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10:38, 25 May 2023: 2a00:23c7:8c82:7401:2408:8865:8db3:bd52 (talk) triggered filter 636, performing the action "edit" on Phil Spector. Actions taken: none; Filter description: Unexplained removal of sourced content (examine | diff)

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{{Infobox musical artist
| image = Phil Spector in 1965.jpg
| caption = Spector in 1965
| birth_name = Harvey Philip Spector<ref name="NYT2021">{{cite news |last=Grimes |first=William |title=Phil Spector, Famed Music Producer and Convicted Murderer, Dies at 81 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/17/arts/music/phil-spector-dead.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 17, 2021}}</ref>
| alias = Phil Harvey
| birth_date = {{birth date|1939|12|26}}
| birth_place = New York City, U.S.<!--Per WP:OVERLINK "The names of subjects with which most readers will be at least somewhat familiar," including locations with NYC as an example, do not typically need to be linked)-->
| death_date = {{death date and age|2021|1|16|1939|12|26|mf=y}}
| death_place = [[French Camp, California]], U.S.
| origin = Los Angeles, California, U.S.
| genre = {{hlist|[[Pop music|Pop]]|[[Rock music|rock]]|[[rhythm and blues|R&B]]}}
| occupation = {{hlist|Record producer|songwriter}}
| years_active = 1958–2009
| label = {{hlist|[[Philles Records|Philles]]|[[Phi-Dan Records|Phi-Dan]]|[[Phil Spector International]]|[[Warner-Spector Records|Warner-Spector]]}}
| past_member_of = {{hlist|The Spectors Three|[[The Teddy Bears]]}}
| spouse = {{plainlist|
*{{marriage|Annette Merar|1963|1966|end=div}}
*{{marriage|[[Ronnie Spector|Ronnie Bennett]]|1968|1974|end=div}}
*{{marriage|Rachelle Short|2006|2018|end=div}}
}}
| partner = {{#ifexist:Janis Zavala|[[Janis Zavala]] (1980s)}}
| website = {{URL|philspector.com}}
}}


'''Harvey Phillip Spector''' (December 26, 1939{{spnd}}January 16, 2021) was an American record producer and songwriter<!--- Do not add "convicted murderer" without talk page consensus. --->, best known for his innovative recording practices and entrepreneurship in the 1960s, followed decades later by his [[Murder of Lana Clarkson|two trials and conviction for murder]] in the 2000s. Spector developed the [[Wall of Sound]], a production style that is characterized for its diffusion of [[tone color]]s and dense orchestral sound, which he described as a "[[Richard Wagner|Wagnerian]]" approach to [[rock and roll]]. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in [[pop music]] history<ref name="Wood21"/><ref name="April 13, 2009">{{cite web|last=Spillius|first=Alex|title=Phil Spector guilty of murdering actress Lana Clarkson|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/phil-spector/5150524/Phil-Spector-guilty-of-murdering-actress-Lana-Clarkson.html|website=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|access-date=April 2, 2018|archive-date=February 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180211223611/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/phil-spector/5150524/Phil-Spector-guilty-of-murdering-actress-Lana-Clarkson.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and one of the most successful producers of the 1960s.{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=1}}<ref name="WallofSilence"/>
'''Harvey Phillip Spector''' (December 26, 1939{{spnd}}January 16, 2021) was an American record producer and songwriter<!--- Do not add "convicted murderer" without talk page consensus. --->, best known for his innovative recording practices and entrepreneurship in the 1960s, followed decades later by his [[Murder of Lana Clarkson|two trials and conviction for murder]] in the 2000s. Spector developed the [[Wall of Sound]], a production style that is characterized for its diffusion of [[tone color]]s and dense orchestral sound, which he described as a "[[Richard Wagner|Wagnerian]]" approach to [[rock and roll]]. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in [[pop music]] history<ref name="Wood21"/><ref name="April 13, 2009">{{cite web|last=Spillius|first=Alex|title=Phil Spector guilty of murdering actress Lana Clarkson|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/phil-spector/5150524/Phil-Spector-guilty-of-murdering-actress-Lana-Clarkson.html|website=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|access-date=April 2, 2018|archive-date=February 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180211223611/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/phil-spector/5150524/Phil-Spector-guilty-of-murdering-actress-Lana-Clarkson.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and one of the most successful producers of the 1960s.{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=1}}<ref name="WallofSilence"/>

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'{{short description|American record producer (1940–2021)}} {{pp-move-indef}} {{Use mdy dates|date=January 2022}} {{Infobox musical artist | image = Phil Spector in 1965.jpg | caption = Spector in 1965 | birth_name = Harvey Philip Spector<ref name="NYT2021">{{cite news |last=Grimes |first=William |title=Phil Spector, Famed Music Producer and Convicted Murderer, Dies at 81 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/17/arts/music/phil-spector-dead.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 17, 2021}}</ref> | alias = Phil Harvey | birth_date = {{birth date|1939|12|26}} | birth_place = New York City, U.S.<!--Per WP:OVERLINK "The names of subjects with which most readers will be at least somewhat familiar," including locations with NYC as an example, do not typically need to be linked)--> | death_date = {{death date and age|2021|1|16|1939|12|26|mf=y}} | death_place = [[French Camp, California]], U.S. | origin = Los Angeles, California, U.S. | genre = {{hlist|[[Pop music|Pop]]|[[Rock music|rock]]|[[rhythm and blues|R&B]]}} | occupation = {{hlist|Record producer|songwriter}} | years_active = 1958–2009 | label = {{hlist|[[Philles Records|Philles]]|[[Phi-Dan Records|Phi-Dan]]|[[Phil Spector International]]|[[Warner-Spector Records|Warner-Spector]]}} | past_member_of = {{hlist|The Spectors Three|[[The Teddy Bears]]}} | spouse = {{plainlist| *{{marriage|Annette Merar|1963|1966|end=div}} *{{marriage|[[Ronnie Spector|Ronnie Bennett]]|1968|1974|end=div}} *{{marriage|Rachelle Short|2006|2018|end=div}} }} | partner = {{#ifexist:Janis Zavala|[[Janis Zavala]] (1980s)}} | website = {{URL|philspector.com}} }} '''Harvey Phillip Spector''' (December 26, 1939{{spnd}}January 16, 2021) was an American record producer and songwriter<!--- Do not add "convicted murderer" without talk page consensus. --->, best known for his innovative recording practices and entrepreneurship in the 1960s, followed decades later by his [[Murder of Lana Clarkson|two trials and conviction for murder]] in the 2000s. Spector developed the [[Wall of Sound]], a production style that is characterized for its diffusion of [[tone color]]s and dense orchestral sound, which he described as a "[[Richard Wagner|Wagnerian]]" approach to [[rock and roll]]. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in [[pop music]] history<ref name="Wood21"/><ref name="April 13, 2009">{{cite web|last=Spillius|first=Alex|title=Phil Spector guilty of murdering actress Lana Clarkson|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/phil-spector/5150524/Phil-Spector-guilty-of-murdering-actress-Lana-Clarkson.html|website=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|access-date=April 2, 2018|archive-date=February 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180211223611/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/phil-spector/5150524/Phil-Spector-guilty-of-murdering-actress-Lana-Clarkson.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and one of the most successful producers of the 1960s.{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=1}}<ref name="WallofSilence"/> Born in [[the Bronx]], Spector moved to Los Angeles as a teenager and began his career in 1958 as a founding member of [[the Teddy Bears]], for whom he penned "[[To Know Him Is to Love Him]]", a U.S. number-one hit. In 1960, after working as an apprentice to [[Leiber and Stoller]], Spector co-founded [[Philles Records]], and at the age of 21 became the youngest ever U.S. label owner to that point.<ref name="Brown03">{{cite web |last=Brown |first=Mick |title=Pop's lost genius |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandjazzmusic/3589445/Pops-lost-genius.html |website=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=February 4, 2003 |access-date=September 10, 2018 |archive-date=September 10, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180910204050/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandjazzmusic/3589445/Pops-lost-genius.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Dubbed the "[[Honorific nicknames in popular music|First Tycoon of Teen]]",{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=5}}<ref>{{cite news |last=Wolfe |first=Tom |author-link=Tom Wolfe |title=First Tycoon of Teen |work=New York Magazine, published as a supplement to the New York Herald Tribune |date=January 3, 1965}} (This appears in the microfilm edition of the ''Herald Tribune'' but apparently not in the online database)</ref> Spector came to be considered the first [[auteur]] of the music industry for the unprecedented control he had over every phase of the recording process.{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=23}} He produced acts such as [[the Ronettes]], [[the Crystals]], and [[Ike & Tina Turner]], and typically collaborated with arranger [[Jack Nitzsche]] and engineer [[Larry Levine]]. The musicians from his ''de facto'' [[house band]], later known as "[[the Wrecking Crew (music)|the Wrecking Crew]]", rose to industry fame through his hit records. In the early 1970s, Spector produced [[the Beatles]]' ''[[Let It Be (Beatles album)|Let It Be]]'' and several solo records by [[John Lennon]] and [[George Harrison]]. By the mid-1970s Spector had produced eighteen U.S. Top 10 singles for various artists. His chart-toppers included [[the Righteous Brothers]]' "[[You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin']]", the Beatles' "[[The Long and Winding Road]]", and Harrison's "[[My Sweet Lord]]". Following one-off productions for [[Leonard Cohen]] (''[[Death of a Ladies' Man (album)|Death of a Ladies' Man]]''), [[Dion DiMucci]] (''[[Born to Be with You (album)|Born to Be with You]]''), and the [[Ramones]] (''[[End of the Century]]''), Spector remained largely inactive amid a lifestyle of seclusion, drug use, and increasingly erratic behavior.<ref name="WallofSilence">{{cite web |last=Sevigny |first=Catherine |title=Wall of silence |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2007/may/06/biography.features |website=[[The Guardian]] |date=May 5, 2007 |access-date=January 24, 2019 |archive-date=January 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190124203719/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2007/may/06/biography.features |url-status=live}}</ref> Spector helped establish the role of the [[Recording studio as an instrument|studio as an instrument]],{{sfn|Bannister|2007|p=38}} the integration of [[pop art]] aesthetics into music ([[art pop]]),<ref name="Holden">{{cite news|last=Holden|first=Stephen|author-link=Stephen Holden|date=February 28, 1999|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/02/28/arts/music-they-re-recording-but-are-they-artists.html|title=Music; They're Recording, but Are They Artists?|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=July 17, 2013|archive-date=November 30, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130144527/http://www.nytimes.com/1999/02/28/arts/music-they-re-recording-but-are-they-artists.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and the genres of [[art rock]]{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=25}} and [[dream pop]].<ref name="class">{{cite book|last=Wiseman-Trowse|first=Nathan|title=Performing Class in British Popular Music|date=September 30, 2008|publisher=Springer|pages=148–154|isbn=9780230594975|url=https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=egeMDAAAQBAJ&rdid=book-egeMDAAAQBAJ&rdot=1&source=gbs_vpt_read}}</ref> His honors include the 1973 [[Grammy Award for Album of the Year]] for co-producing Harrison's ''[[The Concert for Bangladesh (album)|Concert for Bangladesh]]'', a 1989 induction into the [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]], and a 1997 induction into the [[Songwriters Hall of Fame]].<ref name=":1">{{cite web|title=Phil Spector|url=https://www.songhall.org/profile/Phil_Spector|access-date=January 19, 2021|website=Songwriters Hall of Fame}}</ref> In 2004, Spector was ranked number 63 on ''[[Rolling Stone]]''{{'}}s list of the [[Rolling Stone's 100 Greatest Artists of All Time|greatest artists in history]].<ref>See: * {{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/5939214/the_immortals_the_first_fifty|title=100 Greatest Artists of All Time|magazine=Rolling Stone|access-date=June 30, 2010|archive-date=August 19, 2011|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/613BoR3H3?url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-greatest-artists-of-all-time-19691231|url-status=dead}} * {{cite magazine|title=The Immortals: Phil Spector|issue=946|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/7248223/the_immortals__the_greatest_artists_of_all_time_63_phil_spector|access-date=September 8, 2017|archive-date=May 18, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090518045041/http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/7248223/the_immortals__the_greatest_artists_of_all_time_63_phil_spector|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2009, after two decades in semi-retirement,<ref>{{cite web|last1=Unterberger|first1=Richie|author-link1=Richie Unterberger|title=Phil Spector|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/phil-spector-mn0000694967/biography|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=April 21, 2020|archive-date=May 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200502161944/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/phil-spector-mn0000694967/biography|url-status=live}}</ref> he was convicted of the 2003 murder of actress [[Lana Clarkson]] and sentenced to 19 years to life in prison. He died in prison in 2021. ==Biography== ===1939–1959: Background and the Teddy Bears=== Harvey {{not a typo|Philip}} Spector was born on December 26, 1939.{{sfn|Thompson|2004|p=10}}{{refn|group=nb|Some sources erroneously cite 1940 as his year of birth.{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=14}}}} He later added a second "l" to his middle name, which he preferred over "Harvey".{{sfn|Brown|2007|pp=14, 19}} His parents were Benjamin (1903–1949)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.geni.com/people/Benjamin-Spector/6000000072179214151 | title=Benjamin Spector}}</ref> and Bertha (1911–1995)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.geni.com/people/Bertha-Spector/6000000001824107130 | title=Bertha Spector}}</ref> Spector, a first-generation immigrant [[Russian-Jewish]] family in [[the Bronx]], New York City.{{sfn|Brown|2007|pp=12–14}}{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=27}} Bertha had been born in France to Russian migrants George and Clara Spektor, who brought her to America in 1911 aged 9 months,{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=14}} while Benjamin was born as Baruch (later changed to Benjamin) in the [[Russian Empire]] to George and Bessie Spektus or Spektres, and brought to America by his parents in 1913 aged 10.{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=13}} Both families [[anglicized]] their last names to "Spector" on their [[Naturalization Act of 1906|naturalization papers]], both of which were witnessed by the same man, Isidore Spector.{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=14}} The similarities in name and background of the grandfathers led Spector to believe that his parents were first cousins. He had a sister named Shirley, who was six years his senior; she died in 2004 in [[Hemet, California]], at the age of 70.{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=12}} [[File:Phil Spector Fairfax.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Spector's [[Fairfax High School (Los Angeles)|Fairfax High School]] yearbook photo 1957]] In April 1949, Spector's father, who was deeply in debt, committed suicide; on his gravestone were inscribed the words "Ben Spector. Father. Husband. To Know Him Was To Love Him".{{sfn|Thompson|2004|p=12}}{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=17}} In 1953, Spector's mother moved the family to Los Angeles where she found work as a seamstress.{{sfn|Thompson|2004|p=13}} Spector attended John Burroughs Junior High School (now John Burroughs Middle School) on Wilshire Boulevard, then in 1954 attended [[Fairfax High School (Los Angeles)|Fairfax High School]].{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=19}} Having learned to play guitar, Spector performed "[[Rock Island Line]]" in a talent show at Fairfax High.{{sfn|Thompson|2005|p=28}} He joined a loose-knit community of aspiring musicians, including [[Lou Adler]], [[Bruce Johnston]], [[Steve Douglas (saxophonist)|Steve Douglas]], and [[Sandy Nelson]].<ref name="virgin">{{cite book|last=Larkin|first=Colin|title=The Virgin Encyclopedia of Popular Music|publisher=[[Virgin Publishing]]|date= 2002|isbn=1-85227-923-0}}</ref> Spector formed a group, [[the Teddy Bears]], with Nelson and three other friends, [[Marshall Leib]], Harvey Goldstein and [[Carol Connors (singer)|Annette Kleinbard]].{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=37}}{{sfn|Thompson|2004|p=26}} During this period, record producer Stan Ross—co-owner of [[Gold Star Studios]] in [[Hollywood, Los Angeles|Hollywood]]—began to tutor Spector in record production and exerted a major influence on Spector's production style. In 1958, the Teddy Bears recorded the Spector-penned "[[Don't You Worry My Little Pet]]", and then signed a two to three singles recording deal with [[Era Records]], with the promise of more if the singles did well.{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=37}}{{sfn|Thompson|2004|p=26}} At their next session, they recorded another song Spector had written—this one inspired by the [[epitaph]] on Spector's father's tombstone. Released on [[Era Records|Era's]] subsidiary label, Dore Records, "[[To Know Him Is to Love Him]]" reached number one on ''[[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]]'' singles chart on December 1, 1958, selling over a million copies by year's end.<ref name=bronson1992-46/> Following the success of their debut, the group signed with [[Imperial Records]].{{sfn|Brown|2007|pp=44, 48}} Their next single, "I Don't Need You Anymore", reached number 91. They released several more recordings, including an album, ''The Teddy Bears Sing!'', but failed to reach the top 100 in US sales. The group disbanded in 1959.<ref name=bronson1992-46>Fred Bronson, ''The Billboard Book of Number One Hits'', Billboard Publications, 1992, p. 46</ref> === 1959–1962: Early production work, Philles Records, and the Crystals === While recording the Teddy Bears' album, Spector met [[Lester Sill]], a former promotion man who was a mentor to [[Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller]].{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=55}} Sill and his partner, [[Lee Hazlewood]] supported Spector's next project, the Spectors Three.{{cn|date=April 2022}} In 1960, Sill arranged for Spector to work as an apprentice to Leiber and Stoller in New York.{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=55}} Spector co-wrote the [[Ben E. King]] Top 10 hit "[[Spanish Harlem (song)|Spanish Harlem]]" with Leiber and also worked as a session musician, playing the guitar solo on [[the Drifters]]' song "[[On Broadway (song)|On Broadway]]".{{sfn|Thompson|2005|pp=58, 98}} Spector's first true recording artist and project as producer was Ronnie Crawford.{{cn|date=April 2022}} Spector's production work during this time included releases by [[LaVern Baker]], [[Ruth Brown]], and Billy Storm, as well as the Top Notes' original recording of "[[Twist and Shout]]".{{sfn|Ribowsky|2006|pp=86–88}} Leiber and Stoller recommended Spector to produce [[Ray Peterson]]'s "[[Corrine, Corrina]]", which reached number 9 in January 1961. Later, he produced another major hit for [[Curtis Lee]], "Pretty Little Angel Eyes", which made it to number 7. Returning to Hollywood, Spector agreed to produce one of Sill's acts. After both [[Liberty Records]] and [[Capitol Records]] turned down the master of "Be My Boy" by [[the Paris Sisters]], Sill formed a new label, [[Gregmark Records]], with [[Lee Hazlewood]], and released it. It reached only number 56, but the follow-up, "[[I Love How You Love Me]]", was a hit, reaching number 5.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits: Eighth Edition|first=Joel|last=Whitburn|author-link=Joel Whitburn|year=2004|publisher=Record Research|page=480}}</ref> In late 1961, Spector formed a record company with Sill, who by this time had ended his business partnership with Hazlewood. [[Philles Records]] combined the first names of its two founders.{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=86}} Through Hill and Range Publishers, Spector found three groups he wanted to produce: the Ducanes, the Creations, and [[the Crystals]]. The first two signed with other companies, but Spector managed to secure the Crystals for his new label. Their first single, "[[There's No Other (Like My Baby)]]" was a success, hitting number 20. Their next release, "Uptown", made it to number 13.<ref name=Whitburn>''Joel Whitburn's Top Pop Singles 1955–1990'' - {{ISBN|0-89820-089-X}}</ref> Spector continued to work freelance with other artists. In 1962, he produced "Second Hand Love" by [[Connie Francis]], which reached No. 7.{{sfn|Thompson|2005|p=79}} [[Ahmet Ertegun]] of Atlantic paired Spector with future [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] star [[Jean DuShon]] for "Talk to Me", the [[A-side and B-side|B-side]] of which was "Tired of Trying", written by DuShon.{{citation needed|date=October 2015}} === 1962–1965: Bob B. Soxx & the Blue Jeans, the Ronettes, and the Righteous Brothers === In 1962, Spector briefly took a job as an [[A&R]] producer for Liberty Records.<ref>{{Cite magazine|date=March 17, 1962|title=Spector Named To A&R Post At Liberty|url=https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1962/CB-1962-03-17.pdf|magazine=Cash Box|pages=27|access-date=May 14, 2020|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062543/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1962/CB-1962-03-17.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> It was while working at Liberty that he heard a song written by [[Gene Pitney]], for whom he had produced a number 41 hit, "Every Breath I Take", a year earlier. "[[He's a Rebel]]" was due to be released on Liberty by [[Vikki Carr]], but Spector rushed into Gold Star Studios and recorded a cover version using [[Darlene Love]] and the Blossoms on lead vocals. The record was released on Philles, attributed to the Crystals, and quickly rose to the top of the charts. [[File:The Ronettes 1966.JPG|thumb|[[The Ronettes]], 1966. Spector married frontwoman [[Ronnie Spector|Veronica Bennett]] (known as Ronnie, center) in 1968.]] By the time "He's a Rebel" went to number 1, Lester Sill was out of the company, and Spector had Philles all to himself. He created a new act, [[Bob B. Soxx & the Blue Jeans]], featuring Darlene Love, Fanita James (a member of the Blossoms), and Bobby Sheen, a singer he had worked with at Liberty. The group had hits with "[[Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah]]" (number 8), "[[Why Do Lovers Break Each Other's Heart]]" (number 38), and "[[Not Too Young to Get Married]]" (number 63). Spector also released solo material by Darlene Love in 1963. In the same year, he released "[[Be My Baby]]" by [[the Ronettes]], which went to number 2. The first time Spector put the same amount of effort into an LP as he did into [[Gramophone record|45s]] was when he utilized the full Philles roster and the Wrecking Crew to make what he felt would become a hit for the 1963 Christmas season. ''[[A Christmas Gift for You from Philles Records]]'' was released a few days after the [[John F. Kennedy assassination|assassination of President Kennedy]] in November 1963.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gS8UAQAAIAAJ|title=Be My Baby, How I Survived Mascara, Miniskirts, and Madness or My Life as a Fabulous Ronette|first=Ronnie|last=Spector|publisher=Harmony Books|date=1990|isbn=978-0517574997|access-date=September 26, 2020|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062717/https://books.google.com/books?id=gS8UAQAAIAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref> On September 28, 1963, the Ronettes appeared at the [[Cow Palace]], near San Francisco. Also on the bill were the [[The Righteous Brothers|Righteous Brothers]]. Spector, who was conducting the band for all the acts, was so impressed with [[Bill Medley]] and [[Bobby Hatfield]] that he bought their contract from [[Moonglow Records]] and signed them to Philles. In early 1965, "[[You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin']]" became the label's second number 1 single. Three more major hits with the duo followed: "[[Just Once in My Life]]" (number 9), "[[Unchained Melody]]" (number 4, originally the B-side of "Hung on You"), and "[[Ebb Tide (song)|Ebb Tide]]" (number 5). Despite having hits, he lost interest in producing the Righteous Brothers and sold their contract and all their master recordings to [[Verve Records]]. However, the sound of the Righteous Brothers' singles was so distinctive that the act chose to replicate it after leaving Spector, notching a second number 1 hit in 1966 with the [[Bill Medley]]–produced "[[(You're My) Soul and Inspiration]]".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://billboardtop100of.com/1966-2/ |title=1966 |work=billboard Top 100 |access-date=April 16, 2020 |archive-date=January 10, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170110025934/http://billboardtop100of.com/1966-2/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[File:Phil Spector.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.7|Spector, 1965]] During this period, Spector formed another subsidiary label, [[Phi-Dan Records]], partly created to keep [[Promoter (entertainment)|promoter]] Danny Davis occupied. The label released singles by artists including [[Betty Willis (singer)|Betty Willis]], [[the Lovelites]], and [[the Ikettes]]. None of the recordings on Phi-Dan were produced by Spector.{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=184}} The recording of "[[Unchained Melody]]", credited on some releases as a Spector production although Medley has consistently said he produced it originally as an album track,<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UH_EOUR4tmkC&pg=PT450 |title=1001 Songs: You Must Hear Before You Die |first=Robert |last=Dimery |publisher=Cassell Illustrated |date= 2011 |isbn=978-1844037179 |access-date=December 17, 2015 |archive-date=January 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125230452/https://books.google.com/books?id=UH_EOUR4tmkC&pg=PT450 |url-status=live }}</ref> had a second wave of popularity 25 years after its initial release, when it was featured prominently in the 1990 hit movie ''[[Ghost (1990 film)|Ghost]]''. A re-release of the single re-charted on the ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' [[Billboard Hot 100|Hot 100]], and went to number one on the [[Hot Adult Top 40 Tracks|Adult Contemporary charts]]. This also put Spector back on the U.S. Top 40 charts for the first time since his last appearance in 1971 with [[John Lennon]]'s "[[Imagine (John Lennon song)|Imagine]]", though he did have UK top 40 hits in the interim with the [[Ramones]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zzmtDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT177|page=177|title=Punk Rock Blitzkrieg – My Life As A Ramone|first=Marky|last=Ramone|author-link=Marky Ramone|publisher=Kings Road Publishing|date=2017|isbn=978-1786068170|access-date=September 26, 2020|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062803/https://books.google.com/books?id=zzmtDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT177|url-status=live}}</ref> === 1966–1969: Ike & Tina Turner and hiatus === [[File:Phil Spector with MFQ 1965.png|thumb|right|Spector with [[Modern Folk Quartet]], for whom he produced "[[This Could Be the Night (1966 song)|This Could Be the Night]]" in 1966]] Spector's final signing to Philles was the husband-and-wife team of [[Ike & Tina Turner]] in April 1966.<ref>{{Cite magazine|date=April 23, 1966|title=Philips Signs Ike & Tina Turner|url=https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1966/CB-1966-04-23.pdf|magazine=Cash Box|pages=45|access-date=May 27, 2020|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062722/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1966/CB-1966-04-23.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|date=April 30, 1966|title=Ike & Tina to Philles|url=https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1966/CB-1966-04-30.pdf|magazine=Cash Box|pages=56|access-date=May 27, 2020|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062549/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1966/CB-1966-04-30.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Spector considered their single "[[River Deep – Mountain High]]" his best work,<ref name=pc21>{{Gilliland|url=https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc19772/m1|title=Show 21 – Forty Miles of Bad Road: Some of the best from rock 'n' roll's dark ages. Part 2&#93;: UNT Digital Library|access-date=October 28, 2011}}</ref> but it failed to reach any higher than number 88 in the United States. The record, which actually featured [[Tina Turner]] without [[Ike Turner]], was successful in Britain, reaching number 3. Spector released another single by Ike & Tina Turner, "[[I'll Never Need More Than This]]", while negotiating a deal to move Philles to [[A&M Records]] in 1967.<ref>{{Cite magazine|date=May 27, 1967|title=Negotiations Continue For Spector Deal With A&M|url=https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1967/CB-1967-05-27.pdf|magazine=Cash Box|pages=7|access-date=May 11, 2020|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062549/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1967/CB-1967-05-27.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The deal did not materialize,<ref>{{Cite magazine|date=June 3, 1967|title=Spector, A&M Deal|url=https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1967/CB-1967-06-03.pdf|magazine=Cash Box|pages=7|access-date=May 11, 2020|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062730/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1967/CB-1967-06-03.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> and Spector subsequently lost enthusiasm for his label and the recording industry. Already something of a [[recluse]], he withdrew temporarily from the public eye, marrying [[Ronnie Spector|Veronica "Ronnie" Bennett]], lead singer of the Ronettes, in 1968. Spector emerged briefly for a cameo as himself in an episode of ''[[I Dream of Jeannie]]'' (1967) and as a drug dealer in the film ''[[Easy Rider]]'' (1969).{{sfn|Williams|2003|pp=128–137}} In 1969, Spector made a brief return to the music business by signing a production deal with [[A&M Records]]. A Ronettes single, "You Came, You Saw, You Conquered" flopped, but Spector returned to the Hot 100 with "[[Black Pearl (Checkmates, Ltd. song)|Black Pearl]]", by [[Sonny Charles]] and the [[Checkmates, Ltd.]], which reached number 13.<ref name="Thompson2010a">{{cite book|author=Dave Thompson|title=Phil Spector: Wall Of Pain|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P9WKBHCxRocC&pg=PT268|date= 2010|publisher=Omnibus Press|isbn=978-0-85712-216-2|pages=268–}}</ref> === 1970–1973: Comeback and Beatles collaborations === In early 1970, [[Allen Klein]], the new manager of [[the Beatles]], brought Spector to England.{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|p=137}} After impressing with his production of [[John Lennon]]'s solo single "[[Instant Karma!]]", which went to number 3,{{sfn|Ribowsky|2006|p=252}} Spector was invited by Lennon and [[George Harrison]] to take on the task of turning the Beatles' abandoned ''[[Let It Be (Beatles album)|Let It Be]]'' recording sessions into a usable album.{{sfn|Hamelman|2009|pp=136–37}} He went to work using many of his production techniques, making significant changes to the arrangements and sound of some songs.<ref name="kreps">{{cite magazine|last1=Kreps|first1=Daniel|title='Let It Be' 40 Years Later: A Look Back at the Beatles' Final LP|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/let-it-be-40-years-later-a-look-back-at-the-beatles-final-lp-20100507|magazine=Rolling Stone|access-date=April 5, 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170405170941/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/let-it-be-40-years-later-a-look-back-at-the-beatles-final-lp-20100507|archive-date=April 5, 2017}}</ref> Released a month after the Beatles' break-up, the album topped the U.S. and UK charts. It also yielded the number 1 U.S. single "[[The Long and Winding Road]]".{{sfn|Brown|2007|pp=254–55}} Spector's overdubbing of "The Long and Winding Road" infuriated its composer, [[Paul McCartney]].<ref name="kreps"/> Several music critics also maligned Spector's work on ''Let It Be''; he later attributed this partly to resentment that an American producer appeared to be "taking over" such a popular English band.{{sfn|Brown|2007|pp=254–55}} Lennon defended Spector, telling [[Jann Wenner]] of ''[[Rolling Stone]]'': "he was given the shittiest load of badly recorded shit, with a lousy feeling toward it, ever. And he made something out of it. He did a great job."<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Wenner|first1=Jann S.|title=Lennon Remembers, Part One|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lennon-remembers-part-one-186693/ |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 21, 1971|access-date=April 18, 2020}}</ref> [[File:George Harrison-What Is Life+Apple Scruffs.png|thumb|right|upright=0.7|Trade ad for [[George Harrison]]'s "[[What Is Life]]" single]] For Harrison's multiplatinum album ''[[All Things Must Pass]]'' (number 1, 1970), Spector helped provide a symphonic ambience,<ref>{{cite magazine|first=David|last=Cavanagh|title=George Harrison: The Dark Horse|magazine=[[Uncut (magazine)|Uncut]]|date=August 2008|page=41}}</ref> although his health issues meant that after recording the basic tracks, he was absent from the project until the mixing stage.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=427}} ''Rolling Stone''{{'}}s reviewer lauded the album's sound, calling it "[[Richard Wagner|Wagnerian]], [[Anton Bruckner|Brucknerian]], the music of mountain tops and vast horizons".{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|p=142}} The triple LP yielded two major hits:{{sfn|Frontani|2009|pp=157–58}} "[[My Sweet Lord]]" (number 1) and "[[What Is Life]]" (number 10). That same year, Spector co-produced Lennon's ''[[John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band|Plastic Ono Band]]'' (number 6), a stark-sounding album devoid of any Wall of Sound extravagance.{{sfn|Ribowsky|2006|p=256}} Through Harrison, he also produced the debut single by [[Derek and the Dominos]], "[[Tell the Truth (song)|Tell the Truth]]", but the band disliked the sound and had the record withdrawn.{{sfn|Ribowsky|2006|p=257}} Spector was made head of A&R for [[Apple Records]].{{sfn|Ribowsky|2006|p=256}} He held the post for only a year, during which he co-produced Lennon's 1971 single "[[Power to the People (song)|Power to the People]]" (number 11) and his chart-topping album ''[[Imagine (John Lennon album)|Imagine]]''. The album's [[Imagine (John Lennon song)|title track]] hit number 3. With Harrison, Spector co-produced Harrison's "[[Bangla Desh (song)|Bangla Desh]]" (number 23)—rock's first [[charity single]]{{sfn|Frontani|2009|pp=158–59}}—and wife Ronnie Spector's "[[Try Some, Buy Some]]" (number 77).{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=342}} The latter was recorded for Ronnie's intended solo album on Apple Records, a project that stalled due to the same erratic, alcohol-fueled behavior from Spector that had hindered work on ''All Things Must Pass''.{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=342}}{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|pp=427, 434}} Spector was convinced that the Harrison-written single would be a major hit,{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=162}} and its poor commercial performance was one of the biggest disappointments of his career.{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|p=160}}{{refn|group=nb|Spector also co-produced, with Lennon and [[Yoko Ono]], the Elastic Oz Band's "God Save Us",{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|pp=44–45}} a single protesting the jailing of ''[[Oz (magazine)|Oz]]'' magazine's editors on obscenity charges.{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=49}}}} [[File:John Lennon Imagine 1971.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.7|1971 ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' ad for [[John Lennon]]'s album ''[[Imagine (John Lennon album)|Imagine]]'']] That same year Spector oversaw the live recording of the Harrison-organized [[Concert for Bangladesh]] shows in New York City, which resulted in the number 1 triple album ''[[The Concert for Bangladesh (album)|The Concert for Bangladesh]]''.{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=163}} The album won the "Album of the Year" award at the 1973 [[Grammy Awards|Grammys]]. Despite being recorded live, Spector used up to 44 microphones simultaneously to create his trademark Wall of Sound.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LDLhgzA930UC&pg=PT108|page=108|title=The Beatles Diary Volume 2: After The Break-Up 1970–2001|first=Keith|last=Badman|publisher=Omnibus Press|date=2009|isbn=978-0857120014|access-date=September 26, 2020|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062614/https://books.google.com/books?id=LDLhgzA930UC&pg=PT108|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://aln2.albumlinernotes.com/Concert_For_Bangladesh.html|work=albumlinernotes.com|title=Concert For Bangladesh|access-date=April 16, 2020|archive-date=March 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304022532/http://aln2.albumlinernotes.com/Concert_For_Bangladesh.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Following Harrison's death in 2001, Spector said that the most creative period of his career was when he worked with Lennon and Harrison in the early 1970s, and he believed that this was true of Lennon and Harrison also, despite their achievements with the Beatles.<ref name="Kubernik/MusicConnection">{{cite magazine|first=Harvey|last=Kubernik|url=https://www.musicconnection.com/kubernik-george-harrison-all-things-must-pass-50th-anniversary/|title=George Harrison 'All Things Must Pass' 50th Anniversary|magazine=[[Music Connection]]|date=November 10, 2020|access-date=January 18, 2021}}.</ref> Lennon retained Spector for the 1971 Christmas single "[[Happy Xmas (War Is Over)]]" and the poorly reviewed 1972 album ''[[Some Time in New York City]]'' (number 48), both collaborations with [[Yoko Ono]]. In late 1972, Apple reissued Spector's ''A Christmas Gift for You from Philles Records'' (as ''Phil Spector's Christmas Album''),{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=342}} bringing the recordings the commercial success and critical recognition that had originally eluded the 1963 release.{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=166}} Lennon and Ono's "Happy Xmas" single similarly stalled in sales upon its initial release, but later became a fixture on radio station playlists around Christmas.{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=62}} Harrison and Spector started work on Harrison's ''[[Living in the Material World]]'' album in October 1972, but Spector's unreliability soon led to Harrison dismissing him from the project.{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=254}} Harrison recalled having to climb down into Spector's central London hotel room from the roof to get him to attend the sessions, and that his co-producer would then need "eighteen cherry brandies before he could get himself down to the studio".<ref name="White/Musician">{{cite magazine|first=Timothy|last=White|title=George Harrison – Reconsidered|magazine=[[Musician (magazine)|Musician]]|date=November 1987|page=53}}</ref>{{refn|group=nb|In the same 1987 interview, Harrison said Spector's problems with alcohol and his frequent hospitalisation typified their collaborations from 1970 onward. He nevertheless described the producer as "brilliant ... one of the ''greatest''", adding, "he should be out there doing stuff right now—but not with me!"<ref name="White/Musician"/>}} In late 1973, Spector produced the initial recording sessions for what became Lennon's 1975 covers album ''[[Rock 'n' Roll (John Lennon album)|Rock 'n' Roll]]'' (number 6).{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|pp=175, 195}} The sessions were held in Los Angeles, with Lennon allowing Spector free rein as producer for the first time,{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|p=175}} but were characterized by substance abuse and chaotic arrangements.{{sfn|Doggett|2011|pp=210–11}} Amid the party atmosphere, Spector brandished his handguns and at one point fired a shot while Lennon was recording.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=90}}{{refn|group=nb|When asked about reports that Spector had fired his gun into the ceiling, Lennon said: "I don't like to tell tales out of school ... But I do know there was an awful loud noise in the toilet of the Record Plant West."{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=98}}}} In December, Lennon and Spector abandoned the collaboration.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=91}} Since the studio time had been booked by his production company, Spector withheld the tapes until June the following year, when Lennon reimbursed him through [[Capitol Records]].{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=98}} === 1974–1980: Near-fatal accident, Warner-Spector Records, Leonard Cohen, and the Ramones === As the 1970s progressed, Spector became increasingly reclusive. The most probable and significant reason for his withdrawal, according to biographer [[Dave Thompson (author)|Dave Thompson]], was that in 1974 he was seriously injured when he was thrown through the windshield of his car in a crash in [[Hollywood, Los Angeles|Hollywood]].<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/phil-spector-dead-obit-67459/|title=Phil Spector|first1=Keith|last1=Harris|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 17, 2021}}</ref> Spector was almost killed, and it was only because the attending police officer detected a faint pulse that Spector was not declared dead at the scene. He was admitted to the [[UCLA Medical Center]] on the night of March 31, suffering serious head injuries that required several hours of surgery, with over 300 stitches to his face and more than 400 to the back of his head.<ref name=Leibovitz>{{cite web|last1=Leibovitz|first1=Liel|title=Wall of Crazy: Phil Spector and Leonard Cohen's incredible album, released 35 years ago, is a time capsule of American pop music|url=http://tabletmag.com/jewish-arts-and-culture/music/118825/wall-of-crazy|website=Tablet: A New Read on Jewish Life|publisher=Nextbook Inc.|access-date=March 12, 2015|date=December 11, 2012|archive-date=December 15, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215073849/http://tabletmag.com/jewish-arts-and-culture/music/118825/wall-of-crazy|url-status=dead}}</ref> His head injuries, Thompson suggests, were the reason that Spector began his habit of wearing outlandish [[wigs]] in later years.<ref name=Sqm>{{cite web|title=Phil Spector's Terrifying MugShot Is Horrible|url=http://squaremirror.com/news/phil-spectors-terrifying-mug-shot-is-horrible/|website=SquareMirror.com|access-date=March 12, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402162716/http://squaremirror.com/news/phil-spectors-terrifying-mug-shot-is-horrible/|archive-date=April 2, 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> He established the [[Warner-Spector Records|Warner-Spector]] label with [[Warner Bros. Records]], which undertook new Spector-produced recordings with [[Cher]], Darlene Love, Danny Potter, and Jerri Bo Keno, in addition to several reissues. A similar relationship with Britain's [[Polydor Records]] led to the formation of the Phil Spector International label in 1975. When the Cher and Keno singles (the latter's recordings were only issued in Germany) foundered on the charts, Spector released [[Dion DiMucci]]'s ''[[Born to Be with You (album)|Born to Be with You]]'' to little commercial fanfare in 1975; largely produced and recorded by Spector in 1974, it was subsequently disowned by the singer. In the 1990s and 2000s, the album enjoyed a resurgence among the [[indie rock]] cognoscenti.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/4721592/A-masterpiece-Was-it.html | location=London | work=The Daily Telegraph | first=Tom | last=Cox | title=A masterpiece? Was it? | date=February 10, 2001 | access-date=April 2, 2018 | archive-date=April 5, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180405160419/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/4721592/A-masterpiece-Was-it.html | url-status=live }}</ref> The majority of Spector's classic Philles recordings had been out of print in the U.S. since the original label's demise, although Spector had released several Philles Records compilations in Britain. Finally, he released an American compilation of his Philles recordings in 1977, which put most of the better-known Spector hits back into circulation after many years.{{Citation needed|date=January 2013}} Spector began to reemerge later in the decade, producing and co-writing a controversial 1977 album by [[Leonard Cohen]], titled ''[[Death of a Ladies' Man (album)|Death of a Ladies' Man]]''. This angered many devout Cohen fans who preferred his stark acoustic sound to the orchestral and choral wall of sound that the album contains. The recording was fraught with difficulty. After Cohen had laid down practice vocal tracks, Spector mixed the album in studio sessions, rather than allowing Cohen to take a role in the mixing, as Cohen had previously done.<ref name="Leibovitz"/> Cohen remarked that the result is "grotesque", but also "semi-virtuous"—for many years, he included a reworked version of the track "Memories" in live concerts. [[Bob Dylan]] and [[Allen Ginsberg]] also participated in the background vocals on "Don't Go Home with Your Hard-On".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.laweekly.com/music/leonard-cohens-prophecy-of-the-phil-spector-lana-clarkson-incident-death-of-a-ladies-man-2404836|title=Leonard Cohen's Prophecy of the Phil Spector/Lana Clarkson Incident: 'Death of a Ladies' Man'|first=Randall|last=Roberts|work=[[L.A. Weekly]]|date=April 10, 2009|access-date=July 16, 2015|archive-date=July 16, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716120939/http://www.laweekly.com/music/leonard-cohens-prophecy-of-the-phil-spector-lana-clarkson-incident-death-of-a-ladies-man-2404836|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Ramones Toronto 1976.jpg|thumb|right|[[Ramones]] in 1977]] Spector also produced the much-publicized [[Ramones]] album ''[[End of the Century]]'' in 1979. As with his work with Leonard Cohen, ''End of the Century'' received criticism from Ramones fans who were angered over its radio-friendly sound. However, it contains some of the best known and most successful Ramones singles, such as "[[Rock 'n' Roll High School (song)|Rock 'n' Roll High School]]", "[[Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio?]]", and their cover of a previously released Spector song for the Ronettes, "[[Baby, I Love You]]".{{cn|date=April 2022}}{{refn|group=nb|The band still name-checked Spector in the song "It's Not My Place (in the 9 to 5 World)" on their next album, '[[Pleasant Dreams]]''.{{cn|date=April 2022}}}} Guitarist [[Johnny Ramone]] later commented on working with Spector on the recording of the album, "It really worked when he got to a slower song like "[[Danny Says]]"—the production really worked tremendously. For the harder stuff, it didn't work as well."<ref name=jrst>{{cite magazine|author=Devenish, Colin|title=Johnny Ramone Stays Tough: Ramones Guitarist Reflects on Dee Dee's Death and the Difficult Eighties|magazine=Rolling Stone|date=June 24, 2002|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/artists/theramones/articles/story/5934320/johnny_ramone_stays_tough|access-date=January 5, 2008|archive-date=March 1, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090301032347/http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/theramones/articles/story/5934320/johnny_ramone_stays_tough|url-status=dead}}</ref> Rumors circulated for years that Spector had threatened members of the Ramones with a gun during the sessions. [[Dee Dee Ramone]] claimed that Spector once pulled a gun on him when he tried to leave a session.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/the-curse-of-the-ramones-20160519?page=8|title=The Curse of the Ramones|date=May 19, 2016|magazine=Rolling Stone|access-date=September 8, 2017|archive-date=April 19, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180419184029/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/the-curse-of-the-ramones-20160519?page=8|url-status=live}}</ref> Drummer [[Marky Ramone]] recalled in 2008, "They [guns] were there but he had a license to carry. He never held us hostage. We could have left at any time."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nme.com/news/ramones/41403|title=Marky Ramone: 'Phil Spector didn't hold a gun to us'|work=NME|date=December 2, 2008|access-date=June 15, 2009|archive-date=March 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304070941/http://www.nme.com/news/ramones/41403|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.miaminewtimes.com/music/marky-ramone-talks-phil-spector-and-his-first-book-he-never-pointed-a-gun-at-us-7564148|title=Marky Ramone on Phil Spector: "He Never Pointed a Gun at Us" – Miami New Times|first=David|last=Minsky|work=Miami New Times|date=April 7, 2015|access-date=July 16, 2015|archive-date=July 17, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150717050034/http://www.miaminewtimes.com/music/marky-ramone-talks-phil-spector-and-his-first-book-he-never-pointed-a-gun-at-us-7564148|url-status=live}}</ref> ===1981–2003: Inactivity=== [[File:Phil Spector 2000.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Spector in 2000]] Spector remained inactive throughout most of the 1980s, 1990s, and early 2000s. In early 1981, shortly after the death of John Lennon, he temporarily re-emerged to co-produce [[Yoko Ono]]'s ''[[Season of Glass (album)|Season of Glass]].''<ref name="Helander2001">{{cite book|author=Brock Helander|title=The Rockin' 60s: The People Who Made the Music|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4mbHDgAAQBAJ&pg=PT659|date=January 1, 2001|publisher=Schirmer Trade Books|isbn=978-0-85712-811-9|pages=659–}}</ref> In 1989, Tina Turner inducted Spector into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a non-performer.<ref name=":2">{{Cite magazine|last1=Rogers|first1=Sheila|date=March 9, 1989|title=The 1989 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/the-1989-rock-and-roll-hall-of-fame-induction-ceremony-240606/|access-date=January 18, 2021|magazine=Rolling Stone|language=en-US}}</ref> ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' reported, "Spector hit the stage bopping madly to the strains of the Ronettes' "Be My Baby", flanked by three beefy bodyguards who practically elbowed Tina out of the way. He mumbled a few incoherent words about [[George H. W. Bush]] and the [[Inauguration of George H. W. Bush|presidential inauguration]], and then his bodyguards carried him away again."<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Fricke |first1=David |last2=Rogers |first2=Sheila |title=The 1989 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/the-1989-rock-and-roll-hall-of-fame-induction-ceremony-240606/ |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |date=March 9, 1989}}</ref> He was inducted into the [[Songwriters Hall of Fame]] in 1997 and he received the [[Grammy Trustees Award]] in 2000.<ref name=":1"/><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Phil Spector|url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/phil-spector/16081|website=Recording Academy Grammy Awards|date=November 23, 2020}}</ref> In 1994, Spector wrote a letter to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's nominating committee to oppose [[the Ronettes]] being considered for induction. He argued that the group was not a proper recording act and did not contribute enough to music to merit an induction.<ref name="blasts">{{cite web |title=Phil Spector blasts The Ronettes' Hall Of Fame induction |url=https://www.nme.com/news/music/the-ronettes-2-1350336 |website=[[NME]] |date=March 7, 2007}}</ref> The Ronettes were eventually inducted into the Hall, but not until 2007.<ref name="blasts"/> He attempted to work with [[Céline Dion]] on her album ''[[Falling into You]]'' but fell out with her production team.<ref name="ew.com">{{cite magazine|url=https://ew.com/article/2004/12/03/heres-celine-dions-1995-buried-treasure/|title=Here's Celine Dion's 1995 ''buried treasure''|magazine=Entertainment Weekly|first=Chris|last=Willaman|date=December 3, 2004|access-date=November 6, 2017|archive-date=November 7, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107221514/http://ew.com/article/2004/12/03/heres-celine-dions-1995-buried-treasure/|url-status=live}}</ref> His last released project was ''[[Silence Is Easy]]'' by [[Starsailor (band)|Starsailor]], in 2003. He was originally supposed to produce the entire album, but was fired owing to personal and creative differences. One of the two Spector-produced songs on the album, [[Silence Is Easy (song)|the title track]], was a UK top 10 single (the other single being "White Dove").<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/reviews/4b3n |title=Music – Review of Starsailor – Silence Is Easy |publisher=BBC |access-date=August 1, 2014 |archive-date=November 26, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171126092150/http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/reviews/4b3n/ |url-status=live }}</ref> === 2003–2021: Clarkson murder and imprisonment === {{Main|Murder of Lana Clarkson}} On February 3, 2003, Spector shot actress [[Lana Clarkson]] in the mouth while in his mansion (the Pyrenees Castle) in [[Alhambra, California]]. Her body was found slumped in a chair with a single gunshot wound to her mouth.<ref>{{cite web |first=Anthony |last=Bruno |url=http://www.trutv.com/library/crime/notorious_murders/celebrity/phil_spector/index.html |title=Phil Spector: The 'mad genius' of rock'n'roll |website=TruTV.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121210114832/http://www.trutv.com/library/crime/notorious_murders/celebrity/phil_spector/index.html |archive-date=December 10, 2012}}</ref> Spector told ''[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]'' in July&nbsp;2003 that Clarkson's death was an "accidental suicide" and that she "kissed the gun".<ref name=Guardian>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/mar/17/musicnews.usa |title=Phil Spector and the wall of charges |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |location=London, UK |date=March 16, 2007 |access-date=December 18, 2018 |archive-date=December 19, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181219090838/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/mar/17/musicnews.usa |url-status=live}}</ref> The emergency call from Spector's home, made by Spector's driver, Adriano de Souza, quotes Spector as saying, "I think I killed somebody."<ref name=Guardian/> De Souza added that he saw Spector come out of the back door of the house with a gun in his hand.<ref name=Guardian/> Spector remained free on $1&nbsp;million bail while awaiting trial.<ref name="Televised"/> In the meantime, Spector produced singer-songwriter Hargo Khalsa's track (known professionally as Hargo) "Crying for John Lennon", which originally appears on Hargo's 2006 album ''In Your Eyes''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/in-your-eyes-mw0001110137 |title=In Your Eyes – Hargo |series=Songs, Reviews, Credits, Awards |publisher=AllMusic |date=July 24, 2006 |access-date=August 1, 2014 |archive-date=May 2, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200502144132/https://www.allmusic.com/album/in-your-eyes-mw0001110137 |url-status=live }}</ref> On a visit to Spector's mansion for an interview for the Lennon tribute film ''Strawberry Fields'', Hargo played Spector the song and asked him to produce it.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nme.com/news/phil-spector/30309 |title=Phil Spector continues work in studio |work=NME |date=August 13, 2007 |access-date=June 30, 2010 |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304080142/http://www.nme.com/news/phil-spector/30309 |url-status=live}}</ref> On March 19, 2007, Spector's murder trial began. Presiding Judge Larry Paul Fidler allowed the proceedings in Los Angeles [[Superior Court]] to be televised.<ref name="Televised">{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6371665.stm |title=US Spector trial to be televised |website=[[BBC News]] |publisher=[[BBC]] |location=London |date=February 17, 2007 |access-date=March 9, 2007 |archive-date=March 8, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080308122416/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6371665.stm |url-status=live}}</ref> On September 26, Fidler declared a [[mistrial (law)|mistrial]] because of a [[hung jury]] (ten to two for conviction).<ref name="nytimes_mistrial">{{cite news |first=Randal C. |last=Archibold |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/27/us/27spector.html |title=Mistrial Declared in Spector Murder Case |date=September 27, 2007 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=September 26, 2009 |archive-date=April 16, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416050800/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/27/us/27spector.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Keith |last=Morrison |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/20749858/ns/dateline_nbc-phil_spector_trial/t/facing-music/#.XBl-nUtRfm0 |title=Facing the music |publisher=[[NBC News]] |location=New York City |date=September 12, 2007 |access-date=December 18, 2018 |archive-date=December 19, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181219044215/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/20749858/ns/dateline_nbc-phil_spector_trial/t/facing-music/#.XBl-nUtRfm0 |url-status=live}}</ref> Released in December 2007, the song "[[B Boy Baby]]" by [[Mutya Buena]] and [[Amy Winehouse]] featured melodic and lyrical passages heavily influenced by "Be My Baby". As a result, Spector was given a songwriting credit on the single. The sections from "Be My Baby" were sung by Winehouse, not sampled from the mono single.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nme.com/reviews/mutya-buena/8623 |title=Mutya Buena |work=NME |date=June 1, 2007 |access-date=June 30, 2010 |archive-date=April 15, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415053710/http://www.nme.com/reviews/mutya-buena/8623 |url-status=live}}</ref> Winehouse referenced her admiration of Spector's work and often performed Spector's first hit song, "[[To Know Him Is to Love Him]]".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QAHdAVOiw6Q |title=Amy Winehouse: To know him is to love him (live) |via=YouTube |date=October 31, 2009 |access-date=June 30, 2010 |archive-date=June 6, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160606092928/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QAHdAVOiw6Q |url-status=live}}</ref> That same month, Spector attended the funeral of [[Ike Turner]]. In his eulogy, Spector criticized Tina Turner's autobiography—and its subsequent promotion by [[Oprah Winfrey]]—as a "badly written" book that "demonized and vilified Ike". Spector commented that "Ike made Tina the jewel she was. When I went to see Ike play at the Cinegrill in the '90s ... there were at least five Tina Turners on the stage performing that night, and any one of them could have been the real Tina Turner."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nme.com/news/ike-turner/33364 |title=Phil Spector criticises Tina Turner at Ike Turner's funeral |date=December 23, 2007 |work=NME |access-date=June 30, 2010 |archive-date=September 7, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160907050201/http://www.nme.com/news/ike-turner/33364 |url-status=live}}</ref> In mid-April&nbsp;2008, [[BBC Two]] broadcast a special titled ''Phil Spector: The Agony and the Ecstasy'', by [[Vikram Jayanti]]. It consists of Spector's first screen interview—breaking a long period of media silence. During the conversation, images from the murder court case are juxtaposed with live appearances of his tracks on television programs from the 1960s and 1970s, along with subtitles giving critical interpretations of some of his song production values. While he does not directly try to clear his name, the court case proceedings shown try to give further explanation of the facts surrounding the murder charges leveled against him. He also speaks about the musical instincts that led him to create some of his most enduring hit records, from "You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'" to "River Deep, Mountain High", as well as ''Let It Be'', along with criticisms he feels he has had to deal with throughout his life.<ref>{{cite news |last=Thorpe |first=Vanessa |url=http://music.guardian.co.uk/news/story/0,,2257524,00.html?gusrc=rss&feed=uknews |title=Phil Spector breaks his silence before second trial for murder |series=Music Guardian |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=February 18, 2008 |access-date=June 30, 2010 |location=London |archive-date=December 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062644/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2008/feb/17/news.television |url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Phil Spector, mugshot (2009).jpg|thumb|right|2009 [[mug shot]]]] {{Wikinews|Music producer Phil Spector convicted of murder}} The retrial of Spector for [[Murder (United States law)#Degrees|murder in the second degree]] began on October 20, 2008,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nme.com/news/phil-spector/40549 |title=Phil Spector murder retrial gets underway, Jury selection begins in LA |newspaper=[[NME]] |publisher=[[TI Media]] |location=London|date=October 21, 2008 |access-date=March 31, 2013 |archive-date=June 16, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130616210039/http://www.nme.com/news/phil-spector/40549 |url-status=live }}</ref> with Judge Fidler again presiding; the retrial was not televised. Spector was once again represented by attorney Jennifer Lee Barringer.<ref>{{cite web |title=Attorney Jennifer Barringer (L) looks on pictures |url=https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/news-photo/attorney-jennifer-barringer-looks-on-as-phil-spector-looks-news-photo/85948115#attorney-jennifer-barringer-looks-on-as-phil-spector-looks-down-after-picture-id85948115 |website=[[Getty Images]] |access-date=February 1, 2018 |archive-date=February 2, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180202071501/https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/news-photo/attorney-jennifer-barringer-looks-on-as-phil-spector-looks-news-photo/85948115#attorney-jennifer-barringer-looks-on-as-phil-spector-looks-down-after-picture-id85948115 |url-status=live}}</ref> The case went to the jury on March 26, 2009, and 18&nbsp;days later, on April 13, the jury returned a guilty verdict.<ref>{{cite news |first=David K. |last=Li |url=http://www.nypost.com/seven/04132009/news/nationalnews/phil_spector_faces_the_music_164259.htm |title=Phil Spector faces the music |newspaper=[[New York Post]] |date=April 13, 2009 |access-date=June 30, 2010 |archive-date=July 27, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090727022523/http://www.nypost.com/seven/04132009/news/nationalnews/phil_spector_faces_the_music_164259.htm |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6984082.stm |title=Phil Spector convicted of murder |website=[[BBC News]] |publisher=[[BBC]]|location=London |date=April 13, 2009 |access-date=April 13, 2009 |archive-date=April 14, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090414012017/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6984082.stm |url-status=live}}</ref> Additionally, Spector was found guilty of using a firearm in the commission of a crime, which added four years to the sentence.<ref name="conviction">{{cite news |url=http://www.knx1070.com/Convicted--Spector-Found-Guilty-of-2nd-Degree-Murd/4193920 |title=Phil Spector found guilty of 2nd degree murder |agency=[[Associated Press]] |date=April 13, 2009 |access-date=December 18, 2018}}{{Dead link |date=July 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> He was immediately taken into custody and, on May 29, 2009, was sentenced to 19&nbsp;years to life in the [[California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation|California state prison system]].<ref name="cnn_sentencing">{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2009/CRIME/05/29/spector.sentencing/index.html|title=Phil Spector gets 19 years to life for murder of actress|date=May 29, 2009|access-date=May 30, 2009|publisher=[[CNN]]|author=Duke, Alan|archive-date=September 23, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100923030324/http://edition.cnn.com/2009/CRIME/05/29/spector.sentencing/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="CDCR_inmate_locator">{{cite web|url=https://inmatelocator.cdcr.ca.gov/Details.aspx?ID=G63408|title=CDCR Inmate Locator|access-date=June 4, 2019|publisher=cdcr.ca.gov|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062744/https://inmatelocator.cdcr.ca.gov/default.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Weber">{{cite news |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/phil-spector-famed-music-producer-160916853.html |first1=Christopher |last1=Weber |first2=Linda |last2=Deutsch |date=January 17, 2021 |agency=[[Associated Press]] |title=Phil Spector, famed music producer and murderer, dies at 81 |via=[[Yahoo!]]}}</ref><ref name="Davies">{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jan/17/phil-spector-pop-producer-convicted-of-dies-aged-81 |first1=Caroline |last1=Davies |title=Phil Spector, pop producer convicted of murder, dies aged 81 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=January 17, 2021}}</ref> Various attempted appeals were unsuccessful, in 2011, 2012, and 2016.<ref name=BBC2011-08-18-01a>{{cite web |title=Phil Spector denied murder appeal|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-14571589 |publisher=[[BBC]] |access-date=July 23, 2021 |date=August 18, 2011}}</ref><ref name=Guardian2012-02-22-01a>{{cite news |author=Sean Michaels|title=Phil Spector appeal rejected by US supreme court|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/feb/22/phil-spector-appeal-supreme-court|work=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=July 23, 2021 |date=February 22, 2012|quote=The music producer's conviction for the murder of Lana Clarkson in 2003 will not be overturned after court refuses to hear appeal ... The court let stand a California appeals court ruling last May that upheld Spector's conviction for the murder of Lana Clarkson in 2003. The court offered no comment on the case.}}</ref><ref name=RadarOnline-01a>{{cite web |title=Phil Spector's Battle For Freedom Is Over! Judge Rules On Appeal |url=https://radaronline.com/exclusives/2016/06/phil-spector-appeal-denied-murdered-remain-prison-lana-clarkson-guilty-sentence/ |website=[[Radar Online]] |access-date=July 23, 2021 |date=June 17, 2016}}</ref> == Musicianship == {{See also|Wall of Sound}} <!-- {{Rquote|right|I enjoyed all the records very much. I made them all from the heart. I made them all with art in mind, and all to reveal a picture of where I was when I made them."|Phil Spector|1968 [[Pop Chronicles]] interview.<ref name=pc21/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.goldminemag.com/tag/phil-spector|title=Phil Spector &#124; Goldmine Magazine |publisher=Goldminemag.com|access-date=2011-10-28}}</ref>}} --> Spector's early musical influences included [[Latin music (genre)|Latin music]] in general, and [[Latin percussion]] in particular.<ref>{{cite news|first=Robert|last=Palmer|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1977/03/20/archives/phil-spector-master-of-the-60s-sound.html|title=Phil Spector‐Master Of the 60's Sound|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=March 20, 1977|access-date=December 18, 2018|archive-date=December 19, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181219044009/https://www.nytimes.com/1977/03/20/archives/phil-spector-master-of-the-60s-sound.html|url-status=live}}</ref> This is perceptible in many if not all of Spector's recordings, from the percussion in many of his hit songs: shakers, güiros ([[gourds]]), and [[maracas]] in "Be My Baby" and the [[son montuno]] in "You've Lost That Lovin' Feeling" (heard clearly in the song's bridge, played by session bassist [[Carol Kaye]], while the same repeating refrain is played on harpsichord by [[Larry Knechtel]]). Spector's trademark during his recording career was the so-called [[Wall of Sound]], a production technique yielding a dense, layered effect that reproduced well on [[AM radio]] and [[jukebox]]es. To attain this signature sound, Spector gathered large groups of musicians (playing some instruments not generally used for ensemble playing, such as [[electric guitar|electric]] and [[acoustic guitar]]s) playing orchestrated parts—often doubling and tripling many instruments playing in [[unison]]—for a fuller sound. Spector himself called his technique "a [[Wagnerian]] approach to rock & roll: little symphonies for the kids".<ref>{{cite book|last1=DeCurtis|first1=Anthony|title=Rocking My Life Away: Writing about Music and Other Matters|date=1999|publisher=Duke University Press|location=Durham, North Carolina|isbn=0822324199|page=142 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=710jaQyASrcC&pg=PA142|access-date=August 4, 2017}}</ref> Spector directed the overall sound of his recordings, using a core group that became known as [[The Wrecking Crew (music)|the Wrecking Crew]], including session players such as [[Hal Blaine]], [[Larry Knechtel]], [[Steve Douglas (saxophonist)|Steve Douglas]], [[Carol Kaye]], [[Roy Caton]], [[Glen Campbell]], and [[Leon Russell]]. He delegated arrangements to [[Jack Nitzsche]] and had [[Sonny Bono]] oversee the performances, viewing these two as his "lieutenants".<ref>{{cite magazine|first=Chuck|last=Eddy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WI46846SAhwC&q=phil+spector+jack+nitzsche+sonny+bono+lieutenants&pg=PA79|title=Essentials: A Mad Genius Turns the Wall of Sound Into Rock's Most Transcendent Trick|magazine=[[Spin (magazine)|Spin]]|date=April 2011|access-date=December 18, 2018|page=79|via=[[Google Books]]|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062616/https://books.google.com/books?id=WI46846SAhwC&q=phil+spector+jack+nitzsche+sonny+bono+lieutenants&pg=PA79|url-status=live}}</ref> Spector frequently used songs from songwriters employed at the [[Brill Building]] (Trio Music) and at 1650 Broadway (Aldon Music), such as the teams of [[Ellie Greenwich]] and [[Jeff Barry]], [[Barry Mann]] and [[Cynthia Weil]], and [[Gerry Goffin]] and [[Carole King]]. He often worked with the songwriters, receiving co-credit and publishing royalties for compositions.<ref>{{cite news|first=Harriet|last=Ryan|url=https://articles.latimes.com/2009/apr/08/local/me-spector-money8|title=Spector's long legal battles may be sapping his fortune|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=April 8, 2009|access-date=December 18, 2018|archive-date=May 17, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160517025849/http://articles.latimes.com/2009/apr/08/local/me-spector-money8|url-status=live}}</ref> Despite the trend towards multichannel recording, Spector was vehemently opposed to [[stereophonic sound|stereo]] releases, saying that it took control of the record's sound away from the producer in favor of the listener.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6467441.stm |title=Entertainment &#124; Phil Spector's Wall of Sound |website=[[BBC News]] |publisher=[[BBC]] |location=London, England |date=April 14, 2009 |access-date=October 14, 2011 |archive-date=March 26, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326190524/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6467441.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> Sometimes a pair of strings or horns would be double-tracked multiple times to sound like an entire string or horn section. But in the final product the background sometimes could not be distinguished as either horns or strings. Spector also greatly preferred singles to albums, describing [[LP album|LPs]] as "two hits and ten pieces of junk", reflecting both his commercial methods and those of many other producers at the time.{{sfn|Brown|2007|pp=184–185}} {{Better source needed|date=July 2021}} ==Legacy and influence== According to guitarist [[Stevie Van Zandt]] of the [[E Street Band]], Spector was a "genius irredeemably conflicted". On Twitter, he wrote: "[Spector] was the ultimate example of the art always being better than the artist... [He] made some of the greatest records in history based on the salvation of love while remaining incapable of giving or receiving love his whole life."<ref name="Landrum">{{cite news |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/phil-spectors-death-resurrects-mixed-024909351.html |agency=Associated Press |title=Phil Spector's death resurrects mixed reaction from skeptics | first1=Jonathon Jr. |last1=Landrum |date=January 17, 2021 |location=Los Angeles |quote=But while Spector made his mark as a revolutionary music producer, the stories of him waving guns at recording artists and being convicted of murder overshadowed his artistry.}}</ref> Spector is often called the first [[auteur]] among musical artists{{sfn|Bannister|2007|p=38}}{{sfn|Eisenberg|2005|p=103}} for acting not only as a producer, but also the creative director, writing or choosing the material, supervising the arrangements, conducting the vocalists and [[session musician]]s, and masterminding all phases of the recording process.{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=23}} He helped pave the way for [[art rock]],{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=25}} and helped inspire the emergence of aesthetically oriented genres such as [[shoegaze]]{{sfn|Bannister|2007|p=38}} and [[noise music]].{{sfn|Bannister|2007|p=158}} ''[[PopMatters]]'' editor [[John Bergstrom]] credits the start of [[dream pop]] to Spector's collaboration with George Harrison on ''All Things Must Pass''.<ref>{{cite web|last=Bergstrom|first=John|title=George Harrison: All Things Must Pass|url=https://www.popmatters.com/review/135411-george-harrison-all-things-must-pass/|work=PopMatters|access-date=April 28, 2014|date=January 13, 2011|archive-date=December 13, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213100310/http://www.popmatters.com/review/135411-george-harrison-all-things-must-pass/|url-status=live}}</ref> His influence has been claimed by performers such as [[the Beatles]], [[the Beach Boys]],{{sfn|Bannister|2007|p=39}} and [[the Velvet Underground]]<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Reed|first=Lou|title=The View from the Bandstand|magazine=Aspen Magazine|date=December 1966|issue=3}}</ref> alongside latter-day record producers such as [[Brian Eno]] and [[Tony Visconti]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Tamm|first=Eric|title=Brian Eno: His Music and the Vertical Color of Sound|date=1995|publisher=Da Capo Press|location=New York|isbn=978-0-306-80649-0|page=30|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rTiz6x13730C|edition=Updated ed., 1. Da Capo Press|access-date=September 26, 2020|archive-date=May 17, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160517105148/https://books.google.com/books?id=rTiz6x13730C|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Lecture: Tony Visconti (Madrid 2011)|url=http://vimeo.com/32710229|publisher=Red Bull Music Academy|access-date=May 20, 2014|year=2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150123023220/http://vimeo.com/32710229|archive-date=January 23, 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Alternative rock]] performers [[Cocteau Twins]],<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Guthrie|first=Robin|title=Robin Guthrie of Cocteau Twins Talks about the Records That Changed His Life|magazine=Melody Maker|date=November 6, 1993|page=27}}</ref> [[My Bloody Valentine (band)|My Bloody Valentine]],{{sfn|Bannister|2007|p=39}} and [[the Jesus and Mary Chain]]{{sfn|Bannister|2007|p=39}} have all cited Spector as an influence. [[Shoegaze]], a British musical movement in the late 1980s to mid-1990s, was heavily influenced by the Wall of Sound. [[Jason Pierce]] of [[Spiritualized]] has cited Spector as a major influence on his ''[[Let It Come Down (Spiritualized album)|Let It Come Down]]'' album.{{citation needed|date=August 2014}} [[Bobby Gillespie]] of [[Primal Scream]] and [[the Jesus and Mary Chain]] has enthused about Spector, with the song "[[Just Like Honey]]" opening with an homage of the famous "Be My Baby" drum intro.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Adams|first1=Erik|last2=Casciato|first2=Cory|last3=Eakin|first3=Marah|last4=Heller|first4=Jason|last5=Sava|first5=Oliver|last6=Zaleski|first6=Annie|title=Kick kick kick snare, repeat: 15 songs that borrow the drum intro from 'Be My Baby'|url=https://www.avclub.com/article/kick-kick-kick-snare-repeat-15-songs-that-borrow-t-102315|website=AV Club|date=September 2, 2013 |access-date=August 4, 2017|archive-date=August 19, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819045850/http://www.avclub.com/article/kick-kick-kick-snare-repeat-15-songs-that-borrow-t-102315|url-status=live}}</ref> Many have tried to emulate Spector's methods, and [[Brian Wilson]] of the Beach Boys—a fellow adherent of mono recording—considered Spector his main competition as a studio artist. In the 1960s, Wilson thought of Spector as "the single most influential producer. He's timeless. He makes a milestone whenever he goes into the studio."<ref>{{cite news|last=Grevatt|first=Ron|title=Beach Boys' Blast|work=Melody Maker|date=March 19, 1966|url=http://i1218.photobucket.com/albums/dd420/kwan_dk/MMMarch191966.jpg|access-date=June 23, 2013|archive-date=March 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303193107/http://i1218.photobucket.com/albums/dd420/kwan_dk/MMMarch191966.jpg|url-status=live}}</ref> Wilson's fascination with Spector's work has persisted for decades, with many different references to Spector and his work scattered around Wilson's songs with the Beach Boys and even his solo career. Of Spector-related productions, Wilson has been involved with covers of "[[Be My Baby]]", "[[Chapel of Love]]", "[[Just Once in My Life]]", "[[There's No Other (Like My Baby)]]", "[[Then He Kissed Me]]", "[[Talk to Me (Joe Seneca song)|Talk to Me]]", "[[Why Don't They Let Us Fall in Love]]", "[[You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin']]", "[[Da Doo Ron Ron]]", "[[I Can Hear Music]]", and "This Could Be the Night".<ref>{{cite book|last=Lambert|first=Philip|title=Inside the Music of Brian Wilson: the Songs, Sounds, and Influences of the Beach Boys' Founding Genius|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7XsZAQAAIAAJ|year=2007|publisher=Continuum|isbn=978-0-8264-1876-0|pages=331–79|access-date=April 8, 2016|archive-date=May 15, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160515190704/https://books.google.com/books?id=7XsZAQAAIAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Johnny Franz]]'s mid-1960s productions for [[Dusty Springfield]] and [[the Walker Brothers]] also employed a layered, symphonic "Wall of Sound" arrangement-and-recording style, heavily influenced by the Spector sound.<ref name="Ward2018">{{cite book|first=Kit|last=Ward|title=City of Song: A London Sixties Music Trail|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CCBzDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT35|year= 2018|publisher=Prydain Press|isbn=978-1-916469-31-0|pages=35–}}</ref> Another example is the Forum, a studio project of [[Les Baxter]], which produced a minor hit in 1967 with "[[The River Is Wide]]". [[Sonny Bono]], a former associate of Spector's, developed a jangly, guitar-laden variation on the Spector sound, which is heard mainly in mid-1960s productions for his then-wife [[Cher]], notably "[[Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)]]". [[Bruce Springsteen]] emulated the Wall of Sound technique in his recording of "[[Born to Run (Bruce Springsteen song)|Born to Run]]".{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=25}} In 1973, the British band [[Wizzard]], led by [[Roy Wood]], had three Spector-influenced hits with "[[See My Baby Jive]]", "[[Angel Fingers (A Teen Ballad)]]", and "[[I Wish It Could Be Christmas Everyday]]", the latter becoming a perennial Christmas hit.{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=25}} Other contemporaries influenced by Spector include [[Shadow Morton|George Morton]], [[Sonny & Cher]], [[the Rolling Stones]], [[the Four Tops]], [[Mark Wirtz]], [[the Lovin' Spoonful]], and [[the Beatles]].{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=24}} Swedish pop group [[ABBA]] cited Spector as an influence, and used similar Wall of Sound techniques in their early songs, including "[[Ring Ring (ABBA song)|Ring Ring]]", "[[Waterloo (ABBA song)|Waterloo]]", and "[[Dancing Queen]]".<ref name="Publications2012">{{cite book|title=Really Easy Piano: ABBA|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DHXHDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA34|year=2012|publisher=Wise Publications|isbn=978-0-85712-947-5|pages=34–}}</ref> The Los Angeles-based [[new wave music|new wave]] band [[Wall of Voodoo]] takes their name from Spector's Wall of Sound.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Jennings|first=Steve|date=March 1, 2005|title=Classic Tracks: Wall of Voodoo's "Mexican Radio"|url=https://www.mixonline.com/recording/classic-tracks-wall-voodoos-mexican-radio-365502|access-date=January 17, 2021|website=[[Mix (magazine)|Mix]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Spector's influence is also felt in other areas of the world, especially Japan. [[City pop]] musician [[Eiichi Ohtaki]] has been influenced by Spector and the Wall of Sound.<ref>{{Cite web|last=B.|first=Sheila|date=August 13, 2013|title=Nippon Girls: Japanese Synth-pop, Bubble-gum, and Ballads Mix (1971-1985)|url=https://www.chachacharming.com/music/nippon-girls-japanese-synth-pop-bubble-gum-and-ballads-mix-1971-1985/|access-date=January 17, 2021|website=Chacha Charming|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Eiichi Ohtaki- Japanese music otaku legend|url=https://jculinferno.tumblr.com/post/84173600466/eiichi-ohtaki-japanese-music-otaku-legend|access-date=January 17, 2021|website=jculinferno|language=en}}</ref> == Personal life == ===Relationships and children=== Spector's first marriage was in 1963 to Annette Merar, lead vocalist of the Spectors Three, a 1960s pop trio formed and produced by Spector. He named a record company after Merar, Annette Records.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dailybreeze.com/general-news/20090720/phil-spectors-first-wife-reported-missing|title=Phil Spector's first wife reported missing|date=July 20, 2009|website=Daily Breeze|language=en-US|access-date=September 13, 2019|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062619/https://www.dailybreeze.com/2009/07/20/phil-spectors-first-wife-reported-missing/|url-status=live}}</ref> Spector and Merar divorced in 1966.<ref>{{Cite book|date=January 12, 2022|title=Phil Spector: Out Of His Head|isbn=9780857120564|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vyyVGNycEA0C&dq=divorced&pg=PT107|access-date=January 13, 2022|language=en-gb|last1=Williams|first1=Richard}}</ref> While still married to Merar, he began having an affair with Ronnie Bennett, later known as [[Ronnie Spector]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.enotes.com/contemporary-musicians/spector-ronnie-biography|title=Spector, Ronnie Study Guide & Homework Help|publisher=eNotes.com|access-date=March 31, 2013|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062551/https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/who-was-ronnie-spector-what-did-she-contribute-468884|url-status=live}}</ref> Bennett was the lead singer of the girl group [[the Ronettes]] (another group Spector managed and produced). They married in 1968 and adopted a son, Donté Phillip Spector.<ref name=":4" /> As a Christmas present, Spector surprised her by adopting twins Louis Phillip Spector and Gary Phillip Spector.<ref name=":4">{{Cite news|date=January 17, 2021|title=Phil Spector, Pop Music Hitmaker Convicted of Murder, Dies at 81|language=en|work=Bloomberg|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-01-17/phil-spector-pop-music-hitmaker-convicted-of-murder-dies-at-81|access-date=January 19, 2021}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/rqeg3r/ronnie-spector-interview-2013|title=Ronnie Spector: The Original Icon|last=Muller|first=Marissa G.|date=November 12, 2013|website=Vice|access-date=September 13, 2019|archive-date=May 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200502151037/https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/rqeg3r/ronnie-spector-interview-2013|url-status=live}}</ref> In her 1990 memoir, ''[[Be My Baby (book)|Be My Baby: How I Survived Mascara, Miniskirts And Madness]]'', Bennett alleged that Spector had imprisoned her in his California mansion and subjected her to years of psychological torment. According to Bennett, Spector sabotaged her career by forbidding her to perform. She escaped from the mansion barefoot with the help of her mother in 1972.<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandpopfeatures/10676805/Ronnie-Spector-interview-The-more-Phil-tried-to-destroy-me-the-stronger-I-got.html|title=Ronnie Spector interview: 'The more Phil tried to destroy me, the stronger I got'|last=Hoby|first=Hermione|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=March 6, 2014|access-date=November 25, 2017|language=en-GB|issn=0307-1235|archive-date=May 29, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140529103205/http://entertainment.ca.msn.com/music/photos/gallery.aspx?cp-documentid=24160517&page=7|url-status=live}}</ref> In their 1974 divorce settlement, she forfeited all future record earnings and surrendered custody of their children. She alleged that this was because Spector threatened to hire a [[Contract killing|hitman]] to kill her.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/marriage-hit-wrong-chord-ronette-article-1.797108|title=Marriage Hit Wrong Chord, Says Ronette|last=Arena|first=Salvatore|date=June 11, 1998|newspaper=[[Daily News (New York)|Daily News]]|location=New York|access-date=September 13, 2019|archive-date=July 2, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702141716/https://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/marriage-hit-wrong-chord-ronette-article-1.797108|url-status=live}}</ref> Spector's sons Gary and Donté both stated that their father "kept them captive" as children, and that they were "forced to perform simulated intercourse" with his girlfriend. According to Gary, "I was blindfolded and sexually molested. Dad would say, 'You're going to meet someone,' and it would be a 'learning experience'."<ref name="GaryDonte">{{Cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/spector-sons-dad-caged-article-1.669891|title=Spector's Sons: Dad Caged Us|work=Daily News|location=New York|access-date=November 25, 2017|language=en|archive-date=December 1, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201042449/http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/spector-sons-dad-caged-article-1.669891|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Willis |first1=Tim |title=Phil Spector's troubled life |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/3664496/Phil-Spectors-troubled-life.html |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=April 18, 2007 |access-date=September 12, 2018 |archive-date=September 13, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913002443/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/3664496/Phil-Spectors-troubled-life.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Donté described himself as coming "from a very sick, twisted, dysfunctional family".<ref name="GaryDonte"/> In 1982, Spector had twin children with his girlfriend Janis Zavala: Nicole Audrey Spector and Phillip Spector Jr. Phillip Jr. died of [[leukemia]] in 1991.<ref name=":4"/><ref>{{cite magazine |last=Sam |first=Robert |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/fame/features/2003/06/spector200306?currentPage=6 |title=Legend with a Bullet |magazine=Vanity Fair |access-date=March 31, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091130102156/http://www.vanityfair.com/fame/features/2003/06/spector200306?currentPage=6 |archive-date=November 30, 2009 }}</ref> On September 1, 2006, while on bail and awaiting trial, Spector married his third wife Rachelle Short, who was 26 at the time. Spector filed for divorce in April 2016, claiming [[irreconcilable differences]].<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.tmz.com/2016/04/23/phil-spector-divorce | title=Phil Spector Files for Divorce: My Wife's Killing Me | work=TMZ | date=April 23, 2016 | access-date=April 23, 2016 | archive-date=May 2, 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200502202445/https://www.tmz.com/2016/04/23/phil-spector-divorce/ | url-status=live }}</ref> They divorced in 2018.<ref>{{cite web |title=Phil Spector Fast Facts |url=https://www.cnn.com/2013/06/25/us/phil-spector-fast-facts/index.html |publisher=CNN |date=March 25, 2021}}</ref> ===Health, illness, and death=== [[File:Phil-spector-2014-mug-shot.jpg|thumb|right|2014 mug shot]] Spector testified in a 2005 court deposition that he had been treated for [[bipolar disorder]] ("manic depression") for eight years, saying, "No sleep, depression, mood changes, mood swings, hard to live with, hard to concentrate, just hard—a hard time getting through life, I've been called a genius and I think a genius is not there all the time and has borderline insanity."<ref name="AP2021">{{cite news |first1=Christopher |last1=Weber |first2=Linda |last2=Deutsch |title=Phil Spector, famed music producer and murderer, dies at 81 |url=https://apnews.com/article/phil-spector-los-angeles-music-lana-clarkson-california-2845684db91046267039f7d628ce20d4 |work=AP News |date=January 17, 2021}}</ref> In the first criminal trial for the Clarkson murder, defense expert and [[forensic pathologist]] [[Vincent Di Maio]] said that Spector might be suffering from [[Parkinson's disease]] stating, "Look at Mr.&nbsp;Spector. He has Parkinson's features. He trembles."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2007-06-28-phil-spector_N.htm|title=Defense expert, prosecutor spar in Phil Spector murder trial|newspaper=USA Today|date=June 28, 2007|access-date=March 31, 2011|archive-date=August 18, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070818110753/http://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2007-06-28-phil-spector_N.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> California Department of Corrections photos from 2013 (released in September 2014) show evidence of a progressive deterioration in Spector's health, according to observers.<ref>[http://www.nola.com/crime/index.ssf/2014/09/phil_spector_new_photos_show_t.html Phil Spector: New photos show toll of age, prison on pop legend] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140927000125/http://www.nola.com/crime/index.ssf/2014/09/phil_spector_new_photos_show_t.html |date=September 27, 2014 }}. Published September 23, 2014. Retrieved September 24, 2014.</ref><ref>[http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/world/americas/article4216495.ece Phil Spector photos show prison taking its toll] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140924220610/http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/world/americas/article4216495.ece |date=September 24, 2014 }} ''[[The Times]]''. Retrieved September 24, 2014.</ref> He had been an inmate at the [[California Health Care Facility]] (a prison hospital) in [[Stockton, California|Stockton]] since October 2013.<ref name=Silence>{{cite news|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/jailed-phil-spectors-wall-silence-4331279|title=Jailed Phil Spector's wall of silence as he loses ability to speak|newspaper=[[Daily Mirror]]|date=September 26, 2014|access-date=September 27, 2014|archive-date=December 21, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171221213140/http://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/jailed-phil-spectors-wall-silence-4331279|url-status=live}}</ref> In September 2014, it was reported that Spector had lost his ability to speak, owing to [[laryngeal papillomatosis]].<ref name=Silence/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/music/record-producer-phil-spector-loses-voice-facility-sick-inmates-article-1.1954901|title=Music producer Phil Spector loses voice, now in facility for sick inmates|newspaper=[[Daily News (New York)|Daily News]]|location=New York|date=September 27, 2014|access-date=October 2, 2014|archive-date=September 30, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140930080711/http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/music/record-producer-phil-spector-loses-voice-facility-sick-inmates-article-1.1954901|url-status=live}}</ref> He was taken to [[San Joaquin General Hospital]] in [[French Camp, California]], on December 31, and [[Tracheal intubation|intubated]] in January 2021.<ref name="Grimes2021">{{cite news |last1=Grimes |first1=William |date=January 17, 2021 |title=Phil Spector, Famed Music Producer Imprisoned in Slaying, Dies at 81 |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/17/arts/music/phil-spector-dead.html |url-access=limited |access-date=January 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211228/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/17/arts/music/phil-spector-dead.html |archive-date=December 28, 2021}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Spector died in an outside hospital on January 16 at the age of 81, according to the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/news/2021/01/17/inmate-phillip-spector-dies-of-natural-causes/ |title=CDCR Inmate Locator |publisher=California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation |access-date=June 4, 2019 |archive-date=December 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062711/https://inmatelocator.cdcr.ca.gov/default.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Cromelin2021">{{Cite news|last1=Cromelin|first1=Richard|last2=Wigglesworth|first2=Alex|last3=Winton|first3=Richard|date=January 17, 2021|title=Phil Spector, music producer convicted of murder, dies at 81 after contracting COVID-19|work=Los Angeles Times|department=Obituaries|url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-01-17/phil-spector-dead|access-date=January 17, 2021|quote=Before he was transferred to a hospital, Spector had been an inmate at the California Health Care Facility in Stockton}}</ref><ref name="Whitcomb2021">{{Cite news|last=Whitcomb|first=Dan|date=January 18, 2021|title=Phil Spector, music producer and convicted killer, dies after contracting COVID-19|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|url=https://amp.smh.com.au/world/north-america/phil-spector-music-producer-and-convicted-killer-dies-after-contracting-covid-19-20210118-p56uso.html|access-date=January 17, 2021}}</ref><ref name="Davies 2021">{{Cite news|last=Davies|first=Caroline|date=January 17, 2021|title=Phil Spector, pop producer convicted of murder, dies aged 81|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jan/17/phil-spector-pop-producer-convicted-of-dies-aged-81|access-date=January 17, 2021}}</ref> Spector's daughter Nicole attributed her father's death to complications of [[COVID-19]], with which he was diagnosed in December 2020.<ref name="Grimes2021" /> He would have been eligible for parole in 2024.<ref name="CDCR_inmate_locator"/> Some media outlets that reported on Spector's death were subject to controversy for reportedly downplaying his murder conviction. Examples given were the obituaries in ''The New York Times'' and ''Rolling Stone'', which originally stated, respectively, that Spector's legacy "was marred by a murder conviction" and that his "life was upended" after being sentenced. These obituaries were revised following a social media backlash.<ref name="Wood21">{{cite news |last1=Wood |first1=Mikael |title=Phil Spector and the damaging myth of male creative genius |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/music/story/2021-01-18/phil-spector-producer-abusive-male-genius |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=January 18, 2021}}</ref> ==In popular culture== * ''[[I Dream of Jeannie]]'' (1967, "Jeannie, the Hip Hippie" – season 3, episode 6): Phil Spector made a cameo as himself. Jeannie decides she wants to be a pop star and enlists Spector for help. Though referred to by the characters throughout the episode as "Phil Spector", the credit roll lists "Phil Spector as 'Steve Davis{{'"}}.<ref>{{Cite web|date=April 1, 2013|title=Phil Spector on 'I Dream of Jeannie' (with Boyce & Hart)|url=https://dangerousminds.net/comments/phil_spector_on_i_dream_of_jeannie_with_boyce_hart|access-date=January 17, 2021|website=DangerousMinds}}</ref> * ''[[Beyond the Valley of the Dolls]]'' (1970): The character of Ronnie "Z-Man" Barzell is based upon Spector, though neither [[Russ Meyer]] nor screenwriter [[Roger Ebert]] had met him.<ref>{{cite news|first=Roger|last=Ebert|author-link=Roger Ebert|url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/beyond-the-valley-of-the-dolls-1980|title=Beyond the Valley of the Dolls|newspaper=[[Chicago Tribune]]|date=January 1, 1970|access-date=February 13, 2020|via=rogerebert.com|archive-date=December 30, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181230054847/https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/beyond-the-valley-of-the-dolls-1980|url-status=live}}</ref> * ''[[Phantom of the Paradise]]'' (1974): The villainous character Swan (played by [[Paul Williams (songwriter)|Paul Williams]]) was supposedly inspired by Spector. A music producer and head of a record label, Swan was named "Spectre" in original drafts of the film's screenplay.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.swanarchives.org/Production.asp |title=Production |publisher=The Swan Archives |date=October 4, 1974 |access-date=October 28, 2011}}</ref> * ''[[What's Love Got to Do with It (1993 film)|What's Love Got to Do with It]]'' (1993): Spector is portrayed by Rob LaBelle.<ref>{{cite book|title=Fischer Film Almanach|first=Horst|last=Schäfer|publisher=Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag|year= 1994|page=339}}</ref> * ''[[Grace of My Heart]]'' (1996): The film contains many characters based upon 1960s musicians, writers and producers including the character Joel Milner played by [[John Turturro]] (based on Spector).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kermode |first=Mark |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2006/mar/23/features |title=John Turturro |work=The Guardian |date=March 23, 2006 |access-date=January 16, 2019 |archive-date=January 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190117070039/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2006/mar/23/features |url-status=live }}</ref> * In the [[docudrama]] ''And the Beat Goes On: The Sonny and Cher Story'', Phil Spector is portrayed by Christian Leffler. * ''[[Metalocalypse]]'' (2006–2013): The character Dick Knubbler is a parody of Spector, based on profession, appearance and record of assault.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Daly|first=Joe|date=March 28, 2020|title=The 10 best moments from Metalocalypse|url=https://www.loudersound.com/features/the-10-best-moments-from-metalocalypse-dethklok|access-date=January 17, 2021|website=Metal Hammer Magazine|language=en}}</ref> * ''A Reasonable Man'' (2009): Harv Stevens is reportedly based on Spector. The film examines his relationship with John Lennon.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.exclaim.ca/articles/generalarticlesynopsfullart.aspx?csid1=142&csid2=844&fid1=45525|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120729122313/http://www.exclaim.ca/articles/generalarticlesynopsfullart.aspx?csid1=142&csid2=844&fid1=45525|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 29, 2012|title=Article at Exclaim.com|work=Exclaim!|access-date=June 30, 2010}}</ref> * ''[[Phil Spector (film)|Phil Spector]]'' (2013): Spector is portrayed by [[Al Pacino]].<ref>{{Citation|title=Phil Spector (2013). Rotten Tomatoes|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/phil_spector|language=en|access-date=January 17, 2021}}</ref> * ''[[Love & Mercy (film)|Love & Mercy]]'' (2014): Spector is portrayed by [[Jonathan Slavin]]. However, his scene was cut from the theatrical release.<ref>{{Cite book|last=MacLeod|first=Sean|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iFoxDwAAQBAJ&q=love+&pg=PA158|title=Phil Spector: Sound of the Sixties|date=November 15, 2017|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-1-4422-6706-0|pages=158}}</ref> * He was also in ''[[Easy Rider]]'' as a drug dealer. * The song "Christmas Kids" by ROAR references Spector's relationship with Ronnie Spector, the two also appear on the cover of the EP. == Discography == {{Main|Phil Spector discography}} {{See also|Philles Records}} == Awards == Spector is one of a handful of producers to have number one records in three consecutive decades (1950s, 1960s and 1970s). Others in this group include [[Quincy Jones]] (1960s, 1970s, and 1980s), [[George Martin]] (1960s, 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s), [[Michael Omartian]] (1970s, 1980s and 1990s), [[Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis]] (1980s, 1990s, and 2000s), and [[Max Martin]] (1990s, 2000, 2010s, and 2020s).<ref name="bronson2003">Bronson, Fred (2003). ''Billboard's Hottest Hot 100 Hits''. Billboard Books (3rd ed.), pp. 106–28.</ref><ref>Whitburn, Joel (2013). ''Joel Whitburn's Top Pop Singles 1955–2012''. Record Research (14th ed.).</ref> ''' Awards and nominations ''' {| class=" wikitable plainrowheaders " style="table-layout: fixed; margin-right: 0; " |+ ! scope="col" |Year ! scope="col" |Nominee / work ! scope="col" |Award ! scope="col" |Result |- |1972 |[[George Harrison]] "[[My Sweet Lord]]" |[[Grammy Award for Record of the Year]]<ref name=":3"/> |{{nom}} |- |1972 |George Harrison ''[[All Things Must Pass]]'' |[[Grammy Award for Album of the Year]]<ref name=":3"/> |{{nom}} |- |1973 |George Harrison & Friends ''[[The Concert for Bangladesh (album)|The Concert for Bangladesh]]'' |Grammy Award for Album of the Year<ref>{{Cite web|date=December 2, 2014|title=GRAMMY Rewind: 15th Annual GRAMMY Awards|url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/news/grammy-rewind-15th-annual-grammy-awards|access-date=January 17, 2021|publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences|language=en}}</ref> |{{won}} |- |1989 |Phil Spector |[[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]]<ref name=":2"/> | style="background: #99FF99; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="yes table-yes2" |Inducted |- |1997 |Phil Spector |[[Songwriters Hall of Fame|Songwriter's Hall of Fame]]<ref name=":1"/> | style="background: #99FF99; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="yes table-yes2" |Inducted |- |2000 |Phil Spector |[[Grammy Trustees Award]]<ref name=":3"/> |{{won}} |} ''' Rankings ''' {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" !Publication !Country !Accolade !Year !Rank !Ref |- |- |- |''[[Rolling Stone]]'' |US |Greatest Artists of All Time |2004, updated 2011 |64 |<ref>{{Cite magazine|date=December 3, 2010|title=100 Greatest Artists (80-61)|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/100-greatest-artists-147446/elvis-costello-4-85334|access-date=January 17, 2021|magazine=Rolling Stone|language=en-US}}</ref> |- |''[[The Washington Times]]'' |US |Greatest Record Producers of All Time |2008 |2 |<ref>{{Cite web|date=July 4, 2008|title=Top 5: Knob-twiddlers|url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2008/jul/4/top-5-98304083/|access-date=January 17, 2021|website=The Washington Times|language=en-US}}</ref> |} == Notes == {{reflist|group=nb}} ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Bibliography== {{refbegin}} * {{cite book|first=Matthew|last=Bannister|title=White Boys, White Noise: Masculinities and 1980s Indie Guitar Rock|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4ckLKGTXRwQC&pg=PA38|year=2007|publisher=Ashgate Publishing|isbn=978-0-7546-8803-7}} * {{cite book|last=Brown|first=Mick|author-link=Mick Brown (journalist)|title=Tearing Down the Wall of Sound: The Rise and Fall of Phil Spector|year=2007|publisher=Bloomsbury|location=London|isbn=9781400042197|url=https://archive.org/details/tearingdownwallo0000brow/|url-access=registration}} * {{cite book|last=Doggett|first=Peter|author-link=Peter Doggett|title=You Never Give Me Your Money: The Beatles After the Breakup|publisher=It Books|location=New York, NY|year=2011|isbn=978-0-06-177418-8}} * {{cite book|last=Eisenberg|first=Evan|title=The Recording Angel: Music, Records and Culture from Aristotle to Zappa|url=https://archive.org/details/recordingangel00evan|url-access=registration|year=2005|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-09904-1}} * {{cite book|last=Frontani|first=Michael|chapter=The Solo Years|editor-last=Womack |editor-first=Kenneth|year=2009|title=The Cambridge Companion to the Beatles|location=Cambridge, UK|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-68976-2}} * {{cite book|first=Steve|last=Hamelman|chapter=On Their Way Home: The Beatles in 1969 and 1970|editor-last=Womack|editor-first=Kenneth|year=2009|title=The Cambridge Companion to the Beatles|location=Cambridge, UK|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-68976-2}} * {{cite book|last1=Madinger|first1=Chip|last2=Easter|first2=Mark|title=Eight Arms to Hold You: The Solo Beatles Compendium|publisher=44.1 Productions|location=Chesterfield, MO|year=2000|isbn=0-615-11724-4}} * {{cite book|first=Mark|last=Ribowsky|title=He's a Rebel: Phil Spector – Rock and Roll's Legendary Producer|url=https://archive.org/details/hesrebelphilspec0000ribo|publisher=Da Capo Press|location=Cambridge, MA|year=2006|isbn=978-0-306-81471-6|url-access=registration}} * {{cite book|last=Schaffner|first=Nicholas|author-link=Nicholas Schaffner|title=The Beatles Forever|publisher=McGraw-Hill|location=New York, NY|year=1978|isbn=0-07-055087-5|url=https://archive.org/details/beatlesforever00scha}} * {{cite book|last=Spizer|first=Bruce|author-link=Bruce Spizer|title=The Beatles Solo on Apple Records|publisher=498 Productions|location=New Orleans, LA|year=2005|isbn=0-9662649-5-9}} * {{cite book |last1=Sumrall |first1=Harry |title=Pioneers of Rock and Roll: 100 Artists Who Changed the Face of Rock |date=1994 |publisher=Billboard Books |location=New York |isbn=0823076288 |url=https://archive.org/details/pioneersofrockro0000sumr/page/250/ |url-access=registration}} * {{cite book |last=Thompson |first=Dave |author-link=Dave Thompson (author) |title=Wall of Pain: The Biography of Phil Spector |year=2004 |edition=Paperback |publisher=Sanctuary|location=London|isbn=978-1-86074-543-0 |url=https://archive.org/details/wallofpainbiogra0000thom |url-access=registration}} * {{cite book |last1=Thompson |first1=Dave |author1-link=Dave Thompson (author) |title=Wall of Pain: The Life of Phil Spector |date=2005 |publisher=Sanctuary |location=London |isbn=9781860746451 |edition=New |url=https://archive.org/details/wallofpainlifeof0000thom/ |url-access=registration}} * {{cite book |last=Williams|first=Richard |author-link=Richard Williams (journalist) |title=Phil Spector: Out of His Head |edition=Paperback |publisher=Omnibus Press |location=London|year=2003 |isbn=978-0-71199-864-3 }} {{refend}} ==Further reading== * [[James Robert Baker|Baker, James Robert]]. ''Fuel-Injected Dreams'' New York: [[E.P. Dutton]] {{ISBN|0-452-25815-4}}; novel whose central character is reportedly based on Spector * Emerson, Ken. ''Always Magic in the Air: The Bomp and Brilliance of the Brill Building Era'' New York: [[Viking Press]] {{ISBN|0-670-03456-8}} * [[Tom Wolfe|Wolfe, Tom]]. "The First Tycoon of Teen"{{snd}}magazine article reprinted in Wolfe, ''[[The Kandy-Kolored Tangerine-Flake Streamline Baby]]'', {{ISBN|0-553-38058-3}}; and in ''[[Back to Mono]]'' liner notes ==External links== {{commonscat}} {{wikiquote}} * {{allmusic}} * {{Discogs artist}} * {{IMDb name|id=0817489}} * {{IMDb title | 1518821| The Agony and the Ecstasy of Phil Spector}} *[http://www.spectropop.com/PPS/index.htm Please Phil Spector], artists that have included references to Spector in their own works {{Phil Spector}} {{The Ronettes}} {{The Wrecking Crew}} {{1989 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Spector, Phil}} [[Category:Phil Spector| ]] [[Category:1939 births]] [[Category:2021 deaths]] [[Category:21st-century American criminals]] [[Category:Age controversies]] [[Category:American businesspeople convicted of crimes]] [[Category:American entertainment industry businesspeople]] [[Category:American male criminals]] [[Category:American people convicted of murder]] [[Category:American people of Russian-Jewish descent]] [[Category:American people who died in prison custody]] [[Category:Apple Records]] [[Category:Criminals from Los Angeles]] [[Category:Criminals from New York City]] [[Category:Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in California]] [[Category:Domestic violence in the United States]] [[Category:Fairfax High School (Los Angeles) alumni]] [[Category:Grammy Award winners]] [[Category:Jewish American songwriters]] [[Category:Male murderers]] [[Category:Musicians from the Bronx]] [[Category:People convicted of murder by California]] [[Category:People from Alhambra, California]] [[Category:People with bipolar disorder]] [[Category:Plastic Ono Band members]] [[Category:Record producers from California]] [[Category:Record producers from New York (state)]] [[Category:Songwriters from New York (state)]] [[Category:The Wrecking Crew (music) members]] [[Category:Prisoners who died in California detention]] [[Category:The Teddy Bears members]] [[Category:Prisoners who died from COVID-19]]'
New page wikitext, after the edit (new_wikitext)
'{{short description|American record producer (1940–2021)}} {{pp-move-indef}} {{Use mdy dates|date=January 2022}} '''Harvey Phillip Spector''' (December 26, 1939{{spnd}}January 16, 2021) was an American record producer and songwriter<!--- Do not add "convicted murderer" without talk page consensus. --->, best known for his innovative recording practices and entrepreneurship in the 1960s, followed decades later by his [[Murder of Lana Clarkson|two trials and conviction for murder]] in the 2000s. Spector developed the [[Wall of Sound]], a production style that is characterized for its diffusion of [[tone color]]s and dense orchestral sound, which he described as a "[[Richard Wagner|Wagnerian]]" approach to [[rock and roll]]. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in [[pop music]] history<ref name="Wood21"/><ref name="April 13, 2009">{{cite web|last=Spillius|first=Alex|title=Phil Spector guilty of murdering actress Lana Clarkson|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/phil-spector/5150524/Phil-Spector-guilty-of-murdering-actress-Lana-Clarkson.html|website=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|access-date=April 2, 2018|archive-date=February 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180211223611/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/phil-spector/5150524/Phil-Spector-guilty-of-murdering-actress-Lana-Clarkson.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and one of the most successful producers of the 1960s.{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=1}}<ref name="WallofSilence"/> Born in [[the Bronx]], Spector moved to Los Angeles as a teenager and began his career in 1958 as a founding member of [[the Teddy Bears]], for whom he penned "[[To Know Him Is to Love Him]]", a U.S. number-one hit. In 1960, after working as an apprentice to [[Leiber and Stoller]], Spector co-founded [[Philles Records]], and at the age of 21 became the youngest ever U.S. label owner to that point.<ref name="Brown03">{{cite web |last=Brown |first=Mick |title=Pop's lost genius |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandjazzmusic/3589445/Pops-lost-genius.html |website=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=February 4, 2003 |access-date=September 10, 2018 |archive-date=September 10, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180910204050/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandjazzmusic/3589445/Pops-lost-genius.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Dubbed the "[[Honorific nicknames in popular music|First Tycoon of Teen]]",{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=5}}<ref>{{cite news |last=Wolfe |first=Tom |author-link=Tom Wolfe |title=First Tycoon of Teen |work=New York Magazine, published as a supplement to the New York Herald Tribune |date=January 3, 1965}} (This appears in the microfilm edition of the ''Herald Tribune'' but apparently not in the online database)</ref> Spector came to be considered the first [[auteur]] of the music industry for the unprecedented control he had over every phase of the recording process.{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=23}} He produced acts such as [[the Ronettes]], [[the Crystals]], and [[Ike & Tina Turner]], and typically collaborated with arranger [[Jack Nitzsche]] and engineer [[Larry Levine]]. The musicians from his ''de facto'' [[house band]], later known as "[[the Wrecking Crew (music)|the Wrecking Crew]]", rose to industry fame through his hit records. In the early 1970s, Spector produced [[the Beatles]]' ''[[Let It Be (Beatles album)|Let It Be]]'' and several solo records by [[John Lennon]] and [[George Harrison]]. By the mid-1970s Spector had produced eighteen U.S. Top 10 singles for various artists. His chart-toppers included [[the Righteous Brothers]]' "[[You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin']]", the Beatles' "[[The Long and Winding Road]]", and Harrison's "[[My Sweet Lord]]". Following one-off productions for [[Leonard Cohen]] (''[[Death of a Ladies' Man (album)|Death of a Ladies' Man]]''), [[Dion DiMucci]] (''[[Born to Be with You (album)|Born to Be with You]]''), and the [[Ramones]] (''[[End of the Century]]''), Spector remained largely inactive amid a lifestyle of seclusion, drug use, and increasingly erratic behavior.<ref name="WallofSilence">{{cite web |last=Sevigny |first=Catherine |title=Wall of silence |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2007/may/06/biography.features |website=[[The Guardian]] |date=May 5, 2007 |access-date=January 24, 2019 |archive-date=January 24, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190124203719/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2007/may/06/biography.features |url-status=live}}</ref> Spector helped establish the role of the [[Recording studio as an instrument|studio as an instrument]],{{sfn|Bannister|2007|p=38}} the integration of [[pop art]] aesthetics into music ([[art pop]]),<ref name="Holden">{{cite news|last=Holden|first=Stephen|author-link=Stephen Holden|date=February 28, 1999|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/02/28/arts/music-they-re-recording-but-are-they-artists.html|title=Music; They're Recording, but Are They Artists?|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=July 17, 2013|archive-date=November 30, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130144527/http://www.nytimes.com/1999/02/28/arts/music-they-re-recording-but-are-they-artists.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and the genres of [[art rock]]{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=25}} and [[dream pop]].<ref name="class">{{cite book|last=Wiseman-Trowse|first=Nathan|title=Performing Class in British Popular Music|date=September 30, 2008|publisher=Springer|pages=148–154|isbn=9780230594975|url=https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=egeMDAAAQBAJ&rdid=book-egeMDAAAQBAJ&rdot=1&source=gbs_vpt_read}}</ref> His honors include the 1973 [[Grammy Award for Album of the Year]] for co-producing Harrison's ''[[The Concert for Bangladesh (album)|Concert for Bangladesh]]'', a 1989 induction into the [[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]], and a 1997 induction into the [[Songwriters Hall of Fame]].<ref name=":1">{{cite web|title=Phil Spector|url=https://www.songhall.org/profile/Phil_Spector|access-date=January 19, 2021|website=Songwriters Hall of Fame}}</ref> In 2004, Spector was ranked number 63 on ''[[Rolling Stone]]''{{'}}s list of the [[Rolling Stone's 100 Greatest Artists of All Time|greatest artists in history]].<ref>See: * {{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/5939214/the_immortals_the_first_fifty|title=100 Greatest Artists of All Time|magazine=Rolling Stone|access-date=June 30, 2010|archive-date=August 19, 2011|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/613BoR3H3?url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-greatest-artists-of-all-time-19691231|url-status=dead}} * {{cite magazine|title=The Immortals: Phil Spector|issue=946|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/7248223/the_immortals__the_greatest_artists_of_all_time_63_phil_spector|access-date=September 8, 2017|archive-date=May 18, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090518045041/http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/7248223/the_immortals__the_greatest_artists_of_all_time_63_phil_spector|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 2009, after two decades in semi-retirement,<ref>{{cite web|last1=Unterberger|first1=Richie|author-link1=Richie Unterberger|title=Phil Spector|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/phil-spector-mn0000694967/biography|publisher=[[AllMusic]]|access-date=April 21, 2020|archive-date=May 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200502161944/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/phil-spector-mn0000694967/biography|url-status=live}}</ref> he was convicted of the 2003 murder of actress [[Lana Clarkson]] and sentenced to 19 years to life in prison. He died in prison in 2021. ==Biography== ===1939–1959: Background and the Teddy Bears=== Harvey {{not a typo|Philip}} Spector was born on December 26, 1939.{{sfn|Thompson|2004|p=10}}{{refn|group=nb|Some sources erroneously cite 1940 as his year of birth.{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=14}}}} He later added a second "l" to his middle name, which he preferred over "Harvey".{{sfn|Brown|2007|pp=14, 19}} His parents were Benjamin (1903–1949)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.geni.com/people/Benjamin-Spector/6000000072179214151 | title=Benjamin Spector}}</ref> and Bertha (1911–1995)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.geni.com/people/Bertha-Spector/6000000001824107130 | title=Bertha Spector}}</ref> Spector, a first-generation immigrant [[Russian-Jewish]] family in [[the Bronx]], New York City.{{sfn|Brown|2007|pp=12–14}}{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=27}} Bertha had been born in France to Russian migrants George and Clara Spektor, who brought her to America in 1911 aged 9 months,{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=14}} while Benjamin was born as Baruch (later changed to Benjamin) in the [[Russian Empire]] to George and Bessie Spektus or Spektres, and brought to America by his parents in 1913 aged 10.{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=13}} Both families [[anglicized]] their last names to "Spector" on their [[Naturalization Act of 1906|naturalization papers]], both of which were witnessed by the same man, Isidore Spector.{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=14}} The similarities in name and background of the grandfathers led Spector to believe that his parents were first cousins. He had a sister named Shirley, who was six years his senior; she died in 2004 in [[Hemet, California]], at the age of 70.{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=12}} [[File:Phil Spector Fairfax.jpg|thumb|upright|left|Spector's [[Fairfax High School (Los Angeles)|Fairfax High School]] yearbook photo 1957]] In April 1949, Spector's father, who was deeply in debt, committed suicide; on his gravestone were inscribed the words "Ben Spector. Father. Husband. To Know Him Was To Love Him".{{sfn|Thompson|2004|p=12}}{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=17}} In 1953, Spector's mother moved the family to Los Angeles where she found work as a seamstress.{{sfn|Thompson|2004|p=13}} Spector attended John Burroughs Junior High School (now John Burroughs Middle School) on Wilshire Boulevard, then in 1954 attended [[Fairfax High School (Los Angeles)|Fairfax High School]].{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=19}} Having learned to play guitar, Spector performed "[[Rock Island Line]]" in a talent show at Fairfax High.{{sfn|Thompson|2005|p=28}} He joined a loose-knit community of aspiring musicians, including [[Lou Adler]], [[Bruce Johnston]], [[Steve Douglas (saxophonist)|Steve Douglas]], and [[Sandy Nelson]].<ref name="virgin">{{cite book|last=Larkin|first=Colin|title=The Virgin Encyclopedia of Popular Music|publisher=[[Virgin Publishing]]|date= 2002|isbn=1-85227-923-0}}</ref> Spector formed a group, [[the Teddy Bears]], with Nelson and three other friends, [[Marshall Leib]], Harvey Goldstein and [[Carol Connors (singer)|Annette Kleinbard]].{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=37}}{{sfn|Thompson|2004|p=26}} During this period, record producer Stan Ross—co-owner of [[Gold Star Studios]] in [[Hollywood, Los Angeles|Hollywood]]—began to tutor Spector in record production and exerted a major influence on Spector's production style. In 1958, the Teddy Bears recorded the Spector-penned "[[Don't You Worry My Little Pet]]", and then signed a two to three singles recording deal with [[Era Records]], with the promise of more if the singles did well.{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=37}}{{sfn|Thompson|2004|p=26}} At their next session, they recorded another song Spector had written—this one inspired by the [[epitaph]] on Spector's father's tombstone. Released on [[Era Records|Era's]] subsidiary label, Dore Records, "[[To Know Him Is to Love Him]]" reached number one on ''[[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]]'' singles chart on December 1, 1958, selling over a million copies by year's end.<ref name=bronson1992-46/> Following the success of their debut, the group signed with [[Imperial Records]].{{sfn|Brown|2007|pp=44, 48}} Their next single, "I Don't Need You Anymore", reached number 91. They released several more recordings, including an album, ''The Teddy Bears Sing!'', but failed to reach the top 100 in US sales. The group disbanded in 1959.<ref name=bronson1992-46>Fred Bronson, ''The Billboard Book of Number One Hits'', Billboard Publications, 1992, p. 46</ref> === 1959–1962: Early production work, Philles Records, and the Crystals === While recording the Teddy Bears' album, Spector met [[Lester Sill]], a former promotion man who was a mentor to [[Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller]].{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=55}} Sill and his partner, [[Lee Hazlewood]] supported Spector's next project, the Spectors Three.{{cn|date=April 2022}} In 1960, Sill arranged for Spector to work as an apprentice to Leiber and Stoller in New York.{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=55}} Spector co-wrote the [[Ben E. King]] Top 10 hit "[[Spanish Harlem (song)|Spanish Harlem]]" with Leiber and also worked as a session musician, playing the guitar solo on [[the Drifters]]' song "[[On Broadway (song)|On Broadway]]".{{sfn|Thompson|2005|pp=58, 98}} Spector's first true recording artist and project as producer was Ronnie Crawford.{{cn|date=April 2022}} Spector's production work during this time included releases by [[LaVern Baker]], [[Ruth Brown]], and Billy Storm, as well as the Top Notes' original recording of "[[Twist and Shout]]".{{sfn|Ribowsky|2006|pp=86–88}} Leiber and Stoller recommended Spector to produce [[Ray Peterson]]'s "[[Corrine, Corrina]]", which reached number 9 in January 1961. Later, he produced another major hit for [[Curtis Lee]], "Pretty Little Angel Eyes", which made it to number 7. Returning to Hollywood, Spector agreed to produce one of Sill's acts. After both [[Liberty Records]] and [[Capitol Records]] turned down the master of "Be My Boy" by [[the Paris Sisters]], Sill formed a new label, [[Gregmark Records]], with [[Lee Hazlewood]], and released it. It reached only number 56, but the follow-up, "[[I Love How You Love Me]]", was a hit, reaching number 5.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits: Eighth Edition|first=Joel|last=Whitburn|author-link=Joel Whitburn|year=2004|publisher=Record Research|page=480}}</ref> In late 1961, Spector formed a record company with Sill, who by this time had ended his business partnership with Hazlewood. [[Philles Records]] combined the first names of its two founders.{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=86}} Through Hill and Range Publishers, Spector found three groups he wanted to produce: the Ducanes, the Creations, and [[the Crystals]]. The first two signed with other companies, but Spector managed to secure the Crystals for his new label. Their first single, "[[There's No Other (Like My Baby)]]" was a success, hitting number 20. Their next release, "Uptown", made it to number 13.<ref name=Whitburn>''Joel Whitburn's Top Pop Singles 1955–1990'' - {{ISBN|0-89820-089-X}}</ref> Spector continued to work freelance with other artists. In 1962, he produced "Second Hand Love" by [[Connie Francis]], which reached No. 7.{{sfn|Thompson|2005|p=79}} [[Ahmet Ertegun]] of Atlantic paired Spector with future [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] star [[Jean DuShon]] for "Talk to Me", the [[A-side and B-side|B-side]] of which was "Tired of Trying", written by DuShon.{{citation needed|date=October 2015}} === 1962–1965: Bob B. Soxx & the Blue Jeans, the Ronettes, and the Righteous Brothers === In 1962, Spector briefly took a job as an [[A&R]] producer for Liberty Records.<ref>{{Cite magazine|date=March 17, 1962|title=Spector Named To A&R Post At Liberty|url=https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1962/CB-1962-03-17.pdf|magazine=Cash Box|pages=27|access-date=May 14, 2020|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062543/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1962/CB-1962-03-17.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> It was while working at Liberty that he heard a song written by [[Gene Pitney]], for whom he had produced a number 41 hit, "Every Breath I Take", a year earlier. "[[He's a Rebel]]" was due to be released on Liberty by [[Vikki Carr]], but Spector rushed into Gold Star Studios and recorded a cover version using [[Darlene Love]] and the Blossoms on lead vocals. The record was released on Philles, attributed to the Crystals, and quickly rose to the top of the charts. [[File:The Ronettes 1966.JPG|thumb|[[The Ronettes]], 1966. Spector married frontwoman [[Ronnie Spector|Veronica Bennett]] (known as Ronnie, center) in 1968.]] By the time "He's a Rebel" went to number 1, Lester Sill was out of the company, and Spector had Philles all to himself. He created a new act, [[Bob B. Soxx & the Blue Jeans]], featuring Darlene Love, Fanita James (a member of the Blossoms), and Bobby Sheen, a singer he had worked with at Liberty. The group had hits with "[[Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah]]" (number 8), "[[Why Do Lovers Break Each Other's Heart]]" (number 38), and "[[Not Too Young to Get Married]]" (number 63). Spector also released solo material by Darlene Love in 1963. In the same year, he released "[[Be My Baby]]" by [[the Ronettes]], which went to number 2. The first time Spector put the same amount of effort into an LP as he did into [[Gramophone record|45s]] was when he utilized the full Philles roster and the Wrecking Crew to make what he felt would become a hit for the 1963 Christmas season. ''[[A Christmas Gift for You from Philles Records]]'' was released a few days after the [[John F. Kennedy assassination|assassination of President Kennedy]] in November 1963.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gS8UAQAAIAAJ|title=Be My Baby, How I Survived Mascara, Miniskirts, and Madness or My Life as a Fabulous Ronette|first=Ronnie|last=Spector|publisher=Harmony Books|date=1990|isbn=978-0517574997|access-date=September 26, 2020|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062717/https://books.google.com/books?id=gS8UAQAAIAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref> On September 28, 1963, the Ronettes appeared at the [[Cow Palace]], near San Francisco. Also on the bill were the [[The Righteous Brothers|Righteous Brothers]]. Spector, who was conducting the band for all the acts, was so impressed with [[Bill Medley]] and [[Bobby Hatfield]] that he bought their contract from [[Moonglow Records]] and signed them to Philles. In early 1965, "[[You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin']]" became the label's second number 1 single. Three more major hits with the duo followed: "[[Just Once in My Life]]" (number 9), "[[Unchained Melody]]" (number 4, originally the B-side of "Hung on You"), and "[[Ebb Tide (song)|Ebb Tide]]" (number 5). Despite having hits, he lost interest in producing the Righteous Brothers and sold their contract and all their master recordings to [[Verve Records]]. However, the sound of the Righteous Brothers' singles was so distinctive that the act chose to replicate it after leaving Spector, notching a second number 1 hit in 1966 with the [[Bill Medley]]–produced "[[(You're My) Soul and Inspiration]]".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://billboardtop100of.com/1966-2/ |title=1966 |work=billboard Top 100 |access-date=April 16, 2020 |archive-date=January 10, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170110025934/http://billboardtop100of.com/1966-2/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[File:Phil Spector.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.7|Spector, 1965]] During this period, Spector formed another subsidiary label, [[Phi-Dan Records]], partly created to keep [[Promoter (entertainment)|promoter]] Danny Davis occupied. The label released singles by artists including [[Betty Willis (singer)|Betty Willis]], [[the Lovelites]], and [[the Ikettes]]. None of the recordings on Phi-Dan were produced by Spector.{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=184}} The recording of "[[Unchained Melody]]", credited on some releases as a Spector production although Medley has consistently said he produced it originally as an album track,<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UH_EOUR4tmkC&pg=PT450 |title=1001 Songs: You Must Hear Before You Die |first=Robert |last=Dimery |publisher=Cassell Illustrated |date= 2011 |isbn=978-1844037179 |access-date=December 17, 2015 |archive-date=January 25, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125230452/https://books.google.com/books?id=UH_EOUR4tmkC&pg=PT450 |url-status=live }}</ref> had a second wave of popularity 25 years after its initial release, when it was featured prominently in the 1990 hit movie ''[[Ghost (1990 film)|Ghost]]''. A re-release of the single re-charted on the ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' [[Billboard Hot 100|Hot 100]], and went to number one on the [[Hot Adult Top 40 Tracks|Adult Contemporary charts]]. This also put Spector back on the U.S. Top 40 charts for the first time since his last appearance in 1971 with [[John Lennon]]'s "[[Imagine (John Lennon song)|Imagine]]", though he did have UK top 40 hits in the interim with the [[Ramones]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zzmtDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT177|page=177|title=Punk Rock Blitzkrieg – My Life As A Ramone|first=Marky|last=Ramone|author-link=Marky Ramone|publisher=Kings Road Publishing|date=2017|isbn=978-1786068170|access-date=September 26, 2020|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062803/https://books.google.com/books?id=zzmtDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT177|url-status=live}}</ref> === 1966–1969: Ike & Tina Turner and hiatus === [[File:Phil Spector with MFQ 1965.png|thumb|right|Spector with [[Modern Folk Quartet]], for whom he produced "[[This Could Be the Night (1966 song)|This Could Be the Night]]" in 1966]] Spector's final signing to Philles was the husband-and-wife team of [[Ike & Tina Turner]] in April 1966.<ref>{{Cite magazine|date=April 23, 1966|title=Philips Signs Ike & Tina Turner|url=https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1966/CB-1966-04-23.pdf|magazine=Cash Box|pages=45|access-date=May 27, 2020|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062722/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1966/CB-1966-04-23.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine|date=April 30, 1966|title=Ike & Tina to Philles|url=https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1966/CB-1966-04-30.pdf|magazine=Cash Box|pages=56|access-date=May 27, 2020|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062549/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1966/CB-1966-04-30.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Spector considered their single "[[River Deep – Mountain High]]" his best work,<ref name=pc21>{{Gilliland|url=https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc19772/m1|title=Show 21 – Forty Miles of Bad Road: Some of the best from rock 'n' roll's dark ages. Part 2&#93;: UNT Digital Library|access-date=October 28, 2011}}</ref> but it failed to reach any higher than number 88 in the United States. The record, which actually featured [[Tina Turner]] without [[Ike Turner]], was successful in Britain, reaching number 3. Spector released another single by Ike & Tina Turner, "[[I'll Never Need More Than This]]", while negotiating a deal to move Philles to [[A&M Records]] in 1967.<ref>{{Cite magazine|date=May 27, 1967|title=Negotiations Continue For Spector Deal With A&M|url=https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1967/CB-1967-05-27.pdf|magazine=Cash Box|pages=7|access-date=May 11, 2020|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062549/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1967/CB-1967-05-27.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The deal did not materialize,<ref>{{Cite magazine|date=June 3, 1967|title=Spector, A&M Deal|url=https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1967/CB-1967-06-03.pdf|magazine=Cash Box|pages=7|access-date=May 11, 2020|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062730/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1967/CB-1967-06-03.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> and Spector subsequently lost enthusiasm for his label and the recording industry. Already something of a [[recluse]], he withdrew temporarily from the public eye, marrying [[Ronnie Spector|Veronica "Ronnie" Bennett]], lead singer of the Ronettes, in 1968. Spector emerged briefly for a cameo as himself in an episode of ''[[I Dream of Jeannie]]'' (1967) and as a drug dealer in the film ''[[Easy Rider]]'' (1969).{{sfn|Williams|2003|pp=128–137}} In 1969, Spector made a brief return to the music business by signing a production deal with [[A&M Records]]. A Ronettes single, "You Came, You Saw, You Conquered" flopped, but Spector returned to the Hot 100 with "[[Black Pearl (Checkmates, Ltd. song)|Black Pearl]]", by [[Sonny Charles]] and the [[Checkmates, Ltd.]], which reached number 13.<ref name="Thompson2010a">{{cite book|author=Dave Thompson|title=Phil Spector: Wall Of Pain|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=P9WKBHCxRocC&pg=PT268|date= 2010|publisher=Omnibus Press|isbn=978-0-85712-216-2|pages=268–}}</ref> === 1970–1973: Comeback and Beatles collaborations === In early 1970, [[Allen Klein]], the new manager of [[the Beatles]], brought Spector to England.{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|p=137}} After impressing with his production of [[John Lennon]]'s solo single "[[Instant Karma!]]", which went to number 3,{{sfn|Ribowsky|2006|p=252}} Spector was invited by Lennon and [[George Harrison]] to take on the task of turning the Beatles' abandoned ''[[Let It Be (Beatles album)|Let It Be]]'' recording sessions into a usable album.{{sfn|Hamelman|2009|pp=136–37}} He went to work using many of his production techniques, making significant changes to the arrangements and sound of some songs.<ref name="kreps">{{cite magazine|last1=Kreps|first1=Daniel|title='Let It Be' 40 Years Later: A Look Back at the Beatles' Final LP|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/let-it-be-40-years-later-a-look-back-at-the-beatles-final-lp-20100507|magazine=Rolling Stone|access-date=April 5, 2017|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170405170941/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/let-it-be-40-years-later-a-look-back-at-the-beatles-final-lp-20100507|archive-date=April 5, 2017}}</ref> Released a month after the Beatles' break-up, the album topped the U.S. and UK charts. It also yielded the number 1 U.S. single "[[The Long and Winding Road]]".{{sfn|Brown|2007|pp=254–55}} Spector's overdubbing of "The Long and Winding Road" infuriated its composer, [[Paul McCartney]].<ref name="kreps"/> Several music critics also maligned Spector's work on ''Let It Be''; he later attributed this partly to resentment that an American producer appeared to be "taking over" such a popular English band.{{sfn|Brown|2007|pp=254–55}} Lennon defended Spector, telling [[Jann Wenner]] of ''[[Rolling Stone]]'': "he was given the shittiest load of badly recorded shit, with a lousy feeling toward it, ever. And he made something out of it. He did a great job."<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Wenner|first1=Jann S.|title=Lennon Remembers, Part One|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/lennon-remembers-part-one-186693/ |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 21, 1971|access-date=April 18, 2020}}</ref> [[File:George Harrison-What Is Life+Apple Scruffs.png|thumb|right|upright=0.7|Trade ad for [[George Harrison]]'s "[[What Is Life]]" single]] For Harrison's multiplatinum album ''[[All Things Must Pass]]'' (number 1, 1970), Spector helped provide a symphonic ambience,<ref>{{cite magazine|first=David|last=Cavanagh|title=George Harrison: The Dark Horse|magazine=[[Uncut (magazine)|Uncut]]|date=August 2008|page=41}}</ref> although his health issues meant that after recording the basic tracks, he was absent from the project until the mixing stage.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=427}} ''Rolling Stone''{{'}}s reviewer lauded the album's sound, calling it "[[Richard Wagner|Wagnerian]], [[Anton Bruckner|Brucknerian]], the music of mountain tops and vast horizons".{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|p=142}} The triple LP yielded two major hits:{{sfn|Frontani|2009|pp=157–58}} "[[My Sweet Lord]]" (number 1) and "[[What Is Life]]" (number 10). That same year, Spector co-produced Lennon's ''[[John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band|Plastic Ono Band]]'' (number 6), a stark-sounding album devoid of any Wall of Sound extravagance.{{sfn|Ribowsky|2006|p=256}} Through Harrison, he also produced the debut single by [[Derek and the Dominos]], "[[Tell the Truth (song)|Tell the Truth]]", but the band disliked the sound and had the record withdrawn.{{sfn|Ribowsky|2006|p=257}} Spector was made head of A&R for [[Apple Records]].{{sfn|Ribowsky|2006|p=256}} He held the post for only a year, during which he co-produced Lennon's 1971 single "[[Power to the People (song)|Power to the People]]" (number 11) and his chart-topping album ''[[Imagine (John Lennon album)|Imagine]]''. The album's [[Imagine (John Lennon song)|title track]] hit number 3. With Harrison, Spector co-produced Harrison's "[[Bangla Desh (song)|Bangla Desh]]" (number 23)—rock's first [[charity single]]{{sfn|Frontani|2009|pp=158–59}}—and wife Ronnie Spector's "[[Try Some, Buy Some]]" (number 77).{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=342}} The latter was recorded for Ronnie's intended solo album on Apple Records, a project that stalled due to the same erratic, alcohol-fueled behavior from Spector that had hindered work on ''All Things Must Pass''.{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=342}}{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|pp=427, 434}} Spector was convinced that the Harrison-written single would be a major hit,{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=162}} and its poor commercial performance was one of the biggest disappointments of his career.{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|p=160}}{{refn|group=nb|Spector also co-produced, with Lennon and [[Yoko Ono]], the Elastic Oz Band's "God Save Us",{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|pp=44–45}} a single protesting the jailing of ''[[Oz (magazine)|Oz]]'' magazine's editors on obscenity charges.{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=49}}}} [[File:John Lennon Imagine 1971.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.7|1971 ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' ad for [[John Lennon]]'s album ''[[Imagine (John Lennon album)|Imagine]]'']] That same year Spector oversaw the live recording of the Harrison-organized [[Concert for Bangladesh]] shows in New York City, which resulted in the number 1 triple album ''[[The Concert for Bangladesh (album)|The Concert for Bangladesh]]''.{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=163}} The album won the "Album of the Year" award at the 1973 [[Grammy Awards|Grammys]]. Despite being recorded live, Spector used up to 44 microphones simultaneously to create his trademark Wall of Sound.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LDLhgzA930UC&pg=PT108|page=108|title=The Beatles Diary Volume 2: After The Break-Up 1970–2001|first=Keith|last=Badman|publisher=Omnibus Press|date=2009|isbn=978-0857120014|access-date=September 26, 2020|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062614/https://books.google.com/books?id=LDLhgzA930UC&pg=PT108|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://aln2.albumlinernotes.com/Concert_For_Bangladesh.html|work=albumlinernotes.com|title=Concert For Bangladesh|access-date=April 16, 2020|archive-date=March 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304022532/http://aln2.albumlinernotes.com/Concert_For_Bangladesh.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Following Harrison's death in 2001, Spector said that the most creative period of his career was when he worked with Lennon and Harrison in the early 1970s, and he believed that this was true of Lennon and Harrison also, despite their achievements with the Beatles.<ref name="Kubernik/MusicConnection">{{cite magazine|first=Harvey|last=Kubernik|url=https://www.musicconnection.com/kubernik-george-harrison-all-things-must-pass-50th-anniversary/|title=George Harrison 'All Things Must Pass' 50th Anniversary|magazine=[[Music Connection]]|date=November 10, 2020|access-date=January 18, 2021}}.</ref> Lennon retained Spector for the 1971 Christmas single "[[Happy Xmas (War Is Over)]]" and the poorly reviewed 1972 album ''[[Some Time in New York City]]'' (number 48), both collaborations with [[Yoko Ono]]. In late 1972, Apple reissued Spector's ''A Christmas Gift for You from Philles Records'' (as ''Phil Spector's Christmas Album''),{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=342}} bringing the recordings the commercial success and critical recognition that had originally eluded the 1963 release.{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=166}} Lennon and Ono's "Happy Xmas" single similarly stalled in sales upon its initial release, but later became a fixture on radio station playlists around Christmas.{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=62}} Harrison and Spector started work on Harrison's ''[[Living in the Material World]]'' album in October 1972, but Spector's unreliability soon led to Harrison dismissing him from the project.{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=254}} Harrison recalled having to climb down into Spector's central London hotel room from the roof to get him to attend the sessions, and that his co-producer would then need "eighteen cherry brandies before he could get himself down to the studio".<ref name="White/Musician">{{cite magazine|first=Timothy|last=White|title=George Harrison – Reconsidered|magazine=[[Musician (magazine)|Musician]]|date=November 1987|page=53}}</ref>{{refn|group=nb|In the same 1987 interview, Harrison said Spector's problems with alcohol and his frequent hospitalisation typified their collaborations from 1970 onward. He nevertheless described the producer as "brilliant ... one of the ''greatest''", adding, "he should be out there doing stuff right now—but not with me!"<ref name="White/Musician"/>}} In late 1973, Spector produced the initial recording sessions for what became Lennon's 1975 covers album ''[[Rock 'n' Roll (John Lennon album)|Rock 'n' Roll]]'' (number 6).{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|pp=175, 195}} The sessions were held in Los Angeles, with Lennon allowing Spector free rein as producer for the first time,{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|p=175}} but were characterized by substance abuse and chaotic arrangements.{{sfn|Doggett|2011|pp=210–11}} Amid the party atmosphere, Spector brandished his handguns and at one point fired a shot while Lennon was recording.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=90}}{{refn|group=nb|When asked about reports that Spector had fired his gun into the ceiling, Lennon said: "I don't like to tell tales out of school ... But I do know there was an awful loud noise in the toilet of the Record Plant West."{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=98}}}} In December, Lennon and Spector abandoned the collaboration.{{sfn|Madinger|Easter|2000|p=91}} Since the studio time had been booked by his production company, Spector withheld the tapes until June the following year, when Lennon reimbursed him through [[Capitol Records]].{{sfn|Spizer|2005|p=98}} === 1974–1980: Near-fatal accident, Warner-Spector Records, Leonard Cohen, and the Ramones === As the 1970s progressed, Spector became increasingly reclusive. The most probable and significant reason for his withdrawal, according to biographer [[Dave Thompson (author)|Dave Thompson]], was that in 1974 he was seriously injured when he was thrown through the windshield of his car in a crash in [[Hollywood, Los Angeles|Hollywood]].<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/phil-spector-dead-obit-67459/|title=Phil Spector|first1=Keith|last1=Harris|magazine=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=January 17, 2021}}</ref> Spector was almost killed, and it was only because the attending police officer detected a faint pulse that Spector was not declared dead at the scene. He was admitted to the [[UCLA Medical Center]] on the night of March 31, suffering serious head injuries that required several hours of surgery, with over 300 stitches to his face and more than 400 to the back of his head.<ref name=Leibovitz>{{cite web|last1=Leibovitz|first1=Liel|title=Wall of Crazy: Phil Spector and Leonard Cohen's incredible album, released 35 years ago, is a time capsule of American pop music|url=http://tabletmag.com/jewish-arts-and-culture/music/118825/wall-of-crazy|website=Tablet: A New Read on Jewish Life|publisher=Nextbook Inc.|access-date=March 12, 2015|date=December 11, 2012|archive-date=December 15, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215073849/http://tabletmag.com/jewish-arts-and-culture/music/118825/wall-of-crazy|url-status=dead}}</ref> His head injuries, Thompson suggests, were the reason that Spector began his habit of wearing outlandish [[wigs]] in later years.<ref name=Sqm>{{cite web|title=Phil Spector's Terrifying MugShot Is Horrible|url=http://squaremirror.com/news/phil-spectors-terrifying-mug-shot-is-horrible/|website=SquareMirror.com|access-date=March 12, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402162716/http://squaremirror.com/news/phil-spectors-terrifying-mug-shot-is-horrible/|archive-date=April 2, 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> He established the [[Warner-Spector Records|Warner-Spector]] label with [[Warner Bros. Records]], which undertook new Spector-produced recordings with [[Cher]], Darlene Love, Danny Potter, and Jerri Bo Keno, in addition to several reissues. A similar relationship with Britain's [[Polydor Records]] led to the formation of the Phil Spector International label in 1975. When the Cher and Keno singles (the latter's recordings were only issued in Germany) foundered on the charts, Spector released [[Dion DiMucci]]'s ''[[Born to Be with You (album)|Born to Be with You]]'' to little commercial fanfare in 1975; largely produced and recorded by Spector in 1974, it was subsequently disowned by the singer. In the 1990s and 2000s, the album enjoyed a resurgence among the [[indie rock]] cognoscenti.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/4721592/A-masterpiece-Was-it.html | location=London | work=The Daily Telegraph | first=Tom | last=Cox | title=A masterpiece? Was it? | date=February 10, 2001 | access-date=April 2, 2018 | archive-date=April 5, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180405160419/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/4721592/A-masterpiece-Was-it.html | url-status=live }}</ref> The majority of Spector's classic Philles recordings had been out of print in the U.S. since the original label's demise, although Spector had released several Philles Records compilations in Britain. Finally, he released an American compilation of his Philles recordings in 1977, which put most of the better-known Spector hits back into circulation after many years.{{Citation needed|date=January 2013}} Spector began to reemerge later in the decade, producing and co-writing a controversial 1977 album by [[Leonard Cohen]], titled ''[[Death of a Ladies' Man (album)|Death of a Ladies' Man]]''. This angered many devout Cohen fans who preferred his stark acoustic sound to the orchestral and choral wall of sound that the album contains. The recording was fraught with difficulty. After Cohen had laid down practice vocal tracks, Spector mixed the album in studio sessions, rather than allowing Cohen to take a role in the mixing, as Cohen had previously done.<ref name="Leibovitz"/> Cohen remarked that the result is "grotesque", but also "semi-virtuous"—for many years, he included a reworked version of the track "Memories" in live concerts. [[Bob Dylan]] and [[Allen Ginsberg]] also participated in the background vocals on "Don't Go Home with Your Hard-On".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.laweekly.com/music/leonard-cohens-prophecy-of-the-phil-spector-lana-clarkson-incident-death-of-a-ladies-man-2404836|title=Leonard Cohen's Prophecy of the Phil Spector/Lana Clarkson Incident: 'Death of a Ladies' Man'|first=Randall|last=Roberts|work=[[L.A. Weekly]]|date=April 10, 2009|access-date=July 16, 2015|archive-date=July 16, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150716120939/http://www.laweekly.com/music/leonard-cohens-prophecy-of-the-phil-spector-lana-clarkson-incident-death-of-a-ladies-man-2404836|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Ramones Toronto 1976.jpg|thumb|right|[[Ramones]] in 1977]] Spector also produced the much-publicized [[Ramones]] album ''[[End of the Century]]'' in 1979. As with his work with Leonard Cohen, ''End of the Century'' received criticism from Ramones fans who were angered over its radio-friendly sound. However, it contains some of the best known and most successful Ramones singles, such as "[[Rock 'n' Roll High School (song)|Rock 'n' Roll High School]]", "[[Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio?]]", and their cover of a previously released Spector song for the Ronettes, "[[Baby, I Love You]]".{{cn|date=April 2022}}{{refn|group=nb|The band still name-checked Spector in the song "It's Not My Place (in the 9 to 5 World)" on their next album, '[[Pleasant Dreams]]''.{{cn|date=April 2022}}}} Guitarist [[Johnny Ramone]] later commented on working with Spector on the recording of the album, "It really worked when he got to a slower song like "[[Danny Says]]"—the production really worked tremendously. For the harder stuff, it didn't work as well."<ref name=jrst>{{cite magazine|author=Devenish, Colin|title=Johnny Ramone Stays Tough: Ramones Guitarist Reflects on Dee Dee's Death and the Difficult Eighties|magazine=Rolling Stone|date=June 24, 2002|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/artists/theramones/articles/story/5934320/johnny_ramone_stays_tough|access-date=January 5, 2008|archive-date=March 1, 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090301032347/http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/theramones/articles/story/5934320/johnny_ramone_stays_tough|url-status=dead}}</ref> Rumors circulated for years that Spector had threatened members of the Ramones with a gun during the sessions. [[Dee Dee Ramone]] claimed that Spector once pulled a gun on him when he tried to leave a session.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/the-curse-of-the-ramones-20160519?page=8|title=The Curse of the Ramones|date=May 19, 2016|magazine=Rolling Stone|access-date=September 8, 2017|archive-date=April 19, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180419184029/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/the-curse-of-the-ramones-20160519?page=8|url-status=live}}</ref> Drummer [[Marky Ramone]] recalled in 2008, "They [guns] were there but he had a license to carry. He never held us hostage. We could have left at any time."<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nme.com/news/ramones/41403|title=Marky Ramone: 'Phil Spector didn't hold a gun to us'|work=NME|date=December 2, 2008|access-date=June 15, 2009|archive-date=March 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304070941/http://www.nme.com/news/ramones/41403|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.miaminewtimes.com/music/marky-ramone-talks-phil-spector-and-his-first-book-he-never-pointed-a-gun-at-us-7564148|title=Marky Ramone on Phil Spector: "He Never Pointed a Gun at Us" – Miami New Times|first=David|last=Minsky|work=Miami New Times|date=April 7, 2015|access-date=July 16, 2015|archive-date=July 17, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150717050034/http://www.miaminewtimes.com/music/marky-ramone-talks-phil-spector-and-his-first-book-he-never-pointed-a-gun-at-us-7564148|url-status=live}}</ref> ===1981–2003: Inactivity=== [[File:Phil Spector 2000.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Spector in 2000]] Spector remained inactive throughout most of the 1980s, 1990s, and early 2000s. In early 1981, shortly after the death of John Lennon, he temporarily re-emerged to co-produce [[Yoko Ono]]'s ''[[Season of Glass (album)|Season of Glass]].''<ref name="Helander2001">{{cite book|author=Brock Helander|title=The Rockin' 60s: The People Who Made the Music|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4mbHDgAAQBAJ&pg=PT659|date=January 1, 2001|publisher=Schirmer Trade Books|isbn=978-0-85712-811-9|pages=659–}}</ref> In 1989, Tina Turner inducted Spector into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a non-performer.<ref name=":2">{{Cite magazine|last1=Rogers|first1=Sheila|date=March 9, 1989|title=The 1989 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/the-1989-rock-and-roll-hall-of-fame-induction-ceremony-240606/|access-date=January 18, 2021|magazine=Rolling Stone|language=en-US}}</ref> ''[[Rolling Stone]]'' reported, "Spector hit the stage bopping madly to the strains of the Ronettes' "Be My Baby", flanked by three beefy bodyguards who practically elbowed Tina out of the way. He mumbled a few incoherent words about [[George H. W. Bush]] and the [[Inauguration of George H. W. Bush|presidential inauguration]], and then his bodyguards carried him away again."<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Fricke |first1=David |last2=Rogers |first2=Sheila |title=The 1989 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/the-1989-rock-and-roll-hall-of-fame-induction-ceremony-240606/ |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |date=March 9, 1989}}</ref> He was inducted into the [[Songwriters Hall of Fame]] in 1997 and he received the [[Grammy Trustees Award]] in 2000.<ref name=":1"/><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Phil Spector|url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/phil-spector/16081|website=Recording Academy Grammy Awards|date=November 23, 2020}}</ref> In 1994, Spector wrote a letter to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's nominating committee to oppose [[the Ronettes]] being considered for induction. He argued that the group was not a proper recording act and did not contribute enough to music to merit an induction.<ref name="blasts">{{cite web |title=Phil Spector blasts The Ronettes' Hall Of Fame induction |url=https://www.nme.com/news/music/the-ronettes-2-1350336 |website=[[NME]] |date=March 7, 2007}}</ref> The Ronettes were eventually inducted into the Hall, but not until 2007.<ref name="blasts"/> He attempted to work with [[Céline Dion]] on her album ''[[Falling into You]]'' but fell out with her production team.<ref name="ew.com">{{cite magazine|url=https://ew.com/article/2004/12/03/heres-celine-dions-1995-buried-treasure/|title=Here's Celine Dion's 1995 ''buried treasure''|magazine=Entertainment Weekly|first=Chris|last=Willaman|date=December 3, 2004|access-date=November 6, 2017|archive-date=November 7, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107221514/http://ew.com/article/2004/12/03/heres-celine-dions-1995-buried-treasure/|url-status=live}}</ref> His last released project was ''[[Silence Is Easy]]'' by [[Starsailor (band)|Starsailor]], in 2003. He was originally supposed to produce the entire album, but was fired owing to personal and creative differences. One of the two Spector-produced songs on the album, [[Silence Is Easy (song)|the title track]], was a UK top 10 single (the other single being "White Dove").<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/reviews/4b3n |title=Music – Review of Starsailor – Silence Is Easy |publisher=BBC |access-date=August 1, 2014 |archive-date=November 26, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171126092150/http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/reviews/4b3n/ |url-status=live }}</ref> === 2003–2021: Clarkson murder and imprisonment === {{Main|Murder of Lana Clarkson}} On February 3, 2003, Spector shot actress [[Lana Clarkson]] in the mouth while in his mansion (the Pyrenees Castle) in [[Alhambra, California]]. Her body was found slumped in a chair with a single gunshot wound to her mouth.<ref>{{cite web |first=Anthony |last=Bruno |url=http://www.trutv.com/library/crime/notorious_murders/celebrity/phil_spector/index.html |title=Phil Spector: The 'mad genius' of rock'n'roll |website=TruTV.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121210114832/http://www.trutv.com/library/crime/notorious_murders/celebrity/phil_spector/index.html |archive-date=December 10, 2012}}</ref> Spector told ''[[Esquire (magazine)|Esquire]]'' in July&nbsp;2003 that Clarkson's death was an "accidental suicide" and that she "kissed the gun".<ref name=Guardian>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/mar/17/musicnews.usa |title=Phil Spector and the wall of charges |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |location=London, UK |date=March 16, 2007 |access-date=December 18, 2018 |archive-date=December 19, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181219090838/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/mar/17/musicnews.usa |url-status=live}}</ref> The emergency call from Spector's home, made by Spector's driver, Adriano de Souza, quotes Spector as saying, "I think I killed somebody."<ref name=Guardian/> De Souza added that he saw Spector come out of the back door of the house with a gun in his hand.<ref name=Guardian/> Spector remained free on $1&nbsp;million bail while awaiting trial.<ref name="Televised"/> In the meantime, Spector produced singer-songwriter Hargo Khalsa's track (known professionally as Hargo) "Crying for John Lennon", which originally appears on Hargo's 2006 album ''In Your Eyes''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/in-your-eyes-mw0001110137 |title=In Your Eyes – Hargo |series=Songs, Reviews, Credits, Awards |publisher=AllMusic |date=July 24, 2006 |access-date=August 1, 2014 |archive-date=May 2, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200502144132/https://www.allmusic.com/album/in-your-eyes-mw0001110137 |url-status=live }}</ref> On a visit to Spector's mansion for an interview for the Lennon tribute film ''Strawberry Fields'', Hargo played Spector the song and asked him to produce it.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nme.com/news/phil-spector/30309 |title=Phil Spector continues work in studio |work=NME |date=August 13, 2007 |access-date=June 30, 2010 |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304080142/http://www.nme.com/news/phil-spector/30309 |url-status=live}}</ref> On March 19, 2007, Spector's murder trial began. Presiding Judge Larry Paul Fidler allowed the proceedings in Los Angeles [[Superior Court]] to be televised.<ref name="Televised">{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6371665.stm |title=US Spector trial to be televised |website=[[BBC News]] |publisher=[[BBC]] |location=London |date=February 17, 2007 |access-date=March 9, 2007 |archive-date=March 8, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080308122416/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6371665.stm |url-status=live}}</ref> On September 26, Fidler declared a [[mistrial (law)|mistrial]] because of a [[hung jury]] (ten to two for conviction).<ref name="nytimes_mistrial">{{cite news |first=Randal C. |last=Archibold |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/27/us/27spector.html |title=Mistrial Declared in Spector Murder Case |date=September 27, 2007 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=September 26, 2009 |archive-date=April 16, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416050800/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/27/us/27spector.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |first=Keith |last=Morrison |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/20749858/ns/dateline_nbc-phil_spector_trial/t/facing-music/#.XBl-nUtRfm0 |title=Facing the music |publisher=[[NBC News]] |location=New York City |date=September 12, 2007 |access-date=December 18, 2018 |archive-date=December 19, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181219044215/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/20749858/ns/dateline_nbc-phil_spector_trial/t/facing-music/#.XBl-nUtRfm0 |url-status=live}}</ref> Released in December 2007, the song "[[B Boy Baby]]" by [[Mutya Buena]] and [[Amy Winehouse]] featured melodic and lyrical passages heavily influenced by "Be My Baby". As a result, Spector was given a songwriting credit on the single. The sections from "Be My Baby" were sung by Winehouse, not sampled from the mono single.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nme.com/reviews/mutya-buena/8623 |title=Mutya Buena |work=NME |date=June 1, 2007 |access-date=June 30, 2010 |archive-date=April 15, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415053710/http://www.nme.com/reviews/mutya-buena/8623 |url-status=live}}</ref> Winehouse referenced her admiration of Spector's work and often performed Spector's first hit song, "[[To Know Him Is to Love Him]]".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QAHdAVOiw6Q |title=Amy Winehouse: To know him is to love him (live) |via=YouTube |date=October 31, 2009 |access-date=June 30, 2010 |archive-date=June 6, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160606092928/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QAHdAVOiw6Q |url-status=live}}</ref> That same month, Spector attended the funeral of [[Ike Turner]]. In his eulogy, Spector criticized Tina Turner's autobiography—and its subsequent promotion by [[Oprah Winfrey]]—as a "badly written" book that "demonized and vilified Ike". Spector commented that "Ike made Tina the jewel she was. When I went to see Ike play at the Cinegrill in the '90s ... there were at least five Tina Turners on the stage performing that night, and any one of them could have been the real Tina Turner."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nme.com/news/ike-turner/33364 |title=Phil Spector criticises Tina Turner at Ike Turner's funeral |date=December 23, 2007 |work=NME |access-date=June 30, 2010 |archive-date=September 7, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160907050201/http://www.nme.com/news/ike-turner/33364 |url-status=live}}</ref> In mid-April&nbsp;2008, [[BBC Two]] broadcast a special titled ''Phil Spector: The Agony and the Ecstasy'', by [[Vikram Jayanti]]. It consists of Spector's first screen interview—breaking a long period of media silence. During the conversation, images from the murder court case are juxtaposed with live appearances of his tracks on television programs from the 1960s and 1970s, along with subtitles giving critical interpretations of some of his song production values. While he does not directly try to clear his name, the court case proceedings shown try to give further explanation of the facts surrounding the murder charges leveled against him. He also speaks about the musical instincts that led him to create some of his most enduring hit records, from "You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'" to "River Deep, Mountain High", as well as ''Let It Be'', along with criticisms he feels he has had to deal with throughout his life.<ref>{{cite news |last=Thorpe |first=Vanessa |url=http://music.guardian.co.uk/news/story/0,,2257524,00.html?gusrc=rss&feed=uknews |title=Phil Spector breaks his silence before second trial for murder |series=Music Guardian |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=February 18, 2008 |access-date=June 30, 2010 |location=London |archive-date=December 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062644/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2008/feb/17/news.television |url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Phil Spector, mugshot (2009).jpg|thumb|right|2009 [[mug shot]]]] {{Wikinews|Music producer Phil Spector convicted of murder}} The retrial of Spector for [[Murder (United States law)#Degrees|murder in the second degree]] began on October 20, 2008,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nme.com/news/phil-spector/40549 |title=Phil Spector murder retrial gets underway, Jury selection begins in LA |newspaper=[[NME]] |publisher=[[TI Media]] |location=London|date=October 21, 2008 |access-date=March 31, 2013 |archive-date=June 16, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130616210039/http://www.nme.com/news/phil-spector/40549 |url-status=live }}</ref> with Judge Fidler again presiding; the retrial was not televised. Spector was once again represented by attorney Jennifer Lee Barringer.<ref>{{cite web |title=Attorney Jennifer Barringer (L) looks on pictures |url=https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/news-photo/attorney-jennifer-barringer-looks-on-as-phil-spector-looks-news-photo/85948115#attorney-jennifer-barringer-looks-on-as-phil-spector-looks-down-after-picture-id85948115 |website=[[Getty Images]] |access-date=February 1, 2018 |archive-date=February 2, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180202071501/https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/news-photo/attorney-jennifer-barringer-looks-on-as-phil-spector-looks-news-photo/85948115#attorney-jennifer-barringer-looks-on-as-phil-spector-looks-down-after-picture-id85948115 |url-status=live}}</ref> The case went to the jury on March 26, 2009, and 18&nbsp;days later, on April 13, the jury returned a guilty verdict.<ref>{{cite news |first=David K. |last=Li |url=http://www.nypost.com/seven/04132009/news/nationalnews/phil_spector_faces_the_music_164259.htm |title=Phil Spector faces the music |newspaper=[[New York Post]] |date=April 13, 2009 |access-date=June 30, 2010 |archive-date=July 27, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090727022523/http://www.nypost.com/seven/04132009/news/nationalnews/phil_spector_faces_the_music_164259.htm |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6984082.stm |title=Phil Spector convicted of murder |website=[[BBC News]] |publisher=[[BBC]]|location=London |date=April 13, 2009 |access-date=April 13, 2009 |archive-date=April 14, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090414012017/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6984082.stm |url-status=live}}</ref> Additionally, Spector was found guilty of using a firearm in the commission of a crime, which added four years to the sentence.<ref name="conviction">{{cite news |url=http://www.knx1070.com/Convicted--Spector-Found-Guilty-of-2nd-Degree-Murd/4193920 |title=Phil Spector found guilty of 2nd degree murder |agency=[[Associated Press]] |date=April 13, 2009 |access-date=December 18, 2018}}{{Dead link |date=July 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> He was immediately taken into custody and, on May 29, 2009, was sentenced to 19&nbsp;years to life in the [[California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation|California state prison system]].<ref name="cnn_sentencing">{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2009/CRIME/05/29/spector.sentencing/index.html|title=Phil Spector gets 19 years to life for murder of actress|date=May 29, 2009|access-date=May 30, 2009|publisher=[[CNN]]|author=Duke, Alan|archive-date=September 23, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100923030324/http://edition.cnn.com/2009/CRIME/05/29/spector.sentencing/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="CDCR_inmate_locator">{{cite web|url=https://inmatelocator.cdcr.ca.gov/Details.aspx?ID=G63408|title=CDCR Inmate Locator|access-date=June 4, 2019|publisher=cdcr.ca.gov|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062744/https://inmatelocator.cdcr.ca.gov/default.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Weber">{{cite news |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/phil-spector-famed-music-producer-160916853.html |first1=Christopher |last1=Weber |first2=Linda |last2=Deutsch |date=January 17, 2021 |agency=[[Associated Press]] |title=Phil Spector, famed music producer and murderer, dies at 81 |via=[[Yahoo!]]}}</ref><ref name="Davies">{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jan/17/phil-spector-pop-producer-convicted-of-dies-aged-81 |first1=Caroline |last1=Davies |title=Phil Spector, pop producer convicted of murder, dies aged 81 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=January 17, 2021}}</ref> Various attempted appeals were unsuccessful, in 2011, 2012, and 2016.<ref name=BBC2011-08-18-01a>{{cite web |title=Phil Spector denied murder appeal|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-14571589 |publisher=[[BBC]] |access-date=July 23, 2021 |date=August 18, 2011}}</ref><ref name=Guardian2012-02-22-01a>{{cite news |author=Sean Michaels|title=Phil Spector appeal rejected by US supreme court|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/feb/22/phil-spector-appeal-supreme-court|work=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=July 23, 2021 |date=February 22, 2012|quote=The music producer's conviction for the murder of Lana Clarkson in 2003 will not be overturned after court refuses to hear appeal ... The court let stand a California appeals court ruling last May that upheld Spector's conviction for the murder of Lana Clarkson in 2003. The court offered no comment on the case.}}</ref><ref name=RadarOnline-01a>{{cite web |title=Phil Spector's Battle For Freedom Is Over! Judge Rules On Appeal |url=https://radaronline.com/exclusives/2016/06/phil-spector-appeal-denied-murdered-remain-prison-lana-clarkson-guilty-sentence/ |website=[[Radar Online]] |access-date=July 23, 2021 |date=June 17, 2016}}</ref> == Musicianship == {{See also|Wall of Sound}} <!-- {{Rquote|right|I enjoyed all the records very much. I made them all from the heart. I made them all with art in mind, and all to reveal a picture of where I was when I made them."|Phil Spector|1968 [[Pop Chronicles]] interview.<ref name=pc21/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.goldminemag.com/tag/phil-spector|title=Phil Spector &#124; Goldmine Magazine |publisher=Goldminemag.com|access-date=2011-10-28}}</ref>}} --> Spector's early musical influences included [[Latin music (genre)|Latin music]] in general, and [[Latin percussion]] in particular.<ref>{{cite news|first=Robert|last=Palmer|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1977/03/20/archives/phil-spector-master-of-the-60s-sound.html|title=Phil Spector‐Master Of the 60's Sound|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=March 20, 1977|access-date=December 18, 2018|archive-date=December 19, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181219044009/https://www.nytimes.com/1977/03/20/archives/phil-spector-master-of-the-60s-sound.html|url-status=live}}</ref> This is perceptible in many if not all of Spector's recordings, from the percussion in many of his hit songs: shakers, güiros ([[gourds]]), and [[maracas]] in "Be My Baby" and the [[son montuno]] in "You've Lost That Lovin' Feeling" (heard clearly in the song's bridge, played by session bassist [[Carol Kaye]], while the same repeating refrain is played on harpsichord by [[Larry Knechtel]]). Spector's trademark during his recording career was the so-called [[Wall of Sound]], a production technique yielding a dense, layered effect that reproduced well on [[AM radio]] and [[jukebox]]es. To attain this signature sound, Spector gathered large groups of musicians (playing some instruments not generally used for ensemble playing, such as [[electric guitar|electric]] and [[acoustic guitar]]s) playing orchestrated parts—often doubling and tripling many instruments playing in [[unison]]—for a fuller sound. Spector himself called his technique "a [[Wagnerian]] approach to rock & roll: little symphonies for the kids".<ref>{{cite book|last1=DeCurtis|first1=Anthony|title=Rocking My Life Away: Writing about Music and Other Matters|date=1999|publisher=Duke University Press|location=Durham, North Carolina|isbn=0822324199|page=142 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=710jaQyASrcC&pg=PA142|access-date=August 4, 2017}}</ref> Spector directed the overall sound of his recordings, using a core group that became known as [[The Wrecking Crew (music)|the Wrecking Crew]], including session players such as [[Hal Blaine]], [[Larry Knechtel]], [[Steve Douglas (saxophonist)|Steve Douglas]], [[Carol Kaye]], [[Roy Caton]], [[Glen Campbell]], and [[Leon Russell]]. He delegated arrangements to [[Jack Nitzsche]] and had [[Sonny Bono]] oversee the performances, viewing these two as his "lieutenants".<ref>{{cite magazine|first=Chuck|last=Eddy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WI46846SAhwC&q=phil+spector+jack+nitzsche+sonny+bono+lieutenants&pg=PA79|title=Essentials: A Mad Genius Turns the Wall of Sound Into Rock's Most Transcendent Trick|magazine=[[Spin (magazine)|Spin]]|date=April 2011|access-date=December 18, 2018|page=79|via=[[Google Books]]|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062616/https://books.google.com/books?id=WI46846SAhwC&q=phil+spector+jack+nitzsche+sonny+bono+lieutenants&pg=PA79|url-status=live}}</ref> Spector frequently used songs from songwriters employed at the [[Brill Building]] (Trio Music) and at 1650 Broadway (Aldon Music), such as the teams of [[Ellie Greenwich]] and [[Jeff Barry]], [[Barry Mann]] and [[Cynthia Weil]], and [[Gerry Goffin]] and [[Carole King]]. He often worked with the songwriters, receiving co-credit and publishing royalties for compositions.<ref>{{cite news|first=Harriet|last=Ryan|url=https://articles.latimes.com/2009/apr/08/local/me-spector-money8|title=Spector's long legal battles may be sapping his fortune|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=April 8, 2009|access-date=December 18, 2018|archive-date=May 17, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160517025849/http://articles.latimes.com/2009/apr/08/local/me-spector-money8|url-status=live}}</ref> Despite the trend towards multichannel recording, Spector was vehemently opposed to [[stereophonic sound|stereo]] releases, saying that it took control of the record's sound away from the producer in favor of the listener.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6467441.stm |title=Entertainment &#124; Phil Spector's Wall of Sound |website=[[BBC News]] |publisher=[[BBC]] |location=London, England |date=April 14, 2009 |access-date=October 14, 2011 |archive-date=March 26, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326190524/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6467441.stm |url-status=live }}</ref> Sometimes a pair of strings or horns would be double-tracked multiple times to sound like an entire string or horn section. But in the final product the background sometimes could not be distinguished as either horns or strings. Spector also greatly preferred singles to albums, describing [[LP album|LPs]] as "two hits and ten pieces of junk", reflecting both his commercial methods and those of many other producers at the time.{{sfn|Brown|2007|pp=184–185}} {{Better source needed|date=July 2021}} ==Legacy and influence== According to guitarist [[Stevie Van Zandt]] of the [[E Street Band]], Spector was a "genius irredeemably conflicted". On Twitter, he wrote: "[Spector] was the ultimate example of the art always being better than the artist... [He] made some of the greatest records in history based on the salvation of love while remaining incapable of giving or receiving love his whole life."<ref name="Landrum">{{cite news |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/phil-spectors-death-resurrects-mixed-024909351.html |agency=Associated Press |title=Phil Spector's death resurrects mixed reaction from skeptics | first1=Jonathon Jr. |last1=Landrum |date=January 17, 2021 |location=Los Angeles |quote=But while Spector made his mark as a revolutionary music producer, the stories of him waving guns at recording artists and being convicted of murder overshadowed his artistry.}}</ref> Spector is often called the first [[auteur]] among musical artists{{sfn|Bannister|2007|p=38}}{{sfn|Eisenberg|2005|p=103}} for acting not only as a producer, but also the creative director, writing or choosing the material, supervising the arrangements, conducting the vocalists and [[session musician]]s, and masterminding all phases of the recording process.{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=23}} He helped pave the way for [[art rock]],{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=25}} and helped inspire the emergence of aesthetically oriented genres such as [[shoegaze]]{{sfn|Bannister|2007|p=38}} and [[noise music]].{{sfn|Bannister|2007|p=158}} ''[[PopMatters]]'' editor [[John Bergstrom]] credits the start of [[dream pop]] to Spector's collaboration with George Harrison on ''All Things Must Pass''.<ref>{{cite web|last=Bergstrom|first=John|title=George Harrison: All Things Must Pass|url=https://www.popmatters.com/review/135411-george-harrison-all-things-must-pass/|work=PopMatters|access-date=April 28, 2014|date=January 13, 2011|archive-date=December 13, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213100310/http://www.popmatters.com/review/135411-george-harrison-all-things-must-pass/|url-status=live}}</ref> His influence has been claimed by performers such as [[the Beatles]], [[the Beach Boys]],{{sfn|Bannister|2007|p=39}} and [[the Velvet Underground]]<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Reed|first=Lou|title=The View from the Bandstand|magazine=Aspen Magazine|date=December 1966|issue=3}}</ref> alongside latter-day record producers such as [[Brian Eno]] and [[Tony Visconti]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Tamm|first=Eric|title=Brian Eno: His Music and the Vertical Color of Sound|date=1995|publisher=Da Capo Press|location=New York|isbn=978-0-306-80649-0|page=30|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rTiz6x13730C|edition=Updated ed., 1. Da Capo Press|access-date=September 26, 2020|archive-date=May 17, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160517105148/https://books.google.com/books?id=rTiz6x13730C|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Lecture: Tony Visconti (Madrid 2011)|url=http://vimeo.com/32710229|publisher=Red Bull Music Academy|access-date=May 20, 2014|year=2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150123023220/http://vimeo.com/32710229|archive-date=January 23, 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Alternative rock]] performers [[Cocteau Twins]],<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Guthrie|first=Robin|title=Robin Guthrie of Cocteau Twins Talks about the Records That Changed His Life|magazine=Melody Maker|date=November 6, 1993|page=27}}</ref> [[My Bloody Valentine (band)|My Bloody Valentine]],{{sfn|Bannister|2007|p=39}} and [[the Jesus and Mary Chain]]{{sfn|Bannister|2007|p=39}} have all cited Spector as an influence. [[Shoegaze]], a British musical movement in the late 1980s to mid-1990s, was heavily influenced by the Wall of Sound. [[Jason Pierce]] of [[Spiritualized]] has cited Spector as a major influence on his ''[[Let It Come Down (Spiritualized album)|Let It Come Down]]'' album.{{citation needed|date=August 2014}} [[Bobby Gillespie]] of [[Primal Scream]] and [[the Jesus and Mary Chain]] has enthused about Spector, with the song "[[Just Like Honey]]" opening with an homage of the famous "Be My Baby" drum intro.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Adams|first1=Erik|last2=Casciato|first2=Cory|last3=Eakin|first3=Marah|last4=Heller|first4=Jason|last5=Sava|first5=Oliver|last6=Zaleski|first6=Annie|title=Kick kick kick snare, repeat: 15 songs that borrow the drum intro from 'Be My Baby'|url=https://www.avclub.com/article/kick-kick-kick-snare-repeat-15-songs-that-borrow-t-102315|website=AV Club|date=September 2, 2013 |access-date=August 4, 2017|archive-date=August 19, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819045850/http://www.avclub.com/article/kick-kick-kick-snare-repeat-15-songs-that-borrow-t-102315|url-status=live}}</ref> Many have tried to emulate Spector's methods, and [[Brian Wilson]] of the Beach Boys—a fellow adherent of mono recording—considered Spector his main competition as a studio artist. In the 1960s, Wilson thought of Spector as "the single most influential producer. He's timeless. He makes a milestone whenever he goes into the studio."<ref>{{cite news|last=Grevatt|first=Ron|title=Beach Boys' Blast|work=Melody Maker|date=March 19, 1966|url=http://i1218.photobucket.com/albums/dd420/kwan_dk/MMMarch191966.jpg|access-date=June 23, 2013|archive-date=March 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303193107/http://i1218.photobucket.com/albums/dd420/kwan_dk/MMMarch191966.jpg|url-status=live}}</ref> Wilson's fascination with Spector's work has persisted for decades, with many different references to Spector and his work scattered around Wilson's songs with the Beach Boys and even his solo career. Of Spector-related productions, Wilson has been involved with covers of "[[Be My Baby]]", "[[Chapel of Love]]", "[[Just Once in My Life]]", "[[There's No Other (Like My Baby)]]", "[[Then He Kissed Me]]", "[[Talk to Me (Joe Seneca song)|Talk to Me]]", "[[Why Don't They Let Us Fall in Love]]", "[[You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin']]", "[[Da Doo Ron Ron]]", "[[I Can Hear Music]]", and "This Could Be the Night".<ref>{{cite book|last=Lambert|first=Philip|title=Inside the Music of Brian Wilson: the Songs, Sounds, and Influences of the Beach Boys' Founding Genius|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7XsZAQAAIAAJ|year=2007|publisher=Continuum|isbn=978-0-8264-1876-0|pages=331–79|access-date=April 8, 2016|archive-date=May 15, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160515190704/https://books.google.com/books?id=7XsZAQAAIAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Johnny Franz]]'s mid-1960s productions for [[Dusty Springfield]] and [[the Walker Brothers]] also employed a layered, symphonic "Wall of Sound" arrangement-and-recording style, heavily influenced by the Spector sound.<ref name="Ward2018">{{cite book|first=Kit|last=Ward|title=City of Song: A London Sixties Music Trail|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CCBzDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT35|year= 2018|publisher=Prydain Press|isbn=978-1-916469-31-0|pages=35–}}</ref> Another example is the Forum, a studio project of [[Les Baxter]], which produced a minor hit in 1967 with "[[The River Is Wide]]". [[Sonny Bono]], a former associate of Spector's, developed a jangly, guitar-laden variation on the Spector sound, which is heard mainly in mid-1960s productions for his then-wife [[Cher]], notably "[[Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)]]". [[Bruce Springsteen]] emulated the Wall of Sound technique in his recording of "[[Born to Run (Bruce Springsteen song)|Born to Run]]".{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=25}} In 1973, the British band [[Wizzard]], led by [[Roy Wood]], had three Spector-influenced hits with "[[See My Baby Jive]]", "[[Angel Fingers (A Teen Ballad)]]", and "[[I Wish It Could Be Christmas Everyday]]", the latter becoming a perennial Christmas hit.{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=25}} Other contemporaries influenced by Spector include [[Shadow Morton|George Morton]], [[Sonny & Cher]], [[the Rolling Stones]], [[the Four Tops]], [[Mark Wirtz]], [[the Lovin' Spoonful]], and [[the Beatles]].{{sfn|Williams|2003|p=24}} Swedish pop group [[ABBA]] cited Spector as an influence, and used similar Wall of Sound techniques in their early songs, including "[[Ring Ring (ABBA song)|Ring Ring]]", "[[Waterloo (ABBA song)|Waterloo]]", and "[[Dancing Queen]]".<ref name="Publications2012">{{cite book|title=Really Easy Piano: ABBA|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DHXHDgAAQBAJ&pg=PA34|year=2012|publisher=Wise Publications|isbn=978-0-85712-947-5|pages=34–}}</ref> The Los Angeles-based [[new wave music|new wave]] band [[Wall of Voodoo]] takes their name from Spector's Wall of Sound.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Jennings|first=Steve|date=March 1, 2005|title=Classic Tracks: Wall of Voodoo's "Mexican Radio"|url=https://www.mixonline.com/recording/classic-tracks-wall-voodoos-mexican-radio-365502|access-date=January 17, 2021|website=[[Mix (magazine)|Mix]]|language=en-US}}</ref> Spector's influence is also felt in other areas of the world, especially Japan. [[City pop]] musician [[Eiichi Ohtaki]] has been influenced by Spector and the Wall of Sound.<ref>{{Cite web|last=B.|first=Sheila|date=August 13, 2013|title=Nippon Girls: Japanese Synth-pop, Bubble-gum, and Ballads Mix (1971-1985)|url=https://www.chachacharming.com/music/nippon-girls-japanese-synth-pop-bubble-gum-and-ballads-mix-1971-1985/|access-date=January 17, 2021|website=Chacha Charming|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Eiichi Ohtaki- Japanese music otaku legend|url=https://jculinferno.tumblr.com/post/84173600466/eiichi-ohtaki-japanese-music-otaku-legend|access-date=January 17, 2021|website=jculinferno|language=en}}</ref> == Personal life == ===Relationships and children=== Spector's first marriage was in 1963 to Annette Merar, lead vocalist of the Spectors Three, a 1960s pop trio formed and produced by Spector. He named a record company after Merar, Annette Records.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dailybreeze.com/general-news/20090720/phil-spectors-first-wife-reported-missing|title=Phil Spector's first wife reported missing|date=July 20, 2009|website=Daily Breeze|language=en-US|access-date=September 13, 2019|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062619/https://www.dailybreeze.com/2009/07/20/phil-spectors-first-wife-reported-missing/|url-status=live}}</ref> Spector and Merar divorced in 1966.<ref>{{Cite book|date=January 12, 2022|title=Phil Spector: Out Of His Head|isbn=9780857120564|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vyyVGNycEA0C&dq=divorced&pg=PT107|access-date=January 13, 2022|language=en-gb|last1=Williams|first1=Richard}}</ref> While still married to Merar, he began having an affair with Ronnie Bennett, later known as [[Ronnie Spector]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.enotes.com/contemporary-musicians/spector-ronnie-biography|title=Spector, Ronnie Study Guide & Homework Help|publisher=eNotes.com|access-date=March 31, 2013|archive-date=December 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062551/https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/who-was-ronnie-spector-what-did-she-contribute-468884|url-status=live}}</ref> Bennett was the lead singer of the girl group [[the Ronettes]] (another group Spector managed and produced). They married in 1968 and adopted a son, Donté Phillip Spector.<ref name=":4" /> As a Christmas present, Spector surprised her by adopting twins Louis Phillip Spector and Gary Phillip Spector.<ref name=":4">{{Cite news|date=January 17, 2021|title=Phil Spector, Pop Music Hitmaker Convicted of Murder, Dies at 81|language=en|work=Bloomberg|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-01-17/phil-spector-pop-music-hitmaker-convicted-of-murder-dies-at-81|access-date=January 19, 2021}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/rqeg3r/ronnie-spector-interview-2013|title=Ronnie Spector: The Original Icon|last=Muller|first=Marissa G.|date=November 12, 2013|website=Vice|access-date=September 13, 2019|archive-date=May 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200502151037/https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/rqeg3r/ronnie-spector-interview-2013|url-status=live}}</ref> In her 1990 memoir, ''[[Be My Baby (book)|Be My Baby: How I Survived Mascara, Miniskirts And Madness]]'', Bennett alleged that Spector had imprisoned her in his California mansion and subjected her to years of psychological torment. According to Bennett, Spector sabotaged her career by forbidding her to perform. She escaped from the mansion barefoot with the help of her mother in 1972.<ref name=":0"/><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandpopfeatures/10676805/Ronnie-Spector-interview-The-more-Phil-tried-to-destroy-me-the-stronger-I-got.html|title=Ronnie Spector interview: 'The more Phil tried to destroy me, the stronger I got'|last=Hoby|first=Hermione|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=March 6, 2014|access-date=November 25, 2017|language=en-GB|issn=0307-1235|archive-date=May 29, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140529103205/http://entertainment.ca.msn.com/music/photos/gallery.aspx?cp-documentid=24160517&page=7|url-status=live}}</ref> In their 1974 divorce settlement, she forfeited all future record earnings and surrendered custody of their children. She alleged that this was because Spector threatened to hire a [[Contract killing|hitman]] to kill her.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/marriage-hit-wrong-chord-ronette-article-1.797108|title=Marriage Hit Wrong Chord, Says Ronette|last=Arena|first=Salvatore|date=June 11, 1998|newspaper=[[Daily News (New York)|Daily News]]|location=New York|access-date=September 13, 2019|archive-date=July 2, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702141716/https://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/marriage-hit-wrong-chord-ronette-article-1.797108|url-status=live}}</ref> Spector's sons Gary and Donté both stated that their father "kept them captive" as children, and that they were "forced to perform simulated intercourse" with his girlfriend. According to Gary, "I was blindfolded and sexually molested. Dad would say, 'You're going to meet someone,' and it would be a 'learning experience'."<ref name="GaryDonte">{{Cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/spector-sons-dad-caged-article-1.669891|title=Spector's Sons: Dad Caged Us|work=Daily News|location=New York|access-date=November 25, 2017|language=en|archive-date=December 1, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201042449/http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/spector-sons-dad-caged-article-1.669891|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Willis |first1=Tim |title=Phil Spector's troubled life |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/3664496/Phil-Spectors-troubled-life.html |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=April 18, 2007 |access-date=September 12, 2018 |archive-date=September 13, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913002443/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/3664496/Phil-Spectors-troubled-life.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Donté described himself as coming "from a very sick, twisted, dysfunctional family".<ref name="GaryDonte"/> In 1982, Spector had twin children with his girlfriend Janis Zavala: Nicole Audrey Spector and Phillip Spector Jr. Phillip Jr. died of [[leukemia]] in 1991.<ref name=":4"/><ref>{{cite magazine |last=Sam |first=Robert |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/fame/features/2003/06/spector200306?currentPage=6 |title=Legend with a Bullet |magazine=Vanity Fair |access-date=March 31, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091130102156/http://www.vanityfair.com/fame/features/2003/06/spector200306?currentPage=6 |archive-date=November 30, 2009 }}</ref> On September 1, 2006, while on bail and awaiting trial, Spector married his third wife Rachelle Short, who was 26 at the time. Spector filed for divorce in April 2016, claiming [[irreconcilable differences]].<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.tmz.com/2016/04/23/phil-spector-divorce | title=Phil Spector Files for Divorce: My Wife's Killing Me | work=TMZ | date=April 23, 2016 | access-date=April 23, 2016 | archive-date=May 2, 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200502202445/https://www.tmz.com/2016/04/23/phil-spector-divorce/ | url-status=live }}</ref> They divorced in 2018.<ref>{{cite web |title=Phil Spector Fast Facts |url=https://www.cnn.com/2013/06/25/us/phil-spector-fast-facts/index.html |publisher=CNN |date=March 25, 2021}}</ref> ===Health, illness, and death=== [[File:Phil-spector-2014-mug-shot.jpg|thumb|right|2014 mug shot]] Spector testified in a 2005 court deposition that he had been treated for [[bipolar disorder]] ("manic depression") for eight years, saying, "No sleep, depression, mood changes, mood swings, hard to live with, hard to concentrate, just hard—a hard time getting through life, I've been called a genius and I think a genius is not there all the time and has borderline insanity."<ref name="AP2021">{{cite news |first1=Christopher |last1=Weber |first2=Linda |last2=Deutsch |title=Phil Spector, famed music producer and murderer, dies at 81 |url=https://apnews.com/article/phil-spector-los-angeles-music-lana-clarkson-california-2845684db91046267039f7d628ce20d4 |work=AP News |date=January 17, 2021}}</ref> In the first criminal trial for the Clarkson murder, defense expert and [[forensic pathologist]] [[Vincent Di Maio]] said that Spector might be suffering from [[Parkinson's disease]] stating, "Look at Mr.&nbsp;Spector. He has Parkinson's features. He trembles."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2007-06-28-phil-spector_N.htm|title=Defense expert, prosecutor spar in Phil Spector murder trial|newspaper=USA Today|date=June 28, 2007|access-date=March 31, 2011|archive-date=August 18, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070818110753/http://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2007-06-28-phil-spector_N.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> California Department of Corrections photos from 2013 (released in September 2014) show evidence of a progressive deterioration in Spector's health, according to observers.<ref>[http://www.nola.com/crime/index.ssf/2014/09/phil_spector_new_photos_show_t.html Phil Spector: New photos show toll of age, prison on pop legend] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140927000125/http://www.nola.com/crime/index.ssf/2014/09/phil_spector_new_photos_show_t.html |date=September 27, 2014 }}. Published September 23, 2014. Retrieved September 24, 2014.</ref><ref>[http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/world/americas/article4216495.ece Phil Spector photos show prison taking its toll] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140924220610/http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/world/americas/article4216495.ece |date=September 24, 2014 }} ''[[The Times]]''. Retrieved September 24, 2014.</ref> He had been an inmate at the [[California Health Care Facility]] (a prison hospital) in [[Stockton, California|Stockton]] since October 2013.<ref name=Silence>{{cite news|url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/jailed-phil-spectors-wall-silence-4331279|title=Jailed Phil Spector's wall of silence as he loses ability to speak|newspaper=[[Daily Mirror]]|date=September 26, 2014|access-date=September 27, 2014|archive-date=December 21, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171221213140/http://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/jailed-phil-spectors-wall-silence-4331279|url-status=live}}</ref> In September 2014, it was reported that Spector had lost his ability to speak, owing to [[laryngeal papillomatosis]].<ref name=Silence/><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/music/record-producer-phil-spector-loses-voice-facility-sick-inmates-article-1.1954901|title=Music producer Phil Spector loses voice, now in facility for sick inmates|newspaper=[[Daily News (New York)|Daily News]]|location=New York|date=September 27, 2014|access-date=October 2, 2014|archive-date=September 30, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140930080711/http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/music/record-producer-phil-spector-loses-voice-facility-sick-inmates-article-1.1954901|url-status=live}}</ref> He was taken to [[San Joaquin General Hospital]] in [[French Camp, California]], on December 31, and [[Tracheal intubation|intubated]] in January 2021.<ref name="Grimes2021">{{cite news |last1=Grimes |first1=William |date=January 17, 2021 |title=Phil Spector, Famed Music Producer Imprisoned in Slaying, Dies at 81 |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/17/arts/music/phil-spector-dead.html |url-access=limited |access-date=January 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211228/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/17/arts/music/phil-spector-dead.html |archive-date=December 28, 2021}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Spector died in an outside hospital on January 16 at the age of 81, according to the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/news/2021/01/17/inmate-phillip-spector-dies-of-natural-causes/ |title=CDCR Inmate Locator |publisher=California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation |access-date=June 4, 2019 |archive-date=December 18, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062711/https://inmatelocator.cdcr.ca.gov/default.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Cromelin2021">{{Cite news|last1=Cromelin|first1=Richard|last2=Wigglesworth|first2=Alex|last3=Winton|first3=Richard|date=January 17, 2021|title=Phil Spector, music producer convicted of murder, dies at 81 after contracting COVID-19|work=Los Angeles Times|department=Obituaries|url=https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-01-17/phil-spector-dead|access-date=January 17, 2021|quote=Before he was transferred to a hospital, Spector had been an inmate at the California Health Care Facility in Stockton}}</ref><ref name="Whitcomb2021">{{Cite news|last=Whitcomb|first=Dan|date=January 18, 2021|title=Phil Spector, music producer and convicted killer, dies after contracting COVID-19|work=The Sydney Morning Herald|url=https://amp.smh.com.au/world/north-america/phil-spector-music-producer-and-convicted-killer-dies-after-contracting-covid-19-20210118-p56uso.html|access-date=January 17, 2021}}</ref><ref name="Davies 2021">{{Cite news|last=Davies|first=Caroline|date=January 17, 2021|title=Phil Spector, pop producer convicted of murder, dies aged 81|work=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jan/17/phil-spector-pop-producer-convicted-of-dies-aged-81|access-date=January 17, 2021}}</ref> Spector's daughter Nicole attributed her father's death to complications of [[COVID-19]], with which he was diagnosed in December 2020.<ref name="Grimes2021" /> He would have been eligible for parole in 2024.<ref name="CDCR_inmate_locator"/> Some media outlets that reported on Spector's death were subject to controversy for reportedly downplaying his murder conviction. Examples given were the obituaries in ''The New York Times'' and ''Rolling Stone'', which originally stated, respectively, that Spector's legacy "was marred by a murder conviction" and that his "life was upended" after being sentenced. These obituaries were revised following a social media backlash.<ref name="Wood21">{{cite news |last1=Wood |first1=Mikael |title=Phil Spector and the damaging myth of male creative genius |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/music/story/2021-01-18/phil-spector-producer-abusive-male-genius |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=January 18, 2021}}</ref> ==In popular culture== * ''[[I Dream of Jeannie]]'' (1967, "Jeannie, the Hip Hippie" – season 3, episode 6): Phil Spector made a cameo as himself. Jeannie decides she wants to be a pop star and enlists Spector for help. Though referred to by the characters throughout the episode as "Phil Spector", the credit roll lists "Phil Spector as 'Steve Davis{{'"}}.<ref>{{Cite web|date=April 1, 2013|title=Phil Spector on 'I Dream of Jeannie' (with Boyce & Hart)|url=https://dangerousminds.net/comments/phil_spector_on_i_dream_of_jeannie_with_boyce_hart|access-date=January 17, 2021|website=DangerousMinds}}</ref> * ''[[Beyond the Valley of the Dolls]]'' (1970): The character of Ronnie "Z-Man" Barzell is based upon Spector, though neither [[Russ Meyer]] nor screenwriter [[Roger Ebert]] had met him.<ref>{{cite news|first=Roger|last=Ebert|author-link=Roger Ebert|url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/beyond-the-valley-of-the-dolls-1980|title=Beyond the Valley of the Dolls|newspaper=[[Chicago Tribune]]|date=January 1, 1970|access-date=February 13, 2020|via=rogerebert.com|archive-date=December 30, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181230054847/https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/beyond-the-valley-of-the-dolls-1980|url-status=live}}</ref> * ''[[Phantom of the Paradise]]'' (1974): The villainous character Swan (played by [[Paul Williams (songwriter)|Paul Williams]]) was supposedly inspired by Spector. A music producer and head of a record label, Swan was named "Spectre" in original drafts of the film's screenplay.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.swanarchives.org/Production.asp |title=Production |publisher=The Swan Archives |date=October 4, 1974 |access-date=October 28, 2011}}</ref> * ''[[What's Love Got to Do with It (1993 film)|What's Love Got to Do with It]]'' (1993): Spector is portrayed by Rob LaBelle.<ref>{{cite book|title=Fischer Film Almanach|first=Horst|last=Schäfer|publisher=Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag|year= 1994|page=339}}</ref> * ''[[Grace of My Heart]]'' (1996): The film contains many characters based upon 1960s musicians, writers and producers including the character Joel Milner played by [[John Turturro]] (based on Spector).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kermode |first=Mark |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2006/mar/23/features |title=John Turturro |work=The Guardian |date=March 23, 2006 |access-date=January 16, 2019 |archive-date=January 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190117070039/https://www.theguardian.com/film/2006/mar/23/features |url-status=live }}</ref> * In the [[docudrama]] ''And the Beat Goes On: The Sonny and Cher Story'', Phil Spector is portrayed by Christian Leffler. * ''[[Metalocalypse]]'' (2006–2013): The character Dick Knubbler is a parody of Spector, based on profession, appearance and record of assault.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Daly|first=Joe|date=March 28, 2020|title=The 10 best moments from Metalocalypse|url=https://www.loudersound.com/features/the-10-best-moments-from-metalocalypse-dethklok|access-date=January 17, 2021|website=Metal Hammer Magazine|language=en}}</ref> * ''A Reasonable Man'' (2009): Harv Stevens is reportedly based on Spector. The film examines his relationship with John Lennon.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.exclaim.ca/articles/generalarticlesynopsfullart.aspx?csid1=142&csid2=844&fid1=45525|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120729122313/http://www.exclaim.ca/articles/generalarticlesynopsfullart.aspx?csid1=142&csid2=844&fid1=45525|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 29, 2012|title=Article at Exclaim.com|work=Exclaim!|access-date=June 30, 2010}}</ref> * ''[[Phil Spector (film)|Phil Spector]]'' (2013): Spector is portrayed by [[Al Pacino]].<ref>{{Citation|title=Phil Spector (2013). Rotten Tomatoes|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/phil_spector|language=en|access-date=January 17, 2021}}</ref> * ''[[Love & Mercy (film)|Love & Mercy]]'' (2014): Spector is portrayed by [[Jonathan Slavin]]. However, his scene was cut from the theatrical release.<ref>{{Cite book|last=MacLeod|first=Sean|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iFoxDwAAQBAJ&q=love+&pg=PA158|title=Phil Spector: Sound of the Sixties|date=November 15, 2017|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-1-4422-6706-0|pages=158}}</ref> * He was also in ''[[Easy Rider]]'' as a drug dealer. * The song "Christmas Kids" by ROAR references Spector's relationship with Ronnie Spector, the two also appear on the cover of the EP. == Discography == {{Main|Phil Spector discography}} {{See also|Philles Records}} == Awards == Spector is one of a handful of producers to have number one records in three consecutive decades (1950s, 1960s and 1970s). Others in this group include [[Quincy Jones]] (1960s, 1970s, and 1980s), [[George Martin]] (1960s, 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s), [[Michael Omartian]] (1970s, 1980s and 1990s), [[Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis]] (1980s, 1990s, and 2000s), and [[Max Martin]] (1990s, 2000, 2010s, and 2020s).<ref name="bronson2003">Bronson, Fred (2003). ''Billboard's Hottest Hot 100 Hits''. Billboard Books (3rd ed.), pp. 106–28.</ref><ref>Whitburn, Joel (2013). ''Joel Whitburn's Top Pop Singles 1955–2012''. Record Research (14th ed.).</ref> ''' Awards and nominations ''' {| class=" wikitable plainrowheaders " style="table-layout: fixed; margin-right: 0; " |+ ! scope="col" |Year ! scope="col" |Nominee / work ! scope="col" |Award ! scope="col" |Result |- |1972 |[[George Harrison]] "[[My Sweet Lord]]" |[[Grammy Award for Record of the Year]]<ref name=":3"/> |{{nom}} |- |1972 |George Harrison ''[[All Things Must Pass]]'' |[[Grammy Award for Album of the Year]]<ref name=":3"/> |{{nom}} |- |1973 |George Harrison & Friends ''[[The Concert for Bangladesh (album)|The Concert for Bangladesh]]'' |Grammy Award for Album of the Year<ref>{{Cite web|date=December 2, 2014|title=GRAMMY Rewind: 15th Annual GRAMMY Awards|url=https://www.grammy.com/grammys/news/grammy-rewind-15th-annual-grammy-awards|access-date=January 17, 2021|publisher=National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences|language=en}}</ref> |{{won}} |- |1989 |Phil Spector |[[Rock and Roll Hall of Fame]]<ref name=":2"/> | style="background: #99FF99; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="yes table-yes2" |Inducted |- |1997 |Phil Spector |[[Songwriters Hall of Fame|Songwriter's Hall of Fame]]<ref name=":1"/> | style="background: #99FF99; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; " class="yes table-yes2" |Inducted |- |2000 |Phil Spector |[[Grammy Trustees Award]]<ref name=":3"/> |{{won}} |} ''' Rankings ''' {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center" !Publication !Country !Accolade !Year !Rank !Ref |- |- |- |''[[Rolling Stone]]'' |US |Greatest Artists of All Time |2004, updated 2011 |64 |<ref>{{Cite magazine|date=December 3, 2010|title=100 Greatest Artists (80-61)|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-lists/100-greatest-artists-147446/elvis-costello-4-85334|access-date=January 17, 2021|magazine=Rolling Stone|language=en-US}}</ref> |- |''[[The Washington Times]]'' |US |Greatest Record Producers of All Time |2008 |2 |<ref>{{Cite web|date=July 4, 2008|title=Top 5: Knob-twiddlers|url=https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2008/jul/4/top-5-98304083/|access-date=January 17, 2021|website=The Washington Times|language=en-US}}</ref> |} == Notes == {{reflist|group=nb}} ==References== {{Reflist}} ==Bibliography== {{refbegin}} * {{cite book|first=Matthew|last=Bannister|title=White Boys, White Noise: Masculinities and 1980s Indie Guitar Rock|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4ckLKGTXRwQC&pg=PA38|year=2007|publisher=Ashgate Publishing|isbn=978-0-7546-8803-7}} * {{cite book|last=Brown|first=Mick|author-link=Mick Brown (journalist)|title=Tearing Down the Wall of Sound: The Rise and Fall of Phil Spector|year=2007|publisher=Bloomsbury|location=London|isbn=9781400042197|url=https://archive.org/details/tearingdownwallo0000brow/|url-access=registration}} * {{cite book|last=Doggett|first=Peter|author-link=Peter Doggett|title=You Never Give Me Your Money: The Beatles After the Breakup|publisher=It Books|location=New York, NY|year=2011|isbn=978-0-06-177418-8}} * {{cite book|last=Eisenberg|first=Evan|title=The Recording Angel: Music, Records and Culture from Aristotle to Zappa|url=https://archive.org/details/recordingangel00evan|url-access=registration|year=2005|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-09904-1}} * {{cite book|last=Frontani|first=Michael|chapter=The Solo Years|editor-last=Womack |editor-first=Kenneth|year=2009|title=The Cambridge Companion to the Beatles|location=Cambridge, UK|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-68976-2}} * {{cite book|first=Steve|last=Hamelman|chapter=On Their Way Home: The Beatles in 1969 and 1970|editor-last=Womack|editor-first=Kenneth|year=2009|title=The Cambridge Companion to the Beatles|location=Cambridge, UK|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-68976-2}} * {{cite book|last1=Madinger|first1=Chip|last2=Easter|first2=Mark|title=Eight Arms to Hold You: The Solo Beatles Compendium|publisher=44.1 Productions|location=Chesterfield, MO|year=2000|isbn=0-615-11724-4}} * {{cite book|first=Mark|last=Ribowsky|title=He's a Rebel: Phil Spector – Rock and Roll's Legendary Producer|url=https://archive.org/details/hesrebelphilspec0000ribo|publisher=Da Capo Press|location=Cambridge, MA|year=2006|isbn=978-0-306-81471-6|url-access=registration}} * {{cite book|last=Schaffner|first=Nicholas|author-link=Nicholas Schaffner|title=The Beatles Forever|publisher=McGraw-Hill|location=New York, NY|year=1978|isbn=0-07-055087-5|url=https://archive.org/details/beatlesforever00scha}} * {{cite book|last=Spizer|first=Bruce|author-link=Bruce Spizer|title=The Beatles Solo on Apple Records|publisher=498 Productions|location=New Orleans, LA|year=2005|isbn=0-9662649-5-9}} * {{cite book |last1=Sumrall |first1=Harry |title=Pioneers of Rock and Roll: 100 Artists Who Changed the Face of Rock |date=1994 |publisher=Billboard Books |location=New York |isbn=0823076288 |url=https://archive.org/details/pioneersofrockro0000sumr/page/250/ |url-access=registration}} * {{cite book |last=Thompson |first=Dave |author-link=Dave Thompson (author) |title=Wall of Pain: The Biography of Phil Spector |year=2004 |edition=Paperback |publisher=Sanctuary|location=London|isbn=978-1-86074-543-0 |url=https://archive.org/details/wallofpainbiogra0000thom |url-access=registration}} * {{cite book |last1=Thompson |first1=Dave |author1-link=Dave Thompson (author) |title=Wall of Pain: The Life of Phil Spector |date=2005 |publisher=Sanctuary |location=London |isbn=9781860746451 |edition=New |url=https://archive.org/details/wallofpainlifeof0000thom/ |url-access=registration}} * {{cite book |last=Williams|first=Richard |author-link=Richard Williams (journalist) |title=Phil Spector: Out of His Head |edition=Paperback |publisher=Omnibus Press |location=London|year=2003 |isbn=978-0-71199-864-3 }} {{refend}} ==Further reading== * [[James Robert Baker|Baker, James Robert]]. ''Fuel-Injected Dreams'' New York: [[E.P. Dutton]] {{ISBN|0-452-25815-4}}; novel whose central character is reportedly based on Spector * Emerson, Ken. ''Always Magic in the Air: The Bomp and Brilliance of the Brill Building Era'' New York: [[Viking Press]] {{ISBN|0-670-03456-8}} * [[Tom Wolfe|Wolfe, Tom]]. "The First Tycoon of Teen"{{snd}}magazine article reprinted in Wolfe, ''[[The Kandy-Kolored Tangerine-Flake Streamline Baby]]'', {{ISBN|0-553-38058-3}}; and in ''[[Back to Mono]]'' liner notes ==External links== {{commonscat}} {{wikiquote}} * {{allmusic}} * {{Discogs artist}} * {{IMDb name|id=0817489}} * {{IMDb title | 1518821| The Agony and the Ecstasy of Phil Spector}} *[http://www.spectropop.com/PPS/index.htm Please Phil Spector], artists that have included references to Spector in their own works {{Phil Spector}} {{The Ronettes}} {{The Wrecking Crew}} {{1989 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Spector, Phil}} [[Category:Phil Spector| ]] [[Category:1939 births]] [[Category:2021 deaths]] [[Category:21st-century American criminals]] [[Category:Age controversies]] [[Category:American businesspeople convicted of crimes]] [[Category:American entertainment industry businesspeople]] [[Category:American male criminals]] [[Category:American people convicted of murder]] [[Category:American people of Russian-Jewish descent]] [[Category:American people who died in prison custody]] [[Category:Apple Records]] [[Category:Criminals from Los Angeles]] [[Category:Criminals from New York City]] [[Category:Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in California]] [[Category:Domestic violence in the United States]] [[Category:Fairfax High School (Los Angeles) alumni]] [[Category:Grammy Award winners]] [[Category:Jewish American songwriters]] [[Category:Male murderers]] [[Category:Musicians from the Bronx]] [[Category:People convicted of murder by California]] [[Category:People from Alhambra, California]] [[Category:People with bipolar disorder]] [[Category:Plastic Ono Band members]] [[Category:Record producers from California]] [[Category:Record producers from New York (state)]] [[Category:Songwriters from New York (state)]] [[Category:The Wrecking Crew (music) members]] [[Category:Prisoners who died in California detention]] [[Category:The Teddy Bears members]] [[Category:Prisoners who died from COVID-19]]'
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'@@ -2,27 +2,4 @@ {{pp-move-indef}} {{Use mdy dates|date=January 2022}} -{{Infobox musical artist -| image = Phil Spector in 1965.jpg -| caption = Spector in 1965 -| birth_name = Harvey Philip Spector<ref name="NYT2021">{{cite news |last=Grimes |first=William |title=Phil Spector, Famed Music Producer and Convicted Murderer, Dies at 81 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/17/arts/music/phil-spector-dead.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 17, 2021}}</ref> -| alias = Phil Harvey -| birth_date = {{birth date|1939|12|26}} -| birth_place = New York City, U.S.<!--Per WP:OVERLINK "The names of subjects with which most readers will be at least somewhat familiar," including locations with NYC as an example, do not typically need to be linked)--> -| death_date = {{death date and age|2021|1|16|1939|12|26|mf=y}} -| death_place = [[French Camp, California]], U.S. -| origin = Los Angeles, California, U.S. -| genre = {{hlist|[[Pop music|Pop]]|[[Rock music|rock]]|[[rhythm and blues|R&B]]}} -| occupation = {{hlist|Record producer|songwriter}} -| years_active = 1958–2009 -| label = {{hlist|[[Philles Records|Philles]]|[[Phi-Dan Records|Phi-Dan]]|[[Phil Spector International]]|[[Warner-Spector Records|Warner-Spector]]}} -| past_member_of = {{hlist|The Spectors Three|[[The Teddy Bears]]}} -| spouse = {{plainlist| -*{{marriage|Annette Merar|1963|1966|end=div}} -*{{marriage|[[Ronnie Spector|Ronnie Bennett]]|1968|1974|end=div}} -*{{marriage|Rachelle Short|2006|2018|end=div}} -}} -| partner = {{#ifexist:Janis Zavala|[[Janis Zavala]] (1980s)}} -| website = {{URL|philspector.com}} -}} '''Harvey Phillip Spector''' (December 26, 1939{{spnd}}January 16, 2021) was an American record producer and songwriter<!--- Do not add "convicted murderer" without talk page consensus. --->, best known for his innovative recording practices and entrepreneurship in the 1960s, followed decades later by his [[Murder of Lana Clarkson|two trials and conviction for murder]] in the 2000s. Spector developed the [[Wall of Sound]], a production style that is characterized for its diffusion of [[tone color]]s and dense orchestral sound, which he described as a "[[Richard Wagner|Wagnerian]]" approach to [[rock and roll]]. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in [[pop music]] history<ref name="Wood21"/><ref name="April 13, 2009">{{cite web|last=Spillius|first=Alex|title=Phil Spector guilty of murdering actress Lana Clarkson|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/phil-spector/5150524/Phil-Spector-guilty-of-murdering-actress-Lana-Clarkson.html|website=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|access-date=April 2, 2018|archive-date=February 11, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180211223611/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/phil-spector/5150524/Phil-Spector-guilty-of-murdering-actress-Lana-Clarkson.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and one of the most successful producers of the 1960s.{{sfn|Brown|2007|p=1}}<ref name="WallofSilence"/> '
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[ 0 => '{{Infobox musical artist', 1 => '| image = Phil Spector in 1965.jpg', 2 => '| caption = Spector in 1965', 3 => '| birth_name = Harvey Philip Spector<ref name="NYT2021">{{cite news |last=Grimes |first=William |title=Phil Spector, Famed Music Producer and Convicted Murderer, Dies at 81 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/17/arts/music/phil-spector-dead.html |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=January 17, 2021}}</ref>', 4 => '| alias = Phil Harvey', 5 => '| birth_date = {{birth date|1939|12|26}}', 6 => '| birth_place = New York City, U.S.<!--Per WP:OVERLINK "The names of subjects with which most readers will be at least somewhat familiar," including locations with NYC as an example, do not typically need to be linked)-->', 7 => '| death_date = {{death date and age|2021|1|16|1939|12|26|mf=y}}', 8 => '| death_place = [[French Camp, California]], U.S.', 9 => '| origin = Los Angeles, California, U.S.', 10 => '| genre = {{hlist|[[Pop music|Pop]]|[[Rock music|rock]]|[[rhythm and blues|R&B]]}}', 11 => '| occupation = {{hlist|Record producer|songwriter}}', 12 => '| years_active = 1958–2009', 13 => '| label = {{hlist|[[Philles Records|Philles]]|[[Phi-Dan Records|Phi-Dan]]|[[Phil Spector International]]|[[Warner-Spector Records|Warner-Spector]]}}', 14 => '| past_member_of = {{hlist|The Spectors Three|[[The Teddy Bears]]}}', 15 => '| spouse = {{plainlist|', 16 => '*{{marriage|Annette Merar|1963|1966|end=div}}', 17 => '*{{marriage|[[Ronnie Spector|Ronnie Bennett]]|1968|1974|end=div}}', 18 => '*{{marriage|Rachelle Short|2006|2018|end=div}}', 19 => '}}', 20 => '| partner = {{#ifexist:Janis Zavala|[[Janis Zavala]] (1980s)}}', 21 => '| website = {{URL|philspector.com}}', 22 => '}}' ]
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'<div class="mw-parser-output"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American record producer (1940–2021)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><p><b>Harvey Phillip Spector</b> (December 26, 1939&#160;&#8211;&#32;January 16, 2021) was an American record producer and songwriter, best known for his innovative recording practices and entrepreneurship in the 1960s, followed decades later by his <a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Lana_Clarkson" title="Murder of Lana Clarkson">two trials and conviction for murder</a> in the 2000s. Spector developed the <a href="/wiki/Wall_of_Sound" title="Wall of Sound">Wall of Sound</a>, a production style that is characterized for its diffusion of <a href="/wiki/Tone_color" class="mw-redirect" title="Tone color">tone colors</a> and dense orchestral sound, which he described as a "<a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Wagnerian</a>" approach to <a href="/wiki/Rock_and_roll" title="Rock and roll">rock and roll</a>. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential figures in <a href="/wiki/Pop_music" title="Pop music">pop music</a> history<sup id="cite_ref-Wood21_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wood21-1">&#91;1&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-April_13,_2009_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-April_13,_2009-2">&#91;2&#93;</a></sup> and one of the most successful producers of the 1960s.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown20071_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown20071-3">&#91;3&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WallofSilence_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WallofSilence-4">&#91;4&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>Born in <a href="/wiki/The_Bronx" title="The Bronx">the Bronx</a>, Spector moved to Los Angeles as a teenager and began his career in 1958 as a founding member of <a href="/wiki/The_Teddy_Bears" title="The Teddy Bears">the Teddy Bears</a>, for whom he penned "<a href="/wiki/To_Know_Him_Is_to_Love_Him" title="To Know Him Is to Love Him">To Know Him Is to Love Him</a>", a U.S. number-one hit. In 1960, after working as an apprentice to <a href="/wiki/Leiber_and_Stoller" class="mw-redirect" title="Leiber and Stoller">Leiber and Stoller</a>, Spector co-founded <a href="/wiki/Philles_Records" title="Philles Records">Philles Records</a>, and at the age of 21 became the youngest ever U.S. label owner to that point.<sup id="cite_ref-Brown03_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brown03-5">&#91;5&#93;</a></sup> Dubbed the "<a href="/wiki/Honorific_nicknames_in_popular_music" title="Honorific nicknames in popular music">First Tycoon of Teen</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams20035_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams20035-6">&#91;6&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">&#91;7&#93;</a></sup> Spector came to be considered the first <a href="/wiki/Auteur" title="Auteur">auteur</a> of the music industry for the unprecedented control he had over every phase of the recording process.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams200323_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams200323-8">&#91;8&#93;</a></sup> He produced acts such as <a href="/wiki/The_Ronettes" title="The Ronettes">the Ronettes</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Crystals" title="The Crystals">the Crystals</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ike_%26_Tina_Turner" title="Ike &amp; Tina Turner">Ike &amp; Tina Turner</a>, and typically collaborated with arranger <a href="/wiki/Jack_Nitzsche" title="Jack Nitzsche">Jack Nitzsche</a> and engineer <a href="/wiki/Larry_Levine" title="Larry Levine">Larry Levine</a>. The musicians from his <i>de facto</i> <a href="/wiki/House_band" title="House band">house band</a>, later known as "<a href="/wiki/The_Wrecking_Crew_(music)" title="The Wrecking Crew (music)">the Wrecking Crew</a>", rose to industry fame through his hit records. </p><p>In the early 1970s, Spector produced <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">the Beatles</a>' <i><a href="/wiki/Let_It_Be_(Beatles_album)" title="Let It Be (Beatles album)">Let It Be</a></i> and several solo records by <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon">John Lennon</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a>. By the mid-1970s Spector had produced eighteen U.S. Top 10 singles for various artists. His chart-toppers included <a href="/wiki/The_Righteous_Brothers" title="The Righteous Brothers">the Righteous Brothers</a>' "<a href="/wiki/You%27ve_Lost_That_Lovin%27_Feelin%27" title="You&#39;ve Lost That Lovin&#39; Feelin&#39;">You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'</a>", the Beatles' "<a href="/wiki/The_Long_and_Winding_Road" title="The Long and Winding Road">The Long and Winding Road</a>", and Harrison's "<a href="/wiki/My_Sweet_Lord" title="My Sweet Lord">My Sweet Lord</a>". Following one-off productions for <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Cohen" title="Leonard Cohen">Leonard Cohen</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Death_of_a_Ladies%27_Man_(album)" title="Death of a Ladies&#39; Man (album)">Death of a Ladies' Man</a></i>), <a href="/wiki/Dion_DiMucci" title="Dion DiMucci">Dion DiMucci</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Born_to_Be_with_You_(album)" title="Born to Be with You (album)">Born to Be with You</a></i>), and the <a href="/wiki/Ramones" title="Ramones">Ramones</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/End_of_the_Century" title="End of the Century">End of the Century</a></i>), Spector remained largely inactive amid a lifestyle of seclusion, drug use, and increasingly erratic behavior.<sup id="cite_ref-WallofSilence_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WallofSilence-4">&#91;4&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>Spector helped establish the role of the <a href="/wiki/Recording_studio_as_an_instrument" title="Recording studio as an instrument">studio as an instrument</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBannister200738_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBannister200738-9">&#91;9&#93;</a></sup> the integration of <a href="/wiki/Pop_art" title="Pop art">pop art</a> aesthetics into music (<a href="/wiki/Art_pop" title="Art pop">art pop</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-Holden_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holden-10">&#91;10&#93;</a></sup> and the genres of <a href="/wiki/Art_rock" title="Art rock">art rock</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams200325_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams200325-11">&#91;11&#93;</a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Dream_pop" title="Dream pop">dream pop</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-class_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-class-12">&#91;12&#93;</a></sup> His honors include the 1973 <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Album_of_the_Year" title="Grammy Award for Album of the Year">Grammy Award for Album of the Year</a> for co-producing Harrison's <i><a href="/wiki/The_Concert_for_Bangladesh_(album)" title="The Concert for Bangladesh (album)">Concert for Bangladesh</a></i>, a 1989 induction into the <a href="/wiki/Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame" title="Rock and Roll Hall of Fame">Rock and Roll Hall of Fame</a>, and a 1997 induction into the <a href="/wiki/Songwriters_Hall_of_Fame" title="Songwriters Hall of Fame">Songwriters Hall of Fame</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-13">&#91;13&#93;</a></sup> In 2004, Spector was ranked number 63 on <i><a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a></i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">&#39;</span>s list of the <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone%27s_100_Greatest_Artists_of_All_Time" title="Rolling Stone&#39;s 100 Greatest Artists of All Time">greatest artists in history</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">&#91;14&#93;</a></sup> In 2009, after two decades in semi-retirement,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">&#91;15&#93;</a></sup> he was convicted of the 2003 murder of actress <a href="/wiki/Lana_Clarkson" title="Lana Clarkson">Lana Clarkson</a> and sentenced to 19 years to life in prison. He died in prison in 2021. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Biography"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Biography</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#1939–1959:_Background_and_the_Teddy_Bears"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">1939–1959: Background and the Teddy Bears</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#1959–1962:_Early_production_work,_Philles_Records,_and_the_Crystals"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">1959–1962: Early production work, Philles Records, and the Crystals</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#1962–1965:_Bob_B._Soxx_&amp;_the_Blue_Jeans,_the_Ronettes,_and_the_Righteous_Brothers"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">1962–1965: Bob B. Soxx &amp; the Blue Jeans, the Ronettes, and the Righteous Brothers</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#1966–1969:_Ike_&amp;_Tina_Turner_and_hiatus"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">1966–1969: Ike &amp; Tina Turner and hiatus</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#1970–1973:_Comeback_and_Beatles_collaborations"><span class="tocnumber">1.5</span> <span class="toctext">1970–1973: Comeback and Beatles collaborations</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#1974–1980:_Near-fatal_accident,_Warner-Spector_Records,_Leonard_Cohen,_and_the_Ramones"><span class="tocnumber">1.6</span> <span class="toctext">1974–1980: Near-fatal accident, Warner-Spector Records, Leonard Cohen, and the Ramones</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#1981–2003:_Inactivity"><span class="tocnumber">1.7</span> <span class="toctext">1981–2003: Inactivity</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#2003–2021:_Clarkson_murder_and_imprisonment"><span class="tocnumber">1.8</span> <span class="toctext">2003–2021: Clarkson murder and imprisonment</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#Musicianship"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Musicianship</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#Legacy_and_influence"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Legacy and influence</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#Personal_life"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Personal life</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#Relationships_and_children"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Relationships and children</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="#Health,_illness,_and_death"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Health, illness, and death</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="#In_popular_culture"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">In popular culture</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="#Discography"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Discography</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="#Awards"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Awards</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><a href="#Bibliography"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Bibliography</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><a href="#Further_reading"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">Further reading</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Biography">Biography</span></h2> <h3><span id="1939.E2.80.931959:_Background_and_the_Teddy_Bears"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="1939–1959:_Background_and_the_Teddy_Bears">1939–1959: Background and the Teddy Bears</span></h3> <p>Harvey Philip Spector was born on December 26, 1939.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson200410_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson200410-16">&#91;16&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">&#91;nb 1&#93;</a></sup> He later added a second "l" to his middle name, which he preferred over "Harvey".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200714,_19_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200714,_19-19">&#91;18&#93;</a></sup> His parents were Benjamin (1903–1949)<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">&#91;19&#93;</a></sup> and Bertha (1911–1995)<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">&#91;20&#93;</a></sup> Spector, a first-generation immigrant <a href="/wiki/Russian-Jewish" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian-Jewish">Russian-Jewish</a> family in <a href="/wiki/The_Bronx" title="The Bronx">the Bronx</a>, New York City.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200712–14_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200712–14-22">&#91;21&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams200327_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams200327-23">&#91;22&#93;</a></sup> Bertha had been born in France to Russian migrants George and Clara Spektor, who brought her to America in 1911 aged 9 months,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200714_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200714-17">&#91;17&#93;</a></sup> while Benjamin was born as Baruch (later changed to Benjamin) in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> to George and Bessie Spektus or Spektres, and brought to America by his parents in 1913 aged 10.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200713_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200713-24">&#91;23&#93;</a></sup> Both families <a href="/wiki/Anglicized" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglicized">anglicized</a> their last names to "Spector" on their <a href="/wiki/Naturalization_Act_of_1906" title="Naturalization Act of 1906">naturalization papers</a>, both of which were witnessed by the same man, Isidore Spector.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200714_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200714-17">&#91;17&#93;</a></sup> The similarities in name and background of the grandfathers led Spector to believe that his parents were first cousins. He had a sister named Shirley, who was six years his senior; she died in 2004 in <a href="/wiki/Hemet,_California" title="Hemet, California">Hemet, California</a>, at the age of 70.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200712_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200712-25">&#91;24&#93;</a></sup> </p> <div class="thumb tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:172px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Phil_Spector_Fairfax.jpg" class="image"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Phil_Spector_Fairfax.jpg/170px-Phil_Spector_Fairfax.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="223" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Phil_Spector_Fairfax.jpg/255px-Phil_Spector_Fairfax.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Phil_Spector_Fairfax.jpg/340px-Phil_Spector_Fairfax.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="1180" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Phil_Spector_Fairfax.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Spector's <a href="/wiki/Fairfax_High_School_(Los_Angeles)" title="Fairfax High School (Los Angeles)">Fairfax High School</a> yearbook photo 1957</div></div></div> <p>In April 1949, Spector's father, who was deeply in debt, committed suicide; on his gravestone were inscribed the words "Ben Spector. Father. Husband. To Know Him Was To Love Him".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson200412_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson200412-26">&#91;25&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200717_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200717-27">&#91;26&#93;</a></sup> In 1953, Spector's mother moved the family to Los Angeles where she found work as a seamstress.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson200413_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson200413-28">&#91;27&#93;</a></sup> Spector attended John Burroughs Junior High School (now John Burroughs Middle School) on Wilshire Boulevard, then in 1954 attended <a href="/wiki/Fairfax_High_School_(Los_Angeles)" title="Fairfax High School (Los Angeles)">Fairfax High School</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200719_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200719-29">&#91;28&#93;</a></sup> Having learned to play guitar, Spector performed "<a href="/wiki/Rock_Island_Line" title="Rock Island Line">Rock Island Line</a>" in a talent show at Fairfax High.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson200528_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson200528-30">&#91;29&#93;</a></sup> He joined a loose-knit community of aspiring musicians, including <a href="/wiki/Lou_Adler" title="Lou Adler">Lou Adler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Johnston" title="Bruce Johnston">Bruce Johnston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Douglas_(saxophonist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Steve Douglas (saxophonist)">Steve Douglas</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sandy_Nelson" title="Sandy Nelson">Sandy Nelson</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-virgin_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-virgin-31">&#91;30&#93;</a></sup> Spector formed a group, <a href="/wiki/The_Teddy_Bears" title="The Teddy Bears">the Teddy Bears</a>, with Nelson and three other friends, <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Leib" title="Marshall Leib">Marshall Leib</a>, Harvey Goldstein and <a href="/wiki/Carol_Connors_(singer)" title="Carol Connors (singer)">Annette Kleinbard</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200737_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200737-32">&#91;31&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson200426_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson200426-33">&#91;32&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>During this period, record producer Stan Ross—co-owner of <a href="/wiki/Gold_Star_Studios" title="Gold Star Studios">Gold Star Studios</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hollywood,_Los_Angeles" title="Hollywood, Los Angeles">Hollywood</a>—began to tutor Spector in record production and exerted a major influence on Spector's production style. In 1958, the Teddy Bears recorded the Spector-penned "<a href="/wiki/Don%27t_You_Worry_My_Little_Pet" title="Don&#39;t You Worry My Little Pet">Don't You Worry My Little Pet</a>", and then signed a two to three singles recording deal with <a href="/wiki/Era_Records" title="Era Records">Era Records</a>, with the promise of more if the singles did well.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200737_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200737-32">&#91;31&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson200426_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson200426-33">&#91;32&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>At their next session, they recorded another song Spector had written—this one inspired by the <a href="/wiki/Epitaph" title="Epitaph">epitaph</a> on Spector's father's tombstone. Released on <a href="/wiki/Era_Records" title="Era Records">Era's</a> subsidiary label, Dore Records, "<a href="/wiki/To_Know_Him_Is_to_Love_Him" title="To Know Him Is to Love Him">To Know Him Is to Love Him</a>" reached number one on <i><a href="/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100" title="Billboard Hot 100"><i>Billboard</i> Hot 100</a></i> singles chart on December 1, 1958, selling over a million copies by year's end.<sup id="cite_ref-bronson1992-46_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bronson1992-46-34">&#91;33&#93;</a></sup> Following the success of their debut, the group signed with <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Records" title="Imperial Records">Imperial Records</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200744,_48_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200744,_48-35">&#91;34&#93;</a></sup> Their next single, "I Don't Need You Anymore", reached number 91. They released several more recordings, including an album, <i>The Teddy Bears Sing!</i>, but failed to reach the top 100 in US sales. The group disbanded in 1959.<sup id="cite_ref-bronson1992-46_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bronson1992-46-34">&#91;33&#93;</a></sup> </p> <h3><span id="1959.E2.80.931962:_Early_production_work.2C_Philles_Records.2C_and_the_Crystals"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="1959–1962:_Early_production_work,_Philles_Records,_and_the_Crystals">1959–1962: Early production work, Philles Records, and the Crystals</span></h3> <p>While recording the Teddy Bears' album, Spector met <a href="/wiki/Lester_Sill" title="Lester Sill">Lester Sill</a>, a former promotion man who was a mentor to <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Leiber_and_Mike_Stoller" title="Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller">Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200755_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200755-36">&#91;35&#93;</a></sup> Sill and his partner, <a href="/wiki/Lee_Hazlewood" title="Lee Hazlewood">Lee Hazlewood</a> supported Spector's next project, the Spectors Three.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> In 1960, Sill arranged for Spector to work as an apprentice to Leiber and Stoller in New York.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200755_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200755-36">&#91;35&#93;</a></sup> Spector co-wrote the <a href="/wiki/Ben_E._King" title="Ben E. King">Ben E. King</a> Top 10 hit "<a href="/wiki/Spanish_Harlem_(song)" title="Spanish Harlem (song)">Spanish Harlem</a>" with Leiber and also worked as a session musician, playing the guitar solo on <a href="/wiki/The_Drifters" title="The Drifters">the Drifters</a>' song "<a href="/wiki/On_Broadway_(song)" title="On Broadway (song)">On Broadway</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson200558,_98_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson200558,_98-37">&#91;36&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>Spector's first true recording artist and project as producer was Ronnie Crawford.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> Spector's production work during this time included releases by <a href="/wiki/LaVern_Baker" title="LaVern Baker">LaVern Baker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ruth_Brown" title="Ruth Brown">Ruth Brown</a>, and Billy Storm, as well as the Top Notes' original recording of "<a href="/wiki/Twist_and_Shout" title="Twist and Shout">Twist and Shout</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERibowsky200686–88_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERibowsky200686–88-38">&#91;37&#93;</a></sup> Leiber and Stoller recommended Spector to produce <a href="/wiki/Ray_Peterson" title="Ray Peterson">Ray Peterson</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Corrine,_Corrina" title="Corrine, Corrina">Corrine, Corrina</a>", which reached number 9 in January 1961. Later, he produced another major hit for <a href="/wiki/Curtis_Lee" title="Curtis Lee">Curtis Lee</a>, "Pretty Little Angel Eyes", which made it to number 7. Returning to Hollywood, Spector agreed to produce one of Sill's acts. After both <a href="/wiki/Liberty_Records" title="Liberty Records">Liberty Records</a> and <a href="/wiki/Capitol_Records" title="Capitol Records">Capitol Records</a> turned down the master of "Be My Boy" by <a href="/wiki/The_Paris_Sisters" title="The Paris Sisters">the Paris Sisters</a>, Sill formed a new label, <a href="/wiki/Gregmark_Records" title="Gregmark Records">Gregmark Records</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Lee_Hazlewood" title="Lee Hazlewood">Lee Hazlewood</a>, and released it. It reached only number 56, but the follow-up, "<a href="/wiki/I_Love_How_You_Love_Me" title="I Love How You Love Me">I Love How You Love Me</a>", was a hit, reaching number 5.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39">&#91;38&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>In late 1961, Spector formed a record company with Sill, who by this time had ended his business partnership with Hazlewood. <a href="/wiki/Philles_Records" title="Philles Records">Philles Records</a> combined the first names of its two founders.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200786_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200786-40">&#91;39&#93;</a></sup> Through Hill and Range Publishers, Spector found three groups he wanted to produce: the Ducanes, the Creations, and <a href="/wiki/The_Crystals" title="The Crystals">the Crystals</a>. The first two signed with other companies, but Spector managed to secure the Crystals for his new label. Their first single, "<a href="/wiki/There%27s_No_Other_(Like_My_Baby)" title="There&#39;s No Other (Like My Baby)">There's No Other (Like My Baby)</a>" was a success, hitting number 20. Their next release, "Uptown", made it to number 13.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitburn_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitburn-41">&#91;40&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>Spector continued to work freelance with other artists. In 1962, he produced "Second Hand Love" by <a href="/wiki/Connie_Francis" title="Connie Francis">Connie Francis</a>, which reached No. 7.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson200579_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson200579-42">&#91;41&#93;</a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ahmet_Ertegun" title="Ahmet Ertegun">Ahmet Ertegun</a> of Atlantic paired Spector with future <a href="/wiki/Broadway_theatre" title="Broadway theatre">Broadway</a> star <a href="/wiki/Jean_DuShon" title="Jean DuShon">Jean DuShon</a> for "Talk to Me", the <a href="/wiki/A-side_and_B-side" title="A-side and B-side">B-side</a> of which was "Tired of Trying", written by DuShon.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> </p> <h3><span id="1962.E2.80.931965:_Bob_B._Soxx_.26_the_Blue_Jeans.2C_the_Ronettes.2C_and_the_Righteous_Brothers"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="1962–1965:_Bob_B._Soxx_&amp;_the_Blue_Jeans,_the_Ronettes,_and_the_Righteous_Brothers">1962–1965: Bob B. Soxx &amp; the Blue Jeans, the Ronettes, and the Righteous Brothers</span></h3> <p>In 1962, Spector briefly took a job as an <a href="/wiki/A%26R" class="mw-redirect" title="A&amp;R">A&amp;R</a> producer for Liberty Records.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43">&#91;42&#93;</a></sup> It was while working at Liberty that he heard a song written by <a href="/wiki/Gene_Pitney" title="Gene Pitney">Gene Pitney</a>, for whom he had produced a number 41 hit, "Every Breath I Take", a year earlier. "<a href="/wiki/He%27s_a_Rebel" title="He&#39;s a Rebel">He's a Rebel</a>" was due to be released on Liberty by <a href="/wiki/Vikki_Carr" title="Vikki Carr">Vikki Carr</a>, but Spector rushed into Gold Star Studios and recorded a cover version using <a href="/wiki/Darlene_Love" title="Darlene Love">Darlene Love</a> and the Blossoms on lead vocals. The record was released on Philles, attributed to the Crystals, and quickly rose to the top of the charts. </p> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Ronettes_1966.JPG" class="image"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/The_Ronettes_1966.JPG/220px-The_Ronettes_1966.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/The_Ronettes_1966.JPG/330px-The_Ronettes_1966.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/The_Ronettes_1966.JPG/440px-The_Ronettes_1966.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1600" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Ronettes_1966.JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div><a href="/wiki/The_Ronettes" title="The Ronettes">The Ronettes</a>, 1966. Spector married frontwoman <a href="/wiki/Ronnie_Spector" title="Ronnie Spector">Veronica Bennett</a> (known as Ronnie, center) in 1968.</div></div></div> <p>By the time "He's a Rebel" went to number 1, Lester Sill was out of the company, and Spector had Philles all to himself. He created a new act, <a href="/wiki/Bob_B._Soxx_%26_the_Blue_Jeans" title="Bob B. Soxx &amp; the Blue Jeans">Bob B. Soxx &amp; the Blue Jeans</a>, featuring Darlene Love, Fanita James (a member of the Blossoms), and Bobby Sheen, a singer he had worked with at Liberty. The group had hits with "<a href="/wiki/Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah" title="Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah">Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah</a>" (number 8), "<a href="/wiki/Why_Do_Lovers_Break_Each_Other%27s_Heart" title="Why Do Lovers Break Each Other&#39;s Heart">Why Do Lovers Break Each Other's Heart</a>" (number 38), and "<a href="/wiki/Not_Too_Young_to_Get_Married" title="Not Too Young to Get Married">Not Too Young to Get Married</a>" (number 63). Spector also released solo material by Darlene Love in 1963. In the same year, he released "<a href="/wiki/Be_My_Baby" title="Be My Baby">Be My Baby</a>" by <a href="/wiki/The_Ronettes" title="The Ronettes">the Ronettes</a>, which went to number 2. </p><p>The first time Spector put the same amount of effort into an LP as he did into <a href="/wiki/Gramophone_record" class="mw-redirect" title="Gramophone record">45s</a> was when he utilized the full Philles roster and the Wrecking Crew to make what he felt would become a hit for the 1963 Christmas season. <i><a href="/wiki/A_Christmas_Gift_for_You_from_Philles_Records" class="mw-redirect" title="A Christmas Gift for You from Philles Records">A Christmas Gift for You from Philles Records</a></i> was released a few days after the <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_assassination" class="mw-redirect" title="John F. Kennedy assassination">assassination of President Kennedy</a> in November 1963.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44">&#91;43&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>On September 28, 1963, the Ronettes appeared at the <a href="/wiki/Cow_Palace" title="Cow Palace">Cow Palace</a>, near San Francisco. Also on the bill were the <a href="/wiki/The_Righteous_Brothers" title="The Righteous Brothers">Righteous Brothers</a>. Spector, who was conducting the band for all the acts, was so impressed with <a href="/wiki/Bill_Medley" title="Bill Medley">Bill Medley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Hatfield" title="Bobby Hatfield">Bobby Hatfield</a> that he bought their contract from <a href="/wiki/Moonglow_Records" title="Moonglow Records">Moonglow Records</a> and signed them to Philles. In early 1965, "<a href="/wiki/You%27ve_Lost_That_Lovin%27_Feelin%27" title="You&#39;ve Lost That Lovin&#39; Feelin&#39;">You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'</a>" became the label's second number 1 single. Three more major hits with the duo followed: "<a href="/wiki/Just_Once_in_My_Life" title="Just Once in My Life">Just Once in My Life</a>" (number 9), "<a href="/wiki/Unchained_Melody" title="Unchained Melody">Unchained Melody</a>" (number 4, originally the B-side of "Hung on You"), and "<a href="/wiki/Ebb_Tide_(song)" title="Ebb Tide (song)">Ebb Tide</a>" (number 5). Despite having hits, he lost interest in producing the Righteous Brothers and sold their contract and all their master recordings to <a href="/wiki/Verve_Records" title="Verve Records">Verve Records</a>. However, the sound of the Righteous Brothers' singles was so distinctive that the act chose to replicate it after leaving Spector, notching a second number 1 hit in 1966 with the <a href="/wiki/Bill_Medley" title="Bill Medley">Bill Medley</a>–produced "<a href="/wiki/(You%27re_My)_Soul_and_Inspiration" title="(You&#39;re My) Soul and Inspiration">(You're My) Soul and Inspiration</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45">&#91;44&#93;</a></sup> </p> <div class="thumb tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:152px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Phil_Spector.jpg" class="image"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Phil_Spector.jpg/150px-Phil_Spector.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="230" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Phil_Spector.jpg/225px-Phil_Spector.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Phil_Spector.jpg 2x" data-file-width="239" data-file-height="367" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Phil_Spector.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Spector, 1965</div></div></div> <p>During this period, Spector formed another subsidiary label, <a href="/wiki/Phi-Dan_Records" title="Phi-Dan Records">Phi-Dan Records</a>, partly created to keep <a href="/wiki/Promoter_(entertainment)" title="Promoter (entertainment)">promoter</a> Danny Davis occupied. The label released singles by artists including <a href="/wiki/Betty_Willis_(singer)" title="Betty Willis (singer)">Betty Willis</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Lovelites" title="The Lovelites">the Lovelites</a>, and <a href="/wiki/The_Ikettes" title="The Ikettes">the Ikettes</a>. None of the recordings on Phi-Dan were produced by Spector.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown2007184_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown2007184-46">&#91;45&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>The recording of "<a href="/wiki/Unchained_Melody" title="Unchained Melody">Unchained Melody</a>", credited on some releases as a Spector production although Medley has consistently said he produced it originally as an album track,<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47">&#91;46&#93;</a></sup> had a second wave of popularity 25 years after its initial release, when it was featured prominently in the 1990 hit movie <i><a href="/wiki/Ghost_(1990_film)" title="Ghost (1990 film)">Ghost</a></i>. A re-release of the single re-charted on the <i><a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100" title="Billboard Hot 100">Hot 100</a>, and went to number one on the <a href="/wiki/Hot_Adult_Top_40_Tracks" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot Adult Top 40 Tracks">Adult Contemporary charts</a>. This also put Spector back on the U.S. Top 40 charts for the first time since his last appearance in 1971 with <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon">John Lennon</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Imagine_(John_Lennon_song)" title="Imagine (John Lennon song)">Imagine</a>", though he did have UK top 40 hits in the interim with the <a href="/wiki/Ramones" title="Ramones">Ramones</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48">&#91;47&#93;</a></sup> </p> <h3><span id="1966.E2.80.931969:_Ike_.26_Tina_Turner_and_hiatus"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="1966–1969:_Ike_&amp;_Tina_Turner_and_hiatus">1966–1969: Ike &amp; Tina Turner and hiatus</span></h3> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Phil_Spector_with_MFQ_1965.png" class="image"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Phil_Spector_with_MFQ_1965.png/220px-Phil_Spector_with_MFQ_1965.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Phil_Spector_with_MFQ_1965.png/330px-Phil_Spector_with_MFQ_1965.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Phil_Spector_with_MFQ_1965.png/440px-Phil_Spector_with_MFQ_1965.png 2x" data-file-width="663" data-file-height="508" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Phil_Spector_with_MFQ_1965.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Spector with <a href="/wiki/Modern_Folk_Quartet" title="Modern Folk Quartet">Modern Folk Quartet</a>, for whom he produced "<a href="/wiki/This_Could_Be_the_Night_(1966_song)" title="This Could Be the Night (1966 song)">This Could Be the Night</a>" in 1966</div></div></div> <p>Spector's final signing to Philles was the husband-and-wife team of <a href="/wiki/Ike_%26_Tina_Turner" title="Ike &amp; Tina Turner">Ike &amp; Tina Turner</a> in April 1966.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49">&#91;48&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50">&#91;49&#93;</a></sup> Spector considered their single "<a href="/wiki/River_Deep_%E2%80%93_Mountain_High" title="River Deep – Mountain High">River Deep – Mountain High</a>" his best work,<sup id="cite_ref-pc21_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pc21-51">&#91;50&#93;</a></sup> but it failed to reach any higher than number 88 in the United States. The record, which actually featured <a href="/wiki/Tina_Turner" title="Tina Turner">Tina Turner</a> without <a href="/wiki/Ike_Turner" title="Ike Turner">Ike Turner</a>, was successful in Britain, reaching number 3. </p><p>Spector released another single by Ike &amp; Tina Turner, "<a href="/wiki/I%27ll_Never_Need_More_Than_This" title="I&#39;ll Never Need More Than This">I'll Never Need More Than This</a>", while negotiating a deal to move Philles to <a href="/wiki/A%26M_Records" title="A&amp;M Records">A&amp;M Records</a> in 1967.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52">&#91;51&#93;</a></sup> The deal did not materialize,<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53">&#91;52&#93;</a></sup> and Spector subsequently lost enthusiasm for his label and the recording industry. Already something of a <a href="/wiki/Recluse" title="Recluse">recluse</a>, he withdrew temporarily from the public eye, marrying <a href="/wiki/Ronnie_Spector" title="Ronnie Spector">Veronica "Ronnie" Bennett</a>, lead singer of the Ronettes, in 1968. Spector emerged briefly for a cameo as himself in an episode of <i><a href="/wiki/I_Dream_of_Jeannie" title="I Dream of Jeannie">I Dream of Jeannie</a></i> (1967) and as a drug dealer in the film <i><a href="/wiki/Easy_Rider" title="Easy Rider">Easy Rider</a></i> (1969).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2003128–137_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams2003128–137-54">&#91;53&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>In 1969, Spector made a brief return to the music business by signing a production deal with <a href="/wiki/A%26M_Records" title="A&amp;M Records">A&amp;M Records</a>. A Ronettes single, "You Came, You Saw, You Conquered" flopped, but Spector returned to the Hot 100 with "<a href="/wiki/Black_Pearl_(Checkmates,_Ltd._song)" title="Black Pearl (Checkmates, Ltd. song)">Black Pearl</a>", by <a href="/wiki/Sonny_Charles" title="Sonny Charles">Sonny Charles</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Checkmates,_Ltd." title="Checkmates, Ltd.">Checkmates, Ltd.</a>, which reached number 13.<sup id="cite_ref-Thompson2010a_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thompson2010a-55">&#91;54&#93;</a></sup> </p> <h3><span id="1970.E2.80.931973:_Comeback_and_Beatles_collaborations"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="1970–1973:_Comeback_and_Beatles_collaborations">1970–1973: Comeback and Beatles collaborations</span></h3> <p>In early 1970, <a href="/wiki/Allen_Klein" title="Allen Klein">Allen Klein</a>, the new manager of <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">the Beatles</a>, brought Spector to England.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchaffner1978137_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchaffner1978137-56">&#91;55&#93;</a></sup> After impressing with his production of <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon">John Lennon</a>'s solo single "<a href="/wiki/Instant_Karma!" title="Instant Karma!">Instant Karma!</a>", which went to number 3,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERibowsky2006252_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERibowsky2006252-57">&#91;56&#93;</a></sup> Spector was invited by Lennon and <a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a> to take on the task of turning the Beatles' abandoned <i><a href="/wiki/Let_It_Be_(Beatles_album)" title="Let It Be (Beatles album)">Let It Be</a></i> recording sessions into a usable album.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHamelman2009136–37_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHamelman2009136–37-58">&#91;57&#93;</a></sup> He went to work using many of his production techniques, making significant changes to the arrangements and sound of some songs.<sup id="cite_ref-kreps_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kreps-59">&#91;58&#93;</a></sup> Released a month after the Beatles' break-up, the album topped the U.S. and UK charts. It also yielded the number 1 U.S. single "<a href="/wiki/The_Long_and_Winding_Road" title="The Long and Winding Road">The Long and Winding Road</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown2007254–55_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown2007254–55-60">&#91;59&#93;</a></sup> Spector's overdubbing of "The Long and Winding Road" infuriated its composer, <a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney" title="Paul McCartney">Paul McCartney</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-kreps_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kreps-59">&#91;58&#93;</a></sup> Several music critics also maligned Spector's work on <i>Let It Be</i>; he later attributed this partly to resentment that an American producer appeared to be "taking over" such a popular English band.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown2007254–55_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown2007254–55-60">&#91;59&#93;</a></sup> Lennon defended Spector, telling <a href="/wiki/Jann_Wenner" title="Jann Wenner">Jann Wenner</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a></i>: "he was given the shittiest load of badly recorded shit, with a lousy feeling toward it, ever. And he made something out of it. He did a great job."<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61">&#91;60&#93;</a></sup> </p> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:152px;"><a href="/wiki/File:George_Harrison-What_Is_Life%2BApple_Scruffs.png" class="image"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/George_Harrison-What_Is_Life%2BApple_Scruffs.png/150px-George_Harrison-What_Is_Life%2BApple_Scruffs.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="204" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/George_Harrison-What_Is_Life%2BApple_Scruffs.png/225px-George_Harrison-What_Is_Life%2BApple_Scruffs.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/George_Harrison-What_Is_Life%2BApple_Scruffs.png/300px-George_Harrison-What_Is_Life%2BApple_Scruffs.png 2x" data-file-width="995" data-file-height="1353" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:George_Harrison-What_Is_Life%2BApple_Scruffs.png" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Trade ad for <a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/What_Is_Life" title="What Is Life">What Is Life</a>" single</div></div></div> <p>For Harrison's multiplatinum album <i><a href="/wiki/All_Things_Must_Pass" title="All Things Must Pass">All Things Must Pass</a></i> (number 1, 1970), Spector helped provide a symphonic ambience,<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62">&#91;61&#93;</a></sup> although his health issues meant that after recording the basic tracks, he was absent from the project until the mixing stage.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMadingerEaster2000427_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMadingerEaster2000427-63">&#91;62&#93;</a></sup> <i>Rolling Stone</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">&#39;</span>s reviewer lauded the album's sound, calling it "<a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Wagnerian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anton_Bruckner" title="Anton Bruckner">Brucknerian</a>, the music of mountain tops and vast horizons".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchaffner1978142_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchaffner1978142-64">&#91;63&#93;</a></sup> The triple LP yielded two major hits:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrontani2009157–58_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrontani2009157–58-65">&#91;64&#93;</a></sup> "<a href="/wiki/My_Sweet_Lord" title="My Sweet Lord">My Sweet Lord</a>" (number 1) and "<a href="/wiki/What_Is_Life" title="What Is Life">What Is Life</a>" (number 10). That same year, Spector co-produced Lennon's <i><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon/Plastic_Ono_Band" title="John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band">Plastic Ono Band</a></i> (number 6), a stark-sounding album devoid of any Wall of Sound extravagance.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERibowsky2006256_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERibowsky2006256-66">&#91;65&#93;</a></sup> Through Harrison, he also produced the debut single by <a href="/wiki/Derek_and_the_Dominos" title="Derek and the Dominos">Derek and the Dominos</a>, "<a href="/wiki/Tell_the_Truth_(song)" title="Tell the Truth (song)">Tell the Truth</a>", but the band disliked the sound and had the record withdrawn.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERibowsky2006257_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERibowsky2006257-67">&#91;66&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>Spector was made head of A&amp;R for <a href="/wiki/Apple_Records" title="Apple Records">Apple Records</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERibowsky2006256_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERibowsky2006256-66">&#91;65&#93;</a></sup> He held the post for only a year, during which he co-produced Lennon's 1971 single "<a href="/wiki/Power_to_the_People_(song)" title="Power to the People (song)">Power to the People</a>" (number 11) and his chart-topping album <i><a href="/wiki/Imagine_(John_Lennon_album)" title="Imagine (John Lennon album)">Imagine</a></i>. The album's <a href="/wiki/Imagine_(John_Lennon_song)" title="Imagine (John Lennon song)">title track</a> hit number 3. With Harrison, Spector co-produced Harrison's "<a href="/wiki/Bangla_Desh_(song)" title="Bangla Desh (song)">Bangla Desh</a>" (number 23)—rock's first <a href="/wiki/Charity_single" class="mw-redirect" title="Charity single">charity single</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrontani2009158–59_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrontani2009158–59-68">&#91;67&#93;</a></sup>—and wife Ronnie Spector's "<a href="/wiki/Try_Some,_Buy_Some" title="Try Some, Buy Some">Try Some, Buy Some</a>" (number 77).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpizer2005342_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpizer2005342-69">&#91;68&#93;</a></sup> The latter was recorded for Ronnie's intended solo album on Apple Records, a project that stalled due to the same erratic, alcohol-fueled behavior from Spector that had hindered work on <i>All Things Must Pass</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpizer2005342_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpizer2005342-69">&#91;68&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMadingerEaster2000427,_434_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMadingerEaster2000427,_434-70">&#91;69&#93;</a></sup> Spector was convinced that the Harrison-written single would be a major hit,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2003162_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams2003162-71">&#91;70&#93;</a></sup> and its poor commercial performance was one of the biggest disappointments of his career.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchaffner1978160_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchaffner1978160-72">&#91;71&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75">&#91;nb 2&#93;</a></sup> </p> <div class="thumb tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:152px;"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Lennon_Imagine_1971.jpg" class="image"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/John_Lennon_Imagine_1971.jpg/150px-John_Lennon_Imagine_1971.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="188" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/John_Lennon_Imagine_1971.jpg/225px-John_Lennon_Imagine_1971.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/John_Lennon_Imagine_1971.jpg/300px-John_Lennon_Imagine_1971.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="800" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Lennon_Imagine_1971.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>1971 <i><a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a></i> ad for <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon">John Lennon</a>'s album <i><a href="/wiki/Imagine_(John_Lennon_album)" title="Imagine (John Lennon album)">Imagine</a></i></div></div></div> <p>That same year Spector oversaw the live recording of the Harrison-organized <a href="/wiki/Concert_for_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Concert for Bangladesh">Concert for Bangladesh</a> shows in New York City, which resulted in the number 1 triple album <i><a href="/wiki/The_Concert_for_Bangladesh_(album)" title="The Concert for Bangladesh (album)">The Concert for Bangladesh</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2003163_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams2003163-76">&#91;74&#93;</a></sup> The album won the "Album of the Year" award at the 1973 <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Awards" title="Grammy Awards">Grammys</a>. Despite being recorded live, Spector used up to 44 microphones simultaneously to create his trademark Wall of Sound.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77">&#91;75&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78">&#91;76&#93;</a></sup> Following Harrison's death in 2001, Spector said that the most creative period of his career was when he worked with Lennon and Harrison in the early 1970s, and he believed that this was true of Lennon and Harrison also, despite their achievements with the Beatles.<sup id="cite_ref-Kubernik/MusicConnection_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kubernik/MusicConnection-79">&#91;77&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>Lennon retained Spector for the 1971 Christmas single "<a href="/wiki/Happy_Xmas_(War_Is_Over)" title="Happy Xmas (War Is Over)">Happy Xmas (War Is Over)</a>" and the poorly reviewed 1972 album <i><a href="/wiki/Some_Time_in_New_York_City" title="Some Time in New York City">Some Time in New York City</a></i> (number 48), both collaborations with <a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono" title="Yoko Ono">Yoko Ono</a>. In late 1972, Apple reissued Spector's <i>A Christmas Gift for You from Philles Records</i> (as <i>Phil Spector's Christmas Album</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpizer2005342_69-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpizer2005342-69">&#91;68&#93;</a></sup> bringing the recordings the commercial success and critical recognition that had originally eluded the 1963 release.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2003166_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams2003166-80">&#91;78&#93;</a></sup> Lennon and Ono's "Happy Xmas" single similarly stalled in sales upon its initial release, but later became a fixture on radio station playlists around Christmas.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpizer200562_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpizer200562-81">&#91;79&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>Harrison and Spector started work on Harrison's <i><a href="/wiki/Living_in_the_Material_World" title="Living in the Material World">Living in the Material World</a></i> album in October 1972, but Spector's unreliability soon led to Harrison dismissing him from the project.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpizer2005254_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpizer2005254-82">&#91;80&#93;</a></sup> Harrison recalled having to climb down into Spector's central London hotel room from the roof to get him to attend the sessions, and that his co-producer would then need "eighteen cherry brandies before he could get himself down to the studio".<sup id="cite_ref-White/Musician_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-White/Musician-83">&#91;81&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84">&#91;nb 3&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>In late 1973, Spector produced the initial recording sessions for what became Lennon's 1975 covers album <i><a href="/wiki/Rock_%27n%27_Roll_(John_Lennon_album)" title="Rock &#39;n&#39; Roll (John Lennon album)">Rock 'n' Roll</a></i> (number 6).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchaffner1978175,_195_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchaffner1978175,_195-85">&#91;82&#93;</a></sup> The sessions were held in Los Angeles, with Lennon allowing Spector free rein as producer for the first time,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchaffner1978175_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchaffner1978175-86">&#91;83&#93;</a></sup> but were characterized by substance abuse and chaotic arrangements.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDoggett2011210–11_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDoggett2011210–11-87">&#91;84&#93;</a></sup> Amid the party atmosphere, Spector brandished his handguns and at one point fired a shot while Lennon was recording.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMadingerEaster200090_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMadingerEaster200090-88">&#91;85&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90">&#91;nb 4&#93;</a></sup> In December, Lennon and Spector abandoned the collaboration.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMadingerEaster200091_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMadingerEaster200091-91">&#91;87&#93;</a></sup> Since the studio time had been booked by his production company, Spector withheld the tapes until June the following year, when Lennon reimbursed him through <a href="/wiki/Capitol_Records" title="Capitol Records">Capitol Records</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpizer200598_89-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpizer200598-89">&#91;86&#93;</a></sup> </p> <h3><span id="1974.E2.80.931980:_Near-fatal_accident.2C_Warner-Spector_Records.2C_Leonard_Cohen.2C_and_the_Ramones"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="1974–1980:_Near-fatal_accident,_Warner-Spector_Records,_Leonard_Cohen,_and_the_Ramones">1974–1980: Near-fatal accident, Warner-Spector Records, Leonard Cohen, and the Ramones</span></h3> <p>As the 1970s progressed, Spector became increasingly reclusive. The most probable and significant reason for his withdrawal, according to biographer <a href="/wiki/Dave_Thompson_(author)" title="Dave Thompson (author)">Dave Thompson</a>, was that in 1974 he was seriously injured when he was thrown through the windshield of his car in a crash in <a href="/wiki/Hollywood,_Los_Angeles" title="Hollywood, Los Angeles">Hollywood</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92">&#91;88&#93;</a></sup> Spector was almost killed, and it was only because the attending police officer detected a faint pulse that Spector was not declared dead at the scene. He was admitted to the <a href="/wiki/UCLA_Medical_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="UCLA Medical Center">UCLA Medical Center</a> on the night of March 31, suffering serious head injuries that required several hours of surgery, with over 300 stitches to his face and more than 400 to the back of his head.<sup id="cite_ref-Leibovitz_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leibovitz-93">&#91;89&#93;</a></sup> His head injuries, Thompson suggests, were the reason that Spector began his habit of wearing outlandish <a href="/wiki/Wigs" class="mw-redirect" title="Wigs">wigs</a> in later years.<sup id="cite_ref-Sqm_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sqm-94">&#91;90&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>He established the <a href="/wiki/Warner-Spector_Records" title="Warner-Spector Records">Warner-Spector</a> label with <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros._Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner Bros. Records">Warner Bros. Records</a>, which undertook new Spector-produced recordings with <a href="/wiki/Cher" title="Cher">Cher</a>, Darlene Love, Danny Potter, and Jerri Bo Keno, in addition to several reissues. A similar relationship with Britain's <a href="/wiki/Polydor_Records" title="Polydor Records">Polydor Records</a> led to the formation of the Phil Spector International label in 1975. When the Cher and Keno singles (the latter's recordings were only issued in Germany) foundered on the charts, Spector released <a href="/wiki/Dion_DiMucci" title="Dion DiMucci">Dion DiMucci</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Born_to_Be_with_You_(album)" title="Born to Be with You (album)">Born to Be with You</a></i> to little commercial fanfare in 1975; largely produced and recorded by Spector in 1974, it was subsequently disowned by the singer. In the 1990s and 2000s, the album enjoyed a resurgence among the <a href="/wiki/Indie_rock" title="Indie rock">indie rock</a> cognoscenti.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95">&#91;91&#93;</a></sup> The majority of Spector's classic Philles recordings had been out of print in the U.S. since the original label's demise, although Spector had released several Philles Records compilations in Britain. Finally, he released an American compilation of his Philles recordings in 1977, which put most of the better-known Spector hits back into circulation after many years.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> </p><p>Spector began to reemerge later in the decade, producing and co-writing a controversial 1977 album by <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Cohen" title="Leonard Cohen">Leonard Cohen</a>, titled <i><a href="/wiki/Death_of_a_Ladies%27_Man_(album)" title="Death of a Ladies&#39; Man (album)">Death of a Ladies' Man</a></i>. This angered many devout Cohen fans who preferred his stark acoustic sound to the orchestral and choral wall of sound that the album contains. The recording was fraught with difficulty. After Cohen had laid down practice vocal tracks, Spector mixed the album in studio sessions, rather than allowing Cohen to take a role in the mixing, as Cohen had previously done.<sup id="cite_ref-Leibovitz_93-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leibovitz-93">&#91;89&#93;</a></sup> Cohen remarked that the result is "grotesque", but also "semi-virtuous"—for many years, he included a reworked version of the track "Memories" in live concerts. <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Allen_Ginsberg" title="Allen Ginsberg">Allen Ginsberg</a> also participated in the background vocals on "Don't Go Home with Your Hard-On".<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96">&#91;92&#93;</a></sup> </p> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ramones_Toronto_1976.jpg" class="image"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Ramones_Toronto_1976.jpg/220px-Ramones_Toronto_1976.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Ramones_Toronto_1976.jpg/330px-Ramones_Toronto_1976.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Ramones_Toronto_1976.jpg/440px-Ramones_Toronto_1976.jpg 2x" data-file-width="864" data-file-height="576" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Ramones_Toronto_1976.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div><a href="/wiki/Ramones" title="Ramones">Ramones</a> in 1977</div></div></div> <p>Spector also produced the much-publicized <a href="/wiki/Ramones" title="Ramones">Ramones</a> album <i><a href="/wiki/End_of_the_Century" title="End of the Century">End of the Century</a></i> in 1979. As with his work with Leonard Cohen, <i>End of the Century</i> received criticism from Ramones fans who were angered over its radio-friendly sound. However, it contains some of the best known and most successful Ramones singles, such as "<a href="/wiki/Rock_%27n%27_Roll_High_School_(song)" title="Rock &#39;n&#39; Roll High School (song)">Rock 'n' Roll High School</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Do_You_Remember_Rock_%27n%27_Roll_Radio%3F" title="Do You Remember Rock &#39;n&#39; Roll Radio?">Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio?</a>", and their cover of a previously released Spector song for the Ronettes, "<a href="/wiki/Baby,_I_Love_You" title="Baby, I Love You">Baby, I Love You</a>".<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97">&#91;nb 5&#93;</a></sup> Guitarist <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Ramone" title="Johnny Ramone">Johnny Ramone</a> later commented on working with Spector on the recording of the album, "It really worked when he got to a slower song like "<a href="/wiki/Danny_Says" title="Danny Says">Danny Says</a>"—the production really worked tremendously. For the harder stuff, it didn't work as well."<sup id="cite_ref-jrst_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jrst-98">&#91;93&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>Rumors circulated for years that Spector had threatened members of the Ramones with a gun during the sessions. <a href="/wiki/Dee_Dee_Ramone" title="Dee Dee Ramone">Dee Dee Ramone</a> claimed that Spector once pulled a gun on him when he tried to leave a session.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99">&#91;94&#93;</a></sup> Drummer <a href="/wiki/Marky_Ramone" title="Marky Ramone">Marky Ramone</a> recalled in 2008, "They [guns] were there but he had a license to carry. He never held us hostage. We could have left at any time."<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100">&#91;95&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101">&#91;96&#93;</a></sup> </p> <h3><span id="1981.E2.80.932003:_Inactivity"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="1981–2003:_Inactivity">1981–2003: Inactivity</span></h3> <div class="thumb tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:172px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Phil_Spector_2000.jpg" class="image"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Phil_Spector_2000.jpg/170px-Phil_Spector_2000.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="237" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Phil_Spector_2000.jpg/255px-Phil_Spector_2000.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Phil_Spector_2000.jpg/340px-Phil_Spector_2000.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1137" data-file-height="1587" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Phil_Spector_2000.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Spector in 2000</div></div></div> <p>Spector remained inactive throughout most of the 1980s, 1990s, and early 2000s. In early 1981, shortly after the death of John Lennon, he temporarily re-emerged to co-produce <a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono" title="Yoko Ono">Yoko Ono</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Season_of_Glass_(album)" title="Season of Glass (album)">Season of Glass</a>.</i><sup id="cite_ref-Helander2001_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Helander2001-102">&#91;97&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>In 1989, Tina Turner inducted Spector into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a non-performer.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_103-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-103">&#91;98&#93;</a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a></i> reported, "Spector hit the stage bopping madly to the strains of the Ronettes' "Be My Baby", flanked by three beefy bodyguards who practically elbowed Tina out of the way. He mumbled a few incoherent words about <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Inauguration_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Inauguration of George H. W. Bush">presidential inauguration</a>, and then his bodyguards carried him away again."<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104">&#91;99&#93;</a></sup> He was inducted into the <a href="/wiki/Songwriters_Hall_of_Fame" title="Songwriters Hall of Fame">Songwriters Hall of Fame</a> in 1997 and he received the <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Trustees_Award" title="Grammy Trustees Award">Grammy Trustees Award</a> in 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-13">&#91;13&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-105">&#91;100&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>In 1994, Spector wrote a letter to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's nominating committee to oppose <a href="/wiki/The_Ronettes" title="The Ronettes">the Ronettes</a> being considered for induction. He argued that the group was not a proper recording act and did not contribute enough to music to merit an induction.<sup id="cite_ref-blasts_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-blasts-106">&#91;101&#93;</a></sup> The Ronettes were eventually inducted into the Hall, but not until 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-blasts_106-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-blasts-106">&#91;101&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>He attempted to work with <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9line_Dion" class="mw-redirect" title="Céline Dion">Céline Dion</a> on her album <i><a href="/wiki/Falling_into_You" title="Falling into You">Falling into You</a></i> but fell out with her production team.<sup id="cite_ref-ew.com_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ew.com-107">&#91;102&#93;</a></sup> His last released project was <i><a href="/wiki/Silence_Is_Easy" title="Silence Is Easy">Silence Is Easy</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Starsailor_(band)" title="Starsailor (band)">Starsailor</a>, in 2003. He was originally supposed to produce the entire album, but was fired owing to personal and creative differences. One of the two Spector-produced songs on the album, <a href="/wiki/Silence_Is_Easy_(song)" title="Silence Is Easy (song)">the title track</a>, was a UK top 10 single (the other single being "White Dove").<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108">&#91;103&#93;</a></sup> </p> <h3><span id="2003.E2.80.932021:_Clarkson_murder_and_imprisonment"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="2003–2021:_Clarkson_murder_and_imprisonment">2003–2021: Clarkson murder and imprisonment</span></h3> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1033289096">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Lana_Clarkson" title="Murder of Lana Clarkson">Murder of Lana Clarkson</a></div> <p>On February 3, 2003, Spector shot actress <a href="/wiki/Lana_Clarkson" title="Lana Clarkson">Lana Clarkson</a> in the mouth while in his mansion (the Pyrenees Castle) in <a href="/wiki/Alhambra,_California" title="Alhambra, California">Alhambra, California</a>. Her body was found slumped in a chair with a single gunshot wound to her mouth.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109">&#91;104&#93;</a></sup> Spector told <i><a href="/wiki/Esquire_(magazine)" title="Esquire (magazine)">Esquire</a></i> in July&#160;2003 that Clarkson's death was an "accidental suicide" and that she "kissed the gun".<sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian-110">&#91;105&#93;</a></sup> The emergency call from Spector's home, made by Spector's driver, Adriano de Souza, quotes Spector as saying, "I think I killed somebody."<sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_110-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian-110">&#91;105&#93;</a></sup> De Souza added that he saw Spector come out of the back door of the house with a gun in his hand.<sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_110-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian-110">&#91;105&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>Spector remained free on $1&#160;million bail while awaiting trial.<sup id="cite_ref-Televised_111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Televised-111">&#91;106&#93;</a></sup> In the meantime, Spector produced singer-songwriter Hargo Khalsa's track (known professionally as Hargo) "Crying for John Lennon", which originally appears on Hargo's 2006 album <i>In Your Eyes</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112">&#91;107&#93;</a></sup> On a visit to Spector's mansion for an interview for the Lennon tribute film <i>Strawberry Fields</i>, Hargo played Spector the song and asked him to produce it.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113">&#91;108&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>On March 19, 2007, Spector's murder trial began. Presiding Judge Larry Paul Fidler allowed the proceedings in Los Angeles <a href="/wiki/Superior_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Superior Court">Superior Court</a> to be televised.<sup id="cite_ref-Televised_111-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Televised-111">&#91;106&#93;</a></sup> On September 26, Fidler declared a <a href="/wiki/Mistrial_(law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mistrial (law)">mistrial</a> because of a <a href="/wiki/Hung_jury" title="Hung jury">hung jury</a> (ten to two for conviction).<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes_mistrial_114-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes_mistrial-114">&#91;109&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115">&#91;110&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>Released in December 2007, the song "<a href="/wiki/B_Boy_Baby" title="B Boy Baby">B Boy Baby</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Mutya_Buena" title="Mutya Buena">Mutya Buena</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amy_Winehouse" title="Amy Winehouse">Amy Winehouse</a> featured melodic and lyrical passages heavily influenced by "Be My Baby". As a result, Spector was given a songwriting credit on the single. The sections from "Be My Baby" were sung by Winehouse, not sampled from the mono single.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116">&#91;111&#93;</a></sup> Winehouse referenced her admiration of Spector's work and often performed Spector's first hit song, "<a href="/wiki/To_Know_Him_Is_to_Love_Him" title="To Know Him Is to Love Him">To Know Him Is to Love Him</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117">&#91;112&#93;</a></sup> That same month, Spector attended the funeral of <a href="/wiki/Ike_Turner" title="Ike Turner">Ike Turner</a>. In his eulogy, Spector criticized Tina Turner's autobiography—and its subsequent promotion by <a href="/wiki/Oprah_Winfrey" title="Oprah Winfrey">Oprah Winfrey</a>—as a "badly written" book that "demonized and vilified Ike". Spector commented that "Ike made Tina the jewel she was. When I went to see Ike play at the Cinegrill in the '90s ... there were at least five Tina Turners on the stage performing that night, and any one of them could have been the real Tina Turner."<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118">&#91;113&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>In mid-April&#160;2008, <a href="/wiki/BBC_Two" title="BBC Two">BBC Two</a> broadcast a special titled <i>Phil Spector: The Agony and the Ecstasy</i>, by <a href="/wiki/Vikram_Jayanti" title="Vikram Jayanti">Vikram Jayanti</a>. It consists of Spector's first screen interview—breaking a long period of media silence. During the conversation, images from the murder court case are juxtaposed with live appearances of his tracks on television programs from the 1960s and 1970s, along with subtitles giving critical interpretations of some of his song production values. While he does not directly try to clear his name, the court case proceedings shown try to give further explanation of the facts surrounding the murder charges leveled against him. He also speaks about the musical instincts that led him to create some of his most enduring hit records, from "You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'" to "River Deep, Mountain High", as well as <i>Let It Be</i>, along with criticisms he feels he has had to deal with throughout his life.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119">&#91;114&#93;</a></sup> </p> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Phil_Spector,_mugshot_(2009).jpg" class="image"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Phil_Spector%2C_mugshot_%282009%29.jpg/220px-Phil_Spector%2C_mugshot_%282009%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Phil_Spector%2C_mugshot_%282009%29.jpg/330px-Phil_Spector%2C_mugshot_%282009%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Phil_Spector%2C_mugshot_%282009%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="298" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Phil_Spector,_mugshot_(2009).jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>2009 <a href="/wiki/Mug_shot" title="Mug shot">mug shot</a></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1134653256">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/40px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="22" class="noviewer" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/60px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/80px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikinews has related news: <div><ul><li><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Music_producer_Phil_Spector_convicted_of_murder" class="extiw" title="wikinews:Music producer Phil Spector convicted of murder"> Music producer Phil Spector convicted of murder</a></li></ul></div></div></div> </div> <p>The retrial of Spector for <a href="/wiki/Murder_(United_States_law)#Degrees" class="mw-redirect" title="Murder (United States law)">murder in the second degree</a> began on October 20, 2008,<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120">&#91;115&#93;</a></sup> with Judge Fidler again presiding; the retrial was not televised. Spector was once again represented by attorney Jennifer Lee Barringer.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121">&#91;116&#93;</a></sup> The case went to the jury on March 26, 2009, and 18&#160;days later, on April 13, the jury returned a guilty verdict.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122">&#91;117&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123">&#91;118&#93;</a></sup> Additionally, Spector was found guilty of using a firearm in the commission of a crime, which added four years to the sentence.<sup id="cite_ref-conviction_124-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-conviction-124">&#91;119&#93;</a></sup> He was immediately taken into custody and, on May 29, 2009, was sentenced to 19&#160;years to life in the <a href="/wiki/California_Department_of_Corrections_and_Rehabilitation" title="California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation">California state prison system</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn_sentencing_125-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn_sentencing-125">&#91;120&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CDCR_inmate_locator_126-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDCR_inmate_locator-126">&#91;121&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Weber_127-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weber-127">&#91;122&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Davies_128-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davies-128">&#91;123&#93;</a></sup> Various attempted appeals were unsuccessful, in 2011, 2012, and 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC2011-08-18-01a_129-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC2011-08-18-01a-129">&#91;124&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Guardian2012-02-22-01a_130-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian2012-02-22-01a-130">&#91;125&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-RadarOnline-01a_131-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RadarOnline-01a-131">&#91;126&#93;</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Musicianship">Musicianship</span></h2> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Wall_of_Sound" title="Wall of Sound">Wall of Sound</a></div> <p>Spector's early musical influences included <a href="/wiki/Latin_music_(genre)" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin music (genre)">Latin music</a> in general, and <a href="/wiki/Latin_percussion" title="Latin percussion">Latin percussion</a> in particular.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132">&#91;127&#93;</a></sup> This is perceptible in many if not all of Spector's recordings, from the percussion in many of his hit songs: shakers, güiros (<a href="/wiki/Gourds" class="mw-redirect" title="Gourds">gourds</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Maracas" class="mw-redirect" title="Maracas">maracas</a> in "Be My Baby" and the <a href="/wiki/Son_montuno" title="Son montuno">son montuno</a> in "You've Lost That Lovin' Feeling" (heard clearly in the song's bridge, played by session bassist <a href="/wiki/Carol_Kaye" title="Carol Kaye">Carol Kaye</a>, while the same repeating refrain is played on harpsichord by <a href="/wiki/Larry_Knechtel" title="Larry Knechtel">Larry Knechtel</a>). </p><p>Spector's trademark during his recording career was the so-called <a href="/wiki/Wall_of_Sound" title="Wall of Sound">Wall of Sound</a>, a production technique yielding a dense, layered effect that reproduced well on <a href="/wiki/AM_radio" class="mw-redirect" title="AM radio">AM radio</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jukebox" title="Jukebox">jukeboxes</a>. To attain this signature sound, Spector gathered large groups of musicians (playing some instruments not generally used for ensemble playing, such as <a href="/wiki/Electric_guitar" title="Electric guitar">electric</a> and <a href="/wiki/Acoustic_guitar" title="Acoustic guitar">acoustic guitars</a>) playing orchestrated parts—often doubling and tripling many instruments playing in <a href="/wiki/Unison" title="Unison">unison</a>—for a fuller sound. Spector himself called his technique "a <a href="/wiki/Wagnerian" class="mw-redirect" title="Wagnerian">Wagnerian</a> approach to rock &amp; roll: little symphonies for the kids".<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133">&#91;128&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>Spector directed the overall sound of his recordings, using a core group that became known as <a href="/wiki/The_Wrecking_Crew_(music)" title="The Wrecking Crew (music)">the Wrecking Crew</a>, including session players such as <a href="/wiki/Hal_Blaine" title="Hal Blaine">Hal Blaine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Larry_Knechtel" title="Larry Knechtel">Larry Knechtel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steve_Douglas_(saxophonist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Steve Douglas (saxophonist)">Steve Douglas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carol_Kaye" title="Carol Kaye">Carol Kaye</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roy_Caton" title="Roy Caton">Roy Caton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glen_Campbell" title="Glen Campbell">Glen Campbell</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Leon_Russell" title="Leon Russell">Leon Russell</a>. He delegated arrangements to <a href="/wiki/Jack_Nitzsche" title="Jack Nitzsche">Jack Nitzsche</a> and had <a href="/wiki/Sonny_Bono" title="Sonny Bono">Sonny Bono</a> oversee the performances, viewing these two as his "lieutenants".<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134">&#91;129&#93;</a></sup> Spector frequently used songs from songwriters employed at the <a href="/wiki/Brill_Building" title="Brill Building">Brill Building</a> (Trio Music) and at 1650 Broadway (Aldon Music), such as the teams of <a href="/wiki/Ellie_Greenwich" title="Ellie Greenwich">Ellie Greenwich</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Barry" title="Jeff Barry">Jeff Barry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barry_Mann" title="Barry Mann">Barry Mann</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Weil" title="Cynthia Weil">Cynthia Weil</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gerry_Goffin" title="Gerry Goffin">Gerry Goffin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carole_King" title="Carole King">Carole King</a>. He often worked with the songwriters, receiving co-credit and publishing royalties for compositions.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135">&#91;130&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>Despite the trend towards multichannel recording, Spector was vehemently opposed to <a href="/wiki/Stereophonic_sound" title="Stereophonic sound">stereo</a> releases, saying that it took control of the record's sound away from the producer in favor of the listener.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136">&#91;131&#93;</a></sup> Sometimes a pair of strings or horns would be double-tracked multiple times to sound like an entire string or horn section. But in the final product the background sometimes could not be distinguished as either horns or strings. Spector also greatly preferred singles to albums, describing <a href="/wiki/LP_album" class="mw-redirect" title="LP album">LPs</a> as "two hits and ten pieces of junk", reflecting both his commercial methods and those of many other producers at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown2007184–185_137-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown2007184–185-137">&#91;132&#93;</a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (July 2021)">better&#160;source&#160;needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Legacy_and_influence">Legacy and influence</span></h2> <p>According to guitarist <a href="/wiki/Stevie_Van_Zandt" class="mw-redirect" title="Stevie Van Zandt">Stevie Van Zandt</a> of the <a href="/wiki/E_Street_Band" title="E Street Band">E Street Band</a>, Spector was a "genius irredeemably conflicted". On Twitter, he wrote: "[Spector] was the ultimate example of the art always being better than the artist... [He] made some of the greatest records in history based on the salvation of love while remaining incapable of giving or receiving love his whole life."<sup id="cite_ref-Landrum_138-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Landrum-138">&#91;133&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>Spector is often called the first <a href="/wiki/Auteur" title="Auteur">auteur</a> among musical artists<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBannister200738_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBannister200738-9">&#91;9&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEisenberg2005103_139-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEisenberg2005103-139">&#91;134&#93;</a></sup> for acting not only as a producer, but also the creative director, writing or choosing the material, supervising the arrangements, conducting the vocalists and <a href="/wiki/Session_musician" title="Session musician">session musicians</a>, and masterminding all phases of the recording process.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams200323_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams200323-8">&#91;8&#93;</a></sup> He helped pave the way for <a href="/wiki/Art_rock" title="Art rock">art rock</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams200325_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams200325-11">&#91;11&#93;</a></sup> and helped inspire the emergence of aesthetically oriented genres such as <a href="/wiki/Shoegaze" title="Shoegaze">shoegaze</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBannister200738_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBannister200738-9">&#91;9&#93;</a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Noise_music" title="Noise music">noise music</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBannister2007158_140-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBannister2007158-140">&#91;135&#93;</a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/PopMatters" title="PopMatters">PopMatters</a></i> editor <a href="/wiki/John_Bergstrom" title="John Bergstrom">John Bergstrom</a> credits the start of <a href="/wiki/Dream_pop" title="Dream pop">dream pop</a> to Spector's collaboration with George Harrison on <i>All Things Must Pass</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141">&#91;136&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>His influence has been claimed by performers such as <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">the Beatles</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Beach_Boys" title="The Beach Boys">the Beach Boys</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBannister200739_142-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBannister200739-142">&#91;137&#93;</a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/The_Velvet_Underground" title="The Velvet Underground">the Velvet Underground</a><sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143">&#91;138&#93;</a></sup> alongside latter-day record producers such as <a href="/wiki/Brian_Eno" title="Brian Eno">Brian Eno</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tony_Visconti" title="Tony Visconti">Tony Visconti</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144">&#91;139&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145">&#91;140&#93;</a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Alternative_rock" title="Alternative rock">Alternative rock</a> performers <a href="/wiki/Cocteau_Twins" title="Cocteau Twins">Cocteau Twins</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146">&#91;141&#93;</a></sup> <a href="/wiki/My_Bloody_Valentine_(band)" title="My Bloody Valentine (band)">My Bloody Valentine</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBannister200739_142-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBannister200739-142">&#91;137&#93;</a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/The_Jesus_and_Mary_Chain" title="The Jesus and Mary Chain">the Jesus and Mary Chain</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBannister200739_142-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBannister200739-142">&#91;137&#93;</a></sup> have all cited Spector as an influence. <a href="/wiki/Shoegaze" title="Shoegaze">Shoegaze</a>, a British musical movement in the late 1980s to mid-1990s, was heavily influenced by the Wall of Sound. <a href="/wiki/Jason_Pierce" title="Jason Pierce">Jason Pierce</a> of <a href="/wiki/Spiritualized" title="Spiritualized">Spiritualized</a> has cited Spector as a major influence on his <i><a href="/wiki/Let_It_Come_Down_(Spiritualized_album)" title="Let It Come Down (Spiritualized album)">Let It Come Down</a></i> album.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Gillespie" title="Bobby Gillespie">Bobby Gillespie</a> of <a href="/wiki/Primal_Scream" title="Primal Scream">Primal Scream</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Jesus_and_Mary_Chain" title="The Jesus and Mary Chain">the Jesus and Mary Chain</a> has enthused about Spector, with the song "<a href="/wiki/Just_Like_Honey" title="Just Like Honey">Just Like Honey</a>" opening with an homage of the famous "Be My Baby" drum intro.<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147">&#91;142&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>Many have tried to emulate Spector's methods, and <a href="/wiki/Brian_Wilson" title="Brian Wilson">Brian Wilson</a> of the Beach Boys—a fellow adherent of mono recording—considered Spector his main competition as a studio artist. In the 1960s, Wilson thought of Spector as "the single most influential producer. He's timeless. He makes a milestone whenever he goes into the studio."<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148">&#91;143&#93;</a></sup> Wilson's fascination with Spector's work has persisted for decades, with many different references to Spector and his work scattered around Wilson's songs with the Beach Boys and even his solo career. Of Spector-related productions, Wilson has been involved with covers of "<a href="/wiki/Be_My_Baby" title="Be My Baby">Be My Baby</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Chapel_of_Love" title="Chapel of Love">Chapel of Love</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Just_Once_in_My_Life" title="Just Once in My Life">Just Once in My Life</a>", "<a href="/wiki/There%27s_No_Other_(Like_My_Baby)" title="There&#39;s No Other (Like My Baby)">There's No Other (Like My Baby)</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Then_He_Kissed_Me" title="Then He Kissed Me">Then He Kissed Me</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Talk_to_Me_(Joe_Seneca_song)" title="Talk to Me (Joe Seneca song)">Talk to Me</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Why_Don%27t_They_Let_Us_Fall_in_Love" title="Why Don&#39;t They Let Us Fall in Love">Why Don't They Let Us Fall in Love</a>", "<a href="/wiki/You%27ve_Lost_That_Lovin%27_Feelin%27" title="You&#39;ve Lost That Lovin&#39; Feelin&#39;">You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Da_Doo_Ron_Ron" title="Da Doo Ron Ron">Da Doo Ron Ron</a>", "<a href="/wiki/I_Can_Hear_Music" title="I Can Hear Music">I Can Hear Music</a>", and "This Could Be the Night".<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149">&#91;144&#93;</a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Franz" title="Johnny Franz">Johnny Franz</a>'s mid-1960s productions for <a href="/wiki/Dusty_Springfield" title="Dusty Springfield">Dusty Springfield</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Walker_Brothers" title="The Walker Brothers">the Walker Brothers</a> also employed a layered, symphonic "Wall of Sound" arrangement-and-recording style, heavily influenced by the Spector sound.<sup id="cite_ref-Ward2018_150-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ward2018-150">&#91;145&#93;</a></sup> Another example is the Forum, a studio project of <a href="/wiki/Les_Baxter" title="Les Baxter">Les Baxter</a>, which produced a minor hit in 1967 with "<a href="/wiki/The_River_Is_Wide" title="The River Is Wide">The River Is Wide</a>". <a href="/wiki/Sonny_Bono" title="Sonny Bono">Sonny Bono</a>, a former associate of Spector's, developed a jangly, guitar-laden variation on the Spector sound, which is heard mainly in mid-1960s productions for his then-wife <a href="/wiki/Cher" title="Cher">Cher</a>, notably "<a href="/wiki/Bang_Bang_(My_Baby_Shot_Me_Down)" title="Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)">Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)</a>". </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Springsteen" title="Bruce Springsteen">Bruce Springsteen</a> emulated the Wall of Sound technique in his recording of "<a href="/wiki/Born_to_Run_(Bruce_Springsteen_song)" title="Born to Run (Bruce Springsteen song)">Born to Run</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams200325_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams200325-11">&#91;11&#93;</a></sup> In 1973, the British band <a href="/wiki/Wizzard" title="Wizzard">Wizzard</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Roy_Wood" title="Roy Wood">Roy Wood</a>, had three Spector-influenced hits with "<a href="/wiki/See_My_Baby_Jive" title="See My Baby Jive">See My Baby Jive</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Angel_Fingers_(A_Teen_Ballad)" title="Angel Fingers (A Teen Ballad)">Angel Fingers (A Teen Ballad)</a>", and "<a href="/wiki/I_Wish_It_Could_Be_Christmas_Everyday" title="I Wish It Could Be Christmas Everyday">I Wish It Could Be Christmas Everyday</a>", the latter becoming a perennial Christmas hit.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams200325_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams200325-11">&#91;11&#93;</a></sup> Other contemporaries influenced by Spector include <a href="/wiki/Shadow_Morton" title="Shadow Morton">George Morton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sonny_%26_Cher" title="Sonny &amp; Cher">Sonny &amp; Cher</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones" title="The Rolling Stones">the Rolling Stones</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Four_Tops" class="mw-redirect" title="The Four Tops">the Four Tops</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Wirtz" title="Mark Wirtz">Mark Wirtz</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Lovin%27_Spoonful" title="The Lovin&#39; Spoonful">the Lovin' Spoonful</a>, and <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">the Beatles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams200324_151-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams200324-151">&#91;146&#93;</a></sup> Swedish pop group <a href="/wiki/ABBA" title="ABBA">ABBA</a> cited Spector as an influence, and used similar Wall of Sound techniques in their early songs, including "<a href="/wiki/Ring_Ring_(ABBA_song)" title="Ring Ring (ABBA song)">Ring Ring</a>", "<a href="/wiki/Waterloo_(ABBA_song)" title="Waterloo (ABBA song)">Waterloo</a>", and "<a href="/wiki/Dancing_Queen" title="Dancing Queen">Dancing Queen</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-Publications2012_152-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Publications2012-152">&#91;147&#93;</a></sup> The Los Angeles-based <a href="/wiki/New_wave_music" title="New wave music">new wave</a> band <a href="/wiki/Wall_of_Voodoo" title="Wall of Voodoo">Wall of Voodoo</a> takes their name from Spector's Wall of Sound.<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153">&#91;148&#93;</a></sup> Spector's influence is also felt in other areas of the world, especially Japan. <a href="/wiki/City_pop" title="City pop">City pop</a> musician <a href="/wiki/Eiichi_Ohtaki" title="Eiichi Ohtaki">Eiichi Ohtaki</a> has been influenced by Spector and the Wall of Sound.<sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154">&#91;149&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155">&#91;150&#93;</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Personal_life">Personal life</span></h2> <h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Relationships_and_children">Relationships and children</span></h3> <p>Spector's first marriage was in 1963 to Annette Merar, lead vocalist of the Spectors Three, a 1960s pop trio formed and produced by Spector. He named a record company after Merar, Annette Records.<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156">&#91;151&#93;</a></sup> Spector and Merar divorced in 1966.<sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157">&#91;152&#93;</a></sup> While still married to Merar, he began having an affair with Ronnie Bennett, later known as <a href="/wiki/Ronnie_Spector" title="Ronnie Spector">Ronnie Spector</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158">&#91;153&#93;</a></sup> Bennett was the lead singer of the girl group <a href="/wiki/The_Ronettes" title="The Ronettes">the Ronettes</a> (another group Spector managed and produced). They married in 1968 and adopted a son, Donté Phillip Spector.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_159-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-159">&#91;154&#93;</a></sup> As a Christmas present, Spector surprised her by adopting twins Louis Phillip Spector and Gary Phillip Spector.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_159-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-159">&#91;154&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_160-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-160">&#91;155&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>In her 1990 memoir, <i><a href="/wiki/Be_My_Baby_(book)" title="Be My Baby (book)">Be My Baby: How I Survived Mascara, Miniskirts And Madness</a></i>, Bennett alleged that Spector had imprisoned her in his California mansion and subjected her to years of psychological torment. According to Bennett, Spector sabotaged her career by forbidding her to perform. She escaped from the mansion barefoot with the help of her mother in 1972.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_160-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-160">&#91;155&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161">&#91;156&#93;</a></sup> In their 1974 divorce settlement, she forfeited all future record earnings and surrendered custody of their children. She alleged that this was because Spector threatened to hire a <a href="/wiki/Contract_killing" title="Contract killing">hitman</a> to kill her.<sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162">&#91;157&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>Spector's sons Gary and Donté both stated that their father "kept them captive" as children, and that they were "forced to perform simulated intercourse" with his girlfriend. According to Gary, "I was blindfolded and sexually molested. Dad would say, 'You're going to meet someone,' and it would be a 'learning experience'."<sup id="cite_ref-GaryDonte_163-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GaryDonte-163">&#91;158&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164">&#91;159&#93;</a></sup> Donté described himself as coming "from a very sick, twisted, dysfunctional family".<sup id="cite_ref-GaryDonte_163-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GaryDonte-163">&#91;158&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>In 1982, Spector had twin children with his girlfriend Janis Zavala: Nicole Audrey Spector and Phillip Spector Jr. Phillip Jr. died of <a href="/wiki/Leukemia" title="Leukemia">leukemia</a> in 1991.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_159-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-159">&#91;154&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165">&#91;160&#93;</a></sup> On September 1, 2006, while on bail and awaiting trial, Spector married his third wife Rachelle Short, who was 26 at the time. Spector filed for divorce in April 2016, claiming <a href="/wiki/Irreconcilable_differences" title="Irreconcilable differences">irreconcilable differences</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166">&#91;161&#93;</a></sup> They divorced in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-167">&#91;162&#93;</a></sup> </p> <h3><span id="Health.2C_illness.2C_and_death"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="Health,_illness,_and_death">Health, illness, and death</span></h3> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:222px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Phil-spector-2014-mug-shot.jpg" class="image"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Phil-spector-2014-mug-shot.jpg/220px-Phil-spector-2014-mug-shot.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="thumbimage" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a0/Phil-spector-2014-mug-shot.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="310" data-file-height="205" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Phil-spector-2014-mug-shot.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>2014 mug shot</div></div></div> <p>Spector testified in a 2005 court deposition that he had been treated for <a href="/wiki/Bipolar_disorder" title="Bipolar disorder">bipolar disorder</a> ("manic depression") for eight years, saying, "No sleep, depression, mood changes, mood swings, hard to live with, hard to concentrate, just hard—a hard time getting through life, I've been called a genius and I think a genius is not there all the time and has borderline insanity."<sup id="cite_ref-AP2021_168-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP2021-168">&#91;163&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>In the first criminal trial for the Clarkson murder, defense expert and <a href="/wiki/Forensic_pathologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Forensic pathologist">forensic pathologist</a> <a href="/wiki/Vincent_Di_Maio" title="Vincent Di Maio">Vincent Di Maio</a> said that Spector might be suffering from <a href="/wiki/Parkinson%27s_disease" title="Parkinson&#39;s disease">Parkinson's disease</a> stating, "Look at Mr.&#160;Spector. He has Parkinson's features. He trembles."<sup id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-169">&#91;164&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>California Department of Corrections photos from 2013 (released in September 2014) show evidence of a progressive deterioration in Spector's health, according to observers.<sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-170">&#91;165&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-171">&#91;166&#93;</a></sup> He had been an inmate at the <a href="/wiki/California_Health_Care_Facility" title="California Health Care Facility">California Health Care Facility</a> (a prison hospital) in <a href="/wiki/Stockton,_California" title="Stockton, California">Stockton</a> since October 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-Silence_172-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Silence-172">&#91;167&#93;</a></sup> In September 2014, it was reported that Spector had lost his ability to speak, owing to <a href="/wiki/Laryngeal_papillomatosis" title="Laryngeal papillomatosis">laryngeal papillomatosis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Silence_172-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Silence-172">&#91;167&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-173">&#91;168&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>He was taken to <a href="/wiki/San_Joaquin_General_Hospital" title="San Joaquin General Hospital">San Joaquin General Hospital</a> in <a href="/wiki/French_Camp,_California" title="French Camp, California">French Camp, California</a>, on December 31, and <a href="/wiki/Tracheal_intubation" title="Tracheal intubation">intubated</a> in January 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-Grimes2021_174-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grimes2021-174">&#91;169&#93;</a></sup> Spector died in an outside hospital on January 16 at the age of 81, according to the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation.<sup id="cite_ref-175" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-175">&#91;170&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cromelin2021_176-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cromelin2021-176">&#91;171&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Whitcomb2021_177-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitcomb2021-177">&#91;172&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Davies_2021_178-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davies_2021-178">&#91;173&#93;</a></sup> Spector's daughter Nicole attributed her father's death to complications of <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>, with which he was diagnosed in December 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-Grimes2021_174-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grimes2021-174">&#91;169&#93;</a></sup> He would have been eligible for parole in 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-CDCR_inmate_locator_126-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CDCR_inmate_locator-126">&#91;121&#93;</a></sup> </p><p>Some media outlets that reported on Spector's death were subject to controversy for reportedly downplaying his murder conviction. Examples given were the obituaries in <i>The New York Times</i> and <i>Rolling Stone</i>, which originally stated, respectively, that Spector's legacy "was marred by a murder conviction" and that his "life was upended" after being sentenced. These obituaries were revised following a social media backlash.<sup id="cite_ref-Wood21_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wood21-1">&#91;1&#93;</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</span></h2> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/I_Dream_of_Jeannie" title="I Dream of Jeannie">I Dream of Jeannie</a></i> (1967, "Jeannie, the Hip Hippie" – season 3, episode 6): Phil Spector made a cameo as himself. Jeannie decides she wants to be a pop star and enlists Spector for help. Though referred to by the characters throughout the episode as "Phil Spector", the credit roll lists "Phil Spector as 'Steve Davis<span style="padding-right:.15em;">'</span>".<sup id="cite_ref-179" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-179">&#91;174&#93;</a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Beyond_the_Valley_of_the_Dolls" title="Beyond the Valley of the Dolls">Beyond the Valley of the Dolls</a></i> (1970): The character of Ronnie "Z-Man" Barzell is based upon Spector, though neither <a href="/wiki/Russ_Meyer" title="Russ Meyer">Russ Meyer</a> nor screenwriter <a href="/wiki/Roger_Ebert" title="Roger Ebert">Roger Ebert</a> had met him.<sup id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-180">&#91;175&#93;</a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phantom_of_the_Paradise" title="Phantom of the Paradise">Phantom of the Paradise</a></i> (1974): The villainous character Swan (played by <a href="/wiki/Paul_Williams_(songwriter)" title="Paul Williams (songwriter)">Paul Williams</a>) was supposedly inspired by Spector. A music producer and head of a record label, Swan was named "Spectre" in original drafts of the film's screenplay.<sup id="cite_ref-181" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-181">&#91;176&#93;</a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/What%27s_Love_Got_to_Do_with_It_(1993_film)" title="What&#39;s Love Got to Do with It (1993 film)">What's Love Got to Do with It</a></i> (1993): Spector is portrayed by Rob LaBelle.<sup id="cite_ref-182" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-182">&#91;177&#93;</a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grace_of_My_Heart" title="Grace of My Heart">Grace of My Heart</a></i> (1996): The film contains many characters based upon 1960s musicians, writers and producers including the character Joel Milner played by <a href="/wiki/John_Turturro" title="John Turturro">John Turturro</a> (based on Spector).<sup id="cite_ref-183" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-183">&#91;178&#93;</a></sup></li> <li>In the <a href="/wiki/Docudrama" title="Docudrama">docudrama</a> <i>And the Beat Goes On: The Sonny and Cher Story</i>, Phil Spector is portrayed by Christian Leffler.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Metalocalypse" title="Metalocalypse">Metalocalypse</a></i> (2006–2013): The character Dick Knubbler is a parody of Spector, based on profession, appearance and record of assault.<sup id="cite_ref-184" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-184">&#91;179&#93;</a></sup></li> <li><i>A Reasonable Man</i> (2009): Harv Stevens is reportedly based on Spector. The film examines his relationship with John Lennon.<sup id="cite_ref-185" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-185">&#91;180&#93;</a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phil_Spector_(film)" title="Phil Spector (film)">Phil Spector</a></i> (2013): Spector is portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Al_Pacino" title="Al Pacino">Al Pacino</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-186" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-186">&#91;181&#93;</a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Love_%26_Mercy_(film)" title="Love &amp; Mercy (film)">Love &amp; Mercy</a></i> (2014): Spector is portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Slavin" title="Jonathan Slavin">Jonathan Slavin</a>. However, his scene was cut from the theatrical release.<sup id="cite_ref-187" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-187">&#91;182&#93;</a></sup></li> <li>He was also in <i><a href="/wiki/Easy_Rider" title="Easy Rider">Easy Rider</a></i> as a drug dealer.</li> <li>The song "Christmas Kids" by ROAR references Spector's relationship with Ronnie Spector, the two also appear on the cover of the EP.</li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Discography">Discography</span></h2> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Phil_Spector_discography" title="Phil Spector discography">Phil Spector discography</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Philles_Records" title="Philles Records">Philles Records</a></div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Awards">Awards</span></h2> <p>Spector is one of a handful of producers to have number one records in three consecutive decades (1950s, 1960s and 1970s). Others in this group include <a href="/wiki/Quincy_Jones" title="Quincy Jones">Quincy Jones</a> (1960s, 1970s, and 1980s), <a href="/wiki/George_Martin" title="George Martin">George Martin</a> (1960s, 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s), <a href="/wiki/Michael_Omartian" title="Michael Omartian">Michael Omartian</a> (1970s, 1980s and 1990s), <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Jam_and_Terry_Lewis" title="Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis">Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis</a> (1980s, 1990s, and 2000s), and <a href="/wiki/Max_Martin" title="Max Martin">Max Martin</a> (1990s, 2000, 2010s, and 2020s).<sup id="cite_ref-bronson2003_188-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bronson2003-188">&#91;183&#93;</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-189" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-189">&#91;184&#93;</a></sup> </p><p><b> Awards and nominations </b> </p> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders" style="table-layout: fixed; margin-right: 0;"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Year </th> <th scope="col">Nominee / work </th> <th scope="col">Award </th> <th scope="col">Result </th></tr> <tr> <td>1972 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a> "<a href="/wiki/My_Sweet_Lord" title="My Sweet Lord">My Sweet Lord</a>" </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Record_of_the_Year" title="Grammy Award for Record of the Year">Grammy Award for Record of the Year</a><sup id="cite_ref-:3_105-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-105">&#91;100&#93;</a></sup> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>1972 </td> <td>George Harrison <i><a href="/wiki/All_Things_Must_Pass" title="All Things Must Pass">All Things Must Pass</a></i> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Album_of_the_Year" title="Grammy Award for Album of the Year">Grammy Award for Album of the Year</a><sup id="cite_ref-:3_105-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-105">&#91;100&#93;</a></sup> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="no table-no2 notheme">Nominated </td></tr> <tr> <td>1973 </td> <td>George Harrison &amp; Friends <i><a href="/wiki/The_Concert_for_Bangladesh_(album)" title="The Concert for Bangladesh (album)">The Concert for Bangladesh</a></i> </td> <td>Grammy Award for Album of the Year<sup id="cite_ref-190" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-190">&#91;185&#93;</a></sup> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr> <tr> <td>1989 </td> <td>Phil Spector </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame" title="Rock and Roll Hall of Fame">Rock and Roll Hall of Fame</a><sup id="cite_ref-:2_103-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-103">&#91;98&#93;</a></sup> </td> <td style="background: #99FF99; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2">Inducted </td></tr> <tr> <td>1997 </td> <td>Phil Spector </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Songwriters_Hall_of_Fame" title="Songwriters Hall of Fame">Songwriter's Hall of Fame</a><sup id="cite_ref-:1_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-13">&#91;13&#93;</a></sup> </td> <td style="background: #99FF99; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2">Inducted </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000 </td> <td>Phil Spector </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Grammy_Trustees_Award" title="Grammy Trustees Award">Grammy Trustees Award</a><sup id="cite_ref-:3_105-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-105">&#91;100&#93;</a></sup> </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color: #000; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="yes table-yes2 notheme">Won </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b> Rankings </b> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Publication </th> <th>Country </th> <th>Accolade </th> <th>Year </th> <th>Rank </th> <th>Ref </th></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a></i> </td> <td>US </td> <td>Greatest Artists of All Time </td> <td>2004, updated 2011 </td> <td>64 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-191" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-191">&#91;186&#93;</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Times" title="The Washington Times">The Washington Times</a></i> </td> <td>US </td> <td>Greatest Record Producers of All Time </td> <td>2008 </td> <td>2 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-192" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-192">&#91;187&#93;</a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Notes">Notes</span></h2> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1011085734">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Some sources erroneously cite 1940 as his year of birth.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200714_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200714-17">&#91;17&#93;</a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Spector also co-produced, with Lennon and <a href="/wiki/Yoko_Ono" title="Yoko Ono">Yoko Ono</a>, the Elastic Oz Band's "God Save Us",<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMadingerEaster200044–45_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMadingerEaster200044–45-73">&#91;72&#93;</a></sup> a single protesting the jailing of <i><a href="/wiki/Oz_(magazine)" title="Oz (magazine)">Oz</a></i> magazine's editors on obscenity charges.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpizer200549_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpizer200549-74">&#91;73&#93;</a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In the same 1987 interview, Harrison said Spector's problems with alcohol and his frequent hospitalisation typified their collaborations from 1970 onward. He nevertheless described the producer as "brilliant ... one of the <i>greatest</i>", adding, "he should be out there doing stuff right now—but not with me!"<sup id="cite_ref-White/Musician_83-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-White/Musician-83">&#91;81&#93;</a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">When asked about reports that Spector had fired his gun into the ceiling, Lennon said: "I don't like to tell tales out of school ... But I do know there was an awful loud noise in the toilet of the Record Plant West."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpizer200598_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpizer200598-89">&#91;86&#93;</a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The band still name-checked Spector in the song "It's Not My Place (in the 9 to 5 World)" on their next album, '<a href="/wiki/Pleasant_Dreams" title="Pleasant Dreams">Pleasant Dreams</a><i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup></i></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span></h2> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1011085734"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Wood21-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wood21_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wood21_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1133582631">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFWood2021" class="citation news cs1">Wood, Mikael (January 18, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/music/story/2021-01-18/phil-spector-producer-abusive-male-genius">"Phil Spector and the damaging myth of male creative genius"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector+and+the+damaging+myth+of+male+creative+genius&amp;rft.date=2021-01-18&amp;rft.aulast=Wood&amp;rft.aufirst=Mikael&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fentertainment-arts%2Fmusic%2Fstory%2F2021-01-18%2Fphil-spector-producer-abusive-male-genius&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-April_13,_2009-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-April_13,_2009_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFSpillius" class="citation web cs1">Spillius, Alex. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/phil-spector/5150524/Phil-Spector-guilty-of-murdering-actress-Lana-Clarkson.html">"Phil Spector guilty of murdering actress Lana Clarkson"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180211223611/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/phil-spector/5150524/Phil-Spector-guilty-of-murdering-actress-Lana-Clarkson.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 11, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 2,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector+guilty+of+murdering+actress+Lana+Clarkson&amp;rft.aulast=Spillius&amp;rft.aufirst=Alex&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fcelebritynews%2Fphil-spector%2F5150524%2FPhil-Spector-guilty-of-murdering-actress-Lana-Clarkson.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown20071-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown20071_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown2007">Brown 2007</a>, p.&#160;1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WallofSilence-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WallofSilence_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WallofSilence_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFSevigny2007" class="citation web cs1">Sevigny, Catherine (May 5, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2007/may/06/biography.features">"Wall of silence"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190124203719/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2007/may/06/biography.features">Archived</a> from the original on January 24, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 24,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&amp;rft.atitle=Wall+of+silence&amp;rft.date=2007-05-05&amp;rft.aulast=Sevigny&amp;rft.aufirst=Catherine&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2007%2Fmay%2F06%2Fbiography.features&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brown03-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Brown03_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFBrown2003" class="citation web cs1">Brown, Mick (February 4, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandjazzmusic/3589445/Pops-lost-genius.html">"Pop's lost genius"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180910204050/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandjazzmusic/3589445/Pops-lost-genius.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 10, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 10,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&amp;rft.atitle=Pop%27s+lost+genius&amp;rft.date=2003-02-04&amp;rft.aulast=Brown&amp;rft.aufirst=Mick&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fculture%2Fmusic%2Frockandjazzmusic%2F3589445%2FPops-lost-genius.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams20035-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams20035_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilliams2003">Williams 2003</a>, p.&#160;5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFWolfe1965" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Wolfe" title="Tom Wolfe">Wolfe, Tom</a> (January 3, 1965). "First Tycoon of Teen". <i>New York Magazine, published as a supplement to the New York Herald Tribune</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=New+York+Magazine%2C+published+as+a+supplement+to+the+New+York+Herald+Tribune&amp;rft.atitle=First+Tycoon+of+Teen&amp;rft.date=1965-01-03&amp;rft.aulast=Wolfe&amp;rft.aufirst=Tom&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span> (This appears in the microfilm edition of the <i>Herald Tribune</i> but apparently not in the online database)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams200323-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams200323_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams200323_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilliams2003">Williams 2003</a>, p.&#160;23.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBannister200738-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBannister200738_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBannister200738_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBannister200738_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBannister2007">Bannister 2007</a>, p.&#160;38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Holden-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Holden_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFHolden1999" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Holden" title="Stephen Holden">Holden, Stephen</a> (February 28, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1999/02/28/arts/music-they-re-recording-but-are-they-artists.html">"Music; They're Recording, but Are They Artists?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161130144527/http://www.nytimes.com/1999/02/28/arts/music-they-re-recording-but-are-they-artists.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 30, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 17,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Music%3B+They%27re+Recording%2C+but+Are+They+Artists%3F&amp;rft.date=1999-02-28&amp;rft.aulast=Holden&amp;rft.aufirst=Stephen&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1999%2F02%2F28%2Farts%2Fmusic-they-re-recording-but-are-they-artists.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams200325-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams200325_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams200325_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams200325_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams200325_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilliams2003">Williams 2003</a>, p.&#160;25.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-class-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-class_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFWiseman-Trowse2008" class="citation book cs1">Wiseman-Trowse, Nathan (September 30, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=egeMDAAAQBAJ&amp;rdid=book-egeMDAAAQBAJ&amp;rdot=1&amp;source=gbs_vpt_read"><i>Performing Class in British Popular Music</i></a>. Springer. pp.&#160;148–154. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780230594975" title="Special:BookSources/9780230594975"><bdi>9780230594975</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Performing+Class+in+British+Popular+Music&amp;rft.pages=148-154&amp;rft.pub=Springer&amp;rft.date=2008-09-30&amp;rft.isbn=9780230594975&amp;rft.aulast=Wiseman-Trowse&amp;rft.aufirst=Nathan&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplay.google.com%2Fstore%2Fbooks%2Fdetails%3Fid%3DegeMDAAAQBAJ%26rdid%3Dbook-egeMDAAAQBAJ%26rdot%3D1%26source%3Dgbs_vpt_read&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.songhall.org/profile/Phil_Spector">"Phil Spector"</a>. <i>Songwriters Hall of Fame</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 19,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Songwriters+Hall+of+Fame&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.songhall.org%2Fprofile%2FPhil_Spector&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See: <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/613BoR3H3?url=http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-greatest-artists-of-all-time-19691231">"100 Greatest Artists of All Time"</a>. <i>Rolling Stone</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/5939214/the_immortals_the_first_fifty">the original</a> on August 19, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&amp;rft.atitle=100+Greatest+Artists+of+All+Time&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fnews%2Fstory%2F5939214%2Fthe_immortals_the_first_fifty&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090518045041/http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/7248223/the_immortals__the_greatest_artists_of_all_time_63_phil_spector">"The Immortals: Phil Spector"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a></i>. No.&#160;946. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/7248223/the_immortals__the_greatest_artists_of_all_time_63_phil_spector">the original</a> on May 18, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 8,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&amp;rft.atitle=The+Immortals%3A+Phil+Spector&amp;rft.issue=946&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fnews%2Fstory%2F7248223%2Fthe_immortals&#95;_the_greatest_artists_of_all_time_63_phil_spector&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFUnterberger" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richie_Unterberger" title="Richie Unterberger">Unterberger, Richie</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/phil-spector-mn0000694967/biography">"Phil Spector"</a>. <a href="/wiki/AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200502161944/https://www.allmusic.com/artist/phil-spector-mn0000694967/biography">Archived</a> from the original on May 2, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 21,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Phil+Spector&amp;rft.pub=AllMusic&amp;rft.aulast=Unterberger&amp;rft.aufirst=Richie&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Fartist%2Fphil-spector-mn0000694967%2Fbiography&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson200410-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson200410_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThompson2004">Thompson 2004</a>, p.&#160;10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200714-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200714_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200714_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200714_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown2007">Brown 2007</a>, p.&#160;14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200714,_19-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200714,_19_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown2007">Brown 2007</a>, pp.&#160;14, 19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geni.com/people/Benjamin-Spector/6000000072179214151">"Benjamin Spector"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Benjamin+Spector&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.geni.com%2Fpeople%2FBenjamin-Spector%2F6000000072179214151&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geni.com/people/Bertha-Spector/6000000001824107130">"Bertha Spector"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bertha+Spector&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.geni.com%2Fpeople%2FBertha-Spector%2F6000000001824107130&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200712–14-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200712–14_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown2007">Brown 2007</a>, pp.&#160;12–14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams200327-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams200327_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilliams2003">Williams 2003</a>, p.&#160;27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200713-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200713_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown2007">Brown 2007</a>, p.&#160;13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200712-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200712_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown2007">Brown 2007</a>, p.&#160;12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson200412-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson200412_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThompson2004">Thompson 2004</a>, p.&#160;12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200717-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200717_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown2007">Brown 2007</a>, p.&#160;17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson200413-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson200413_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThompson2004">Thompson 2004</a>, p.&#160;13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200719-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200719_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown2007">Brown 2007</a>, p.&#160;19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson200528-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson200528_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThompson2005">Thompson 2005</a>, p.&#160;28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-virgin-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-virgin_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFLarkin2002" class="citation book cs1">Larkin, Colin (2002). <i>The Virgin Encyclopedia of Popular Music</i>. <a href="/wiki/Virgin_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Virgin Publishing">Virgin Publishing</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85227-923-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-85227-923-0"><bdi>1-85227-923-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Virgin+Encyclopedia+of+Popular+Music&amp;rft.pub=Virgin+Publishing&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.isbn=1-85227-923-0&amp;rft.aulast=Larkin&amp;rft.aufirst=Colin&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200737-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200737_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200737_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown2007">Brown 2007</a>, p.&#160;37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson200426-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson200426_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson200426_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThompson2004">Thompson 2004</a>, p.&#160;26.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bronson1992-46-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bronson1992-46_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bronson1992-46_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Fred Bronson, <i>The Billboard Book of Number One Hits</i>, Billboard Publications, 1992, p. 46</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200744,_48-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200744,_48_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown2007">Brown 2007</a>, pp.&#160;44, 48.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200755-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200755_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200755_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown2007">Brown 2007</a>, p.&#160;55.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson200558,_98-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson200558,_98_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThompson2005">Thompson 2005</a>, pp.&#160;58, 98.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERibowsky200686–88-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERibowsky200686–88_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRibowsky2006">Ribowsky 2006</a>, pp.&#160;86–88.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFWhitburn2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Joel_Whitburn" title="Joel Whitburn">Whitburn, Joel</a> (2004). <i>The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits: Eighth Edition</i>. Record Research. p.&#160;480.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Billboard+Book+of+Top+40+Hits%3A+Eighth+Edition&amp;rft.pages=480&amp;rft.pub=Record+Research&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.aulast=Whitburn&amp;rft.aufirst=Joel&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown200786-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown200786_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown2007">Brown 2007</a>, p.&#160;86.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Whitburn-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Whitburn_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Joel Whitburn's Top Pop Singles 1955–1990</i> - <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89820-089-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-89820-089-X">0-89820-089-X</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThompson200579-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThompson200579_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThompson2005">Thompson 2005</a>, p.&#160;79.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1962/CB-1962-03-17.pdf">"Spector Named To A&amp;R Post At Liberty"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Cash Box</i>. March 17, 1962. p.&#160;27. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062543/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1962/CB-1962-03-17.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on December 18, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 14,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Cash+Box&amp;rft.atitle=Spector+Named+To+A%26R+Post+At+Liberty&amp;rft.pages=27&amp;rft.date=1962-03-17&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanradiohistory.com%2FArchive-All-Music%2FCash-Box%2F60s%2F1962%2FCB-1962-03-17.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFSpector1990" class="citation book cs1">Spector, Ronnie (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gS8UAQAAIAAJ"><i>Be My Baby, How I Survived Mascara, Miniskirts, and Madness or My Life as a Fabulous Ronette</i></a>. Harmony Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0517574997" title="Special:BookSources/978-0517574997"><bdi>978-0517574997</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062717/https://books.google.com/books?id=gS8UAQAAIAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on December 18, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 26,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Be+My+Baby%2C+How+I+Survived+Mascara%2C+Miniskirts%2C+and+Madness+or+My+Life+as+a+Fabulous+Ronette&amp;rft.pub=Harmony+Books&amp;rft.date=1990&amp;rft.isbn=978-0517574997&amp;rft.aulast=Spector&amp;rft.aufirst=Ronnie&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgS8UAQAAIAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://billboardtop100of.com/1966-2/">"1966"</a>. <i>billboard Top 100</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170110025934/http://billboardtop100of.com/1966-2/">Archived</a> from the original on January 10, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 16,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=billboard+Top+100&amp;rft.atitle=1966&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbillboardtop100of.com%2F1966-2%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown2007184-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown2007184_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown2007">Brown 2007</a>, p.&#160;184.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFDimery2011" class="citation book cs1">Dimery, Robert (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UH_EOUR4tmkC&amp;pg=PT450"><i>1001 Songs: You Must Hear Before You Die</i></a>. Cassell Illustrated. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1844037179" title="Special:BookSources/978-1844037179"><bdi>978-1844037179</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160125230452/https://books.google.com/books?id=UH_EOUR4tmkC&amp;pg=PT450">Archived</a> from the original on January 25, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 17,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=1001+Songs%3A+You+Must+Hear+Before+You+Die&amp;rft.pub=Cassell+Illustrated&amp;rft.date=2011&amp;rft.isbn=978-1844037179&amp;rft.aulast=Dimery&amp;rft.aufirst=Robert&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUH_EOUR4tmkC%26pg%3DPT450&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFRamone2017" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Marky_Ramone" title="Marky Ramone">Ramone, Marky</a> (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zzmtDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT177"><i>Punk Rock Blitzkrieg – My Life As A Ramone</i></a>. Kings Road Publishing. p.&#160;177. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1786068170" title="Special:BookSources/978-1786068170"><bdi>978-1786068170</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062803/https://books.google.com/books?id=zzmtDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT177">Archived</a> from the original on December 18, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 26,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Punk+Rock+Blitzkrieg+%E2%80%93+My+Life+As+A+Ramone&amp;rft.pages=177&amp;rft.pub=Kings+Road+Publishing&amp;rft.date=2017&amp;rft.isbn=978-1786068170&amp;rft.aulast=Ramone&amp;rft.aufirst=Marky&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzzmtDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT177&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1966/CB-1966-04-23.pdf">"Philips Signs Ike &amp; Tina Turner"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Cash Box</i>. April 23, 1966. p.&#160;45. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062722/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1966/CB-1966-04-23.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on December 18, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 27,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Cash+Box&amp;rft.atitle=Philips+Signs+Ike+%26+Tina+Turner&amp;rft.pages=45&amp;rft.date=1966-04-23&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanradiohistory.com%2FArchive-All-Music%2FCash-Box%2F60s%2F1966%2FCB-1966-04-23.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1966/CB-1966-04-30.pdf">"Ike &amp; Tina to Philles"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Cash Box</i>. April 30, 1966. p.&#160;56. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062549/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1966/CB-1966-04-30.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on December 18, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 27,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Cash+Box&amp;rft.atitle=Ike+%26+Tina+to+Philles&amp;rft.pages=56&amp;rft.date=1966-04-30&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanradiohistory.com%2FArchive-All-Music%2FCash-Box%2F60s%2F1966%2FCB-1966-04-30.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pc21-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pc21_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFGilliland1969" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Gilliland" title="John Gilliland">Gilliland, John</a> (1969). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc19772/m1">"Show 21 – Forty Miles of Bad Road: Some of the best from rock 'n' roll's dark ages. Part 2&#93;: UNT Digital Library"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(audio)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Pop_Chronicles" title="Pop Chronicles">Pop Chronicles</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Texas_Libraries" title="University of North Texas Libraries">University of North Texas Libraries</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Pop+Chronicles&amp;rft.atitle=Show+21+%E2%80%93+Forty+Miles+of+Bad+Road%3A+Some+of+the+best+from+rock+%27n%27+roll%27s+dark+ages.+Part+2%26%2393%3B%3A+UNT+Digital+Library&amp;rft.date=1969&amp;rft.aulast=Gilliland&amp;rft.aufirst=John&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigital.library.unt.edu%2Fark%3A%2F67531%2Fmetadc19772%2Fm1&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1967/CB-1967-05-27.pdf">"Negotiations Continue For Spector Deal With A&amp;M"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Cash Box</i>. May 27, 1967. p.&#160;7. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062549/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1967/CB-1967-05-27.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on December 18, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 11,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Cash+Box&amp;rft.atitle=Negotiations+Continue+For+Spector+Deal+With+A%26M&amp;rft.pages=7&amp;rft.date=1967-05-27&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanradiohistory.com%2FArchive-All-Music%2FCash-Box%2F60s%2F1967%2FCB-1967-05-27.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americanradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1967/CB-1967-06-03.pdf">"Spector, A&amp;M Deal"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Cash Box</i>. June 3, 1967. p.&#160;7. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062730/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-Music/Cash-Box/60s/1967/CB-1967-06-03.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on December 18, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 11,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Cash+Box&amp;rft.atitle=Spector%2C+A%26M+Deal&amp;rft.pages=7&amp;rft.date=1967-06-03&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanradiohistory.com%2FArchive-All-Music%2FCash-Box%2F60s%2F1967%2FCB-1967-06-03.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams2003128–137-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams2003128–137_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilliams2003">Williams 2003</a>, pp.&#160;128–137.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Thompson2010a-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Thompson2010a_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFDave_Thompson2010" class="citation book cs1">Dave Thompson (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=P9WKBHCxRocC&amp;pg=PT268"><i>Phil Spector: Wall Of Pain</i></a>. 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Nextbook Inc. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tabletmag.com/jewish-arts-and-culture/music/118825/wall-of-crazy">the original</a> on December 15, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 12,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Tablet%3A+A+New+Read+on+Jewish+Life&amp;rft.atitle=Wall+of+Crazy%3A+Phil+Spector+and+Leonard+Cohen%27s+incredible+album%2C+released+35+years+ago%2C+is+a+time+capsule+of+American+pop+music&amp;rft.date=2012-12-11&amp;rft.aulast=Leibovitz&amp;rft.aufirst=Liel&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftabletmag.com%2Fjewish-arts-and-culture%2Fmusic%2F118825%2Fwall-of-crazy&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sqm-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Sqm_94-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402162716/http://squaremirror.com/news/phil-spectors-terrifying-mug-shot-is-horrible/">"Phil Spector's Terrifying MugShot Is Horrible"</a>. <i>SquareMirror.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://squaremirror.com/news/phil-spectors-terrifying-mug-shot-is-horrible/">the original</a> on April 2, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 12,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=SquareMirror.com&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector%27s+Terrifying+MugShot+Is+Horrible&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsquaremirror.com%2Fnews%2Fphil-spectors-terrifying-mug-shot-is-horrible%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFCox2001" class="citation news cs1">Cox, Tom (February 10, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/4721592/A-masterpiece-Was-it.html">"A masterpiece? Was it?"</a>. <i>The Daily Telegraph</i>. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180405160419/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/4721592/A-masterpiece-Was-it.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 5, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 2,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&amp;rft.atitle=A+masterpiece%3F+Was+it%3F&amp;rft.date=2001-02-10&amp;rft.aulast=Cox&amp;rft.aufirst=Tom&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fculture%2F4721592%2FA-masterpiece-Was-it.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFRoberts2009" class="citation web cs1">Roberts, Randall (April 10, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laweekly.com/music/leonard-cohens-prophecy-of-the-phil-spector-lana-clarkson-incident-death-of-a-ladies-man-2404836">"Leonard Cohen's Prophecy of the Phil Spector/Lana Clarkson Incident: 'Death of a Ladies' Man'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/L.A._Weekly" class="mw-redirect" title="L.A. Weekly">L.A. Weekly</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150716120939/http://www.laweekly.com/music/leonard-cohens-prophecy-of-the-phil-spector-lana-clarkson-incident-death-of-a-ladies-man-2404836">Archived</a> from the original on July 16, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 16,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=L.A.+Weekly&amp;rft.atitle=Leonard+Cohen%27s+Prophecy+of+the+Phil+Spector%2FLana+Clarkson+Incident%3A+%27Death+of+a+Ladies%27+Man%27&amp;rft.date=2009-04-10&amp;rft.aulast=Roberts&amp;rft.aufirst=Randall&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.laweekly.com%2Fmusic%2Fleonard-cohens-prophecy-of-the-phil-spector-lana-clarkson-incident-death-of-a-ladies-man-2404836&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jrst-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-jrst_98-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFDevenish,_Colin2002" class="citation magazine cs1">Devenish, Colin (June 24, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090301032347/http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/theramones/articles/story/5934320/johnny_ramone_stays_tough">"Johnny Ramone Stays Tough: Ramones Guitarist Reflects on Dee Dee's Death and the Difficult Eighties"</a>. <i>Rolling Stone</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/artists/theramones/articles/story/5934320/johnny_ramone_stays_tough">the original</a> on March 1, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 5,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&amp;rft.atitle=Johnny+Ramone+Stays+Tough%3A+Ramones+Guitarist+Reflects+on+Dee+Dee%27s+Death+and+the+Difficult+Eighties&amp;rft.date=2002-06-24&amp;rft.au=Devenish%2C+Colin&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fartists%2Ftheramones%2Farticles%2Fstory%2F5934320%2Fjohnny_ramone_stays_tough&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/the-curse-of-the-ramones-20160519?page=8">"The Curse of the Ramones"</a>. <i>Rolling Stone</i>. May 19, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180419184029/https://www.rollingstone.com/music/features/the-curse-of-the-ramones-20160519?page=8">Archived</a> from the original on April 19, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 8,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&amp;rft.atitle=The+Curse+of+the+Ramones&amp;rft.date=2016-05-19&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fmusic%2Ffeatures%2Fthe-curse-of-the-ramones-20160519%3Fpage%3D8&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nme.com/news/ramones/41403">"Marky Ramone: 'Phil Spector didn't hold a gun to us'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>NME</i>. December 2, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304070941/http://www.nme.com/news/ramones/41403">Archived</a> from the original on March 4, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=NME&amp;rft.atitle=Marky+Ramone%3A+%27Phil+Spector+didn%27t+hold+a+gun+to+us%27&amp;rft.date=2008-12-02&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nme.com%2Fnews%2Framones%2F41403&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFMinsky2015" class="citation web cs1">Minsky, David (April 7, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miaminewtimes.com/music/marky-ramone-talks-phil-spector-and-his-first-book-he-never-pointed-a-gun-at-us-7564148">"Marky Ramone on Phil Spector: "He Never Pointed a Gun at Us" – Miami New Times"</a>. <i>Miami New Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150717050034/http://www.miaminewtimes.com/music/marky-ramone-talks-phil-spector-and-his-first-book-he-never-pointed-a-gun-at-us-7564148">Archived</a> from the original on July 17, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 16,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Miami+New+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Marky+Ramone+on+Phil+Spector%3A+%22He+Never+Pointed+a+Gun+at+Us%22+%E2%80%93+Miami+New+Times&amp;rft.date=2015-04-07&amp;rft.aulast=Minsky&amp;rft.aufirst=David&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miaminewtimes.com%2Fmusic%2Fmarky-ramone-talks-phil-spector-and-his-first-book-he-never-pointed-a-gun-at-us-7564148&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Helander2001-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Helander2001_102-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFBrock_Helander2001" class="citation book cs1">Brock Helander (January 1, 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4mbHDgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT659"><i>The Rockin' 60s: The People Who Made the Music</i></a>. Schirmer Trade Books. pp.&#160;659–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85712-811-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85712-811-9"><bdi>978-0-85712-811-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Rockin%27+60s%3A+The+People+Who+Made+the+Music&amp;rft.pages=659-&amp;rft.pub=Schirmer+Trade+Books&amp;rft.date=2001-01-01&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-85712-811-9&amp;rft.au=Brock+Helander&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4mbHDgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT659&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_103-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_103-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFRogers1989" class="citation magazine cs1">Rogers, Sheila (March 9, 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/the-1989-rock-and-roll-hall-of-fame-induction-ceremony-240606/">"The 1989 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony"</a>. <i>Rolling Stone</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 18,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&amp;rft.atitle=The+1989+Rock+and+Roll+Hall+of+Fame+Induction+Ceremony&amp;rft.date=1989-03-09&amp;rft.aulast=Rogers&amp;rft.aufirst=Sheila&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fmusic%2Fmusic-news%2Fthe-1989-rock-and-roll-hall-of-fame-induction-ceremony-240606%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFFrickeRogers1989" class="citation magazine cs1">Fricke, David; Rogers, Sheila (March 9, 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/the-1989-rock-and-roll-hall-of-fame-induction-ceremony-240606/">"The 1989 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stone" title="Rolling Stone">Rolling Stone</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&amp;rft.atitle=The+1989+Rock+and+Roll+Hall+of+Fame+Induction+Ceremony&amp;rft.date=1989-03-09&amp;rft.aulast=Fricke&amp;rft.aufirst=David&amp;rft.au=Rogers%2C+Sheila&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fmusic%2Fmusic-news%2Fthe-1989-rock-and-roll-hall-of-fame-induction-ceremony-240606%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_105-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_105-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_105-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_105-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/phil-spector/16081">"Phil Spector"</a>. <i>Recording Academy Grammy Awards</i>. November 23, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Recording+Academy+Grammy+Awards&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector&amp;rft.date=2020-11-23&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.grammy.com%2Fgrammys%2Fartists%2Fphil-spector%2F16081&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-blasts-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-blasts_106-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-blasts_106-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nme.com/news/music/the-ronettes-2-1350336">"Phil Spector blasts The Ronettes' Hall Of Fame induction"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NME" title="NME">NME</a></i>. March 7, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=NME&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector+blasts+The+Ronettes%27+Hall+Of+Fame+induction&amp;rft.date=2007-03-07&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nme.com%2Fnews%2Fmusic%2Fthe-ronettes-2-1350336&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ew.com-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ew.com_107-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFWillaman2004" class="citation magazine cs1">Willaman, Chris (December 3, 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ew.com/article/2004/12/03/heres-celine-dions-1995-buried-treasure/">"Here's Celine Dion's 1995 <i>buried treasure</i>"</a>. <i>Entertainment Weekly</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107221514/http://ew.com/article/2004/12/03/heres-celine-dions-1995-buried-treasure/">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 6,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Entertainment+Weekly&amp;rft.atitle=Here%27s+Celine+Dion%27s+1995+buried+treasure&amp;rft.date=2004-12-03&amp;rft.aulast=Willaman&amp;rft.aufirst=Chris&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Few.com%2Farticle%2F2004%2F12%2F03%2Fheres-celine-dions-1995-buried-treasure%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/reviews/4b3n">"Music – Review of Starsailor – Silence Is Easy"</a>. BBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171126092150/http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/reviews/4b3n/">Archived</a> from the original on November 26, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 1,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Music+%E2%80%93+Review+of+Starsailor+%E2%80%93+Silence+Is+Easy&amp;rft.pub=BBC&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fmusic%2Freviews%2F4b3n&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFBruno" class="citation web cs1">Bruno, Anthony. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121210114832/http://www.trutv.com/library/crime/notorious_murders/celebrity/phil_spector/index.html">"Phil Spector: The 'mad genius' of rock'n'roll"</a>. <i>TruTV.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trutv.com/library/crime/notorious_murders/celebrity/phil_spector/index.html">the original</a> on December 10, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=TruTV.com&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector%3A+The+%27mad+genius%27+of+rock%27n%27roll&amp;rft.aulast=Bruno&amp;rft.aufirst=Anthony&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.trutv.com%2Flibrary%2Fcrime%2Fnotorious_murders%2Fcelebrity%2Fphil_spector%2Findex.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guardian-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Guardian_110-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guardian_110-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guardian_110-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/mar/17/musicnews.usa">"Phil Spector and the wall of charges"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. London, UK. March 16, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181219090838/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/mar/17/musicnews.usa">Archived</a> from the original on December 19, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 18,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector+and+the+wall+of+charges&amp;rft.date=2007-03-16&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2007%2Fmar%2F17%2Fmusicnews.usa&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Televised-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Televised_111-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Televised_111-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6371665.stm">"US Spector trial to be televised"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>. London: <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>. February 17, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080308122416/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6371665.stm">Archived</a> from the original on March 8, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 9,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=BBC+News&amp;rft.atitle=US+Spector+trial+to+be+televised&amp;rft.date=2007-02-17&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fentertainment%2F6371665.stm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/album/in-your-eyes-mw0001110137">"In Your Eyes – Hargo"</a>. Songs, Reviews, Credits, Awards. AllMusic. July 24, 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200502144132/https://www.allmusic.com/album/in-your-eyes-mw0001110137">Archived</a> from the original on May 2, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 1,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=In+Your+Eyes+%E2%80%93+Hargo&amp;rft.series=Songs%2C+Reviews%2C+Credits%2C+Awards&amp;rft.pub=AllMusic&amp;rft.date=2006-07-24&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Falbum%2Fin-your-eyes-mw0001110137&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nme.com/news/phil-spector/30309">"Phil Spector continues work in studio"</a>. <i>NME</i>. August 13, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304080142/http://www.nme.com/news/phil-spector/30309">Archived</a> from the original on March 4, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=NME&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector+continues+work+in+studio&amp;rft.date=2007-08-13&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nme.com%2Fnews%2Fphil-spector%2F30309&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes_mistrial-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nytimes_mistrial_114-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFArchibold2007" class="citation news cs1">Archibold, Randal C. (September 27, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/27/us/27spector.html">"Mistrial Declared in Spector Murder Case"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090416050800/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/27/us/27spector.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 16, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 26,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Mistrial+Declared+in+Spector+Murder+Case&amp;rft.date=2007-09-27&amp;rft.aulast=Archibold&amp;rft.aufirst=Randal+C.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F09%2F27%2Fus%2F27spector.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFMorrison2007" class="citation web cs1">Morrison, Keith (September 12, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/id/20749858/ns/dateline_nbc-phil_spector_trial/t/facing-music/#.XBl-nUtRfm0">"Facing the music"</a>. New York City: <a href="/wiki/NBC_News" title="NBC News">NBC News</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181219044215/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/20749858/ns/dateline_nbc-phil_spector_trial/t/facing-music/#.XBl-nUtRfm0">Archived</a> from the original on December 19, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 18,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Facing+the+music&amp;rft.place=New+York+City&amp;rft.pub=NBC+News&amp;rft.date=2007-09-12&amp;rft.aulast=Morrison&amp;rft.aufirst=Keith&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fid%2F20749858%2Fns%2Fdateline_nbc-phil_spector_trial%2Ft%2Ffacing-music%2F%23.XBl-nUtRfm0&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nme.com/reviews/mutya-buena/8623">"Mutya Buena"</a>. <i>NME</i>. June 1, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160415053710/http://www.nme.com/reviews/mutya-buena/8623">Archived</a> from the original on April 15, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=NME&amp;rft.atitle=Mutya+Buena&amp;rft.date=2007-06-01&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nme.com%2Freviews%2Fmutya-buena%2F8623&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QAHdAVOiw6Q">"Amy Winehouse: To know him is to love him (live)"</a>. October 31, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160606092928/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QAHdAVOiw6Q">Archived</a> from the original on June 6, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2010</span> &#8211; via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Amy+Winehouse%3A+To+know+him+is+to+love+him+%28live%29&amp;rft.date=2009-10-31&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DQAHdAVOiw6Q&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nme.com/news/ike-turner/33364">"Phil Spector criticises Tina Turner at Ike Turner's funeral"</a>. <i>NME</i>. December 23, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160907050201/http://www.nme.com/news/ike-turner/33364">Archived</a> from the original on September 7, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=NME&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector+criticises+Tina+Turner+at+Ike+Turner%27s+funeral&amp;rft.date=2007-12-23&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nme.com%2Fnews%2Fike-turner%2F33364&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFThorpe2008" class="citation news cs1">Thorpe, Vanessa (February 18, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://music.guardian.co.uk/news/story/0,,2257524,00.html?gusrc=rss&amp;feed=uknews">"Phil Spector breaks his silence before second trial for murder"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. Music Guardian. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062644/https://www.theguardian.com/music/2008/feb/17/news.television">Archived</a> from the original on December 18, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector+breaks+his+silence+before+second+trial+for+murder&amp;rft.date=2008-02-18&amp;rft.aulast=Thorpe&amp;rft.aufirst=Vanessa&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmusic.guardian.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fstory%2F0%2C%2C2257524%2C00.html%3Fgusrc%3Drss%26feed%3Duknews&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nme.com/news/phil-spector/40549">"Phil Spector murder retrial gets underway, Jury selection begins in LA"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NME" title="NME">NME</a></i>. London: <a href="/wiki/TI_Media" title="TI Media">TI Media</a>. October 21, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130616210039/http://www.nme.com/news/phil-spector/40549">Archived</a> from the original on June 16, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 31,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=NME&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector+murder+retrial+gets+underway%2C+Jury+selection+begins+in+LA&amp;rft.date=2008-10-21&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nme.com%2Fnews%2Fphil-spector%2F40549&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/news-photo/attorney-jennifer-barringer-looks-on-as-phil-spector-looks-news-photo/85948115#attorney-jennifer-barringer-looks-on-as-phil-spector-looks-down-after-picture-id85948115">"Attorney Jennifer Barringer (L) looks on pictures"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Getty_Images" title="Getty Images">Getty Images</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202071501/https://www.gettyimages.com.au/detail/news-photo/attorney-jennifer-barringer-looks-on-as-phil-spector-looks-news-photo/85948115#attorney-jennifer-barringer-looks-on-as-phil-spector-looks-down-after-picture-id85948115">Archived</a> from the original on February 2, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 1,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Getty+Images&amp;rft.atitle=Attorney+Jennifer+Barringer+%28L%29+looks+on+pictures&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gettyimages.com.au%2Fdetail%2Fnews-photo%2Fattorney-jennifer-barringer-looks-on-as-phil-spector-looks-news-photo%2F85948115%23attorney-jennifer-barringer-looks-on-as-phil-spector-looks-down-after-picture-id85948115&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFLi2009" class="citation news cs1">Li, David K. (April 13, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nypost.com/seven/04132009/news/nationalnews/phil_spector_faces_the_music_164259.htm">"Phil Spector faces the music"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Post" title="New York Post">New York Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090727022523/http://www.nypost.com/seven/04132009/news/nationalnews/phil_spector_faces_the_music_164259.htm">Archived</a> from the original on July 27, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=New+York+Post&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector+faces+the+music&amp;rft.date=2009-04-13&amp;rft.aulast=Li&amp;rft.aufirst=David+K.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nypost.com%2Fseven%2F04132009%2Fnews%2Fnationalnews%2Fphil_spector_faces_the_music_164259.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6984082.stm">"Phil Spector convicted of murder"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>. London: <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>. April 13, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090414012017/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6984082.stm">Archived</a> from the original on April 14, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 13,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=BBC+News&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector+convicted+of+murder&amp;rft.date=2009-04-13&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fentertainment%2F6984082.stm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-conviction-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-conviction_124-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.knx1070.com/Convicted--Spector-Found-Guilty-of-2nd-Degree-Murd/4193920">"Phil Spector found guilty of 2nd degree murder"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. April 13, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 18,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector+found+guilty+of+2nd+degree+murder&amp;rft.date=2009-04-13&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.knx1070.com%2FConvicted--Spector-Found-Guilty-of-2nd-Degree-Murd%2F4193920&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title="&#160;Dead link tagged July 2019">permanent dead link</span></a></i>&#93;</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cnn_sentencing-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cnn_sentencing_125-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFDuke,_Alan2009" class="citation news cs1">Duke, Alan (May 29, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2009/CRIME/05/29/spector.sentencing/index.html">"Phil Spector gets 19 years to life for murder of actress"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100923030324/http://edition.cnn.com/2009/CRIME/05/29/spector.sentencing/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 23, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 30,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector+gets+19+years+to+life+for+murder+of+actress&amp;rft.date=2009-05-29&amp;rft.au=Duke%2C+Alan&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2009%2FCRIME%2F05%2F29%2Fspector.sentencing%2Findex.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CDCR_inmate_locator-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CDCR_inmate_locator_126-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CDCR_inmate_locator_126-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inmatelocator.cdcr.ca.gov/Details.aspx?ID=G63408">"CDCR Inmate Locator"</a>. cdcr.ca.gov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062744/https://inmatelocator.cdcr.ca.gov/default.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on December 18, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 4,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=CDCR+Inmate+Locator&amp;rft.pub=cdcr.ca.gov&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finmatelocator.cdcr.ca.gov%2FDetails.aspx%3FID%3DG63408&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Weber-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Weber_127-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFWeberDeutsch2021" class="citation news cs1">Weber, Christopher; Deutsch, Linda (January 17, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.yahoo.com/news/phil-spector-famed-music-producer-160916853.html">"Phil Spector, famed music producer and murderer, dies at 81"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> &#8211; via <a href="/wiki/Yahoo!" title="Yahoo!">Yahoo!</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector%2C+famed+music+producer+and+murderer%2C+dies+at+81&amp;rft.date=2021-01-17&amp;rft.aulast=Weber&amp;rft.aufirst=Christopher&amp;rft.au=Deutsch%2C+Linda&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.yahoo.com%2Fnews%2Fphil-spector-famed-music-producer-160916853.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Davies-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Davies_128-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFDavies2021" class="citation news cs1">Davies, Caroline (January 17, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jan/17/phil-spector-pop-producer-convicted-of-dies-aged-81">"Phil Spector, pop producer convicted of murder, dies aged 81"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector%2C+pop+producer+convicted+of+murder%2C+dies+aged+81&amp;rft.date=2021-01-17&amp;rft.aulast=Davies&amp;rft.aufirst=Caroline&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fus-news%2F2021%2Fjan%2F17%2Fphil-spector-pop-producer-convicted-of-dies-aged-81&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC2011-08-18-01a-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBC2011-08-18-01a_129-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-14571589">"Phil Spector denied murder appeal"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>. August 18, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Phil+Spector+denied+murder+appeal&amp;rft.pub=BBC&amp;rft.date=2011-08-18&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fentertainment-arts-14571589&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guardian2012-02-22-01a-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guardian2012-02-22-01a_130-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFSean_Michaels2012" class="citation news cs1">Sean Michaels (February 22, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2012/feb/22/phil-spector-appeal-supreme-court">"Phil Spector appeal rejected by US supreme court"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2021</span>. <q>The music producer's conviction for the murder of Lana Clarkson in 2003 will not be overturned after court refuses to hear appeal ... The court let stand a California appeals court ruling last May that upheld Spector's conviction for the murder of Lana Clarkson in 2003. The court offered no comment on the case.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector+appeal+rejected+by+US+supreme+court&amp;rft.date=2012-02-22&amp;rft.au=Sean+Michaels&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2012%2Ffeb%2F22%2Fphil-spector-appeal-supreme-court&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RadarOnline-01a-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RadarOnline-01a_131-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://radaronline.com/exclusives/2016/06/phil-spector-appeal-denied-murdered-remain-prison-lana-clarkson-guilty-sentence/">"Phil Spector's Battle For Freedom Is Over! Judge Rules On Appeal"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Radar_Online" title="Radar Online">Radar Online</a></i>. June 17, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Radar+Online&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector%27s+Battle+For+Freedom+Is+Over%21+Judge+Rules+On+Appeal&amp;rft.date=2016-06-17&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fradaronline.com%2Fexclusives%2F2016%2F06%2Fphil-spector-appeal-denied-murdered-remain-prison-lana-clarkson-guilty-sentence%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFPalmer1977" class="citation news cs1">Palmer, Robert (March 20, 1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1977/03/20/archives/phil-spector-master-of-the-60s-sound.html">"Phil Spector‐Master Of the 60's Sound"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181219044009/https://www.nytimes.com/1977/03/20/archives/phil-spector-master-of-the-60s-sound.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 19, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 18,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector%E2%80%90Master+Of+the+60%27s+Sound&amp;rft.date=1977-03-20&amp;rft.aulast=Palmer&amp;rft.aufirst=Robert&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1977%2F03%2F20%2Farchives%2Fphil-spector-master-of-the-60s-sound.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFDeCurtis1999" class="citation book cs1">DeCurtis, Anthony (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=710jaQyASrcC&amp;pg=PA142"><i>Rocking My Life Away: Writing about Music and Other Matters</i></a>. Durham, North Carolina: Duke University Press. p.&#160;142. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0822324199" title="Special:BookSources/0822324199"><bdi>0822324199</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 4,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Rocking+My+Life+Away%3A+Writing+about+Music+and+Other+Matters&amp;rft.place=Durham%2C+North+Carolina&amp;rft.pages=142&amp;rft.pub=Duke+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1999&amp;rft.isbn=0822324199&amp;rft.aulast=DeCurtis&amp;rft.aufirst=Anthony&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D710jaQyASrcC%26pg%3DPA142&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFEddy2011" class="citation magazine cs1">Eddy, Chuck (April 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WI46846SAhwC&amp;q=phil+spector+jack+nitzsche+sonny+bono+lieutenants&amp;pg=PA79">"Essentials: A Mad Genius Turns the Wall of Sound Into Rock's Most Transcendent Trick"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Spin_(magazine)" title="Spin (magazine)">Spin</a></i>. p.&#160;79. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062616/https://books.google.com/books?id=WI46846SAhwC&amp;q=phil+spector+jack+nitzsche+sonny+bono+lieutenants&amp;pg=PA79">Archived</a> from the original on December 18, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 18,</span> 2018</span> &#8211; via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Spin&amp;rft.atitle=Essentials%3A+A+Mad+Genius+Turns+the+Wall+of+Sound+Into+Rock%27s+Most+Transcendent+Trick&amp;rft.pages=79&amp;rft.date=2011-04&amp;rft.aulast=Eddy&amp;rft.aufirst=Chuck&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWI46846SAhwC%26q%3Dphil%2Bspector%2Bjack%2Bnitzsche%2Bsonny%2Bbono%2Blieutenants%26pg%3DPA79&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFRyan2009" class="citation news cs1">Ryan, Harriet (April 8, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://articles.latimes.com/2009/apr/08/local/me-spector-money8">"Spector's long legal battles may be sapping his fortune"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160517025849/http://articles.latimes.com/2009/apr/08/local/me-spector-money8">Archived</a> from the original on May 17, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 18,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Spector%27s+long+legal+battles+may+be+sapping+his+fortune&amp;rft.date=2009-04-08&amp;rft.aulast=Ryan&amp;rft.aufirst=Harriet&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farticles.latimes.com%2F2009%2Fapr%2F08%2Flocal%2Fme-spector-money8&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6467441.stm">"Entertainment &#124; Phil Spector's Wall of Sound"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>. London, England: <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>. April 14, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120326190524/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6467441.stm">Archived</a> from the original on March 26, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 14,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=BBC+News&amp;rft.atitle=Entertainment+%26%23124%3B+Phil+Spector%27s+Wall+of+Sound&amp;rft.date=2009-04-14&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fentertainment%2F6467441.stm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrown2007184–185-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrown2007184–185_137-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrown2007">Brown 2007</a>, pp.&#160;184–185.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Landrum-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Landrum_138-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFLandrum2021" class="citation news cs1">Landrum, Jonathon Jr. (January 17, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.yahoo.com/news/phil-spectors-death-resurrects-mixed-024909351.html">"Phil Spector's death resurrects mixed reaction from skeptics"</a>. Los Angeles. Associated Press. <q>But while Spector made his mark as a revolutionary music producer, the stories of him waving guns at recording artists and being convicted of murder overshadowed his artistry.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector%27s+death+resurrects+mixed+reaction+from+skeptics&amp;rft.date=2021-01-17&amp;rft.aulast=Landrum&amp;rft.aufirst=Jonathon+Jr.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.yahoo.com%2Fnews%2Fphil-spectors-death-resurrects-mixed-024909351.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEisenberg2005103-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEisenberg2005103_139-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEisenberg2005">Eisenberg 2005</a>, p.&#160;103.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBannister2007158-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBannister2007158_140-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBannister2007">Bannister 2007</a>, p.&#160;158.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFBergstrom2011" class="citation web cs1">Bergstrom, John (January 13, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.popmatters.com/review/135411-george-harrison-all-things-must-pass/">"George Harrison: All Things Must Pass"</a>. <i>PopMatters</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131213100310/http://www.popmatters.com/review/135411-george-harrison-all-things-must-pass/">Archived</a> from the original on December 13, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 28,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=PopMatters&amp;rft.atitle=George+Harrison%3A+All+Things+Must+Pass&amp;rft.date=2011-01-13&amp;rft.aulast=Bergstrom&amp;rft.aufirst=John&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.popmatters.com%2Freview%2F135411-george-harrison-all-things-must-pass%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBannister200739-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBannister200739_142-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBannister200739_142-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBannister200739_142-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBannister2007">Bannister 2007</a>, p.&#160;39.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFReed1966" class="citation magazine cs1">Reed, Lou (December 1966). "The View from the Bandstand". <i>Aspen Magazine</i>. No.&#160;3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Aspen+Magazine&amp;rft.atitle=The+View+from+the+Bandstand&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.date=1966-12&amp;rft.aulast=Reed&amp;rft.aufirst=Lou&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFTamm1995" class="citation book cs1">Tamm, Eric (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rTiz6x13730C"><i>Brian Eno: His Music and the Vertical Color of Sound</i></a> (Updated ed., 1. Da Capo Press&#160;ed.). New York: Da Capo Press. p.&#160;30. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-306-80649-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-306-80649-0"><bdi>978-0-306-80649-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160517105148/https://books.google.com/books?id=rTiz6x13730C">Archived</a> from the original on May 17, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 26,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Brian+Eno%3A+His+Music+and+the+Vertical+Color+of+Sound&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pages=30&amp;rft.edition=Updated+ed.%2C+1.+Da+Capo+Press&amp;rft.pub=Da+Capo+Press&amp;rft.date=1995&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-306-80649-0&amp;rft.aulast=Tamm&amp;rft.aufirst=Eric&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrTiz6x13730C&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150123023220/http://vimeo.com/32710229">"Lecture: Tony Visconti (Madrid 2011)"</a>. Red Bull Music Academy. 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vimeo.com/32710229">the original</a> on January 23, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 20,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Lecture%3A+Tony+Visconti+%28Madrid+2011%29&amp;rft.pub=Red+Bull+Music+Academy&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvimeo.com%2F32710229&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFGuthrie1993" class="citation magazine cs1">Guthrie, Robin (November 6, 1993). "Robin Guthrie of Cocteau Twins Talks about the Records That Changed His Life". <i>Melody Maker</i>. p.&#160;27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Melody+Maker&amp;rft.atitle=Robin+Guthrie+of+Cocteau+Twins+Talks+about+the+Records+That+Changed+His+Life&amp;rft.pages=27&amp;rft.date=1993-11-06&amp;rft.aulast=Guthrie&amp;rft.aufirst=Robin&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFAdamsCasciatoEakinHeller2013" class="citation web cs1">Adams, Erik; Casciato, Cory; Eakin, Marah; Heller, Jason; Sava, Oliver; Zaleski, Annie (September 2, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.avclub.com/article/kick-kick-kick-snare-repeat-15-songs-that-borrow-t-102315">"Kick kick kick snare, repeat: 15 songs that borrow the drum intro from 'Be My Baby'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>AV Club</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170819045850/http://www.avclub.com/article/kick-kick-kick-snare-repeat-15-songs-that-borrow-t-102315">Archived</a> from the original on August 19, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 4,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=AV+Club&amp;rft.atitle=Kick+kick+kick+snare%2C+repeat%3A+15+songs+that+borrow+the+drum+intro+from+%27Be+My+Baby%27&amp;rft.date=2013-09-02&amp;rft.aulast=Adams&amp;rft.aufirst=Erik&amp;rft.au=Casciato%2C+Cory&amp;rft.au=Eakin%2C+Marah&amp;rft.au=Heller%2C+Jason&amp;rft.au=Sava%2C+Oliver&amp;rft.au=Zaleski%2C+Annie&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.avclub.com%2Farticle%2Fkick-kick-kick-snare-repeat-15-songs-that-borrow-t-102315&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFGrevatt1966" class="citation news cs1">Grevatt, Ron (March 19, 1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://i1218.photobucket.com/albums/dd420/kwan_dk/MMMarch191966.jpg">"Beach Boys' Blast"</a>. <i>Melody Maker</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303193107/http://i1218.photobucket.com/albums/dd420/kwan_dk/MMMarch191966.jpg">Archived</a> from the original on March 3, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 23,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Melody+Maker&amp;rft.atitle=Beach+Boys%27+Blast&amp;rft.date=1966-03-19&amp;rft.aulast=Grevatt&amp;rft.aufirst=Ron&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fi1218.photobucket.com%2Falbums%2Fdd420%2Fkwan_dk%2FMMMarch191966.jpg&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFLambert2007" class="citation book cs1">Lambert, Philip (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7XsZAQAAIAAJ"><i>Inside the Music of Brian Wilson: the Songs, Sounds, and Influences of the Beach Boys' Founding Genius</i></a>. Continuum. pp.&#160;331–79. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8264-1876-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8264-1876-0"><bdi>978-0-8264-1876-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160515190704/https://books.google.com/books?id=7XsZAQAAIAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on May 15, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Inside+the+Music+of+Brian+Wilson%3A+the+Songs%2C+Sounds%2C+and+Influences+of+the+Beach+Boys%27+Founding+Genius&amp;rft.pages=331-79&amp;rft.pub=Continuum&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-8264-1876-0&amp;rft.aulast=Lambert&amp;rft.aufirst=Philip&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7XsZAQAAIAAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ward2018-150"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ward2018_150-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFWard2018" class="citation book cs1">Ward, Kit (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CCBzDwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT35"><i>City of Song: A London Sixties Music Trail</i></a>. Prydain Press. pp.&#160;35–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-916469-31-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-916469-31-0"><bdi>978-1-916469-31-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=City+of+Song%3A+A+London+Sixties+Music+Trail&amp;rft.pages=35-&amp;rft.pub=Prydain+Press&amp;rft.date=2018&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-916469-31-0&amp;rft.aulast=Ward&amp;rft.aufirst=Kit&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCCBzDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT35&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilliams200324-151"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilliams200324_151-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilliams2003">Williams 2003</a>, p.&#160;24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Publications2012-152"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Publications2012_152-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DHXHDgAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA34"><i>Really Easy Piano: ABBA</i></a>. Wise Publications. 2012. pp.&#160;34–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85712-947-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85712-947-5"><bdi>978-0-85712-947-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Really+Easy+Piano%3A+ABBA&amp;rft.pages=34-&amp;rft.pub=Wise+Publications&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-85712-947-5&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDHXHDgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA34&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFJennings2005" class="citation web cs1">Jennings, Steve (March 1, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mixonline.com/recording/classic-tracks-wall-voodoos-mexican-radio-365502">"Classic Tracks: Wall of Voodoo's "Mexican Radio"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Mix_(magazine)" title="Mix (magazine)">Mix</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Mix&amp;rft.atitle=Classic+Tracks%3A+Wall+of+Voodoo%27s+%22Mexican+Radio%22&amp;rft.date=2005-03-01&amp;rft.aulast=Jennings&amp;rft.aufirst=Steve&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mixonline.com%2Frecording%2Fclassic-tracks-wall-voodoos-mexican-radio-365502&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFB.2013" class="citation web cs1">B., Sheila (August 13, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chachacharming.com/music/nippon-girls-japanese-synth-pop-bubble-gum-and-ballads-mix-1971-1985/">"Nippon Girls: Japanese Synth-pop, Bubble-gum, and Ballads Mix (1971-1985)"</a>. <i>Chacha Charming</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Chacha+Charming&amp;rft.atitle=Nippon+Girls%3A+Japanese+Synth-pop%2C+Bubble-gum%2C+and+Ballads+Mix+%281971-1985%29&amp;rft.date=2013-08-13&amp;rft.aulast=B.&amp;rft.aufirst=Sheila&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chachacharming.com%2Fmusic%2Fnippon-girls-japanese-synth-pop-bubble-gum-and-ballads-mix-1971-1985%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jculinferno.tumblr.com/post/84173600466/eiichi-ohtaki-japanese-music-otaku-legend">"Eiichi Ohtaki- Japanese music otaku legend"</a>. <i>jculinferno</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=jculinferno&amp;rft.atitle=Eiichi+Ohtaki-+Japanese+music+otaku+legend&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjculinferno.tumblr.com%2Fpost%2F84173600466%2Feiichi-ohtaki-japanese-music-otaku-legend&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailybreeze.com/general-news/20090720/phil-spectors-first-wife-reported-missing">"Phil Spector's first wife reported missing"</a>. <i>Daily Breeze</i>. July 20, 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062619/https://www.dailybreeze.com/2009/07/20/phil-spectors-first-wife-reported-missing/">Archived</a> from the original on December 18, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 13,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Daily+Breeze&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector%27s+first+wife+reported+missing&amp;rft.date=2009-07-20&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailybreeze.com%2Fgeneral-news%2F20090720%2Fphil-spectors-first-wife-reported-missing&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2022" class="citation book cs1">Williams, Richard (January 12, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vyyVGNycEA0C&amp;dq=divorced&amp;pg=PT107"><i>Phil Spector: Out Of His Head</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780857120564" title="Special:BookSources/9780857120564"><bdi>9780857120564</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 13,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Phil+Spector%3A+Out+Of+His+Head&amp;rft.date=2022-01-12&amp;rft.isbn=9780857120564&amp;rft.aulast=Williams&amp;rft.aufirst=Richard&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvyyVGNycEA0C%26dq%3Ddivorced%26pg%3DPT107&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enotes.com/contemporary-musicians/spector-ronnie-biography">"Spector, Ronnie Study Guide &amp; Homework Help"</a>. eNotes.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062551/https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/who-was-ronnie-spector-what-did-she-contribute-468884">Archived</a> from the original on December 18, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 31,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Spector%2C+Ronnie+Study+Guide+%26+Homework+Help&amp;rft.pub=eNotes.com&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.enotes.com%2Fcontemporary-musicians%2Fspector-ronnie-biography&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-159"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_159-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_159-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_159-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-01-17/phil-spector-pop-music-hitmaker-convicted-of-murder-dies-at-81">"Phil Spector, Pop Music Hitmaker Convicted of Murder, Dies at 81"</a>. <i>Bloomberg</i>. January 17, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 19,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Bloomberg&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector%2C+Pop+Music+Hitmaker+Convicted+of+Murder%2C+Dies+at+81&amp;rft.date=2021-01-17&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2021-01-17%2Fphil-spector-pop-music-hitmaker-convicted-of-murder-dies-at-81&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-160"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_160-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_160-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFMuller2013" class="citation web cs1">Muller, Marissa G. (November 12, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/rqeg3r/ronnie-spector-interview-2013">"Ronnie Spector: The Original Icon"</a>. <i>Vice</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200502151037/https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/rqeg3r/ronnie-spector-interview-2013">Archived</a> from the original on May 2, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 13,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Vice&amp;rft.atitle=Ronnie+Spector%3A+The+Original+Icon&amp;rft.date=2013-11-12&amp;rft.aulast=Muller&amp;rft.aufirst=Marissa+G.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vice.com%2Fen_us%2Farticle%2Frqeg3r%2Fronnie-spector-interview-2013&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFHoby2014" class="citation news cs1">Hoby, Hermione (March 6, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/rockandpopfeatures/10676805/Ronnie-Spector-interview-The-more-Phil-tried-to-destroy-me-the-stronger-I-got.html">"Ronnie Spector interview: 'The more Phil tried to destroy me, the stronger I got'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The Daily Telegraph</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0307-1235">0307-1235</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140529103205/http://entertainment.ca.msn.com/music/photos/gallery.aspx?cp-documentid=24160517&amp;page=7">Archived</a> from the original on May 29, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 25,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&amp;rft.atitle=Ronnie+Spector+interview%3A+%27The+more+Phil+tried+to+destroy+me%2C+the+stronger+I+got%27&amp;rft.date=2014-03-06&amp;rft.issn=0307-1235&amp;rft.aulast=Hoby&amp;rft.aufirst=Hermione&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fculture%2Fmusic%2Frockandpopfeatures%2F10676805%2FRonnie-Spector-interview-The-more-Phil-tried-to-destroy-me-the-stronger-I-got.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFArena1998" class="citation web cs1">Arena, Salvatore (June 11, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/marriage-hit-wrong-chord-ronette-article-1.797108">"Marriage Hit Wrong Chord, Says Ronette"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_News_(New_York)" class="mw-redirect" title="Daily News (New York)">Daily News</a></i>. New York. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190702141716/https://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/marriage-hit-wrong-chord-ronette-article-1.797108">Archived</a> from the original on July 2, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 13,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Daily+News&amp;rft.atitle=Marriage+Hit+Wrong+Chord%2C+Says+Ronette&amp;rft.date=1998-06-11&amp;rft.aulast=Arena&amp;rft.aufirst=Salvatore&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Farchives%2Fnews%2Fmarriage-hit-wrong-chord-ronette-article-1.797108&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GaryDonte-163"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GaryDonte_163-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GaryDonte_163-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/spector-sons-dad-caged-article-1.669891">"Spector's Sons: Dad Caged Us"</a>. <i>Daily News</i>. New York. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171201042449/http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/spector-sons-dad-caged-article-1.669891">Archived</a> from the original on December 1, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 25,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Daily+News&amp;rft.atitle=Spector%27s+Sons%3A+Dad+Caged+Us&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Farchives%2Fnews%2Fspector-sons-dad-caged-article-1.669891&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFWillis2007" class="citation news cs1">Willis, Tim (April 18, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/3664496/Phil-Spectors-troubled-life.html">"Phil Spector's troubled life"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180913002443/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/3664496/Phil-Spectors-troubled-life.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 13, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 12,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector%27s+troubled+life&amp;rft.date=2007-04-18&amp;rft.aulast=Willis&amp;rft.aufirst=Tim&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fculture%2Fbooks%2F3664496%2FPhil-Spectors-troubled-life.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFSam" class="citation magazine cs1">Sam, Robert. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091130102156/http://www.vanityfair.com/fame/features/2003/06/spector200306?currentPage=6">"Legend with a Bullet"</a>. <i>Vanity Fair</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vanityfair.com/fame/features/2003/06/spector200306?currentPage=6">the original</a> on November 30, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 31,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Vanity+Fair&amp;rft.atitle=Legend+with+a+Bullet&amp;rft.aulast=Sam&amp;rft.aufirst=Robert&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vanityfair.com%2Ffame%2Ffeatures%2F2003%2F06%2Fspector200306%3FcurrentPage%3D6&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tmz.com/2016/04/23/phil-spector-divorce">"Phil Spector Files for Divorce: My Wife's Killing Me"</a>. <i>TMZ</i>. April 23, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200502202445/https://www.tmz.com/2016/04/23/phil-spector-divorce/">Archived</a> from the original on May 2, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 23,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=TMZ&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector+Files+for+Divorce%3A+My+Wife%27s+Killing+Me&amp;rft.date=2016-04-23&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tmz.com%2F2016%2F04%2F23%2Fphil-spector-divorce&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2013/06/25/us/phil-spector-fast-facts/index.html">"Phil Spector Fast Facts"</a>. CNN. March 25, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Phil+Spector+Fast+Facts&amp;rft.pub=CNN&amp;rft.date=2021-03-25&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2013%2F06%2F25%2Fus%2Fphil-spector-fast-facts%2Findex.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AP2021-168"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AP2021_168-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFWeberDeutsch2021" class="citation news cs1">Weber, Christopher; Deutsch, Linda (January 17, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/phil-spector-los-angeles-music-lana-clarkson-california-2845684db91046267039f7d628ce20d4">"Phil Spector, famed music producer and murderer, dies at 81"</a>. <i>AP News</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=AP+News&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector%2C+famed+music+producer+and+murderer%2C+dies+at+81&amp;rft.date=2021-01-17&amp;rft.aulast=Weber&amp;rft.aufirst=Christopher&amp;rft.au=Deutsch%2C+Linda&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fphil-spector-los-angeles-music-lana-clarkson-california-2845684db91046267039f7d628ce20d4&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2007-06-28-phil-spector_N.htm">"Defense expert, prosecutor spar in Phil Spector murder trial"</a>. <i>USA Today</i>. June 28, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070818110753/http://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2007-06-28-phil-spector_N.htm">Archived</a> from the original on August 18, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 31,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=USA+Today&amp;rft.atitle=Defense+expert%2C+prosecutor+spar+in+Phil+Spector+murder+trial&amp;rft.date=2007-06-28&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Flife%2Fpeople%2F2007-06-28-phil-spector_N.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nola.com/crime/index.ssf/2014/09/phil_spector_new_photos_show_t.html">Phil Spector: New photos show toll of age, prison on pop legend</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140927000125/http://www.nola.com/crime/index.ssf/2014/09/phil_spector_new_photos_show_t.html">Archived</a> September 27, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Published September 23, 2014. Retrieved September 24, 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/world/americas/article4216495.ece">Phil Spector photos show prison taking its toll</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140924220610/http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/world/americas/article4216495.ece">Archived</a> September 24, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i>. Retrieved September 24, 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Silence-172"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Silence_172-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Silence_172-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/jailed-phil-spectors-wall-silence-4331279">"Jailed Phil Spector's wall of silence as he loses ability to speak"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Mirror" title="Daily Mirror">Daily Mirror</a></i>. September 26, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171221213140/http://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/jailed-phil-spectors-wall-silence-4331279">Archived</a> from the original on December 21, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Daily+Mirror&amp;rft.atitle=Jailed+Phil+Spector%27s+wall+of+silence+as+he+loses+ability+to+speak&amp;rft.date=2014-09-26&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mirror.co.uk%2F3am%2Fcelebrity-news%2Fjailed-phil-spectors-wall-silence-4331279&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/music/record-producer-phil-spector-loses-voice-facility-sick-inmates-article-1.1954901">"Music producer Phil Spector loses voice, now in facility for sick inmates"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_News_(New_York)" class="mw-redirect" title="Daily News (New York)">Daily News</a></i>. New York. September 27, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140930080711/http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/music/record-producer-phil-spector-loses-voice-facility-sick-inmates-article-1.1954901">Archived</a> from the original on September 30, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Daily+News&amp;rft.atitle=Music+producer+Phil+Spector+loses+voice%2C+now+in+facility+for+sick+inmates&amp;rft.date=2014-09-27&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fentertainment%2Fmusic%2Frecord-producer-phil-spector-loses-voice-facility-sick-inmates-article-1.1954901&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grimes2021-174"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Grimes2021_174-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Grimes2021_174-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFGrimes2021" class="citation news cs1">Grimes, William (January 17, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211228/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/17/arts/music/phil-spector-dead.html">"Phil Spector, Famed Music Producer Imprisoned in Slaying, Dies at 81"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. Archived from <span class="cs1-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/17/arts/music/phil-spector-dead.html">the original</a></span> on December 28, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector%2C+Famed+Music+Producer+Imprisoned+in+Slaying%2C+Dies+at+81&amp;rft.date=2021-01-17&amp;rft.aulast=Grimes&amp;rft.aufirst=William&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2021%2F01%2F17%2Farts%2Fmusic%2Fphil-spector-dead.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/news/2021/01/17/inmate-phillip-spector-dies-of-natural-causes/">"CDCR Inmate Locator"</a>. California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201218062711/https://inmatelocator.cdcr.ca.gov/default.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on December 18, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 4,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=CDCR+Inmate+Locator&amp;rft.pub=California+Department+of+Corrections+and+Rehabilitation&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdcr.ca.gov%2Fnews%2F2021%2F01%2F17%2Finmate-phillip-spector-dies-of-natural-causes%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cromelin2021-176"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cromelin2021_176-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFCromelinWigglesworthWinton2021" class="citation news cs1">Cromelin, Richard; Wigglesworth, Alex; Winton, Richard (January 17, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-01-17/phil-spector-dead">"Phil Spector, music producer convicted of murder, dies at 81 after contracting COVID-19"</a>. Obituaries. <i>Los Angeles Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2021</span>. <q>Before he was transferred to a hospital, Spector had been an inmate at the California Health Care Facility in Stockton</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Phil+Spector%2C+music+producer+convicted+of+murder%2C+dies+at+81+after+contracting+COVID-19&amp;rft.date=2021-01-17&amp;rft.aulast=Cromelin&amp;rft.aufirst=Richard&amp;rft.au=Wigglesworth%2C+Alex&amp;rft.au=Winton%2C+Richard&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fcalifornia%2Fstory%2F2021-01-17%2Fphil-spector-dead&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Whitcomb2021-177"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Whitcomb2021_177-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFWhitcomb2021" class="citation news cs1">Whitcomb, Dan (January 18, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://amp.smh.com.au/world/north-america/phil-spector-music-producer-and-convicted-killer-dies-after-contracting-covid-19-20210118-p56uso.html">"Phil Spector, music producer and convicted killer, dies after contracting COVID-19"</a>. <i>The Sydney Morning Herald</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Metal+Hammer+Magazine&amp;rft.atitle=The+10+best+moments+from+Metalocalypse&amp;rft.date=2020-03-28&amp;rft.aulast=Daly&amp;rft.aufirst=Joe&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loudersound.com%2Ffeatures%2Fthe-10-best-moments-from-metalocalypse-dethklok&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-185"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120729122313/http://www.exclaim.ca/articles/generalarticlesynopsfullart.aspx?csid1=142&amp;csid2=844&amp;fid1=45525">"Article at Exclaim.com"</a>. <i>Exclaim!</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 30,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Exclaim%21&amp;rft.atitle=Article+at+Exclaim.com&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.exclaim.ca%2Farticles%2Fgeneralarticlesynopsfullart.aspx%3Fcsid1%3D142%26csid2%3D844%26fid1%3D45525&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-186"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/phil_spector"><i>Phil Spector (2013). 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Billboard Books (3rd ed.), pp. 106–28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Whitburn, Joel (2013). <i>Joel Whitburn's Top Pop Singles 1955–2012</i>. Record Research (14th ed.).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-190">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.grammy.com/grammys/news/grammy-rewind-15th-annual-grammy-awards">"GRAMMY Rewind: 15th Annual GRAMMY Awards"</a>. National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. December 2, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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December 3, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Rolling+Stone&amp;rft.atitle=100+Greatest+Artists+%2880-61%29&amp;rft.date=2010-12-03&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rollingstone.com%2Fmusic%2Fmusic-lists%2F100-greatest-artists-147446%2Felvis-costello-4-85334&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-192">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2008/jul/4/top-5-98304083/">"Top 5: Knob-twiddlers"</a>. <i>The Washington Times</i>. July 4, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Times&amp;rft.atitle=Top+5%3A+Knob-twiddlers&amp;rft.date=2008-07-04&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtontimes.com%2Fnews%2F2008%2Fjul%2F4%2Ftop-5-98304083%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Bibliography">Bibliography</span></h2> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1054258005">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFBannister2007" class="citation book cs1">Bannister, Matthew (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4ckLKGTXRwQC&amp;pg=PA38"><i>White Boys, White Noise: Masculinities and 1980s Indie Guitar Rock</i></a>. Ashgate Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-8803-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-8803-7"><bdi>978-0-7546-8803-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=White+Boys%2C+White+Noise%3A+Masculinities+and+1980s+Indie+Guitar+Rock&amp;rft.pub=Ashgate+Publishing&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-7546-8803-7&amp;rft.aulast=Bannister&amp;rft.aufirst=Matthew&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4ckLKGTXRwQC%26pg%3DPA38&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFBrown2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mick_Brown_(journalist)" title="Mick Brown (journalist)">Brown, Mick</a> (2007). <span class="cs1-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/tearingdownwallo0000brow/"><i>Tearing Down the Wall of Sound: The Rise and Fall of Phil Spector</i></a></span>. London: Bloomsbury. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781400042197" title="Special:BookSources/9781400042197"><bdi>9781400042197</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Tearing+Down+the+Wall+of+Sound%3A+The+Rise+and+Fall+of+Phil+Spector&amp;rft.place=London&amp;rft.pub=Bloomsbury&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.isbn=9781400042197&amp;rft.aulast=Brown&amp;rft.aufirst=Mick&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ftearingdownwallo0000brow%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFDoggett2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Doggett" title="Peter Doggett">Doggett, Peter</a> (2011). <i>You Never Give Me Your Money: The Beatles After the Breakup</i>. 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Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-09904-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-09904-1"><bdi>978-0-300-09904-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Recording+Angel%3A+Music%2C+Records+and+Culture+from+Aristotle+to+Zappa&amp;rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-300-09904-1&amp;rft.aulast=Eisenberg&amp;rft.aufirst=Evan&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Frecordingangel00evan&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFFrontani2009" class="citation book cs1">Frontani, Michael (2009). "The Solo Years". In Womack, Kenneth (ed.). <i>The Cambridge Companion to the Beatles</i>. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-68976-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-68976-2"><bdi>978-0-521-68976-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=The+Solo+Years&amp;rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Companion+to+the+Beatles&amp;rft.place=Cambridge%2C+UK&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-521-68976-2&amp;rft.aulast=Frontani&amp;rft.aufirst=Michael&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFHamelman2009" class="citation book cs1">Hamelman, Steve (2009). "On Their Way Home: The Beatles in 1969 and 1970". In Womack, Kenneth (ed.). <i>The Cambridge Companion to the Beatles</i>. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-68976-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-68976-2"><bdi>978-0-521-68976-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=On+Their+Way+Home%3A+The+Beatles+in+1969+and+1970&amp;rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Companion+to+the+Beatles&amp;rft.place=Cambridge%2C+UK&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-521-68976-2&amp;rft.aulast=Hamelman&amp;rft.aufirst=Steve&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFMadingerEaster2000" class="citation book cs1">Madinger, Chip; Easter, Mark (2000). <i>Eight Arms to Hold You: The Solo Beatles Compendium</i>. Chesterfield, MO: 44.1 Productions. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-615-11724-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-615-11724-4"><bdi>0-615-11724-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Eight+Arms+to+Hold+You%3A+The+Solo+Beatles+Compendium&amp;rft.place=Chesterfield%2C+MO&amp;rft.pub=44.1+Productions&amp;rft.date=2000&amp;rft.isbn=0-615-11724-4&amp;rft.aulast=Madinger&amp;rft.aufirst=Chip&amp;rft.au=Easter%2C+Mark&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFRibowsky2006" class="citation book cs1">Ribowsky, Mark (2006). <span class="cs1-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hesrebelphilspec0000ribo"><i>He's a Rebel: Phil Spector – Rock and Roll's Legendary Producer</i></a></span>. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-306-81471-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-306-81471-6"><bdi>978-0-306-81471-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=He%27s+a+Rebel%3A+Phil+Spector+%E2%80%93+Rock+and+Roll%27s+Legendary+Producer&amp;rft.place=Cambridge%2C+MA&amp;rft.pub=Da+Capo+Press&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-306-81471-6&amp;rft.aulast=Ribowsky&amp;rft.aufirst=Mark&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhesrebelphilspec0000ribo&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFSchaffner1978" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Schaffner" title="Nicholas Schaffner">Schaffner, Nicholas</a> (1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/beatlesforever00scha"><i>The Beatles Forever</i></a>. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-07-055087-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-07-055087-5"><bdi>0-07-055087-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Beatles+Forever&amp;rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&amp;rft.pub=McGraw-Hill&amp;rft.date=1978&amp;rft.isbn=0-07-055087-5&amp;rft.aulast=Schaffner&amp;rft.aufirst=Nicholas&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbeatlesforever00scha&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFSpizer2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Spizer" title="Bruce Spizer">Spizer, Bruce</a> (2005). <i>The Beatles Solo on Apple Records</i>. New Orleans, LA: 498 Productions. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9662649-5-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-9662649-5-9"><bdi>0-9662649-5-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Beatles+Solo+on+Apple+Records&amp;rft.place=New+Orleans%2C+LA&amp;rft.pub=498+Productions&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.isbn=0-9662649-5-9&amp;rft.aulast=Spizer&amp;rft.aufirst=Bruce&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFSumrall1994" class="citation book cs1">Sumrall, Harry (1994). <span class="cs1-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/pioneersofrockro0000sumr/page/250/"><i>Pioneers of Rock and Roll: 100 Artists Who Changed the Face of Rock</i></a></span>. New York: Billboard Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0823076288" title="Special:BookSources/0823076288"><bdi>0823076288</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Pioneers+of+Rock+and+Roll%3A+100+Artists+Who+Changed+the+Face+of+Rock&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pub=Billboard+Books&amp;rft.date=1994&amp;rft.isbn=0823076288&amp;rft.aulast=Sumrall&amp;rft.aufirst=Harry&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpioneersofrockro0000sumr%2Fpage%2F250%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFThompson2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Dave_Thompson_(author)" title="Dave Thompson (author)">Thompson, Dave</a> (2004). <span class="cs1-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/wallofpainbiogra0000thom"><i>Wall of Pain: The Biography of Phil Spector</i></a></span> (Paperback&#160;ed.). London: Sanctuary. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-86074-543-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-86074-543-0"><bdi>978-1-86074-543-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Wall+of+Pain%3A+The+Biography+of+Phil+Spector&amp;rft.place=London&amp;rft.edition=Paperback&amp;rft.pub=Sanctuary&amp;rft.date=2004&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-86074-543-0&amp;rft.aulast=Thompson&amp;rft.aufirst=Dave&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwallofpainbiogra0000thom&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFThompson2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Dave_Thompson_(author)" title="Dave Thompson (author)">Thompson, Dave</a> (2005). <span class="cs1-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/wallofpainlifeof0000thom/"><i>Wall of Pain: The Life of Phil Spector</i></a></span> (New&#160;ed.). London: Sanctuary. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781860746451" title="Special:BookSources/9781860746451"><bdi>9781860746451</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Wall+of+Pain%3A+The+Life+of+Phil+Spector&amp;rft.place=London&amp;rft.edition=New&amp;rft.pub=Sanctuary&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.isbn=9781860746451&amp;rft.aulast=Thompson&amp;rft.aufirst=Dave&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwallofpainlifeof0000thom%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Williams_(journalist)" title="Richard Williams (journalist)">Williams, Richard</a> (2003). <i>Phil Spector: Out of His Head</i> (Paperback&#160;ed.). London: Omnibus Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-71199-864-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-71199-864-3"><bdi>978-0-71199-864-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Phil+Spector%3A+Out+of+His+Head&amp;rft.place=London&amp;rft.edition=Paperback&amp;rft.pub=Omnibus+Press&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-71199-864-3&amp;rft.aulast=Williams&amp;rft.aufirst=Richard&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhil+Spector" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Further_reading">Further reading</span></h2> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Robert_Baker" title="James Robert Baker">Baker, James Robert</a>. <i>Fuel-Injected Dreams</i> New York: <a href="/wiki/E.P._Dutton" class="mw-redirect" title="E.P. Dutton">E.P. Dutton</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-452-25815-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-452-25815-4">0-452-25815-4</a>; novel whose central character is reportedly based on Spector</li> <li>Emerson, Ken. <i>Always Magic in the Air: The Bomp and Brilliance of the Brill Building Era</i> New York: <a href="/wiki/Viking_Press" title="Viking Press">Viking Press</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-670-03456-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-670-03456-8">0-670-03456-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Wolfe" title="Tom Wolfe">Wolfe, Tom</a>. "The First Tycoon of Teen"&#160;&#8211;&#32;magazine article reprinted in Wolfe, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Kandy-Kolored_Tangerine-Flake_Streamline_Baby" title="The Kandy-Kolored Tangerine-Flake Streamline Baby">The Kandy-Kolored Tangerine-Flake Streamline Baby</a></i>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1133582631"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-553-38058-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-553-38058-3">0-553-38058-3</a>; and in <i><a href="/wiki/Back_to_Mono" class="mw-redirect" title="Back to Mono">Back to Mono</a></i> liner notes</li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span></h2> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1134653256"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="noviewer" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Phil_Spector" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Phil Spector">Phil Spector</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1134653256"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="noviewer" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Phil_Spector" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Phil Spector">Phil Spector</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/mn0000694967">Phil Spector</a> at <a href="/wiki/AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213793#P1728" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" style="vertical-align: text-top" class="noprint" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.discogs.com/artist/190767">Phil Spector</a> discography at <a href="/wiki/Discogs" title="Discogs">Discogs</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213793#P1953" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" style="vertical-align: text-top" class="noprint" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0817489/">Phil Spector</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1518821/"><i>The Agony and the Ecstasy of Phil Spector</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spectropop.com/PPS/index.htm">Please Phil Spector</a>, artists that have included references to Spector in their own works</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Phil_Spector" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks vcard hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #bfe0bf;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1063604349">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Phil_Spector" title="Template:Phil Spector"><abbr title="View this template" style=";background: #bfe0bf;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Phil_Spector" title="Template talk:Phil Spector"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";background: #bfe0bf;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Phil_Spector&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";background: #bfe0bf;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Phil_Spector" class="fn" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Phil Spector</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;">Albums<br />produced</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Twist_Uptown" title="Twist Uptown">Twist Uptown</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/He%27s_a_Rebel_(album)" title="He&#39;s a Rebel (album)">He's a Rebel</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Christmas_Gift_for_You_from_Phil_Spector" title="A Christmas Gift for You from Phil Spector">A Christmas Gift for You from Phil Spector</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Presenting_the_Fabulous_Ronettes" title="Presenting the Fabulous Ronettes">Presenting the Fabulous Ronettes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Just_Once_in_My_Life_(album)" title="Just Once in My Life (album)">Just Once in My Life</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/River_Deep_%E2%80%93_Mountain_High_(album)" title="River Deep – Mountain High (album)">River Deep – Mountain High</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Let_It_Be_(Beatles_album)" title="Let It Be (Beatles album)">Let It Be</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/All_Things_Must_Pass" title="All Things Must Pass">All Things Must Pass</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon/Plastic_Ono_Band" title="John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band">John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Concert_for_Bangladesh_(album)" title="The Concert for Bangladesh (album)">The Concert for Bangladesh</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Imagine_(John_Lennon_album)" title="Imagine (John Lennon album)">Imagine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Living_in_the_Material_World" title="Living in the Material World">Living in the Material World</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Some_Time_in_New_York_City" title="Some Time in New York City">Some Time in New York City</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rock_%27n%27_Roll_(John_Lennon_album)" title="Rock &#39;n&#39; Roll (John Lennon album)">Rock 'n' Roll</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Born_to_Be_with_You_(album)" title="Born to Be with You (album)">Born to Be with You</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Death_of_a_Ladies%27_Man_(album)" title="Death of a Ladies&#39; Man (album)">Death of a Ladies' Man</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/End_of_the_Century" title="End of the Century">End of the Century</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Season_of_Glass_(album)" title="Season of Glass (album)">Season of Glass</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Silence_Is_Easy" title="Silence Is Easy">Silence Is Easy</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;">Singles<br />produced</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks vcard navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="1960–1963" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;">1960–<br />1963</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Corrine,_Corrina" title="Corrine, Corrina">Corrine, Corrina</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Pretty_Little_Angel_Eyes" title="Pretty Little Angel Eyes">Pretty Little Angel Eyes</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Talk_to_Me_(Joe_Seneca_song)" title="Talk to Me (Joe Seneca song)">Talk to Me</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Under_the_Moon_of_Love" title="Under the Moon of Love">Under the Moon of Love</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/There%27s_No_Other_(Like_My_Baby)" title="There&#39;s No Other (Like My Baby)">There's No Other (Like My Baby)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Uptown_(The_Crystals_song)" title="Uptown (The Crystals song)">Uptown</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/He_Hit_Me_(And_It_Felt_Like_a_Kiss)" title="He Hit Me (And It Felt Like a Kiss)">He Hit Me (And It Felt Like a Kiss)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/He%27s_a_Rebel" title="He&#39;s a Rebel">He's a Rebel</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah" title="Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah">Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/He%27s_Sure_the_Boy_I_Love" title="He&#39;s Sure the Boy I Love">He's Sure the Boy I Love</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Why_Do_Lovers_Break_Each_Other%27s_Heart" title="Why Do Lovers Break Each Other&#39;s Heart">Why Do Lovers Break Each Other's Heart</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/(Let%27s_Dance)_The_Screw" class="mw-redirect" title="(Let&#39;s Dance) The Screw">(Let's Dance) The Screw</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Da_Doo_Ron_Ron" title="Da Doo Ron Ron">Da Doo Ron Ron</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Then_He_Kissed_Me" title="Then He Kissed Me">Then He Kissed Me</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Be_My_Baby" title="Be My Baby">Be My Baby</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Baby,_I_Love_You" title="Baby, I Love You">Baby, I Love You</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Christmas_(Baby_Please_Come_Home)" title="Christmas (Baby Please Come Home)">Christmas (Baby Please Come Home)</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;">1964–<br />1966</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/(The_Best_Part_of)_Breakin%27_Up" title="(The Best Part of) Breakin&#39; Up">(The Best Part of) Breakin' Up</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Do_I_Love_You%3F_(The_Ronettes_song)" title="Do I Love You? (The Ronettes song)">Do I Love You?</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Walking_in_the_Rain_(The_Ronettes_song)" title="Walking in the Rain (The Ronettes song)">Walking in the Rain</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Ringo,_I_Love_You" title="Ringo, I Love You">Ringo, I Love You</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Why_Don%27t_They_Let_Us_Fall_in_Love" title="Why Don&#39;t They Let Us Fall in Love">Why Don't They Let Us Fall in Love</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/You%27ve_Lost_That_Lovin%27_Feelin%27" title="You&#39;ve Lost That Lovin&#39; Feelin&#39;">"You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin<span style="padding-right:.15em;">'</span>"</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Just_Once_in_My_Life" title="Just Once in My Life">Just Once in My Life</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Is_This_What_I_Get_for_Loving_You%3F" title="Is This What I Get for Loving You?">Is This What I Get for Loving You?</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Unchained_Melody" title="Unchained Melody">Hung Up on You/Unchained Melody</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Ebb_Tide_(song)" title="Ebb Tide (song)">Ebb Tide</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/River_Deep_%E2%80%93_Mountain_High" title="River Deep – Mountain High">River Deep – Mountain High</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;">1967–<br />2003</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/I%27ll_Never_Need_More_Than_This" title="I&#39;ll Never Need More Than This">I'll Never Need More Than This</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/A_Love_Like_Yours_(Don%27t_Come_Knocking_Everyday)" title="A Love Like Yours (Don&#39;t Come Knocking Everyday)">A Love Like Yours (Don't Come Knocking Everyday)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Proud_Mary" title="Proud Mary">Proud Mary</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Ronettes" title="The Ronettes">You Came, You Saw, You Conquered!</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Black_Pearl_(Checkmates,_Ltd._song)" title="Black Pearl (Checkmates, Ltd. song)">Black Pearl</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Instant_Karma!" title="Instant Karma!">Instant Karma (We All Shine On)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Long_and_Winding_Road" title="The Long and Winding Road">The Long and Winding Road</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/My_Sweet_Lord" title="My Sweet Lord">My Sweet Lord</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/What_Is_Life" title="What Is Life">What Is Life</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Power_to_the_People_(song)" title="Power to the People (song)">Power to the People</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Mother_(John_Lennon_song)" title="Mother (John Lennon song)">Mother</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Try_Some,_Buy_Some" title="Try Some, Buy Some">Try Some, Buy Some</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Imagine_(John_Lennon_song)" title="Imagine (John Lennon song)">Imagine</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Happy_Xmas_(War_Is_Over)" title="Happy Xmas (War Is Over)">Happy Xmas (War Is Over)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Rock_%27n%27_Roll_High_School_(song)" title="Rock &#39;n&#39; Roll High School (song)">Rock 'n' Roll High School</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Do_You_Remember_Rock_%27n%27_Roll_Radio%3F" title="Do You Remember Rock &#39;n&#39; Roll Radio?">Do You Remember Rock 'n' Roll Radio?</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Silence_Is_Easy_(song)" title="Silence Is Easy (song)">Silence Is Easy</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;">Compilations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Menlove_Ave." title="Menlove Ave.">Menlove Ave.</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Back_to_Mono_(1958%E2%80%931969)" title="Back to Mono (1958–1969)">Back to Mono (1958–1969)</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;">Other songs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/To_Know_Him_Is_to_Love_Him" title="To Know Him Is to Love Him">To Know Him Is to Love Him</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Don%27t_You_Worry_My_Little_Pet" title="Don&#39;t You Worry My Little Pet">Don't You Worry My Little Pet</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Chapel_of_Love" title="Chapel of Love">Chapel of Love</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/I_Can_Hear_Music" title="I Can Hear Music">I Can Hear Music</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Little_by_Little_(Rolling_Stones_song)" title="Little by Little (Rolling Stones song)">Little by Little</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Spanish_Harlem_(song)" title="Spanish Harlem (song)">Spanish Harlem</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/This_Could_Be_the_Night_(1966_song)" title="This Could Be the Night (1966 song)">This Could Be the Night</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;">Companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philles_Records" title="Philles Records">Philles Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phi-Dan_Records" title="Phi-Dan Records">Phi-Dan Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Spector_International" title="Phil Spector International">Phil Spector International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warner-Spector_Records" title="Warner-Spector Records">Warner-Spector Records</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;">Related media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/B_Boy_Baby" title="B Boy Baby">B Boy Baby</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Take_Me_Home_Tonight_(song)" title="Take Me Home Tonight (song)">Take Me Home Tonight</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tearing_Down_the_Wall_of_Sound" title="Tearing Down the Wall of Sound">Tearing Down the Wall of Sound</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phil_Spector_(film)" title="Phil Spector (film)">Phil Spector</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wall_of_Sound" title="Wall of Sound">Wall of Sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Teddy_Bears" title="The Teddy Bears">The Teddy Bears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_B._Soxx_%26_the_Blue_Jeans" title="Bob B. Soxx &amp; the Blue Jeans">Bob B. Soxx &amp; the Blue Jeans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Ronettes" title="The Ronettes">The Ronettes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Crystals" title="The Crystals">The Crystals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronnie_Spector" title="Ronnie Spector">Ronnie Spector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Levine" title="Larry Levine">Larry Levine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Nitzsche" title="Jack Nitzsche">Jack Nitzsche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Lana_Clarkson" title="Murder of Lana Clarkson">Murder of Lana Clarkson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #EEEEEE;"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Category" width="16" height="16" class="noviewer" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Phil_Spector" title="Category:Phil Spector">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Ronettes" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks vcard hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #b0c4de;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Ronettes" title="Template:The Ronettes"><abbr title="View this template" style=";background: #b0c4de;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Ronettes" title="Template talk:The Ronettes"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";background: #b0c4de;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:The_Ronettes&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";background: #b0c4de;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Ronettes" class="fn org" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/The_Ronettes" title="The Ronettes">The Ronettes</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #EEEEEE;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ronnie_Spector" title="Ronnie Spector">Veronica Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estelle_Bennett" title="Estelle Bennett">Estelle Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nedra_Talley" title="Nedra Talley">Nedra Talley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;">Album</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Presenting_the_Fabulous_Ronettes" title="Presenting the Fabulous Ronettes">Presenting the Fabulous Ronettes</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;">Singles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Silhouettes_(The_Rays_song)" title="Silhouettes (The Rays song)">Silhouettes</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Be_My_Baby" title="Be My Baby">Be My Baby</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Baby,_I_Love_You" title="Baby, I Love You">Baby, I Love You</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/(The_Best_Part_of)_Breakin%27_Up" title="(The Best Part of) Breakin&#39; Up">(The Best Part of) Breakin' Up</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Do_I_Love_You%3F_(The_Ronettes_song)" title="Do I Love You? (The Ronettes song)">Do I Love You?</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Walking_in_the_Rain_(The_Ronettes_song)" title="Walking in the Rain (The Ronettes song)">Walking in the Rain</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Is_This_What_I_Get_for_Loving_You%3F" title="Is This What I Get for Loving You?">Is This What I Get for Loving You?</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/I_Can_Hear_Music" title="I Can Hear Music">I Can Hear Music</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/You_Came,_You_Saw,_You_Conquered" title="You Came, You Saw, You Conquered">You Came, You Saw, You Conquered</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;">Songs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Wah-Watusi" title="The Wah-Watusi">The Wah-Watusi</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Frosty_the_Snowman" title="Frosty the Snowman">Frosty the Snowman</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Sleigh_Ride" title="Sleigh Ride">Sleigh Ride</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/I_Saw_Mommy_Kissing_Santa_Claus" title="I Saw Mommy Kissing Santa Claus">I Saw Mommy Kissing Santa Claus</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/I%27m_So_Young" title="I&#39;m So Young">So Young</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/What%27d_I_Say" title="What&#39;d I Say">What'd I Say</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Chapel_of_Love" title="Chapel of Love">Chapel of Love</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Ronettes_discography" title="The Ronettes discography">Discography</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Phil Spector</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Christmas_Gift_for_You_from_Phil_Spector" title="A Christmas Gift for You from Phil Spector">A Christmas Gift for You from Phil Spector</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Why_Don%27t_They_Let_Us_Fall_in_Love" title="Why Don&#39;t They Let Us Fall in Love">Why Don't They Let Us Fall in Love</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Wrecking_Crew" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks vcard hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #d3d3d3;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Wrecking_Crew" title="Template:The Wrecking Crew"><abbr title="View this template" style=";background: #d3d3d3;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Wrecking_Crew" title="Template talk:The Wrecking Crew"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";background: #d3d3d3;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:The_Wrecking_Crew&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";background: #d3d3d3;;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Wrecking_Crew" class="fn org" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/The_Wrecking_Crew_(music)" title="The Wrecking Crew (music)">The Wrecking Crew</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;"><a href="/wiki/Guitar" title="Guitar">Guitars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Burton" title="James Burton">James Burton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Campbell" title="Glen Campbell">Glen Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Casey_(rock_guitarist)" title="Al Casey (rock guitarist)">Al Casey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Cole" title="Jerry Cole">Jerry Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Deasy" title="Mike Deasy">Mike Deasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Hall" title="René Hall">René Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barney_Kessel" title="Barney Kessel">Barney Kessel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Pitman" title="Bill Pitman">Bill Pitman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Roberts" title="Howard Roberts">Howard Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Shelton" title="Louis Shelton">Louis Shelton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._F._Sloan" title="P. F. Sloan">P. F. Sloan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Strange" title="Billy Strange">Billy Strange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Tedesco" title="Tommy Tedesco">Tommy Tedesco</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks vcard navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Electric_bass" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;"><a href="/wiki/Electric_bass" class="mw-redirect" title="Electric bass">Electric bass</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Max_Bennett_(musician)" title="Max Bennett (musician)">Max Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Kaye" title="Carol Kaye">Carol Kaye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Knechtel" title="Larry Knechtel">Larry Knechtel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Osborn" title="Joe Osborn">Joe Osborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Pitman" title="Bill Pitman">Bill Pitman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Pohlman" title="Ray Pohlman">Ray Pohlman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;"><a href="/wiki/Upright_bass" class="mw-redirect" title="Upright bass">Upright bass</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Berghofer" title="Chuck Berghofer">Chuck Berghofer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Bond_(musician)" title="Jimmy Bond (musician)">Jimmy Bond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyle_Ritz" title="Lyle Ritz">Lyle Ritz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Callender" title="Red Callender">Red Callender</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;"><a href="/wiki/Percussion" class="mw-redirect" title="Percussion">Percussion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Capp" title="Frank Capp">Frank Capp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Feldman" title="Victor Feldman">Victor Feldman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milt_Holland" title="Milt Holland">Milt Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Porcaro" title="Joe Porcaro">Joe Porcaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Wechter" title="Julius Wechter">Julius Wechter</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks vcard navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Drums" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;"><a href="/wiki/Drums" class="mw-redirect" title="Drums">Drums</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hal_Blaine" title="Hal Blaine">Hal Blaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Gordon_(musician)" title="Jim Gordon (musician)">Jim Gordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Keltner" title="Jim Keltner">Jim Keltner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Palmer" title="Earl Palmer">Earl Palmer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;"><a href="/wiki/Keyboard_instrument" title="Keyboard instrument">Keyboards</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_De_Lory" title="Al De Lory">Al De Lory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Knechtel" title="Larry Knechtel">Larry Knechtel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Melvoin" title="Mike Melvoin">Mike Melvoin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Randi" title="Don Randi">Don Randi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dr._John" title="Dr. John">Dr. John</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Rubini" title="Michel Rubini">Mike (Michel) Rubini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Russell" title="Leon Russell">Leon Russell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;"><a href="/wiki/Saxophone" title="Saxophone">Saxophone</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Gene Cipriano</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Douglas_(musician)" title="Steve Douglas (musician)">Steve Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Horn" title="Jim Horn">Jim Horn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plas_Johnson" title="Plas Johnson">Plas Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Migliori" title="Jay Migliori">Jay Migliori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nino_Tempo" title="Nino Tempo">Nino Tempo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;"><a href="/wiki/Trombone" title="Trombone">Trombone</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Hyde_(musician)" title="Dick Hyde (musician)">Richard "Slyde" Hyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Nash" title="Dick Nash">Dick Nash</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;"><a href="/wiki/Trumpet" title="Trumpet">Trumpet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bud_Brisbois" title="Bud Brisbois">Bud Brisbois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Caton" title="Roy Caton">Roy Caton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Findley" title="Chuck Findley">Chuck Findley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ollie_Mitchell" title="Ollie Mitchell">Ollie Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Terran" title="Tony Terran">Tony Terran</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Star_Studios" title="Gold Star Studios">Gold Star Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Nitzsche" title="Jack Nitzsche">Jack Nitzsche</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Phil Spector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunset_Sound_Recorders" title="Sunset Sound Recorders">Sunset Sound Recorders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Western_Recorders" title="United Western Recorders">United Western Recorders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Wilson" title="Brian Wilson">Brian Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wrecking_Crew_(2008_film)" title="The Wrecking Crew (2008 film)"><i>The Wrecking Crew</i> (documentary)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #EEEEEE;"><div> <ul><li><b><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" title="Category" width="16" height="16" class="noviewer" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:The_Wrecking_Crew_(music)_members" title="Category:The Wrecking Crew (music) members">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame_–_Class_of_1989" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1063604349"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1989_Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template:1989 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1989_Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template talk:1989 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:1989_Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame_–_Class_of_1989" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame" title="Rock and Roll Hall of Fame">Rock and Roll Hall of Fame</a> – <a href="/wiki/List_of_Rock_and_Roll_Hall_of_Fame_inductees" title="List of Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductees">Class of 1989</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Performers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Dion_DiMucci" title="Dion DiMucci">Dion</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Otis_Redding" title="Otis Redding">Otis Redding</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones" title="The Rolling Stones">The Rolling Stones</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mick_Jagger" title="Mick Jagger">Mick Jagger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brian_Jones" title="Brian Jones">Brian Jones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Keith_Richards" title="Keith Richards">Keith Richards</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ian_Stewart_(musician)" title="Ian Stewart (musician)">Ian Stewart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mick_Taylor" title="Mick Taylor">Mick Taylor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Watts" title="Charlie Watts">Charlie Watts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ronnie_Wood" title="Ronnie Wood">Ronnie Wood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Wyman" title="Bill Wyman">Bill Wyman</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/The_Temptations" title="The Temptations">The Temptations</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Edwards" title="Dennis Edwards">Dennis Edwards</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melvin_Franklin" title="Melvin Franklin">Melvin Franklin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Kendricks" title="Eddie Kendricks">Eddie Kendricks</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Ruffin" title="David Ruffin">David Ruffin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Otis_Williams" title="Otis Williams">Otis Williams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Williams_(The_Temptations_singer)" title="Paul Williams (The Temptations singer)">Paul Williams</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Stevie_Wonder" title="Stevie Wonder">Stevie Wonder</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Early influences</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/The_Ink_Spots" title="The Ink Spots">The Ink Spots</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charlie_Fuqua&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Charlie Fuqua (page does not exist)">Charlie Fuqua</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerry_Daniels_(singer)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jerry Daniels (singer) (page does not exist)">Jerry Daniels</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orville_%22Hoppy%22_Jones&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Orville &quot;Hoppy&quot; Jones (page does not exist)">Orville "Hoppy" Jones</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Kenny_(singer)" title="Bill Kenny (singer)">Bill Kenny</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deek_Watson&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Deek Watson (page does not exist)">Deek Watson</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bessie_Smith" title="Bessie Smith">Bessie Smith</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/The_Soul_Stirrers" title="The Soul Stirrers">The Soul Stirrers</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roy_Crain_Sr.&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Roy Crain Sr. (page does not exist)">Roy Crain Sr.</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jesse_Farley&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jesse Farley (page does not exist)">Jesse Farley</a>, <a href="/wiki/R._H._Harris" title="R. H. Harris">R. H. Harris</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=E._A._Rundless&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="E. A. Rundless (page does not exist)">E. A. Rundless</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-performers<br />(Ahmet Ertegun Award)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Phil Spector</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061467846"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213793#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213793#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213793#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" style="vertical-align: text-top" class="noprint" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1899204/">FAST</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000108013373">ISNI</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/69120811">VIAF</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n88120617/">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/4058088">Norway</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&amp;authority_id=XX847964">Spain</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb139453240">France</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb139453240">BnF data</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119121530">Germany</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Spector, Phil"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/DDSV021574">Italy</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007277447005171">Israel</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000200540">Finland</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/21704921">Belgium</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n88120617">United States</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/0xbfk1kj4d24m4z">Sweden</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00621496">Japan</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&amp;local_base=aut&amp;ccl_term=ica=xx0040856&amp;CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an63960187">Australia</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC2018M6792">Korea</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&amp;doc_number=000047975&amp;local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070655359">Netherlands</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mak.bn.org.pl/cgi-bin/KHW/makwww.exe?BM=1&amp;NU=1&amp;IM=4&amp;WI=9810633512905606">Poland</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.grammy.com/grammys/artists/phil-spector/16081">Grammy Awards</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/e7b587f7-e678-47c1-81dd-e7bb7855b0f9">MusicBrainz</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1309797">Trove</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.europeana.eu/agent/base/111286">Europeana</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6972gk6">SNAC</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/123711967">IdRef</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div>'
Whether or not the change was made through a Tor exit node (tor_exit_node)
false
Unix timestamp of change (timestamp)
'1685011031'