| Revision as of 17:54, 8 December 2017 edit80.3.43.138 (talk) Fixed typpTags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit← Previous edit |
Latest revision as of 03:25, 15 January 2023 edit undoCameron Dewe (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users28,933 edits Redirect reason: R from cut and paste move and other reasons |
| (2 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
|
|
#REDIRECT ] |
|
{{EngvarB|date=October 2013}} |
|
|
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2013}} |
|
|
{{Infobox civilian attack |
|
|
|title= Tullyvallen Orange Hall Massacre |
|
|
|partof= ] |
|
|
|image= File:Tullyvallen Orange Hall - geograph.org.uk - 1442874.jpg |
|
|
|image_size= |
|
|
| alt = |
|
|
| caption = The front of Tullyvallen Orange Hall before the massacre |
|
|
|location= Tullyvallen, ], ] |
|
|
| coordinates = {{coord|54.604008|N|5.948119|W|type:event|display=it|format=dms}} |
|
|
|date = 1 September 1975 |
|
|
|time =22:00 ] |
|
|
|type =shooting, bombing |
|
|
|weapons = ]<br>]<br>] |
|
|
|fatalities = 5 civilians killed |
|
|
|injuries = 7 civilians injured |
|
|
|perp = claimed by ] |
|
|
|susperp = ] |
|
|
|}}{{Campaignbox Northern Ireland Troubles}} |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
{{Rcat shell| |
|
On 1 September 1975 ] from the ] using the covername ] carried out a gun attack on an ] building (known as a Orange Hall) in Tullyvallen, ], ] close to the ] border. |
|
|
|
{{R from move}} |
|
Five people were killed in the attack and seven were injured.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/cgi-bin/dyndeaths.pl?querytype=date&day=1&month=09&year=1975|title=CAIN: Sutton Index of Deaths|first=Malcolm|last=Sutton|website=cain.ulst.ac.uk|accessdate=25 May 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/tullyvallen-massacre-40-years-on-the-memories-never-really-go-away-1-6930557|title=Tullyvallen massacre, 40 years on: ‘The memories never really go away’|website=www.newsletter.co.uk|accessdate=3 July 2017}}</ref> |
|
|
|
{{R from long name}} |
|
|
|
|
|
{{R from duplicated article|printworthy}} |
|
==The Republican Action Force== |
|
|
|
{{R with history}} |
|
The South Armagh Republican Action Force (SARAF) or just simply the Republican Action Force (RAF). Was a loose alliance of Republican paramilitaries who were against the 1975 IRA truce with the British government. They were a response to the ] (PAF) who were a cover name for the UVF when carrying out sectarian attacks on Catholics.<ref>UVF - The End Game by Henry McDonald & Jim Cusack</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.ie/books?id=P6mPDAAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=UVF - The Endgame|first1=Henry|last1=McDonald|first2=Jim|last2=Cusack|date=30 June 2016|publisher=Poolbeg Press Ltd|accessdate=3 July 2017|via=Google Books}}</ref> |
|
|
|
{{R printworthy}} |
|
Most the members of this rogue group were IRA volunteers especially the ones in border counties like South Armagh, Tyrone and Fermanagh. There was also members of ] (INLA) involved in the group according to journalist Jack Holland.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}} |
|
|
|
}} |
|
|
|
|
==Previous attacks== |
|
|
The attack preceded a string of tit-for-tat sectarian killings carried out by Republican and ] paramilitaries as far back as February 1975 <ref>{{cite web|url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch75.htm#Feb|title=CAIN: Chronology of the Conflict 1975|first=Dr Martin|last=Melaugh|website=cain.ulst.ac.uk|access-date=25 May 2017}}</ref> on the same day as truce between the IRA and the ] was supposed to start.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/cgi-bin/dyndeaths.pl?querytype=date&day=10&month=02&year=1975|title=CAIN: Sutton Index of Deaths|first=Malcolm|last=Sutton|website=cain.ulst.ac.uk|access-date=25 May 2017}}</ref> |
|
|
In August, the month before the Tullyvallen attack, Loyalists and Republicans carried out a string of sectarian attacks, leading to over 20 deaths and 100-plus injuries. |
|
|
* On 22 August three Catholics were killed in a bomb attack on a bar in Armagh. Another Catholic died of injuries caused by Loyalists a few days earlier.<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/cgi-bin/dyndeaths.pl?querytype=date&day=22&month=08&year=1975|title=CAIN: Sutton Index of Deaths|first=Malcolm|last=Sutton|website=cain.ulst.ac.uk|access-date=25 May 2017}}</ref> |
|
|
* Two days later two Catholic civilians were abducted and murdered by the UVF in Armagh.<ref name="auto"/> |
|
|
* On 30 August the ] (UDA) bombed a pub in Belfast killing two Catholic civilians.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/cgi-bin/dyndeaths.pl?querytype=date&day=30&month=08&year=1975|title=CAIN: Sutton Index of Deaths|first=Malcolm|last=Sutton|website=cain.ulst.ac.uk|access-date=25 May 2017}}</ref> |
|
|
|
|
|
==Orange Hall Attack== |
|
|
On 1 September 1975, a few days after two Catholic civilians were had been abducted and then shot dead by the UVF a short distance way in , the ] claimed responsibility for a gun attack on Tullyvallen ] near ], County Armagh. The attack happened at about 10pm, when a group of Orangemen were holding a meeting inside.<ref name="lostlives">McKittrick, David. ''Lost Lives''. Mainstream Publishing, 1999. p.572</ref> A number of the Orangemen were members of the Royal Ulster Constabulary and British Army and were armed. Two gunmen entered the hall and using deadly ] rifles sprayed it with bullets while another stood outside and shot through a window.<ref name="lostlives"/> One of the Orangemen was an off-duty ] (RUC) officer. He returned fire with a pistol and believed he hit one of the attackers.<ref name="lostlives"/><ref>McKay, Susan. ''Northern Protestants: An unsettled people''. Blackstaff Press, 2005. p.190</ref> Five of the Orangemen, all civilians, were killed while seven others were wounded.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch75.htm|title=CAIN: Chronology of the Conflict 1975|first=Dr Martin|last=Melaugh|website=cain.ulst.ac.uk|accessdate=25 May 2017}}</ref> The attackers planted a {{convert|2|lb|kg}} bomb outside the hall but it failed to detonate.<ref name="lostlives"/> A caller to the ] claimed responsibility for the attack and said it was in retaliation for "the assassinations of fellow Catholics in Belfast".<ref>English, Richard. ''Armed Struggle: The history of the IRA''. Pan McMillen, 2004. p. 171<!-- ISBN needed --></ref> Shortly after, the Orange Order called for the creation of a legal ] (or "Home Guard") to deal with republican paramilitaries.<ref name="lostlives"/> |
|
|
|
|
|
==Aftermath== |
|
|
On the same day as the Tullyvallen attack, there were four other attacks that day around the six counties that lead to another five deaths. SDLP member Denis Mullen (36) was shot dead at his home by Loyalists.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/1975-murder-of-sdlp-man-still-fresh-in-my-mind-daughter-1-6932853|title=1975 murder of SDLP man ‘still fresh in my mind’: daughter|website=www.newsletter.co.uk|accessdate=3 July 2017}}</ref> |
|
|
|
|
|
Two days later on 3 September Loyalists killed two Catholic civilians, a father and daughter in their house.{{citation needed|date=November 2017}} |
|
|
|
|
|
==See also== |
|
|
*] |
|
|
*] |
|
|
|
|
|
==Sources== |
|
|
* |
|
|
* Bowyer Bell, J (2013) ''The IRA, 1968-2000: An Analysis of a Secret Army.'' Routledge. {{ISBN|1136333088}} |
|
|
|
|
|
==References2013== |
|
|
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}} |
|
|
|
|
|
{{PIRA}} |
|
|
{{The Troubles|state=collapsed}} |
|
|
|
|
|
] |
|
|
] |
|
|
] |
|
|
] |
|
|
] |
|
|
] |
|
|
] |
|