| Revision as of 15:08, 13 May 2020 editPalaeoPhytologist (talk | contribs)142 edits added more recent references for the fossil record and the phylogenetic placement of the generaTag: Visual edit← Previous edit | Latest revision as of 03:02, 20 March 2024 edit undoPlantdrew (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users, New page reviewers645,192 edits rcat | ||
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| {{Automatic taxobox | |||
| | image = Stangeria_eriopus.jpg | |||
| | image_caption = ''Stangeria eriopus'' in coastal lowland forest, <br>South Africa | |||
| | taxon = Stangeriaceae | |||
| | authority = Schimp. & Schenk | |||
| | subdivision_ranks = Genera | |||
| | subdivision = | |||
| {{unbulleted list | |||
| |'']'' | |||
| |'']'' | |||
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| {{R from alternative scientific name|plant}} | |||
| '''Stangeriaceae''' is the smallest family of ]s, both in number of living and ] species. The family contains only two living genera, '']'' and '']'', though the latter genus has been recommended for placement in a separate family by itself. Molecular<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Salas-Leiva|first=Dayana E.|last2=Meerow|first2=Alan W.|last3=Calonje|first3=Michael|last4=Griffith|first4=M. Patrick|last5=Francisco-Ortega|first5=Javier|last6=Nakamura|first6=Kyoko|last7=Stevenson|first7=Dennis W.|last8=Lewis|first8=Carl E.|last9=Namoff|first9=Sandra|date=2013-11-01|title=Phylogeny of the cycads based on multiple single-copy nuclear genes: congruence of concatenated parsimony, likelihood and species tree inference methods|url=https://academic.oup.com/aob/article/112/7/1263/2768918|journal=Annals of Botany|language=en|volume=112|issue=7|pages=1263–1278|doi=10.1093/aob/mct192|issn=0305-7364|pmc=PMC3806525|pmid=23997230}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rai|first=Hardeep S.|last2=O’Brien|first2=Heath E.|last3=Reeves|first3=Patrick A.|last4=Olmstead|first4=Richard G.|last5=Graham|first5=Sean W.|date=2003-11-01|title=Inference of higher-order relationships in the cycads from a large chloroplast data set|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790303001313|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|language=en|volume=29|issue=2|pages=350–359|doi=10.1016/S1055-7903(03)00131-3|issn=1055-7903}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Chaw|first=Shu-Miaw|last2=Walters|first2=Terrence W.|last3=Chang|first3=Chien-Chang|last4=Hu|first4=Shu-Hsuan|last5=Chen|first5=Shin-Hsiao|date=2005-10-01|title=A phylogeny of cycads (Cycadales) inferred from chloroplast matK gene, trnK intron, and nuclear rDNA ITS region|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790305000084|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|language=en|volume=37|issue=1|pages=214–234|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2005.01.006|issn=1055-7903}}</ref> and anatomical<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Coiro|first=Mario|last2=Jelmini|first2=Nicola|last3=Neuenschwander|first3=Hanna|last4=Calonje|first4=Michael A.|last5=Vovides|first5=Andrew P.|last6=Mickle|first6=James E.|last7=Lumaga|first7=Maria Rosaria Barone|date=2020-04-15|title=Evolutionary signal of leaflet anatomy in the Zamiaceae|url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/709372|journal=International Journal of Plant Sciences|doi=10.1086/709372|issn=1058-5893}}</ref> evidence suggests that the two genera of the Stangeriaceae belong in different positions within the ]. | |||
| {{R with history}} | |||
| The family is recognized as having vascularized ]s, and by lacking ]s, or producing them irregularly. These unusual characters led to the original description of '']'' as a ], and it was only when ]s were later produced on the plant that its true affinities were realized.<ref>, Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney website</ref> | |||
| Though today the family occurs only in ] and ], ], fossils are known from ] sediments in ] and the ].<ref></ref> ] studies suggest that the fossil taxon ''Mesodescolea'' may also have affinities with the Stangeriaceae<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hermsen|first=Elizabeth J.|last2=Taylor|first2=Thomas N.|last3=Taylor|first3=Edith L.|last4=Stevenson|first4=Dennis Wm|date=2006|title=Cataphylls of the Middle Triassic cycad Antarcticycas schopfii and new insights into cycad evolution|url=https://bsapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.3732/ajb.93.5.724|journal=American Journal of Botany|language=en|volume=93|issue=5|pages=724–738|doi=10.3732/ajb.93.5.724|issn=1537-2197}}</ref>. This highly lobed fossil leaf from the Lower ] of ] has been recently reinterpreted as an early ]<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Coiro|first=Mario|last2=Martínez|first2=Leandro C. A.|last3=Upchurch|first3=Garland R.|last4=Doyle|first4=James A.|title=Evidence for an extinct lineage of angiosperms from the Early Cretaceous of Patagonia and implications for the early radiation of flowering plants|url=https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/nph.16657|journal=New Phytologist|language=en|volume=n/a|issue=n/a|doi=10.1111/nph.16657|issn=1469-8137}}</ref>] Another fossil from the Lower ] of ], ''Eobowenia incrassata'', has been recently suggested as the oldest relative of '']''.<ref>{{cite journal | url = https://bmcevolbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12862-017-0943-x | title = ''Eobowenia'' gen. nov. from the Early Cretaceous of Patagonia: indication for an early divergence of ''Bowenia''? |author1=Coiro,M. |author2=Pott,C.| journal = BMC Evolutionary Biology | year = 2017 | volume = 17 | pages = 97 | doi = 10.1186/s12862-017-0943-x | issue=1| pmc = 5383990 | pmid=28388891}}</ref> | |||
| {{Wikispecies|Stangeriaceae}} | |||
| ==References== | |||
| {{Reflist}} | |||
| {{Taxonbar|from=Q134553}} | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
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