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{{short description|German politician}} {{Short description|German politician (1923–2021)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}} {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}}
{{Infobox person {{Infobox person
| name = Wilhelm Knabe | name = Wilhelm Knabe
| image = Wilhelm Knabe (15782113727).jpg | image = Wilhelm Knabe (15782113727) (cropped).jpg
| image_upright = 1.3 | image_upright =
| caption = Wilhelm Knabe in 2014 | caption = Wilhelm Knabe in 2014
| birth_date = {{birth date|1923|10|08|df=y}} | birth_date = {{birth date|1923|10|08|df=y}}
| birth_place = ], ] | birth_place = ], ], ]
| death_date = {{death date and age|2021|01|30|1923|10|08|df=y}} | death_date = {{death date and age|2021|01|30|1923|10|08|df=y}}
| death_place = ], Germany | death_place = ], ], Germany
| occupation = {{plainlist| | occupation = {{plainlist}}
* Agrarian scientist * Agrarian scientist
* Ecologist * Ecologist
* Politician * Politician
{{endplainlist}}
}}
| organizations = {{plainlist| | organizations = {{plainlist|
* ] * ]
⚫ * ]
⚫ * ]
⚫ * ]
* ] * ]
}} }}
| awards = {{plainlist| | party = {{Plainlist}}
⚫ * ] (1946–1959)
⚫ * ] (1959–1966)
⚫ * ] (1978–2021)
{{endplainlist}}
| awards = {{Plainlist}}
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
{{endplainlist}}
}} }}

}}
'''Wilhelm Knabe''' (8 October 1923 – 30 January 2021) was a German ecologist, pacifist, civil servant and politician, remembered as a founding member of the ] in Germany, and a pioneer of conservation of the environment who shaped the party for decades.<ref name="t-online" /> '''Wilhelm Knabe''' (8 October 1923 – 30 January 2021) was a German ecologist, pacifist, civil servant and politician, remembered as a founding member of the ] in Germany, and a pioneer of conservation of the environment who shaped the party for decades.<ref name="t-online" />


Knabe studied ] in the ] (GDR), cofounding a group for preservation of the environment already as a student. As an assistant at the ], he focused on the recultivation after ] mining. Knabe left the communist regime in 1959, settling in ] with his family, where he worked for the Landesanstalt für Ökologie, a state agency for ecology. He had been a member of the ] (CDU) from 1946, because it represented his ], but left the party in 1966, unwilling to support its belief in economic growth and nuclear energy. In 1978, he was a co-founder of the ] in Germany, standing for conservation of the environment and world peace. He was party speaker on a federal level, a member of the ] from 1987 to 1990, and vice mayor of from 1994 to 1999. Knabe studied ] in the ] (GDR). As an assistant at the ], he focused on the recultivation after ] mining. Knabe left East Germany in 1959, settling in ], ] with his family, where he worked for a state agency for ecology. He had been a member of the ] (CDU) from 1946, because it represented his ], but left the party in 1966, unwilling to support its belief in economic growth and nuclear energy. In 1978, he was a co-founder of the ] in Germany, standing for conservation of the environment and world peace. He was party speaker on a federal level, a member of the ] from 1987 to 1990, and vice mayor of Mülheim from 1994 to 1999.


== Life and career == == Life and career ==
Knabe was born in October 1923 in ] near ], ], the seventh of nine children of a Protestant theologian.<ref name="Küpper" /> His father directed a facility for children with learning difficulties. He died when he tried to protect them of the Nazi euthanasia programs, when Wilhelm was age 16.<ref name="Küpper" /> He joined the Lufwaffe after his ], and served for three years. After World War II, he became a member of the ] (CDU) from 1946.<ref name="Küpper" /> He studied ] (''Forstwirtschaft'') and completed his studies with a doctorate in ].<ref name="Jugendopposition" /> During his studies, he founded a group for preservation of the environment in 1949, together with other students, but the ] regime of the ] (GDR) soon suppressed it.<ref name="Küpper" /><ref name="Zander" /> He was an assistant at the ] in Berlin, focused on plans for the recultivation after ] mining, but they were not put into practice.<ref name="Küpper" /> Knabe was born in October 1923 in ], near ], the seventh of nine children of a Protestant theologian.<ref name="Küpper" /><ref name="Becker-Schaum" /> His father directed a facility for children with learning difficulties. He died trying to protect these children from the Nazi euthanasia programs in 1940, when Wilhelm was age 16.<ref name="Küpper" /><ref name="Wienhaus" /> The younger Knabe joined the ] after his ] at the ] in ],<ref name="Wienhaus" /> and served for three years. After World War II, he became a member of the ] (CDU) from 1946.<ref name="Küpper" /> He studied ] (''Forstwirtschaft'') at the Forstliche Hochschule in ] near Dresden,<ref name="Becker-Schaum" /> and completed his studies with a ] in ] at the ] in Berlin.<ref name="Becker-Schaum" /> During his studies, he founded a group for preservation of the environment in 1949, together with other students, but the ] government of the ] (GDR) soon suppressed it.<ref name="Küpper" /><ref name="Zander" /> As assistant at the Humboldt University, he focused on plans for the recultivation after ] mining, the topic of his dissertation,<ref name="Wienhaus" /> but they were not put into practice.<ref name="Küpper" />


Knabe left the totalitarian communist regime in 1959, with his pregnant wife and three children.<ref name="Küpper" /> The family settled in ],<ref name="Zander" /> where he joined the ], as it represented his ]. He left the party in 1966 because he could no longer support its belief in unrestrained economic growth, building of highways and support of nuclear energy.<ref name="Emons" /> Knabe worked from the mid 1960s in a leading position for the {{ill|Landesanstalt für Ökologie, Bodenordnung und Forsten NRW|de|lt=Landesanstalt für Ökologie}}, a state agency for ecology, in ],<ref name="Zander" /> moving to ] in 1967.<ref name="Jugendopposition" /> He headed a project developing strategies to fight ''Waldsterben'' (death of the forests).<ref name="NRW" /> In the 1970s, he supported oppositional groups in the GDR, such as ecological groups, initiatives for international development, and especially the Umwelt-Bibliothek (Ecological library) in Berlin and the Ökologischer Arbeitskreis (Ecological work group) in Dresden.<ref name="Jugendopposition" /> Knabe left ] in 1959, with his pregnant wife and three children.<ref name="Küpper" /> The family settled in ], ],<ref name="Zander" /> where he joined the ], as it represented his ]. He left the party in 1966 because he could no longer support its belief in unrestrained economic growth, building of highways, and support of nuclear energy.<ref name="Emons" /> Knabe worked from the mid-1960s in a leading position for the {{ill|Landesanstalt für Ökologie, Bodenordnung und Forsten NRW|de|lt=Landesanstalt für Ökologie}}, a state agency for ecology, in ],<ref name="Zander" /> moving to ] in 1967.<ref name="Jugendopposition" /> He headed a project developing strategies to fight ''Waldsterben'' (death of the forests).<ref name="Umweltministerium NRW" /> In the 1970s, he supported oppositional groups in the GDR, such as ecological groups, initiatives for international development, and especially the Umwelt-Bibliothek (ecological library) in Berlin and the Ökologischer Arbeitskreis (ecological work group) in Dresden.<ref name="Jugendopposition" />
], ], Wilhelm Knabe and {{ill|Rainer Trampert|de}}]] ], ], ], Wilhelm Knabe and {{ill|Rainer Trampert|de}} in 1983]]
Knabe was a co-founder of the ] in Germany in 1978.<ref name="t-online" /><ref name="Mülheim" /> He stood for conservation of the environment and world peace, against nuclear deterrence and arms race in East and West.<ref name="Emons" /> In 1979, he was a co-founder of the party in ], where he was the party's first speaker.<ref name="Mülheim" /> He served as one of three speakers of the Greens at the federal level (''Sprecher des Bundesverbandes'') from November 1982 until December 1984.<ref name="Mülheim" /> In the 1980, he developed a system for the analysis of forest health by monitoring data from first 26 areas over a long time. The concept became a standard in Germany.<ref name="NRW" /> Knabe was a Member of the ] from 1987 until 1990. Beginning in 1991, he collaborated with a students' ecological initiative (Umweltinitiative) at the ].<ref name="Jugendopposition" /> He was vice mayor of the city of ] from 1994 to 1999,<ref name="Mülheim" /> where he formed the first black-green coalition in Germany.<ref name="Küpper" /> He focused there on projects of culture and education.<ref name="NRW" /> Knabe was a co-founder of the ] in Germany in 1978.<ref name="t-online" /><ref name="Mülheim" /> He stood for conservation of the environment and world peace, and against nuclear deterrence and the arms race in the East and West.<ref name="Emons" /> In 1979, he was a co-founder of the party in ], where he was the party's first speaker.<ref name="Mülheim" /> He served as one of three speakers of the Greens at the federal level (''Sprecher des Bundesverbandes'') from November 1982 until December 1984.<ref name="Mülheim" /> In the 1980s, he developed a system for the analysis of forest health by monitoring data from 26 areas over a long period. The concept became a standard in Germany.<ref name="Umweltministerium NRW" /> Knabe was a Member of the ] from 1987 until 1990. Beginning in 1991, he collaborated with a students' ecological initiative (Umweltinitiative) at the ].<ref name="Jugendopposition" /> He was vice mayor of the city of ] from 1994 to 1999,<ref name="Mülheim" /> where he formed the first black-green coalition in Germany.<ref name="Küpper" /> He focused there on projects of culture and education.<ref name="Umweltministerium NRW" />


Knabe was married, and the couple had four children.<ref name="Mülheim" /> Their son ] became a historian.<ref name="Emons" /> In 2019, Wilhelm Knabe published aa ] titled ''Erinnerungen – Ein deutsch-deutsches Leben'' (Memories − a German-German life).<ref name="Emons" /><ref name="Erinnerungen" /> He joined ] demonstrations showing a poster "Opa for future – ihr seid nicht allein" (Grandpa for future – you are not alone).<ref name="Emons" /> He read literature to children at the {{ill|Saarn Abbey|de|Zisterzienserinnenkloster Saarn|lt=Kloster Saarn}} educational facility.<ref name="Emons" /> Knabe was married, and the couple had four children.<ref name="Mülheim" /> Their son ] became a historian.<ref name="Emons" /> In 2019, Wilhelm Knabe published an ] titled ''Erinnerungen – Ein deutsch-deutsches Leben'' (Memories − a German-German life).<ref name="Emons" /><ref name="Erinnerungen" /> He read literature to children at the {{ill|Saarn Abbey|de|Zisterzienserinnenkloster Saarn|lt=Kloster Saarn}} educational facility.<ref name="Emons" /> He joined ] demonstrations showing a poster "Opa for future – ihr seid nicht allein" (Grandpa for future – you are not alone).<ref name="Emons" />


Knabe died in Mülheim<ref name="Jugendopposition" /> at age 97<ref name="t-online" /> of a COVID-19 infection.<ref name="Emons" /> Knabe died in ],<ref name="Jugendopposition" /> at age 97,<ref name="t-online" /> from a ] infection during the ].<ref name="Emons" />


== Publications == == Publications ==
Line 54: Line 57:


== Awards == == Awards ==
⚫ * 2007 – ]<ref>{{cite web|title=Verdienstorden des Landes|publisher=Die Landesregierung Nordrhein-Westfalen|url=https://www.land.nrw/de/verdienstorden-des-landes-nordrhein-westfalen|url-status=|access-date=|archive-url=|archive-date=|last=|first=|date=27 November 2014}}</ref>

* 2008 – ]<ref name="Becker-Schaum" /><ref name="Wienhaus" /><ref name="Emons 2008" />
⚫ * 2007 – ]<ref>{{cite web|title=Verdienstorden des Landes|periodical=|publisher=Die Landesregierung Nordrhein-Westfalen|url=https://www.land.nrw/de/verdienstorden-des-landes-nordrhein-westfalen|url-status=|format=|access-date=|archive-url=|archive-date=|last=|date=|year=|language=|pages=|quote=}}</ref>
* 2008 – ]<ref name="Emons 2008" /> * 2014 – Officer's cross of the ]<ref name="Wienhaus" /><ref name="Umweltministerium NRW" />
⚫ * 2014 – Officer's cross of the ]<ref name="Umweltministerium NRW" />


Knabe was honorary president of the Kreisverband Bündnis 90/Die Grünen in Mülheim an der Ruhr.<ref name="Mülheim" /> Knabe was honorary president of the Kreisverband Bündnis 90/Die Grünen in Mülheim an der Ruhr.<ref name="Mülheim" />


== References == == References ==
{{reflist {{Reflist
| refs = | refs =
<ref name="Becker-Schaum">{{cite web
| last = Becker-Schaum
| first = Christoph
| url = https://www.boell.de/de/2016/02/24/eine-haelfte-des-lebens-fuer-andere-einsetzen
| title = Forstmann, Umweltaktivist, Mitbegründer der Grünen und der Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung: Wir erinnern an Wilhelm Knabe
| publisher = ]
| date = 24 February 2016
| language = de
| access-date = 1 February 2021
}}</ref>


<ref name="Emons">{{cite web <ref name="Emons">{{cite web
Line 107: Line 119:
| language = de | language = de
| access-date = 25 June 2020 | access-date = 25 June 2020
}}</ref>

<ref name="Wienhaus">{{cite web
| last = Wienhaus
| first = Otto
| url = https://tu-dresden.de/ua/dokumentationen/archivfremde-veroeffentlichungen/ein-deutsch-deutsches-leben
| title = Ein deutsch-deutsches Leben
| publisher = ]
| date = 27 May 2020
| language = de
| access-date = 1 February 2021
}}</ref> }}</ref>


Line 115: Line 138:
| title = Erlebte Geschichten mit Wilhelm Knabe | title = Erlebte Geschichten mit Wilhelm Knabe
| work = WDR | work = WDR
| date = | date = 5 October 2003
| language = de | language = de
| access-date = 1 February 2021 | access-date = 1 February 2021
Line 167: Line 190:
| access-date=1 February 2021 | access-date=1 February 2021
}}</ref> }}</ref>

}} }}


== External links == == External links ==
{{Commons category}}
{{commonscat}}
* {{DNB portal|105278815}} * {{DNB portal|105278815}}


{{Alliance 90/The Greens}}
{{Members of the 11th Bundestag}} {{Members of the 11th Bundestag}}
{{Authority control}} {{Authority control}}
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] ]
] ]
] ]
]
] ]
] ]
] ]
] ]
]
]
]
]
⚫ ]

Latest revision as of 20:24, 24 October 2023

German politician (1923–2021)

Wilhelm Knabe
Wilhelm Knabe in 2014
Born(1923-10-08)8 October 1923
Arnsdorf, Saxony, Germany
Died30 January 2021(2021-01-30) (aged 97)
Mülheim an der Ruhr, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
Occupations
  • Agrarian scientist
  • Ecologist
  • Politician
Organizations
Political party
Awards

Wilhelm Knabe (8 October 1923 – 30 January 2021) was a German ecologist, pacifist, civil servant and politician, remembered as a founding member of the Green Party in Germany, and a pioneer of conservation of the environment who shaped the party for decades.

Knabe studied forest management in the German Democratic Republic (GDR). As an assistant at the Humboldt University, he focused on the recultivation after brown coal mining. Knabe left East Germany in 1959, settling in Mülheim, West Germany with his family, where he worked for a state agency for ecology. He had been a member of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU) from 1946, because it represented his Christian ethics, but left the party in 1966, unwilling to support its belief in economic growth and nuclear energy. In 1978, he was a co-founder of the Green Party in Germany, standing for conservation of the environment and world peace. He was party speaker on a federal level, a member of the Bundestag from 1987 to 1990, and vice mayor of Mülheim from 1994 to 1999.

Life and career

Knabe was born in October 1923 in Arnsdorf, near Dresden, the seventh of nine children of a Protestant theologian. His father directed a facility for children with learning difficulties. He died trying to protect these children from the Nazi euthanasia programs in 1940, when Wilhelm was age 16. The younger Knabe joined the Luftwaffe after his Abitur at the Fürstenschule St. Afra in Meißen, and served for three years. After World War II, he became a member of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) from 1946. He studied forest management (Forstwirtschaft) at the Forstliche Hochschule in Tharandt near Dresden, and completed his studies with a doctorate in agrarian science at the Humboldt University in Berlin. During his studies, he founded a group for preservation of the environment in 1949, together with other students, but the SED government of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) soon suppressed it. As assistant at the Humboldt University, he focused on plans for the recultivation after brown coal mining, the topic of his dissertation, but they were not put into practice.

Knabe left East Germany in 1959, with his pregnant wife and three children. The family settled in North Rhine-Westphalia, West Germany, where he joined the Christian Democratic Union, as it represented his Christian ethics. He left the party in 1966 because he could no longer support its belief in unrestrained economic growth, building of highways, and support of nuclear energy. Knabe worked from the mid-1960s in a leading position for the Landesanstalt für Ökologie [de], a state agency for ecology, in Recklinghausen, moving to Mülheim in 1967. He headed a project developing strategies to fight Waldsterben (death of the forests). In the 1970s, he supported oppositional groups in the GDR, such as ecological groups, initiatives for international development, and especially the Umwelt-Bibliothek (ecological library) in Berlin and the Ökologischer Arbeitskreis (ecological work group) in Dresden.

from left: Jürgen Reents, Joschka Fischer, Otto Schily, Wilhelm Knabe and Rainer Trampert [de] in 1983

Knabe was a co-founder of the Green Party in Germany in 1978. He stood for conservation of the environment and world peace, and against nuclear deterrence and the arms race in the East and West. In 1979, he was a co-founder of the party in North Rhine-Westphalia, where he was the party's first speaker. He served as one of three speakers of the Greens at the federal level (Sprecher des Bundesverbandes) from November 1982 until December 1984. In the 1980s, he developed a system for the analysis of forest health by monitoring data from 26 areas over a long period. The concept became a standard in Germany. Knabe was a Member of the Bundestag from 1987 until 1990. Beginning in 1991, he collaborated with a students' ecological initiative (Umweltinitiative) at the Technische Universität Dresden. He was vice mayor of the city of Mülheim from 1994 to 1999, where he formed the first black-green coalition in Germany. He focused there on projects of culture and education.

Knabe was married, and the couple had four children. Their son Hubertus Knabe became a historian. In 2019, Wilhelm Knabe published an autobiography titled Erinnerungen – Ein deutsch-deutsches Leben (Memories − a German-German life). He read literature to children at the Kloster Saarn [de] educational facility. He joined Friday For Future demonstrations showing a poster "Opa for future – ihr seid nicht allein" (Grandpa for future – you are not alone).

Knabe died in Mülheim an der Ruhr, at age 97, from a COVID-19 infection during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany.

Publications

Knabe's publications are held by the German National Library:

  • Untersuchungen über die Voraussetzungen der Rekultivierung von Kippen im Braunkohlenbergbau (dissertation). Berlin 1957.
  • Zur Wiederurbarmachung im Braunkohlenbergbau. Allgemeine Darstellung des Problems der Wiederurbarmachung und spezielle Untersuchungen im Lausitzer Braunkohlenbergbau. Berlin 1959.
  • with others: Haldenbegrünung im Ruhrgebiet. No. 22 of the series Schriftenreihe Siedlungsverband Ruhrkohlenbezirk. Essen 1968.
  • Immissionsökologische Waldzustandserfassung in Nordrhein-Westfalen (IWE 1979). Fichten und Flechten als Zeiger der Waldgefährdung durch Luftverunreinigungen., No. 37 of the series Forschung und Beratung. Reihe C, Wissenschaftliche Berichte und Diskussionsbeiträge. Münster 1983.
  • with Gerd Cousen and others: Regionale Verteilung einiger Nähr- und Schadstoffgehalte in Fichtennadeln. Schätzungen anhand von Analysen dreijähriger Nadeln aus der bundesweiten "Immissionsökologischen Waldzustandserfassung 1983". No. 360 of the series Schriftenreihe des Bundesministers für Ernährung, Landwirtschaft und Forsten. Reihe A, Angewandte Wissenschaft. Münster-Hiltrup 1988, ISBN 3-7843-0360-9.
  • Erinnerungen – Ein deutsch-deutsches Leben. Dr. Krosse-Verlag, Mülheim an der Ruhr 2019, ISBN 978-3-9813807-3-6.

Awards

Knabe was honorary president of the Kreisverband Bündnis 90/Die Grünen in Mülheim an der Ruhr.

References

  1. ^ "Mitbegründer der Partei / Grünen-Politiker Wilhelm Knabe ist tot". t-online (in German). 30 January 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  2. ^ Küpper, Moritz (25 June 2020). "Grünen-Mitbegründer Wilhelm Knabe: "Das ist eine Notwehr des Planeten gegen Überlastung"". Deutschlandfunk (in German). Retrieved 25 June 2020.
  3. ^ Becker-Schaum, Christoph (24 February 2016). "Forstmann, Umweltaktivist, Mitbegründer der Grünen und der Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung: Wir erinnern an Wilhelm Knabe" (in German). Heinrich Böll Foundation. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  4. ^ Wienhaus, Otto (27 May 2020). "Ein deutsch-deutsches Leben" (in German). Technische Universität Dresden. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  5. ^ Zander, Ingo (5 October 2003). "Erlebte Geschichten mit Wilhelm Knabe". WDR (in German). Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  6. ^ Emons, Thomas (30 January 2021). "Nachruf auf Dr. Wilhelm Knabe: Ein deutsch-deutsches Leben ist in Mülheim zu Ende gegangen". lokalkompass.de (in German). Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  7. ^ Knabe, Wilhelm (2021). "Wilhelm Knabe / Politiker, Die Grünen". jugendopposition.de (in German). Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  8. ^ "Umweltministerium NRW: Pressemitteilung". Umweltministerium NRW (in German). Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  9. ^ "Dr. Wilhelm Knabe". gruene-mh.de (in German). Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  10. ^ Knabe, Wilhelm (2019). "Erinnerungen – Ein deutsch-deutsches Leben". lesejury.de (in German). Retrieved 30 January 2021.
  11. Knabe, Wilhelm. "Publications by Wilhelm Knabe" (in German). German National Library. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  12. "Verdienstorden des Landes". Die Landesregierung Nordrhein-Westfalen. 27 November 2014.
  13. Emons, Thomas (27 August 2008). "Ein Mann der Solidarität". Neue Ruhr-Zeitung (in German). Retrieved 1 February 2021.

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