leukemia virus">Leukemia virus</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Feline_lower_urinary_tract_disease" title="Feline lower urinary tract disease">Lower urinary tract disease</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Feline_panleukopenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Feline panleukopenia">Panleukopenia</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Giardiasis" title="Giardiasis">Giardiasis</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Polydactyl_cat" title="Polydactyl cat">Polydactyly</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Rabies_in_animals" title="Rabies in animals">Rabies</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Dermatophytosis" title="Dermatophytosis">Ringworm</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Tritrichomonas_foetus" title="Tritrichomonas foetus">Tritrichomonas foetus</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Toxocara_cati" title="Toxocara cati">Roundworm</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Cat_skin_disorders" title="Cat skin disorders">Skin disorders</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Tick" title="Tick">Tick</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Toxoplasmosis" title="Toxoplasmosis">Toxoplasmosis</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Feline_viral_rhinotracheitis" title="Feline viral rhinotracheitis">Viral rhinotracheitis</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div>
<ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Category" width="16" height="16" class="noviewer" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Cats" title="Category:Cats">Category</a></li>
<li><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="image" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="noviewer" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Cats" title="Portal:Cats">Portal</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div>' |
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node ) | false |
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp ) | 1643765687 |