Canadas - Misplaced Pages

(Redirected from The Canadas) Historical geopolitical term Not to be confused with United Canadas. For other uses, see Canada (disambiguation) and Canadas (disambiguation).

Provinces of Upper Canada
and Lower Canada

1791–1841

Union Flag (1801 version)

Anthem: "God Save the King/Queen"

The Canadas, Upper Canada (orange) and Lower Canada (green) prior to 1809, with contemporary Canada in pink surrounding it

History

• Established

1791

• Disestablished

1841

Preceded by

Succeeded by

Colony of Quebec

Province of Canada

The Canadas is the collective name for the provinces of Lower Canada and Upper Canada, two historical British colonies in present-day Canada. The two colonies were formed in 1791, when the British Parliament passed the Constitutional Act, splitting the colonial Province of Quebec into two separate colonies. The Ottawa River formed the border between Lower and Upper Canada.

The Canadas were merged into a single entity in 1841, shortly after Lord Durham published his Report on the Affairs of British North America. His report held several recommendations, most notably union of the Canadas. Acting on his recommendation, the British Parliament passed the Act of Union 1840. The Act went into effect in 1841, uniting the Canadas into the Province of Canada.

The terms "Lower" and "Upper" refer to the colony's position relative to the headwaters of the St. Lawrence River.

Lower Canada covered the southeastern portion of the present-day province of Quebec, Canada, and (until 1809) the Labrador region of Newfoundland and Labrador.
Upper Canada covered what is now the southern portion of the province of Ontario and the lands bordering Georgian Bay and Lake Superior.

History

The two colonies were created in 1791 with the passage of the Constitutional Act 1791. As a result of the influx of Loyalists from the American Revolutionary War, the Province of Quebec was divided into two new colonies, consisting of Lower and Upper Canada. The creation of Upper Canada was in response to the influx of United Empire Loyalist settlers, who desired a colonial administration modelled under British institutions and common law, especially British laws of land tenure. Conversely, Lower Canada maintained most of the French Canadian institutions guaranteed under the Quebec Act, such as the French civil law system.

In 1838 Lord Durham was sent to the colonies to examine the causes for rebellion in the Canadas. His report on the colonies recommended that the two colonies should be united, and the introduction of responsible government. The British Parliament would eventually act on the former suggestion, with the passage of the Act of Union 1840. The Act of Union went into force in 1841, and saw the Canadas united into the Province of Canada. However, the Act did not establish responsible government, which was not introduced until 1848.

References

"Early flags". Government of Canada. Retrieved 2021-01-15.
"Royal Union Flag". The Flags of Canada. Retrieved 2021-01-15.
^ Wesley B. Turner (4 July 2011). The Astonishing General: The Life and Legacy of Sir Isaac Brock. Dundurn Press Ltd. p. 12. ISBN 978-1-55488-777-4.

External links

v t e Former colonies and territories in Canada
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Former British Empire and Current British Overseas Territories

Legend: Former territory; Current territory; *Current Commonwealth realm; Current member of the Commonwealth of Nations

Europe
Akrotiri and Dhekelia since 1960 (before as part of Cyprus) Corsica 1794–1796 Cyprus 1878–1960 Gibraltar since 1713 Heligoland 1807–1890 Ionian Islands 1809–1864 Lordship of Ireland 1177–1542 Kingdom of Ireland 1542–1800 (integrated into the UK) Free State 1921–1931 Malta Protectorate 1800–1813 Colony 1813–1964 Minorca 1708–1757, 1763–1782 and 1798–1802

Africa

Ascension Island since 1815
Basutoland (Lesotho) 1868–1966
Bechuanaland (Botswana) 1884–1966
Cameroons 1919–1961
Cape Colony 1795–1803
Cape of Good Hope 1806–1910
Central Africa 1891–1907
East Africa 1895–1920
Egypt 1882–1922
The Gambia 1816–1965
Gold Coast (Ghana) 1874–1957
Kenya 1920–1963
Lagos 1862–1906
Madeira 1807–1808
Mauritius 1810–1968
Natal 1856–1910
Niger Coast 1884–1900
Nigeria 1914–1960
Northern Nigeria 1900–1914
Northern Rhodesia 1924–1964
Nyasaland 1891–1964
Orange River 1900–1910
Saint Helena since 1658
Seychelles 1903–1976
Sierra Leone 1792–1961
Somaliland 1884–1960
South Africa 1910–1931
South-West Africa 1915–1931
Southern Rhodesia 1923–1965 and 1979–1980
Southern Nigeria 1900–1914
Swaziland 1893–1968
Sudan 1899–1956
Tanganyika 1922–1961
Transvaal 1900–1910
Tristan da Cunha since 1816
Uganda 1890–1962
Zanzibar 1890–1963
Zululand 1887–1897

Now Namibia
League of Nations mandate. British Cameroons is now part of Cameroon, while Tanganyika is part of Tanzania.
Self-governing Southern Rhodesia unilaterally declared independence in 1965 (as Rhodesia) and continued as an unrecognised state until the 1979 Lancaster House Agreement. After recognised independence in 1980, Zimbabwe was a member of the Commonwealth until it withdrew in 2003.
Now Zambia

Asia

Aden Colony 1839–1967
Afghanistan 1839–1842
- Protectorate 1879–1919
Bencoolen 1685–1824
Banka and Billiton 1812–1824
Bengal 1757–1947
Bhutan (protectorate) 1907–1949
Borneo 1874–1963
British Indian Ocean Territory since 1965 (before as part of Mauritius and Seychelles)
Burma 1824–1948
Brunei 1888–1984
Ceylon 1795–1948
Cyprus 1878–1960
Hong Kong 1841–1997
India 1858–1947
Java 1811–1816
Kuwait 1918–1961
Labuan 1848–1946
Malaya 1819–1826
- Federated States 1895–1946
- Unfederated States 1885–1946
- Union 1946–1948
- Federation 1948–1957
Maldives 1796–1965
Manila and Cavite 1762–1764
Mesopotamia 1920–1932
Muscat and Oman 1891–1971
North Borneo 1882–1963
- Crown Colony 1946–1963
Padang 1781–1784 and 1795–1819
Palestine 1923–1948
Penang 1786–1946
Pulo Condore 1702–1705
Sarawak 1841–1946
- Crown Colony 1946–1963
Singapore 1946–1963
South Vietnam 1945–1946
Straits Settlements 1826–1946
Transjordan 1921–1946
Trucial States 1892–1971
Weihai 1898–1930

Now India, Pakistan and Bangladesh
League of Nations mandate. Iraq's mandate was not enacted and replaced by the Anglo-Iraqi Treaty
Legitimacy of territorial establishment disputed

North America

Anguilla since 1650
*Antigua 1632–1860
*Antigua and Barbuda 1860–1981
*Bahamas 1670–1973
Barbados 1624–1966
Bay Islands 1643–1860
*Belize 1871–1981
Bermuda since 1619
British Arctic Territories 16th c.–1880
British Columbia 1858–1866
- 1866–1871
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Dominica 1763–1978
East Florida 1763–1783
*Grenada 1762–1974
*Canada
- Lower 1791–1841
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- Province 1841–1867
- Dominion 1867–1931
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Cayman Islands since 1670
Columbia District/Oregon Country 1818–1846
Connecticut 1636–1776
Delaware 1701–1776
East Jersey 1674–1702
Georgia 1733–1776
*Jamaica 1655–1962
Leeward Islands 1671–1816, 1833–1960
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- Province, 1691–1776
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Paulet affair 1843
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Saybrook 1635–1644
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Oceania

18th and 19th centuries

20th century

New South Wales 1788–1901
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Queensland 1824–1901
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Victoria 1851–1901
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Rarotonga/Cook Islands 1888–1901
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Tonga 1900–1970
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*Australia 1901–1942
*New Zealand 1907–1947
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Nauru 1919–1942 and 1945–1968

Now part of the Realm of New Zealand
Now Vanuatu
Now Kiribati and *Tuvalu

South America
Providence Island 1631–1641 Willoughbyland 1651–1667 Saint Andrew and Providence Islands 1670–1688 Guiana 1831–1966 Falkland Islands since 1833 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands since 1908
Now a department of Colombia Occupied by Argentina during the Falklands War of April–June 1982.

Antarctica and the South Atlantic
Saint Helena since 1658 Ascension Island since 1815 Tristan da Cunha since 1816 Falkland Islands since 1833 Australian Antarctic Territory (transferred to the Commonwealth of Australia) 1841–1933 Ross Dependency (transferred to the Realm of New Zealand) 1841–1947 British Antarctic Territory since 1908 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands since 1908
Since 2009 part of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha; Ascension Island (1922–) and Tristan da Cunha (1938–) were previously dependencies of Saint Helena. Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1962; overlaps portions of Argentine and Chilean claims, borders not enforced but claim not renounced under the Antarctic Treaty. Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1985

Categories:

History

See also

References

External links