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The '''American Chess Association''' ('''ACA''') was a ] organization founded in ] in 1857.<ref>{{cite book | title = This Day in New York Sports | author = Jordan Sprechman |author2= Bill Shannon | pages = 280, 406 | isbn = 1-57167-254-0 | publisher = Sports Publishing LLC | year = 1998}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.chessville.com/BillWall/StrangeButTrue.htm | title = Strange But True | work = Bill Wall's Wonderful World of Chess | author = Bill Wall | accessdate = 2007-07-08 }}</ref> The organization organized the first major chess tournament, the First ], in the United States on October 6, 1857.<ref>{{cite book | title = Who Was Who in America | year = 1967 | publisher = ] | page=23}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.brainyhistory.com/events/1857/october_6_1857_53681.html | title = October 6, 1857 in History | work = ] | accessdate = 2007-07-28 }}</ref> On November 11, 1857, ], who had defeated ] in the tournament, was presented with a silver service at the prize giving by Colonel Charles D. Mead, President of the ACA.<ref>{{cite book | title = Paul Morphy : his later life | author = C.A. Buck | location = Newport, Ky. | publisher = Will. H. Lyons | year = 1902 | oclc = 2393093 | url = http://batgirl.atspace.com/CA_Buck.html | accessdate = 2007-07-28 | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070701030321/http://batgirl.atspace.com/CA_Buck.html | archivedate = 1 July 2007 | url-status = dead }}</ref> On behalf of Paul Morphy, the American Chess Association offered a $5,000 challenge to any player in Europe to contest a match with the recently crowned ACA champion.<ref>{{cite book | title = The Exploits and Triumphs, in Europe, of Paul Morphy | author = Frederick Milnes Edge | year = 1859 | publisher = D. Appleton & Company | pages = 16 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=rJcCAAAAYAAJ&dq=%22The+Exploits+and+Triumphs%22+%22American+Chess+Association%22&pg=PA16 }}</ref>
The American Chess Association represents the United States as the official governing body within the World Chess Federation, Inc. It was founded in 1857 when it sponsored the First American Chess Congress. On November 11, 1857 Paul Morphy, who had defeated Paulsen for the ACA title, was presented a silver service at the prize giving by Colonel Mead, President of the American Chess Association. On behalf of Paul Morphy, the American Chess Association offered a $5,000 challenge to any player in Europe to contest a match with the recently crowned ACA champion (see Illustrated London News, December 26, 1857). The purpose of the ACA is to extend the role of chess in American society. Current membership as of 2007 is approximately 71,000 members. Membership is $1 for life. The ACA publishes a monthly magazine, American Chess Monthly, now in its 151st year of publication, which can be subscribed to separately. American Chess Monthly has been published since Vol 1, #1 was founded and edited by Willard Fiske (who helped organize the First American Chess Congress), in January 1857.(see the Passionate Collector http://rmc.library.cornell.edu/collector/chess/chess_2.html). Fiske , with Paul Morphy as co-editor(http://sbchess.sinfree.net/willard.html), edited the American Chess Monthly until 1861. The American Chess Monthly was edited from 1892-1893 by George H Walcott, Jr. (as documented @ www.bcmchess.co.uk/chessbooksmoravian.html)Back issues Reprints from the organization dating back to 1861 are available from the ACA organization's library. ACA contact info is amchess@cox.net.

The ACA published a monthly magazine, '']'', founded in January 1857 by ], who had helped organize the First American Chess Congress.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://rmc.library.cornell.edu/collector/chess/chess_2.html | title = 1857 Chess Congress | work = Cornell Library | accessdate = 2007-07-28}}</ref> Fiske edited ''American Chess Monthly'' from 1857 until 1860, four months before it ceased publication. Morphy was credited as co-editor, though he had little actual involvement.<ref>{{cite book | title = ] | first1=David | last1=Hooper | authorlink1=David Vincent Hooper | first2=Kenneth | last2=Whyld | authorlink2=Kenneth Whyld | page=117 | isbn = 0-19-217540-8 | publisher = Oxford University Press | year = 1984}}</ref> Another magazine called ] published in 1879-96 had no connection with this one.

The organization ceased to function within a few years, and should not be confused with others of the same name founded in 1871 and 1874 (which organized the Third American Chess Congress), or the later American Chess Federation (a successor to the Western Chess Association), which merged with the National Chess Federation in 1939 to form the current ].<ref>{{Cite news | title = Before the USCF: Early American Chess Associations | periodical=] | date=January 2009 | first=John | last=McCrary}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book | title = The book of the first American chess congress; containing the proceedings of that celebrated assemblage held in New York in the year 1857 together with sketches of the history of chess in the old and new worlds | author = Willard Fiske | author-link = Willard Fiske | location = New York | publisher = Rudd & Carlton | year = 1859 | oclc = 3734014 | url = http://rmc.library.cornell.edu/collector/chess/chess_2.html }}

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Latest revision as of 20:07, 4 June 2023

The American Chess Association (ACA) was a chess organization founded in New York City in 1857. The organization organized the first major chess tournament, the First American Chess Congress, in the United States on October 6, 1857. On November 11, 1857, Paul Morphy, who had defeated Louis Paulsen in the tournament, was presented with a silver service at the prize giving by Colonel Charles D. Mead, President of the ACA. On behalf of Paul Morphy, the American Chess Association offered a $5,000 challenge to any player in Europe to contest a match with the recently crowned ACA champion.

The ACA published a monthly magazine, American Chess Monthly, founded in January 1857 by Willard Fiske, who had helped organize the First American Chess Congress. Fiske edited American Chess Monthly from 1857 until 1860, four months before it ceased publication. Morphy was credited as co-editor, though he had little actual involvement. Another magazine called Chess Monthly published in 1879-96 had no connection with this one.

The organization ceased to function within a few years, and should not be confused with others of the same name founded in 1871 and 1874 (which organized the Third American Chess Congress), or the later American Chess Federation (a successor to the Western Chess Association), which merged with the National Chess Federation in 1939 to form the current United States Chess Federation.

References

  1. Jordan Sprechman; Bill Shannon (1998). This Day in New York Sports. Sports Publishing LLC. pp. 280, 406. ISBN 1-57167-254-0.
  2. Bill Wall. "Strange But True". Bill Wall's Wonderful World of Chess. Retrieved 2007-07-08.
  3. Who Was Who in America. Marquis Who's Who. 1967. p. 23.
  4. "October 6, 1857 in History". Brainy History. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  5. C.A. Buck (1902). Paul Morphy : his later life. Newport, Ky.: Will. H. Lyons. OCLC 2393093. Archived from the original on 1 July 2007. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  6. Frederick Milnes Edge (1859). The Exploits and Triumphs, in Europe, of Paul Morphy. D. Appleton & Company. p. 16.
  7. "1857 Chess Congress". Cornell Library. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
  8. Hooper, David; Whyld, Kenneth (1984). The Oxford Companion to Chess. Oxford University Press. p. 117. ISBN 0-19-217540-8.
  9. McCrary, John (January 2009). "Before the USCF: Early American Chess Associations". Chess Life.

Further reading


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