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| {{About|the region in Nepal|the ancient region|History of Mithila|the proposed state in India|Mithila, India}} | |||
| {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2016}} | |||
| {{refimprove|date=May 2012}} | |||
| ''Mithila'' ({{lang-ne|'''मिथिला राज्य'''}}; ] : '''মিথিলা রাজ্য''' | |||
| ) is a region of ] located in ] belt or eastern ] plains. It is the ]-speaking area of Nepal including 13 district of Nepal bordering from current Parsa to Jhapa District of Nepal.<ref>https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=n4FQMEiZcrIC&pg=PA251&dq=free+mithila+state&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiI1KfJw-XQAhXHJsAKHZ2bBSoQ6AEIGjAA</ref> | |||
| The people here share cultural and marriage ties with ]<ref>{{cite web | url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=R3tuAAAAMAAJ&q=mithila+nepal+india+cultural+ties&dq=mithila+nepal+india+cultural+ties&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjzuuGD-snRAhVJJMAKHaCNDFMQ6AEILDAB | title=Nepal-India border relations | accessdate=17 January 2017 | pages=9-37}}</ref> and there is an ongoing movement for a "Free Mithila state" which wants secession from Nepal to rejoin fellow ]s in ].<ref>https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=n4FQMEiZcrIC&pg=PA251&dq=free+mithila+state&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiI1KfJw-XQAhXHJsAKHZ2bBSoQ6AEIGjAA</ref> | |||
| == Geography == | |||
| The region is surrounded by:<ref>{{cite book|last=Federalism dialogues|first=series-3|title=Mithila|year=2011|publisher=CCD-2011|location=Kathmandu|pages=iii|url=http://www.ccd.org.np/new/publications/03_MBKM_English.pdf}}</ref> | |||
| * The foot of the ] to the North. | |||
| * The international border with India to the South. | |||
| * The ] of India to the West. | |||
| * The ] and ] of India to the east. | |||
| The region contains a total of 948 VDCs (Village Development Committees), including 14 municipalities. The province covers about {{convert|14058.7|km2|abbr=on}}. of Nepal's total area of {{convert|147181|km2|abbr=on}}. with an estimated 6.65 million inhabitants, it is by far the most populous of the new proposed provinces.<ref>{{cite book|last=Center for constitutional dialogue|first=Series 3|title=Mithila-Bhojpur-Koch-Madhes|year=2011|publisher=CCD-2011|location=Kathmandu|page=14|url=http://www.ccd.org.np/new/publications/03_MBKM_English.pdf}}</ref> | |||
| === Roadways === | |||
| ] lies 25 kilometres (16 mi) south of the ].<ref name=reed>{{cite book|url =https://books.google.com/books?id=lcbUIOTcE18C&pg=PA361&lpg=PA361&dq=Mahendra+Highway+Nepalganj&source=bl&ots=T5S7zIzVRd&sig=ZDxdXVuHGjwwoeEOWAi-56Y4VMk&hl=en&ei=W7b0S-GzIcy0rAfU4vC4Cg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10&ved=0CEAQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Mahendra%20Highway%20Nepalganj&f=false|title=The rough guide to Nepal| work = Nepalganj p. 361, Mahendranagar p. 374, Janakpur p. 388, Kankarbhitta p. 400, Itahar p. 442 | first= | last=David Reed, James McConnachie | publisher = Google book |accessdate = 2010-05-18}}</ref> At its eastern end this road joins an ] that connects it to ], the capital city of the country and ].<ref name=woodhatch>{{cite book|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=E2MxdOkoyCQC&pg=PA450&lpg=PA450&dq=Mahendra+Highway&source=bl&ots=ssPTZPBdBV&sig=U9UoIaXxny1jUOlmofHJQYnQox0&hl=en&ei=n3P0S-2ABoytrAfY_KitDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CDUQ6AEwBzgK#v=onepage&q=Mahendra%20Highway&f=false | title =Nepal handbook | work =Western Nepal p. 29, Junctions p. 44, Length p. 238, Overview p. 373, Nepalganj p. 394 -398, Terai east of Sapt Kosi p. 401, Janakpur p. 436, Eastern Nepal p. 450, | first=Tom | last=Woodhatch | publisher = Google books |accessdate = 2012-05-09}}</ref> At its western end it enters the ] state of the country which further links to ] and ], the industrial states of Nepal.<ref name=reed>{{cite book|url =https://books.google.com/books?id=lcbUIOTcE18C&pg=PA361&lpg=PA361&dq=Mahendra+Highway+Nepalganj&source=bl&ots=T5S7zIzVRd&sig=ZDxdXVuHGjwwoeEOWAi-56Y4VMk&hl=en&ei=W7b0S-GzIcy0rAfU4vC4Cg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10&ved=0CEAQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Mahendra%20Highway%20Nepalganj&f=false | title = The rough guide to Nepal | work = Nepalganj p. 361, Mahendranagar p. 374, Janakpur p. 388, Kankarbhitta p. 400, Itahar p. 442 | first= | last=David Reed, James McConnachie | publisher = Google book |accessdate = 2012-05-09}}</ref> The Mahendra (East-West) Highway is the longest in the country, at {{Convert|1000|km}}.<ref name=reed>{{cite book|url =https://books.google.com/books?id=lcbUIOTcE18C&pg=PA361&lpg=PA361&dq=Mahendra+Highway+Nepalganj&source=bl&ots=T5S7zIzVRd&sig=ZDxdXVuHGjwwoeEOWAi-56Y4VMk&hl=en&ei=W7b0S-GzIcy0rAfU4vC4Cg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10&ved=0CEAQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Mahendra%20Highway%20Nepalganj&f=false | title = The rough guide to Nepal | work = Nepalganj p. 361, Mahendranagar p. 374, Janakpur p. 388, Kankarbhitta p. 400, Itahar p. 442 | first= | last=David Reed, James McConnachie | publisher = Google book |accessdate = 2010-05-18}}</ref> | |||
| The ] does not cross as much of the Mithila region of Nepal as the Mahendra Highway, but it is equally important as it connects the Mithila region to ], the capital of Nepal, on one side and to the Indian State of ] and ] on the other side.<ref name="Highways in Nepal"></ref> | |||
| === Railways === | |||
| {{Main|Nepal Railways}} | |||
| A few other railway projects are under progress in the Mithila region of Nepal. All these projects are of ]. Government of Nepal has proposed Janakpur as a Main Station for 1024 km east-west Metro Railway project and further be extended to ] and China for connecting ] with ] and ] for business and tourism promotion.<ref></ref> | |||
| *] (Nepal) to ] (China) (Part of Kathmandu-Beijing/Nepal-China Metro Railways) | |||
| * ], ] (Nepal) to ] (India) (Part of Kathmandu-Patna/Nepal-India Railways) | |||
| * ] (Nepal) to ] (Nepal) (part of East-West 1024 km Nepal Railway and Capital City Corridor) | |||
| *] (Nepal) to ] (Nepal) (Part of East-West Railway and Mithila Corridor) | |||
| * ] (Nepal) to ] Nepal) (Part of East-west Railway and Industrial Corridor) | |||
| * ] (Nepal) to ] (Nepal) (Part of East-west Railway and Industrial Corridor) | |||
| === Airways === | |||
| {{Main|Nepal Airlines destinations}} | |||
| Mithila region has 3 airports: | |||
| * Rajbiraj Airport, in ] | |||
| * ] (Mithila Airport) in Janakpur. | |||
| * ] in ] close to ]. | |||
| * Nijgadh International Airport in ]. | |||
| == Languages == | |||
| The ] is the native language of this region. | |||
| ==Culture== | |||
| === Temples and festivals === | |||
| Mithila is known for the ] of Janakpur. This temple, one of the biggest in Nepal, was built in 1898 (1955 in the ]) by Amar Singh Thapa with financial aid by Queen Brisabhanu Kunwar of ].<ref name="HT"> by Rastriya Samachar Samiti. The Himalyan Times, 13 April. Accessed September 2008</ref> It is also called "Nau Lakha Mandir" after the cost of construction, said to be nine (nau) ]. The oldest temple in Janakpur is Ram Mandir, built by the Nepali soldier ].<ref name="HT"/> Pilgrims also visit the more than 200 ] in the city for ritual baths. The two most important, Dhanush Sagar and Ganga Sagar, are located close to the city centre in Janakpur. The Vivah Mandap temple is where ] and Sita are said to have been married. It is situated next to the Janki Mandir. | |||
| Major religious celebrations include the Hindu festivals ] and ],<ref name="HT"/> followed by the spectacular ] Puja originated here (sun worship) six days after Deepavali. Both Deepavali and Chhath are celebrated with a carnival atmosphere. | |||
| The festival of ] is celebrated at the end of the winter season on the last full moon day of the lunar month ] (February/March). Other festivals honor Rama and Sita: | |||
| * ], the birthday of Lord Rama, in March–April (9th Day of Chait month of the ]) | |||
| * Janaki Navami, the birth anniversary Maa Sita in late April or early May (9th Day of Baisakh month of the ]).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nepalvista.com/travel/janakpur.html |title=Janakpur | Travel |publisher=NepalVista.com |date=27 April 2007 |accessdate=2012-12-31}}</ref> And | |||
| * ] or ] festival re-enacts the wedding of Rama and Sita at the famous Vivah Mandap temple on the fifth day of the waxing moon in November or early December (after Kartik Purnima), where Rama broke the bow of ]. | |||
| Pilgrims stay in one of the city's five good hotels or small guest houses. There are also five fully equipped dharmashalas (cheap lodgings for pilgrims). | |||
| === Art === | |||
| Nepali Maithil women are known internationally for their ], also called as ], especially their paintings on pottery, walls and courtyards. | |||
| ] is done with fingers, twigs, brushes, nib-pens, and matchsticks, using natural dyes and pigments, and is characterized by eye-catching geometrical patterns. There are paintings for each occasion and festival such as birth, marriage, ], surya shasti, ], ] (sacred thread ceremony), and ]. | |||
| === Entertainment === | |||
| Cinemas in the region show new and old films in ], ] and ] languages. Hollywood films are less popular<!-- than what? -->. Stage shows, concerts and plays are occasionally organized by the local clubs and organizations. Mithila Natyakala Parishad (MINAP), a not-for-profit organization dedicated to promoting Mithila culture, is a prominent promoter of the performing arts.<ref></ref> | |||
| == Notable people from Mithila region == | |||
| The following are notable residents (past and present) of Mithila (Nepal). | |||
| * ], (The first President of Nepal) was born in ] of Mithila region in Nepal. He is the current ]. He was elected in July 2008 and is the country's first President. He previously served as Minister of Health and as General Secretary of the ] party.<ref>]</ref> | |||
| * ] was born in the ] of Mithila region of India but settled in Nepal. He is the current ] and a former ] judge. | |||
| * ], was born in the ] of Mithila region of Nepal. He is a Nepali politician who was ] from 25 May 2009 until 6 February 2011.<ref>{{Cite news | url = https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gD6g0JrxeQ5R-4t1N1bfBE0CSOwQ | title = Nepal parliament elects new PM | publisher = AFP via Google News }}</ref> Nepal announced his resignation as Prime Minister on 30 June 2010.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/world/south_asia/10464705.stm | work=BBC News | title=Nepal PM quits in live TV address | date=30 June 2010}}</ref> He was previously the General Secretary of ] for 15 years.<ref>]</ref> | |||
| ==See also== | |||
| *] | |||
| *] | |||
| == References == | |||
| {{reflist|2}} | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
Latest revision as of 14:20, 17 January 2022
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