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{{short description|Dutch painter (1640–1719)}}
{{Infobox writer
⚫ | image = HUA-32231-Portret van Jan Weenix geboren Amsterdam 1640 kunstschilder te Utrecht 1664 1668 overleden Amsterdam 19 september 1719 Borstbeeld links (cropped).jpg
| caption = Jan Weenix, lithograph by ] (1783-1860)
| birth_date = 1640/1641
| death_date = September 1719
| occupation = Painter
| period = Late Baroque
| subject = Hunting Still Life
| birth_place = ], ]
| death_place = ], ]
| nationality = ]
| relatives = ] (Father)
}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}} {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}
⚫ ] by Antoine Maurin (1783-1860), printed by Chabert.<ref>=Maurin%2C+A. RKD</ref>]]

⚫ '''Jan Weenix''' or '''Joannis Wenix''' (between 1641/1649{{snd}}19 September 1719 (buried)) was a ] painter. He was trained by his father, ],<ref>], ed., Biographical Encyclopedia of Artists, v.4 (Facts on File, 2005): 721.</ref> together with his cousin ]. Like his father, he devoted himself to a variety of subjects, but his fame is chiefly due to his paintings of dead game and of hunting scenes. Many pictures in this genre formerly ascribed to the elder Weenix are now generally considered to be the works of the son.


⚫ '''Jan Weenix''' or '''Joannis Wenix''' (between 1641/1649{{snd}}19 September 1719 (buried)) was a Dutch painter. He was trained by his father, ],<ref>], ed., Biographical Encyclopedia of Artists, v.4 (Facts on File, 2005): 721.</ref> together with his cousin ]. Like his father, he painted various subjects, but is mostly known for his paintings of dead game and hunting scenes. Many paintings in this genre were formerly ascribed to the elder Weenix, but are now generally considered to be the work of the son.


==Life== ==Life==
]", Weenix lived at the waterfront behind the house in the middle.]] ]", Weenix lived at the waterfront behind the house in the middle.]]]


Jan Weenix was born in Amsterdam according to his notice of marriage in 1679 but his date of birth is not exactly known as the baptismal record of this catholic church did not survive. Between 1643 and 1647 his father worked in Italy. Around 1649 the family moved to Utrecht. At some time Jan Baptist Weenix moved into a castle near ], but died rather young in 1659.<ref>Rembrandt's bankruptcy: the artist, his patrons, and the art market in ... By Paul Crenshaw </ref> By the age of twenty Jan Weenix rivalled and then subsequently surpassed his father in breadth of treatment and richness of colour.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=467}} Jan Weenix was a member of the ] ] in 1664 and 1668.<ref>Anke A. Van Wagenberg-Ter Hoeven (2018) Jan Baptist Weenix & Jan Weenix: The Paintings, p. 20</ref> In 1679 when Jan Weenix married the 20-year-old Pieternella Backers he told the ] he was "around thirty"!<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111204202940/http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/(s2jn3z45feqgszvxkgvfgjix)/detail.aspx |date=4 December 2011 }}</ref> Between 1680 and 1700 they had 13 children baptized in a ];<ref>Anke A. Van Wagenberg-Ter Hoeven (2018) Jan Baptist Weenix & Jan Weenix: The Paintings, p. 21</ref> at least four sons: Jan Baptista (1680-), Willem Ignatius (1690-1764), Jacobus (1693-), Nicolaes Andreas (1699-1757) and two daughters Sara and Maria. Jan Weenix was born in Amsterdam according to his notice of marriage in 1679 but his date of birth is not exactly known as the baptismal record of this catholic church did not survive. Between 1643 and 1647 his father (Jan Baptist) worked in Italy, but the family moved to Utrecht around 1649. His father subsequently moved into a castle near ], but died rather young in 1659.<ref>Rembrandt's bankruptcy: the artist, his patrons, and the art market in ... By Paul Crenshaw </ref>
By the age of twenty Jan Weenix rivalled and later surpassed his father in breadth of treatment and richness of colour.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=467}} Jan Weenix was a member of the ] ] in 1664 and 1668.<ref>Anke A. Van Wagenberg-Ter Hoeven (2018) Jan Baptist Weenix & Jan Weenix: The Paintings, p. 20</ref>
'''Marriage and children'''
In 1679, Jan Weenix married the 20-year-old Pieternella Backers (he told the ] he was "around thirty").<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111204202940/http://www.rkd.nl/rkddb/(s2jn3z45feqgszvxkgvfgjix)/detail.aspx |date=4 December 2011 }}</ref> Between 1680 and 1700, the couple had 13 children who were baptized in a ].<ref>Anke A. Van Wagenberg-Ter Hoeven (2018) Jan Baptist Weenix & Jan Weenix: The Paintings, p. 21</ref> At least four were sons –Jan Baptista (1680-), Willem Ignatius (1690-1764), Jacobus (1693-), Nicolaes Andreas (1699-1757) – and two were daughters: Sara and ] (1697–1774).


]]] ]]]
]]] ]]]


In 1697 he painted a portrait of ], visiting the Republic to study shipbuilding, science and the art of fortification building.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.arthermitage.org/Jan-Weenix/Portrait-of-Peter-I.html|title=Portrait of Peter I - Jan Weenix}}</ref> In Amsterdam Weenix was frequently employed to decorate private houses with wall-paintings on canvas.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=467}} The five fixed paintings or ] on canvas for Jacob de Granada became very popular in the second half of the 18th century, when nature and ] were fashionable and copied. The paintings survived in the house until 1922. Then the enormous "paintings" were sold before an auction to ] in a private arrangement. After Hearst went bankrupt, the paintings were dispersed; one is in the ] in Edinburgh, two are in Hotel Carlyle in New York, one has been in the ] since 1953 and one is lost.<ref>Anke A. Van Wagenberg-Ter Hoeven (2018) Jan Baptist Weenix & Jan Weenix: The Paintings, p. 42-43</ref> In 1697 he painted a portrait of ], visiting the Republic to study shipbuilding, science, and the art of fortification building.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.arthermitage.org/Jan-Weenix/Portrait-of-Peter-I.html|title=Portrait of Peter I - Jan Weenix|date=7 June 2021 }}</ref> In Amsterdam, Weenix was frequently employed to decorate private houses with wall-paintings on canvas.{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=467}}


He painted five fixed paintings or ] on canvas for Jacob de Granada; these became very popular in the second half of the 18th century when nature and ] were fashionable and copied. The paintings survived in the house until 1922. Then the enormous "paintings" were sold before an auction to ] in a private arrangement. After Hearst went bankrupt, the paintings were dispersed; one is in the ] in Edinburgh, two are in the Hotel Carlyle in New York, one has been in the ] since 1953 and one is lost.<ref>Anke A. Van Wagenberg-Ter Hoeven (2018) Jan Baptist Weenix & Jan Weenix: The Paintings, p. 42-43</ref>
⚫ Between 1702 and 1712 Weenix was occupied with an important series of twelve large hunting pictures for the ] castle of Bensberg, near ].{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=467}} (According to Goethe Weenix surpassed nature.) Also ], ], ] had a very good relation with the court, being paid well or knighted as ] and most probably meeting an international crowd of artists and musicians. The treasury was empty when Jan Wellem, as he was called in Düsseldorf, died. Most of this collection is now at the ], but the paintings of Van der Werff moved to the cellar.{{citation needed|date=November 2011}} Weenix' pupils were his daughter ] and ].<ref> in the ]</ref>

⚫ Jan Weenix lived most of his life in a house across the ] and was buried in ] a nearby catholic church on the ].<ref></ref> His widow and daughters stayed in the ] business selling stones and tiles.<ref></ref>
⚫ Between 1702 and 1712 Weenix was occupied with an important series of twelve large hunting pictures for the ] castle of Bensberg, near ].{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=467}} Also ], ], ] had a very good relationship with the court, being paid well or knighted as ] and probably meeting an international crowd of artists and musicians. The treasury was empty when Jan Wellem, as he was called in Düsseldorf, died. Most of this collection is now at the ].{{citation needed|date=November 2011}}

Weenix' pupils were his daughter ] and ].<ref> in the ]</ref>
⚫ Jan Weenix lived most of his life in a house across the ] and was buried in ] a nearby catholic church on the ].<ref></ref> His widow and daughters stayed in the ] business, selling stones and tiles.<ref></ref>


==Work== ==Work==


] was impressed by the treatment of animals in Weenix pictures which he saw in Munich. He devoted a poem to the master's technique in which he stated that Weenix equaled and even surpassed nature in his treatment of animal textures as hair, feathers and claws.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bijlvanurk.com/C/Gallery |title=Archived copy |access-date=2011-11-19 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090301010842/http://www.bijlvanurk.com/C/Gallery |archive-date=1 March 2009 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> ] was impressed by the treatment of animals in Weenix pictures which he saw in Munich. He devoted a poem to Weenix's technique, in which he stated that Weenix equaled and even surpassed nature in his treatment of animal textures such as hair, feathers and claws.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bijlvanurk.com/C/Gallery |title=Gallery &#124; Bijl van Urk |access-date=2011-11-19 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090301010842/http://www.bijlvanurk.com/C/Gallery |archive-date=1 March 2009 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

⚫ Many of his best works are to be found in English private collections. Though the ] has only a single example, a painting of dead game and a dog,{{sfn|Chisholm|1911|p=467}} the ], also in London, has thirteen paintings, including the intriguing (and arguably disturbing) "Flowers on a Fountain with a Peacock." Jan Weenix is well represented in the galleries of ], ], ], ], ], ] and ]. A medium-sized Weenix, "Still Life with Dead Game" hangs in the dining room of the ] estate in California. A certain "Still Life with Hunting Trophies" hangs in the ], Chapel Hill, NC, and a large "Peacock with Hunting Trophies" hangs in the ]. "Boy with Toys, Pet Monkey and a Turkey" is in the ].<ref>Anke A. Van Wagenberg-Ter Hoeven, "Jan Weenix. Boy with Toys, Pet Monkey and a Turkey by Jan Weenix," Kresge Art Museum Bulletin, Susan J. Bandes and April Kingsley (eds.). Michigan State University, East Lansing, vol. IX (2009)</ref> "Still Life with Dead Hare" in the ] in ]<ref>Helena Roslavets (Ed.): Museum of Western and Oriental Art Kyiv, Aurora Art Publishers, Leningrad 1985</ref>
Many of his best works are to be found in English private collections. The ] has two paintings, including "A Deerhound with Dead Game and Implements of the Chase", while the ] (also in London) has thirteen paintings, including "Flowers on a Fountain with a Peacock."

⚫ Outside the United Kingdom, Jan Weenix is well represented in the galleries of ], ], ], ], ], ] and ]. A medium-sized Weenix, "Still Life with Dead Game", hangs in the dining room of the ] estate in California. A certain "Still Life with Hunting Trophies" hangs in the ], Chapel Hill, NC, and a large "Peacock with Hunting Trophies" hangs in the ]. "Boy with Toys, Pet Monkey and a Turkey" is in the ].<ref>Anke A. Van Wagenberg-Ter Hoeven, "Jan Weenix. Boy with Toys, Pet Monkey and a Turkey by Jan Weenix," Kresge Art Museum Bulletin, Susan J. Bandes and April Kingsley (eds.). Michigan State University, East Lansing, vol. IX (2009)</ref> "Still Life with Dead Hare" in the ] in ].<ref>Helena Roslavets (Ed.): Museum of Western and Oriental Art Kyiv, Aurora Art Publishers, Leningrad 1985</ref>


==Gallery== ==Gallery==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="180px"> <gallery mode="packed" heights="180px">
File:After the Hunt by Jan Weenix.jpg|''After the Hunt'' (1665), oil on panel, 44.7 × 34.5 cm., ] File:After the Hunt by Jan Weenix.jpg|''After the Hunt'' (1665), oil on panel, 44.7 × 34.5&nbsp;cm., ]
File:Jan Weenix - The Prodigal Son - WGA25514.jpg|''The Prodigal Son'' (1668), oil on canvas, 111 x 99 cm., ] File:Jan Weenix - The Prodigal Son - WGA25514.jpg|''The Prodigal Son'' (1668), oil on canvas, 111 x 99&nbsp;cm., ]
File:Jan Weenix - Still Life with a Peacock and a Dog - WGA25517.jpg|''Still-Life with a Peacock and a Dog'' (1669), oil on canvas, 143.5 x 187 cm., ] File:Jan Weenix - Still Life with a Peacock and a Dog - WGA25517.jpg|''Still-Life with a Peacock and a Dog'' (1669), oil on canvas, 143.5 x 187&nbsp;cm., ]
File:Jan Weenix - Still Life of a Dead Hare, Partridges, and Other Birds in a Niche - 2001.82 - Museum of Fine Arts.jpg|''Dead Hare, Partridges, and Other Birds in a Niche'' (ca. 1675), oil on canvas, 105.5 x 88.5 Cm., ] File:Jan Weenix - Still Life of a Dead Hare, Partridges, and Other Birds in a Niche - 2001.82 - Museum of Fine Arts.jpg|''Dead Hare, Partridges, and Other Birds in a Niche'' (ca. 1675), oil on canvas, 105.5 x 88.5 Cm., ]
File:Een hond bewaakt een parelhoen Centraal Museum 29837.jpg|''A Dog Guards a Guinea Fowl'' (ca. 1680), oil on canvas, ] File:Een hond bewaakt een parelhoen Centraal Museum 29837.jpg|''A Dog Guards a Guinea Fowl'' (ca. 1680), oil on canvas, ]
File:Jan Weenix 003.jpg|''The White Peacock'' (1692), oil on canvas, 191 x 166 cm., ] File:Jan Weenix 003.jpg|''The White Peacock'' (1692), oil on canvas, 191 x 166&nbsp;cm., ]
File:Landscape with Huntsman and Dead Game 1697 Jan Weenix.jpg|''Landscape with Huntsman and Dead Game'' (1697), oil on canvas, 344 x 323 cm., ] File:Landscape with Huntsman and Dead Game 1697 Jan Weenix.jpg|''Landscape with Huntsman and Dead Game'' (1697), oil on canvas, 344 x 323&nbsp;cm., ]
File:Jan Weenix - Südamerikanischer Königsgeier - GG 9045 - Kunsthistorisches Museum.jpg|''South American King Vulture'' (ca. 1700), 117 x 98 cm., ] File:Jan Weenix - Südamerikanischer Königsgeier - GG 9045 - Kunsthistorisches Museum.jpg|''South American King Vulture'' (ca. 1700), 117 x 98&nbsp;cm., ]
File:Jan Weenix - Still life - M.Ob.2501 MNW - National Museum in Warsaw.jpg|''Still Life'' (1705), oil on canvas, 123 x 99 cm., ] File:Jan Weenix - Still life - M.Ob.2501 MNW - National Museum in Warsaw.jpg|''Still Life'' (1705), oil on canvas, 123 x 99&nbsp;cm., ]
File:Jan Weenix - Dead Birds and Hunting Equipment in a Landscape - 41.744 - Museum of Fine Arts.jpg|''Dead Birds and Hunting Equipment in a Landscape'' (no date), oil on canvas, 97.8 x 83.8 cm., ] File:Jan Weenix - Dead Birds and Hunting Equipment in a Landscape - 41.744 - Museum of Fine Arts.jpg|''Dead Birds and Hunting Equipment in a Landscape'' (no date), oil on canvas, 97.8 x 83.8&nbsp;cm., ]
File:Jan Weenix (1642-1719) - Dead Peacock and Game - P140 - The Wallace Collection.jpg|''Dead Peacock and Game'' (1707), oil on canvas, ] File:Jan Weenix (1642-1719) - Dead Peacock and Game - P140 - The Wallace Collection.jpg|''Dead Peacock and Game'' (1707), oil on canvas, ]
</gallery> </gallery>
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Latest revision as of 23:26, 6 March 2024

Dutch painter (1640–1719)
Jan Weenix
Jan Weenix, lithograph by Antoine Maurin (1783-1860)Jan Weenix, lithograph by Antoine Maurin (1783-1860)
Born1640/1641
Amsterdam, Dutch Republic
DiedSeptember 1719
Amsterdam, Dutch Republic
OccupationPainter
NationalityDutch
PeriodLate Baroque
SubjectHunting Still Life
RelativesJan Baptist Weenix (Father)

Jan Weenix or Joannis Wenix (between 1641/1649 – 19 September 1719 (buried)) was a Dutch painter. He was trained by his father, Jan Baptist Weenix, together with his cousin Melchior d'Hondecoeter. Like his father, he painted various subjects, but is mostly known for his paintings of dead game and hunting scenes. Many paintings in this genre were formerly ascribed to the elder Weenix, but are now generally considered to be the work of the son.

Life

The "Binnen Amstel", Weenix lived at the waterfront behind the house in the middle.
Castle Ter Mey, Vleuten, 1738 drawing by Hendrik Spilman

Jan Weenix was born in Amsterdam according to his notice of marriage in 1679 but his date of birth is not exactly known as the baptismal record of this catholic church did not survive. Between 1643 and 1647 his father (Jan Baptist) worked in Italy, but the family moved to Utrecht around 1649. His father subsequently moved into a castle near Vleuten, but died rather young in 1659.

By the age of twenty Jan Weenix rivalled and later surpassed his father in breadth of treatment and richness of colour. Jan Weenix was a member of the Utrecht guild of painters in 1664 and 1668.

Marriage and children

In 1679, Jan Weenix married the 20-year-old Pieternella Backers (he told the schepen he was "around thirty"). Between 1680 and 1700, the couple had 13 children who were baptized in a hidden church. At least four were sons –Jan Baptista (1680-), Willem Ignatius (1690-1764), Jacobus (1693-), Nicolaes Andreas (1699-1757) – and two were daughters: Sara and Maria Weenix (1697–1774).

Hunting Still Life (ca. 1708) oil on canvas, 79.2 x 69.5 cm., Mauritshuis
Game and Hunting Weapons (ca. 1675-1700), oil on canvas, Musée Fabre

In 1697 he painted a portrait of Peter the Great, visiting the Republic to study shipbuilding, science, and the art of fortification building. In Amsterdam, Weenix was frequently employed to decorate private houses with wall-paintings on canvas.

He painted five fixed paintings or wallpaper on canvas for Jacob de Granada; these became very popular in the second half of the 18th century when nature and Rousseau were fashionable and copied. The paintings survived in the house until 1922. Then the enormous "paintings" were sold before an auction to William Randolph Hearst in a private arrangement. After Hearst went bankrupt, the paintings were dispersed; one is in the National Galleries of Scotland in Edinburgh, two are in the Hotel Carlyle in New York, one has been in the Allen Memorial Art Museum since 1953 and one is lost.

Between 1702 and 1712 Weenix was occupied with an important series of twelve large hunting pictures for the Elector Palatine Johann Wilhelm's castle of Bensberg, near Cologne. Also Eglon van der Neer, Rachel Ruysch, Adriaen van der Werff had a very good relationship with the court, being paid well or knighted as ridder and probably meeting an international crowd of artists and musicians. The treasury was empty when Jan Wellem, as he was called in Düsseldorf, died. Most of this collection is now at the Munich Gallery.

Weenix' pupils were his daughter Maria Weenix and Dirk Valkenburg. Jan Weenix lived most of his life in a house across the Mint Tower and was buried in Nieuwezijds Kapel a nearby catholic church on the Rokin. His widow and daughters stayed in the masonry business, selling stones and tiles.

Work

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was impressed by the treatment of animals in Weenix pictures which he saw in Munich. He devoted a poem to Weenix's technique, in which he stated that Weenix equaled and even surpassed nature in his treatment of animal textures such as hair, feathers and claws.

Many of his best works are to be found in English private collections. The National Gallery, London has two paintings, including "A Deerhound with Dead Game and Implements of the Chase", while the Wallace Collection (also in London) has thirteen paintings, including "Flowers on a Fountain with a Peacock."

Outside the United Kingdom, Jan Weenix is well represented in the galleries of Amsterdam, The Hague, Haarlem, Rotterdam, Berlin, Lisbon and Paris. A medium-sized Weenix, "Still Life with Dead Game", hangs in the dining room of the Filoli estate in California. A certain "Still Life with Hunting Trophies" hangs in the Ackland Art Museum, Chapel Hill, NC, and a large "Peacock with Hunting Trophies" hangs in the Museu Calouste Gulbenkian. "Boy with Toys, Pet Monkey and a Turkey" is in the Kresge Art Museum. "Still Life with Dead Hare" in the Museum of Western and Oriental Art in Kyiv.

Gallery

Notes

  1. Lawrence Gowing, ed., Biographical Encyclopedia of Artists, v.4 (Facts on File, 2005): 721.
  2. Rembrandt's bankruptcy: the artist, his patrons, and the art market in ... By Paul Crenshaw
  3. ^ Chisholm 1911, p. 467.
  4. Anke A. Van Wagenberg-Ter Hoeven (2018) Jan Baptist Weenix & Jan Weenix: The Paintings, p. 20
  5. RKD Archived 4 December 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  6. Anke A. Van Wagenberg-Ter Hoeven (2018) Jan Baptist Weenix & Jan Weenix: The Paintings, p. 21
  7. "Portrait of Peter I - Jan Weenix". 7 June 2021.
  8. Anke A. Van Wagenberg-Ter Hoeven (2018) Jan Baptist Weenix & Jan Weenix: The Paintings, p. 42-43
  9. Jan Weenix in the RKD
  10. Anke A. Van Wagenberg-Ter Hoeven (2018) Jan Baptist Weenix & Jan Weenix: The Paintings, p. 22
  11. Anke A. Van Wagenberg-Ter Hoeven (2018) Jan Baptist Weenix & Jan Weenix: The Paintings, p. 24
  12. "Gallery | Bijl van Urk". Archived from the original on 1 March 2009. Retrieved 19 November 2011.
  13. Anke A. Van Wagenberg-Ter Hoeven, "Jan Weenix. Boy with Toys, Pet Monkey and a Turkey by Jan Weenix," Kresge Art Museum Bulletin, Susan J. Bandes and April Kingsley (eds.). Michigan State University, East Lansing, vol. IX (2009)
  14. Helena Roslavets (Ed.): Museum of Western and Oriental Art Kyiv, Aurora Art Publishers, Leningrad 1985

Sources

Attribution:

External links

Media related to Jan Weenix at Wikimedia Commons

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