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'''Falcon 9 Flight 21''' (also known as '''Jason 3''') was a ] space launch by ] that occurred on January 17, 2016 at 18:42 ]<!-- times in spaceflight articles are shown in UTC for Misplaced Pages's global readership, per convention --> from the company's launch site at ] ] in California.<ref name=nsf20150907>
{{cite news |last1=Bergin|first1=Chris |title=SpaceX conducts additional Falcon 9 improvements ahead of busy schedule |url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2015/09/spacex-conducts-falcon-9-improvements-busy-schedule/ |publisher=NASASpaceflight.com |date=7 September 2015|accessdate=7 September 2015 }}</ref><ref name=sx20150720>
{{cite web |title=CRS-7 Investigation Update |date=2015-07-20 |url=http://www.spacex.com/news/2015/07/20/crs-7-investigation-update |publisher=SpaceX |accessdate=21 July 2015 |quote=''Our investigation is ongoing until we exonerate all other aspects of the vehicle, but at this time, we expect to return to flight this fall and fly all the customers we intended to fly in 2015 by end of year. ''}}</ref><ref name=noaa>
{{cite web |title=Jason-3 satellite |url=http://www.nesdis.noaa.gov/jason-3/ |website=National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service |publisher=] |accessdate=11 December 2015 }}</ref>
Its payload was the ] Earth-observation satellite for ]/]/].

The launch was the second to be conducted by ] following the catastrophic failure of a ] launch vehicle's second stage on ] in June 2015. It was also the final launch of a Block 2 Falcon 9—the ]—although some parts of the rocket body were reworked following conclusion of the failure investigation.<ref>, NASASpaceFlight.com, 8 January 2016, accessed 9 January 2016.</ref> It was the second Falcon 9 launch from Vandenburg AFB.

== Launch schedule history ==
{{expand section|date=January 2016}}
The Jason-3 mission appeared on the SpaceX manifest as early as July 2013, with a ''no earlier than'' launch year of 2015.<ref name=sxManifest20130731>{{cite web|title=Launch Manifest - SpaceX |url=http://www.spacex.com/missions |publisher=SpaceX |accessdate=31 July 2013 }}</ref><!-- there is likely older history; this is what I've found so far. -->

A 7-second ] test of the rocket was completed on 11 January 2016.<ref name="nasa20160111">, NASA, 11 January 2016, accessed 12 January 2016.<!-- NASA "At Space Launch Complex 4 on Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, the static test fire of the SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket for the upcoming Jason-3 launch was completed Monday at 5:35 p.m. PST, 8:35 p.m. EST. The first stage engines fired for the planned full duration of 7 seconds. The initial review of the data appears to show a satisfactory test, but will be followed by a more thorough data review on Tuesday. With this test complete, the next step in prelaunch preparations is to mate the rocket and the Jason-3 spacecraft, which is encapsulated in the payload fairing. This also is planned to occur as soon as Tuesday. --></ref>
The test was successful, and the Launch Readiness Review was successfully completed with all parties on 15 January 2015.

== Payload ==
{{main|Jason-3}}

The payload on Flight 21 is an ] named ], a follow-on to the ] (OSTM) ('']''). The initial OSTM satellite, '']'', was launched in 2001.

Jason-3 is the result of a four-agency international partnership consisting of ], ], the French Space Agency ] (Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales), and ] (the European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites). ] built the spacecraft.

Jason-3 massed {{convert|525|kg}} at launch<ref name="noaa/nasa ama">
{{cite journal |doi=10.15200/winn.145199.97405 |title=Science AMA Series: We're NOAA and NASA scientists on the Jason-3 satellite mission set to launch January 17, used to observe global sea surface height, AMA! |work=Reddit AMA, Reddit Journal of Science |url=https://www.reddit.com/r/science/comments/3zjy4e/science_ama_series_were_noaa_and_nasa_scientists/ |date=5 January 2016 |accessdate=9 January 2016 }}</ref> and was successfully deployed into its target orbit after an ] about 56 minutes into the flight.<ref>{{cite AV media | date = 2016-01-17 | title = Jason-3 Hosted Webcast | url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ivdKRJzl6y0 | access-date = 2016-01-17 | time = 1:37:08 (55:58 after lift-off) | publisher = SpaceX}}</ref>

== Post-mission landing test ==
{{main|Falcon 9 first-stage landing tests}}
]
Following paperwork filed with US regulatory authorities in 2015,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://apps.fcc.gov/oetcf/els/reports/STA_Print.cfm?mode=initial&application_seq=69074&RequestTimeout=1000,|title=OET Special Temporary Authority Report|publisher=}}</ref>
SpaceX confirmed in January that they would attempt a controlled-descent ] and ] of the ] on the ] ].<ref name=nbc20160107>
, NBC News, 7 January 2016, accessed 8 January 2016.</ref><!-- press conference, Hans Koenigsmann speaking for SpaceX: they are not attempting the landing on the land landing site at VAFB SLC4W because they have not yet received approval from the regulatory authorities; will find a secondary source before adding to the article prose... --><!-- HK: they may try to give video coverage of the landing, but unsure they can do it from over the horizon, satellite links, etc. -->

This followed the first successful landing and booster recovery on the ] in December 2015.<ref name=presskit201512>{{cite web |title=SpaceX ORBCOMM-2 Mission |url=http://www.spacex.com/sites/spacex/files/spacex_orbcomm_press_kit_final2.pdf |accessdate=December 21, 2015 |work=press kit |publisher=SpaceX |date=December 21, 2015 |quote=''This mission also marks SpaceX’s return-to-flight as well as its first attempt to land a first stage on land. The landing of the first stage is a secondary test objective.''}}</ref><!-- this was explicitly a test on the December 2015 launch, per SpaceX, and secondary to the primary launch objective of the 11-satellite Orbcomm OG2 payload --><ref name=nsf20151231>
{{cite news |last1=Gebhardt|first1=Chris |title=Year In Review, Part 4: SpaceX and Orbital ATK recover and succeed in 2015 |url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2015/12/yir4-spacex-orbital-atk-recover-succeed-2015/ |accessdate=1 January 2016 |work=NASASpaceFlight.com |date=31 December 2015 }}</ref>
The controlled-descent through the ] and landing attempt for each booster is an arrangement that is not used on other ] ]s.<ref name=ft20151201>
{{cite news |title=SpaceX wants to land next booster at Cape Canaveral |url=http://www.floridatoday.com/story/tech/science/space/spacex/2015/12/01/spacex-wants-land-next-booster-cape-canaveral/76576142/ |date=December 1, 2015 |work=Florida Today |accessdate=December 4, 2015 }}</ref>

Approximately 9 minutes into the flight, the live video feed from the autonomous drone ship ], located about {{convert|200|mi|km}} out in the ], went down due to the ship losing its lock on the uplink satellite. ] later reported that the first stage did successfully soft-land on the ship, but a lockout on one of the landing legs failed to latch and it fell over resulting in a rapid unscheduled disassembly event.<ref>{{cite AV media | date = 2016-01-17 | title = Jason-3 Hosted Webcast | url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ivdKRJzl6y0 | access-date = 2016-01-17 | time = 1:06:30 (25:20 after lift-off) | publisher = SpaceX}}</ref><ref></ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/688816554306191360|title=Elon Musk on Twitter|work=Twitter}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.instagram.com/p/BAqirNbwEc0/|title=Instagram|work=Instagram}}</ref><ref name=gw20160117>
{{cite news |last=Boyle|first=Alan |url=http://www.geekwire.com/2016/spacex-launches-jason-3-satellite-then-tries-landing-falcon-9-rocket-at-sea/ |title=SpaceX rocket launches satellite, but tips over during sea landing attempt |work=GeekWire |date=2016-01-17 |accessdate=2016-01-18 }}</ref><!-- this gw20160117 ref by veteran space journalist Alan Boyle really covers the entire rather extensive set of tweets SpaceX and Elon Musk did on 17 Jan to describe the landing and preliminary analysis of what happened. --><ref name=wp20160118>
{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/latest-spacex-ice-buildup-may-have-led-rocket-to-tip-over/2016/01/18/ccecea90-bdb2-11e5-98c8-7fab78677d51_story.html |title=SpaceX: ice buildup may have led rocket to tip over |work=Washington Post |publisher=Washington Post |date=2016-01-18 |accessdate=2016-01-18 |quote=Musk tweeted that the lockout collet on one of the rocket’s four legs didn’t latch, causing it to tip over after landing. He said the “root cause may have been ice buildup due to condensation from heavy fog at liftoff.” }}</ref>

Debris from the fire, including several rocket engines attached to the ] assembly, arrived back to shore on board the floating landing platform on 18 January 2016.<ref name="sfn20160120">
{{cite news |url=http://spaceflightnow.com/2016/01/20/spacex-rocket-wreckage-back-on-shore-after-near-miss-at-landing/ |title=SpaceX rocket wreckage back on shore after near-miss at landing |work=SpaceflightNow |date=2016-01-20 |accessdate=2016-01-21 }}</ref>

==See also==
* ]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Falcon 9 Flight 21}}

* , Elon Musk, 17 January 2016.
* On previous flight, landing attempt, and successful landing and rocket recovery: , ''Washington Post'', December 2015.
* , 16 January 2016.

{{SpaceX}}
{{Orbital launches in 2016}}

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