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Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VAIN) is a condition that describes premalignant histological findings in the vagina characterized by dysplastic changes.

The disorder is rare and generally has no symptoms. VAIN can be detected by the presence of abnormal cells in a Papanicolaou test (Pap smear).

Like cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, VAIN comes in three stages, VAIN 1, 2, and 3. In VAIN 1, a third of the thickness of the cells in the vaginal skin are abnormal, while in VAIN 3, the full thickness is affected. VAIN 3 is also known as carcinoma in-situ, or stage 0 vaginal cancer.

Infection with certain types of the human papillomavirus ("high-risk types") may be associated with up to 80% of cases of VAIN. Vaccinating with HPV vaccine before initial sexual contact has been shown to reduce incidence of VAIN.

References

1. Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. p. 1192. ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1.
2. ^ Diakomanolis, E; Stefanidis, K; Rodolakis, A; Haidopoulos, D; Sindos, M; Chatzipappas, I; Michalas, S (2002). "Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia: report of 102 cases". European Journal of Gynaecological Oncology. 23 (5): 457–9. PMID 12440826.
3. ^ Cancer Research UK (2002). The stages of cancer of the vagina Archived 2007-10-07 at the Wayback Machine. CancerHelp UK. Retrieved January 3, 2008.
4. Cancer Research UK (2002). Risks and causes of vaginal cancer Archived 2007-10-07 at the Wayback Machine. CancerHelp UK. Retrieved January 3, 2008.
5. "FDA Approves Expanded Uses for Gardasil to Include Preventing Certain Vulvar and Vaginal Cancers". Food and Drug Administration. 2008-09-12. Retrieved 2010-02-13.

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