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| The '''1957 Georgia Memorial to Congress''' declares that the 14th Amendment is null, void and of no effect due to manifest violations of the Constitution of the United States of America, especially Section 4, Article IV of the Constitution. | |||
| The '''1957 Georgia Memorial to Congress''' was a joint resolution by the legislature of the state of ], and approved by ] ] on March 8, 1957, urging the ] to declare the ] and ] null and void<ref name="cviog.uga.edu">Joint Resolution of the Georgia General Assembly, March 8, 1957, "Memorial to Congress - Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments to U.S. Constitution Be Declared Void", No. 45 (Senate Resolution No. 39), at {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070206214314/http://www.cviog.uga.edu/Projects/gainfo/1957resn-7.htm |date=2007-02-06 }}.</ref> because of purported violations of the Constitution during the post-] ratification process. | |||
| == Historical context == | |||
| The document also reveals the unconstitutional overthrow of the federal government of the united States of America, and eleven Southern states in violation of the Constitution of the united States of America and the Constititions of the eleven Southern States. | |||
| The Memorial, part of Georgia's "continuing battle for ],"<ref>"Georgians 'void' U.S. amendments," ''New York Times'', February 9, 1957.</ref> followed the ]'s ruling, in '']'', that the Fourteenth Amendment prohibits states from discriminating against racial minorities in public schools. | |||
| === Numeration of contentions === | |||
| Further, the document reveals that the de facto government existing since these unlawful and illegal acts appears to be a subversive organization in contradistinction to the claim that the U.S. government is an example of representative government in the world. | |||
| The Georgia resolution is a petition in the form of a ].<ref>John Bouvier Law Dictionary: MEMORIAL. A petition or representation made by one or more individuals to a legislative or other body.</ref> The Resolution makes certain contentions, including the following:<ref name="cviog.uga.edu"/> | |||
| * That the State of Georgia and ten other Southern States meet the conditions laid down by the President for the resumption of practical relations, and elected Senators and Representatives to the 19th Congress ]"].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vault.georgiaarchives.org/digital/collection/adhoc/id/9094/|title = Vol2-10773_sr39a}}</ref> | |||
| The 1957 Georgia Memorial to Congress and its legal implications have never been refuted, and the document became an "aged document", i.e., 50 years old and undisputed, on March 8, 2007 A.D. As a joint resolution signed by the governor it has the force and effect of law. | |||
| * That when the southern Senators and Representatives appeared in the Capitol to take their seats, "hostile majorities" in both houses of Congress refused to admit them; | |||
| * That the affected Congresses were, constitutionally, nothing more than "private assemblages unlawfully attempting to exercise legislative power"; | |||
| * That the 19th Congress was without lawful power to propose any constitutional amendments; | |||
| * That two-thirds of the members of each house failed to vote for the submission of the 14th and 15th amendments; | |||
| * That all subsequent proceedings were null and void; | |||
| * That the proposals were rejected by the State of Georgia and twelve other southern states, as well as some northern states, but that subsequent Congresses illegally dissolved the governments in Georgia and nine other southern states by military force, and that puppet governments "compliantly ratified the invalid proposals"; | |||
| * That the pretended ratification of the 14th and 15th amendments was necessary "to give color to the claim that these so-called amendments had been ratified by three-fourths of the states"; | |||
| * That the mere lapse of time does not confirm an invalidly-enacted provision; | |||
| * That the continued recognition of the 14th and 15th amendments "is incompatible with the present day position of the United States as the World's champion of Constitutional governments resting upon the consent of the people given through their lawful representatives". | |||
| === Reaction === | |||
| Additionally, considering that the document is an aged document that has never been refuted by the federal government or any state government, all of which have stood silent for 50 years and unresponsive to the petition, the maxim of law wherein any petition that is not refuted is assumed to be agreed with firmly stands. | |||
| The events described in the memorial were the subject of an editorial in a 1957 ''U.S. News & World Report''.<ref>September 27, 1957, page 140 et seq. http://www.constitution.org/14ll/no14th.htm</ref> | |||
| ==See also== | |||
| Source: Ga. Laws 1957, pp. 348-351. http://www.cviog.uga.edu/Projects/gainfo/1957.htm | |||
| * ] | |||
| == Additional Legal Evidence Supporting the 1957 Georgia Memorial to Congress == | |||
| ==Notes== | |||
| Judge A.H. Ellett, of the Utah Supreme Court, in Dyett v. Turner, 439 P2d 266 @ 269, 20 U2d 403 , concluded: | |||
| {{reflist}} | |||
| ==External links== | |||
| <blockquote> | |||
| *. | |||
| ... the States have the "textually demonstrable constitutional commitment of the issues" to determine the validity of the ratification votes cast on an Amendment''', and ...'''The authority to determine the validity of the votes cast in ratification of an Amendment are with the States... | |||
| </blockquote> | |||
| ] | |||
| Reference: Judge A.H. Ellett (Dyett v. Turner, 439 P2d 266 @ 269, 20 U2d 403 ): | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| Source: http://www.rangeguide.net/illegal14thamendment.htm | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| It may be helpful to know that the 14th amendment proclamations of July 20, 1868, cite 51, and July 28, 1868, cite 53, were issued as Presidential Executive Orders. | |||
| ] | |||
| Presidential Executive Order No. 6 **, issued July 20, 1868. Ratification of the 14th Amendment certified as valid, provided the consent of Ohio and New Jersey be deemed as remaining in force despite subsequent withdrawal. **Signed by William H. Seward, Secretary of State. Has the form of a proclamation. | |||
| Presidential Executive Order No. 7 **, issued July 28, 1868. 14th Amendment certified as in effect and ordered published. **Signed by William H. Seward, Secretary of State. | |||
| From Presidential Executive Order Title List -- Presidential Executive Orders, 2 vols. (N.Y.: Books, Inc., 1944 Copyright by Mayor of N.Y. 1944), vol. 1, pp. 1-2. | |||
| '''In this light the 14th's alleged ratification (amendment) results from an un-Constitutional Executive Order enforced at the point of the bayonet, a terrorized populace afraid to speak out against it and the continual suppression of the truth by the monopolistic televised media, not an Article of Amendment to the Constitution of the united States of America.''' | |||
| Three undisputed points combined for legal consideration: | |||
| '''A) New Jersey was disenfranchised in the Senate by having its lawfully elected Senator accepted, and then rejected, and without a 2/3rds vote;''' | |||
| '''B) Oregon's faulty ratification vote with unlawful state legislators being allowed to cast votes; and the lawfully constituted state legislature then rejecting the Fourteenth, but too late.''' | |||
| '''C) Non-republican governments of the southern States imposed by military force and fiat, cannot ratify anything. Either the Fourteenth is legal and the anti-slavery amendment is not, or the anti-slavery amendment is legal and the Fourteenth is not.''' | |||
| News Source (U.S. News & World Report): http://www.constitution.org/14ll/no14th.htm | |||
| == Waived Responses By Governments To Public Challenges Validates Georgia's 1957 Memorial == | |||
| ''On March 8, 1995, Burk-Elder: Hale, Third (Elder Hale), National Director of the Fully Informed Grand Jurors Alliance (FIGJA), stood on the courthouse steps In Chattanooga, TN, read the 1957 Georgia Memorial to Congress, and no one responded to his challenge to refute the documents legal implications that there is no Lawful government in America. That day, the Chattanooga Times Free Press, the official public record for Hamilton County had an editorial that completely supported the information that he had provided.'' | |||
| News Sources: | |||
| U.S. News & World Report: http://www.constitution.org/14ll/no14th.htm | |||
| Chattanooga Free Press: http://www.rangeguide.net/freepress.htm | |||
| ''Elder Hale, an Elder of Clan na Gael and Scots-Irish Chief of Clan Hale, has appeared on court house steps, in commission meetings, and even at Wilder Tower in the Chickamauga & Chattanooga National Military Park stating the same facts and asking for responses (no response refuting the facts were ever made) to his challenges about the facts presented. Park Rangers almost arrested Elder Hale there, in nations largest military park, but the appearance of local television station reporters on the scene prompted park rangers to reconsider and Elder Hale simply walked away after "taking the field". Elder Hale has attempted to substantiate who the Lawful authorities are in America since 1990, and has not found any Lawful civil or military government in America after 17 years of diligent efforts in public. Elder Hale served a petition to the Catoosa County, Georgia Commission, supported by Commissioner Burk E. Hale, Jr., on February 21, 2002 A.D., and the commission did not refute the facts stated in the 1957 Georgia Memorial to Congress.'' | |||
| Source: http://www.rangeguide.net/petition.htm | |||
| ''Elder Hale has publicly claimed that "he so-called 'Fourteenth Amendment' is an un-ratified, frauduent document subversively forced upon the American people by an unconstitutional military overthrow of the Lawful governmemnt of the united States of America and several State governments '''after''' the so-called "Civil War", proven by the unrefuted 1957 Georgia Memorial to Congress, and irrefutable evidence that the de facto government of the U.S. cannot be an example of representative government before the peoples of the Earth. On March 8, 2007 A.D the Georgia Memorial to Congress became an '''aged document''', e.g., judicially notable for being unchallenged for 50 years. It is also a '''joint resolution''' approved by the Senate and House of Representatives of Georgia and approved by the Governor of Georgia, thereby giving it the force and effect of Law. The legal facts and legal implications speak to the apparent proof that the de facto federal government existing, after the unconstitutional military overthrow of the Lawful government of the united States of America in 1868, was and remains a subversive organization."'' | |||
| Source: http://www.rangeguide.net/figja.htm | |||
| == Recently Rediscovered Amendment Validates Georgia's 1957 Memorial == | |||
| As there was no penalty attached to a title of nobility or honor in the Constitution as originally ratified, the Original Thirteenth Amendment was proposed in December of 1809 to institute penalty for accepting or using a "Title of Nobility or Honor" to set oneself apart from, or superior to, or possessing of any special privileges or immunities not available to any other citizen of the United States, and to eliminate the widespread use of "emoluments" as bribery and graft of the legislatures and judiciary used to further the causes and positions of "Special Interests". It was an attempt to keep politicians and civil servants "Honest" in their service to the citizens. | |||
| In Article 1 of the Constitution, the original Thirteenth Amendment, ratified in 1819, adding a heavy penalty upon any person holding or accepting a Title of Nobility or Honor, or emoluments from external powers by making that person "cease to be a citizen of the United States" and "incapable of holding any Office of Trust or Profit under the United States". This Amendment was proposed, properly ratified, and was a matter of record in the several States archives until 1876, by which time it was quietly, and fraudulently deleted, never repealed, during the period of Reconstruction after the Civil War and the presently acknowledged Thirteenth Amendment was substituted. The original records of the original 13th amendment were thought to be destroyed at the time of the burning of the capitol during the War of 1812, but have since been found in the archives of the British Museum, the national archives and in the archives of several of the States and territories. The fact of its existence had been lost to memory until, by chance, researchers discovered in the public library at Belfast, Maine an 1825 copy of the U. S. Constitution. Subsequent research shows that it was in the records of the ratifying states and territories until 1876, the last to drop it from record was the Territory of Wyoming after 1876. The most intriguing discovery was the 1867 Colorado Territory edition which includes both the "missing" Thirteenth Amendment and the current 13th Amendment, on the same page. The current 13th Amendment is listed as the 14th Amendment in the 1867 Colorado edition. | |||
| The 1876 Laws of Wyoming which similarly show the "missing" Thirteenth Amendment, the current 13th Amendment (freeing the slaves), and the current 15th Amendment on the same page. The current 13th Amendment is listed as the 14th, the current 14th amendment is omitted, and the current 15th Amendment is in proper place. | |||
| Source: http://www.barefootsworld.net/consti12.html#13thdisc | |||
| == Recent Acts Repugnant To The Constitution Validates Georgia's 1957 Memorial == | |||
| ''The Military Commissions Act of 2006 states, in part, "Any person is punishable as a principal under this chapter who commits an offense punishable by this chapter, or aids, abets, counsels, commands, or procures its commission", and "Any person subject to this chapter who, in breach of an allegiance or duty to the United States, knowingly and intentionally aids an enemy of the United States ... shall be punished as a military commission … may direct." | |||
| Sources: | |||
| The Military Commissions Act of 2006: http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c109:S.+3930: | |||
| Habeas Corpus Suspended Regardless Of Sixth Amendment: http://www.consortiumnews.com/2007/020307.html | |||
| == Orders And Civil Actions Validating Subversive Activity Associated With Georgia's 1957 Memorial == | |||
| In accord with The Global 2000 report, Executive Order 11490 calls for the establishment of ten federal districts, called "NEWSTATES" and their capitals. All provisions of Executive Order 11490 are against the Constitution of the united States of America and constitutions of the several States (including Georgia) and once secretly implemented cannot be reviewed by the de facto Congress, established at the beginning of the Reconstruction Era and verified by the 1957 Georgia Memorial to Congress), for six months. | |||
| Sources: | |||
| Global 2000 & Executive Order 11490: http://www.nomorehoaxes.com/content/view/23/1/ | |||
| Civil Action Number 76-H-667: http://www.mindcontrolforums.com/us-concentration-camps.htm | |||
| Intelligence Activities and the Rights of Americans Book II: http://www.aarclibrary.org/publib/church/reports/book2/contents.htm | |||
| Civilian Detention Camps: http://www.nomorehoaxes.com/content/view/38/1/ | |||
| Subversive organizations have repeatedly focused on Georgia, and the Georgia Guidestones provide additional notorious evidence supporting Global 2000 & Executive Order 11490 by limiting the population of the earth to 500 million, which will require the extermination of nine-tenths of the world's people. | |||
| Sources: | |||
| Georgia Guidestones: http://www.nomorehoaxes.com/content/view/30/1/ | |||
| ] | |||
Latest revision as of 03:57, 2 March 2022
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The 1957 Georgia Memorial to Congress was a joint resolution by the legislature of the state of Georgia, and approved by Georgia Governor Marvin Griffin on March 8, 1957, urging the Congress of the United States to declare the 14th and 15th Amendments null and void because of purported violations of the Constitution during the post-Civil War ratification process.
Historical context
The Memorial, part of Georgia's "continuing battle for segregation," followed the Supreme Court's ruling, in Brown v. Board of Education, that the Fourteenth Amendment prohibits states from discriminating against racial minorities in public schools.
Numeration of contentions
The Georgia resolution is a petition in the form of a memorial. The Resolution makes certain contentions, including the following:
- That the State of Georgia and ten other Southern States meet the conditions laid down by the President for the resumption of practical relations, and elected Senators and Representatives to the 19th Congress .
- That when the southern Senators and Representatives appeared in the Capitol to take their seats, "hostile majorities" in both houses of Congress refused to admit them;
- That the affected Congresses were, constitutionally, nothing more than "private assemblages unlawfully attempting to exercise legislative power";
- That the 19th Congress was without lawful power to propose any constitutional amendments;
- That two-thirds of the members of each house failed to vote for the submission of the 14th and 15th amendments;
- That all subsequent proceedings were null and void;
- That the proposals were rejected by the State of Georgia and twelve other southern states, as well as some northern states, but that subsequent Congresses illegally dissolved the governments in Georgia and nine other southern states by military force, and that puppet governments "compliantly ratified the invalid proposals";
- That the pretended ratification of the 14th and 15th amendments was necessary "to give color to the claim that these so-called amendments had been ratified by three-fourths of the states";
- That the mere lapse of time does not confirm an invalidly-enacted provision;
- That the continued recognition of the 14th and 15th amendments "is incompatible with the present day position of the United States as the World's champion of Constitutional governments resting upon the consent of the people given through their lawful representatives".
Reaction
The events described in the memorial were the subject of an editorial in a 1957 U.S. News & World Report.
See also
Notes
- ^ Joint Resolution of the Georgia General Assembly, March 8, 1957, "Memorial to Congress - Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments to U.S. Constitution Be Declared Void", No. 45 (Senate Resolution No. 39), at Archived 2007-02-06 at the Wayback Machine.
- "Georgians 'void' U.S. amendments," New York Times, February 9, 1957.
- John Bouvier Law Dictionary: MEMORIAL. A petition or representation made by one or more individuals to a legislative or other body.
- "Vol2-10773_sr39a".
- September 27, 1957, page 140 et seq. http://www.constitution.org/14ll/no14th.htm