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| '''Persian Empire''' may refer to: | |||
| ==Pre-Islamic== | |||
| ==Achaemenid Persian Empire== | |||
| ] | |||
| The '''Achaemenid Persian Empire''' ({{IPAc-en|icon|ə|ˈ|k|iː|m|ə|n|ɪ|d}}; ]: ''Parsā'', name of ruling dynasty: ''Haxāmanišiya'', {{lang-fa|دودمان هخامنشي }} ) (c. 550–330 BCE), sometimes known as the '''First Persian Empire''', was an ]ian empire in ], founded in the 6th century BCE by ] who overthrew the ]. It expanded to eventually rule over significant portions of the ancient world which at around 500 BCE stretched from the Indus Valley in the east, to ] and ] on the northeastern border of ], making it the biggest empire the world had yet seen.<ref name=book>{{cite book|title=Encyclopedia of the ancient Greek world|author=David Sacks, Oswyn Murray, Lisa R. Brody|year=2005|publisher=Infobase Publishing|pages=256 (at the right portion of the page)|url=http://books.google.com/?id=yyrao0dadqAC&pg=PA256&dq=perseus+father+of+persian#v=onepage&q=perseus%20father%20of%20persian&f=false|isbn=978-0-8160-5722-1}}</ref> | |||
| ==Parthian Empire== | |||
| ] | |||
| The '''Parthian Empire''' ({{lang-fa|شاهنشاهی پارت}}), ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|p|ɑr|θ|i|ən}}; 247 BC – 224 AD), also known as the '''Arsacid Empire''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɑr|s|ə|s|ɪ|d}}; ]: اشکانیان ''Ashkāniān''), was a major ] political and cultural power in ].<ref>{{harvnb|Waters|1974|p=424}}.</ref> Its latter name comes from ]<ref>{{harvnb|Brosius|2006|p=84}}</ref> who, as leader of the ] tribe, founded it in the mid-3rd century BC when he conquered the ] region<ref>"roughly western ]" {{harvnb|Bickerman|1983|p=6}}.</ref> in ]'s northeast, then a ] (province) in rebellion against the ]. ] (r. ''c''. 171–138 BC) greatly expanded the empire by seizing ] and ] from the Seleucids. At its height, the Parthian Empire stretched from the northern reaches of the ], in what is now south-eastern ], to eastern ]. The empire, located on the ] trade route between the ] in the ] and ] of ], became a center of trade and commerce. | |||
| The Parthians largely adopted the art, architecture, religious beliefs, and royal insignia of their culturally heterogeneous empire, which encompassed ], ], and regional cultures. For about the first half of its existence, the Arsacid court adopted elements of ], though it eventually saw a gradual revival of Iranian traditions. | |||
| ==Sassanid Empire== | |||
| ] | |||
| The '''Sassanian Empire''' or '''Sassanid Persian Empire''' ({{IPA-en|sæˈseɪniən|pron}}, {{IPA-en|ˈsæsənɪd|}}; also spelled '''Sasanid''' or '''Sasanian'''), known to its inhabitants as '''Ērānshahr''' and '''Ērān''' in ] and resulting in the ] terms ''Iranshahr'' and ''Iran'',<ref>{{Citation | |||
| |author=MacKenzie, D. N. | |||
| |title=A Concise Pahlavi Dictionary|year=2005 | |||
| |page=120 | |||
| |publisher=Routledge Curzon|location=London & New York | |||
| |isbn=0-19-713559-5 | |||
| }}</ref> was the last pre-]ic ]n Empire, ruled by the ] from AD 224 to AD 651.<ref name=wiesehofer>{{harv|Wiesehofer|1996}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=A Brief History |url=http://www.cultureofiran.com/b_history.php |date= |work=Culture of Iran |publisher= |accessdate=11 September 2009 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071011165840/http://cultureofiran.com/b_history.php |archivedate = October 11, 2007}}</ref> The Sassanid Empire, which succeeded the ], was recognized as one of the main powers in ] and ], alongside the Roman/Byzantine Empire, for a period of more than 400 years.<ref name=EIr-Sasanian>{{harv|Shapur Shahbazi|2005}}</ref> | |||
| ==See also== | |||
| *] | |||
| *] | |||
| *] | |||
| *] | |||
| *] | |||
| {{disambig}} | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
Latest revision as of 19:43, 4 December 2021
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