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'''Terrorism in Pakistan''', according to the ], poses a significant threat to the people of Pakistan. The wave of terrorism in Pakistan is believed to have started in 2000.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://old.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/pakistan/database/casualties.htm|title=Fatalities in terrorist violence in Pakistan 2003-2018|access-date=18 August 2018|work=South Asian Terrorism Portal Index (SATP)}}</ref> |
'''Terrorism in Pakistan''', according to the ], poses a significant threat to the people of Pakistan. The wave of terrorism in Pakistan is believed to have started in 2000.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://old.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/pakistan/database/casualties.htm|title=Fatalities in terrorist violence in Pakistan 2003-2018|access-date=18 August 2018|work=South Asian Terrorism Portal Index (SATP)|archive-date=3 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180803063934/http://old.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/pakistan/database/casualties.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
Attacks and fatalities in Pakistan were on a "declining trend" between 2015 and 2019, but has gone back up from 2020-2022, with 971 fatalities (229 civilians, 379 Security Force (SF) personnel and 363 terrorists) in 2022.<ref name="SATP-2023">{{cite web |title=Pakistan: Assessment- 2023 |url=https://www.satp.org/terrorism-assessment/pakistan |website=South Asian Terrorism Portal |access-date=26 July 2023}}</ref> | |||
Since 2001, the Pakistan military has launched a series of military offensives against terrorist groups in the ] (FATA). The offensive brought peace in those areas and the rest of the country.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/pakistan/once-terror-hit-region-now-ready-to-welcome-students-1.62810352|title=Once terror-hit region now ready to welcome students|date=21 March 2019|work=Gulf News}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.apnews.com/924651588c024bbbae4cfd4e94aeccb1|title=Pakistan says normalcy returns to former Taliban stronghold|date=27 January 2019|work=Associated Press (AP)}}</ref> Many terrorists belonging to various terrorist groups were killed. However, some militants managed to flee to Afghanistan.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.trtworld.com/magazine/pakistani-taliban-between-infighting-government-crackdowns-and-daesh-25976|title=Pakistani Taliban: Between infighting, government crackdowns and Daesh|date=18 April 2019|work=TRT News}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/us-drone-kills-afghan-based-pakistani-taliban-commander/4467419.html|title=US Drone Kills Afghan-Based Pakistani Taliban Commander|date=4 July 2018|work=Voice of America (VOA)}}</ref> From Afghanistan, those militants continue to launch attacks on Pakistan military posts located near the border.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.itct.org.uk/archives/itct_news/tehrik-e-taliban-pakistan-ttp-claimed-cross-border-attack-targeting-pakistani-soldiers-in-north-waziristan|title=Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) claimed cross-border attack targeting Pakistani soldiers in North Waziristan|work=Islamic Theology of Counter Terrorism (ITCT)|date=19 September 2018}}</ref> In 2017, Afghanistan's Chief Executive ] admitted that ] (TTP) has a foothold in Afghanistan.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1371039|title=TTP has a foothold in Afghanistan|work=Dawn News|date=17 November 2017}}</ref> In 2019, the ] claimed that about 3,000 to 5,000 terrorists belonging to TTP are in ].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dodig.mil/Reports/Lead-Inspector-General-Reports/Article/1853337/lead-inspector-general-for-operation-freedoms-sentinel-i-quarterly-report-to-th/|title=Lead Inspector General for Operation Freedom's Sentinel I Quarterly Report to the United States Congress I January 1, 2019 – March 31, 2019|access-date=12 May 2019|work=Department of Defense Office of Inspector General (DoDIG)}}</ref> | Since 2001, the Pakistan military has launched a series of military offensives against terrorist groups in the ] (FATA). The offensive brought peace in those areas and the rest of the country.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/pakistan/once-terror-hit-region-now-ready-to-welcome-students-1.62810352|title=Once terror-hit region now ready to welcome students|date=21 March 2019|work=Gulf News|access-date=9 May 2019|archive-date=8 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108010228/https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/pakistan/once-terror-hit-region-now-ready-to-welcome-students-1.62810352|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.apnews.com/924651588c024bbbae4cfd4e94aeccb1|title=Pakistan says normalcy returns to former Taliban stronghold|date=27 January 2019|work=Associated Press (AP)|access-date=9 May 2019|archive-date=3 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201103170926/https://apnews.com/924651588c024bbbae4cfd4e94aeccb1|url-status=live}}</ref> Many terrorists belonging to various terrorist groups were killed. However, some militants managed to flee to Afghanistan.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.trtworld.com/magazine/pakistani-taliban-between-infighting-government-crackdowns-and-daesh-25976|title=Pakistani Taliban: Between infighting, government crackdowns and Daesh|date=18 April 2019|work=TRT News|access-date=9 May 2019|archive-date=18 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190418164507/https://www.trtworld.com/magazine/pakistani-taliban-between-infighting-government-crackdowns-and-daesh-25976|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/us-drone-kills-afghan-based-pakistani-taliban-commander/4467419.html|title=US Drone Kills Afghan-Based Pakistani Taliban Commander|date=4 July 2018|work=Voice of America (VOA)|access-date=9 May 2019|archive-date=9 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190509211019/https://www.voanews.com/a/us-drone-kills-afghan-based-pakistani-taliban-commander/4467419.html|url-status=live}}</ref> From Afghanistan, those militants continue to launch attacks on Pakistan military posts located near the border.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.itct.org.uk/archives/itct_news/tehrik-e-taliban-pakistan-ttp-claimed-cross-border-attack-targeting-pakistani-soldiers-in-north-waziristan|title=Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) claimed cross-border attack targeting Pakistani soldiers in North Waziristan|work=Islamic Theology of Counter Terrorism (ITCT)|date=19 September 2018|access-date=9 May 2019|archive-date=10 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310082627/https://www.itct.org.uk/archives/itct_news/tehrik-e-taliban-pakistan-ttp-claimed-cross-border-attack-targeting-pakistani-soldiers-in-north-waziristan|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2017, Afghanistan's Chief Executive ] admitted that ] (TTP) has a foothold in Afghanistan.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1371039|title=TTP has a foothold in Afghanistan|work=Dawn News|date=17 November 2017|access-date=9 May 2019|archive-date=17 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171117085738/https://www.dawn.com/news/1371039|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2019, the ] claimed that about 3,000 to 5,000 terrorists belonging to TTP are in ].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dodig.mil/Reports/Lead-Inspector-General-Reports/Article/1853337/lead-inspector-general-for-operation-freedoms-sentinel-i-quarterly-report-to-th/|title=Lead Inspector General for Operation Freedom's Sentinel I Quarterly Report to the United States Congress I January 1, 2019 – March 31, 2019|access-date=12 May 2019|work=Department of Defense Office of Inspector General (DoDIG)|archive-date=1 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190601131905/https://www.dodig.mil/Reports/Lead-Inspector-General-Reports/Article/1853337/lead-inspector-general-for-operation-freedoms-sentinel-i-quarterly-report-to-th/|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
⚫ | ] | ||
⚫ | According to a report by ]'s ], 23,372 Pakistani civilians and 8,832 Pakistani security personnel were killed in the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nation.com.pk/09-Nov-2018/us-war-on-terror-killed-at-least-65-000-people-in-pakistan-study|title=US war on terror killed at least 65,000 people in Pakistan: study|date=9 November 2018|work=The Nation|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181109162712/https://nation.com.pk/09-Nov-2018/us-war-on-terror-killed-at-least-65-000-people-in-pakistan-study|archive-date=9 November 2018|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Moreover, according to the ], the direct and indirect economic costs of terrorism from 2000–2010 total $68 billion.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151109230921/http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2011/sep/29/why-they-get-pakistan-wrong/ |date=9 November 2015 }}| Mohsin Hamid| NYRoB 29 September 2011</ref> In 2018, Pakistani newspaper ] reported that the Pakistani economy suffered a total loss of $126.79 billion since 2001 due to the War on Terror.<ref name="lossesfrom"/> | ||
⚫ | Pakistan officials often blame India and Afghanistan for supporting terrorism in Pakistan. India has denied Pakistan's allegations. However, Afghanistan has admitted to providing support for terrorist groups such as ] (TTP). In 2013, the United States conducted a raid on an Afghan convoy that was taking ] to ]. Latif was a senior commander of ] (TTP).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/29/world/asia/us-disrupts-afghans-tack-on-militants.html|title=U.S. Disrupts Afghans' Tack on Militants|access-date=28 October 2013|work=New York Times|author=Matthew Rosenberg|archive-date=29 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029071647/https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/29/world/asia/us-disrupts-afghans-tack-on-militants.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Afghan ]'s spokesperson, Aimal Faizi, told reporters that the ] (NDS) was working with Latif. Latif was a conduit for funding to TTP. Some of the funding for TTP might have come from NDS.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thediplomat.com/2014/01/afghanistan-pakistan-the-covert-war/|title=Afghanistan-Pakistan: The covert war|date=1 January 2014|work=The Diplomat|author=Umar Farooq|quote=Latif spent much of his time since 2010 between Afghanistan and Pakistan, and it is believed he was a conduit for funding to the TTP. It now appears some of that funding might have come from Afghanistan’s intelligence agency, the National Directorate of Security (NDS)....Yet, the president’s spokesperson, Aimal Faizi, openly told reporters the NDS had been working with Latif “for a long period of time.” Latif, Faizi said, “was part of an NDS project like every other intelligence agency is doing.”|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104043159/https://thediplomat.com/2014/01/afghanistan-pakistan-the-covert-war/|archive-date=4 January 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Former NDS head ] posted a video belonging to TTP on his Twitter account where he claimed that the ] was ].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.dailypakistan.com.pk/world/former-afghan-intelligence-head-says-badaber-attack-is-a-tit-for-tat/|title=Former Afghan intelligence head says Badaber attack is a 'tit for tat', terms TTP militants as 'martyrs'|date=19 September 2015|work=Daily Pakistan|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150920212405/https://en.dailypakistan.com.pk/world/former-afghan-intelligence-head-says-badaber-attack-is-a-tit-for-tat/|archive-date=20 September 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> | ||
⚫ | According to a report by ]'s ], 23,372 Pakistani civilians and 8,832 Pakistani security personnel were killed in the ].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nation.com.pk/09-Nov-2018/us-war-on-terror-killed-at-least-65-000-people-in-pakistan-study|title=US war on terror killed at least 65,000 people in Pakistan: study|date=9 November 2018|work=The Nation|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181109162712/https://nation.com.pk/09-Nov-2018/us-war-on-terror-killed-at-least-65-000-people-in-pakistan-study|archive-date=9 November 2018|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Moreover, according to the ], the direct and indirect economic costs of terrorism from 2000–2010 total $68 billion.<ref>| Mohsin Hamid| NYRoB 29 September 2011</ref> In 2018, Pakistani newspaper ] reported that the Pakistani economy suffered a total loss of $126.79 billion since 2001 due to the War on Terror.<ref name="lossesfrom"/> | ||
⚫ | As of 2022, most terrorist activities in Pakistan have been concentrated in provinces of ] and ]. KP accounting for 64 percent of the reported casualties (633 fatalities in 2022), followed by 26 percent in Balochistan, 5.8 percent in Sindh and 2.8 percent in Punjab. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Pakistan's Alarming Rise in Terrorism Is Fueled by Afghanistan |url=https://thediplomat.com/2023/03/pakistans-alarming-rise-in-terrorism-is-fueled-by-afghanistan/ |access-date=2023-04-18 |website=thediplomat.com |language=en-US |archive-date=18 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230418091845/https://thediplomat.com/2023/03/pakistans-alarming-rise-in-terrorism-is-fueled-by-afghanistan/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
⚫ | Pakistan officials often blame India and Afghanistan for supporting terrorism in Pakistan. India has denied Pakistan's allegations. However, Afghanistan has admitted to providing support for terrorist groups such as ] (TTP). In 2013, the United States conducted a raid on an Afghan convoy that was taking ] to ]. Latif was a senior commander of ] (TTP).<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/10/29/world/asia/us-disrupts-afghans-tack-on-militants.html|title=U.S. Disrupts Afghans' Tack on Militants|access-date=28 October 2013|work=New York Times|author=Matthew Rosenberg}}</ref> Afghan ]'s spokesperson, Aimal Faizi, told reporters that the ] (NDS) was working with Latif. Latif was a conduit for funding to TTP. Some of the funding for TTP might have come from NDS.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thediplomat.com/2014/01/afghanistan-pakistan-the-covert-war/|title=Afghanistan-Pakistan: The covert war|date=1 January 2014|work=The Diplomat|author=Umar Farooq|quote=Latif spent much of his time since 2010 between Afghanistan and Pakistan, and it is believed he was a conduit for funding to the TTP. It now appears some of that funding might have come from Afghanistan’s intelligence agency, the National Directorate of Security (NDS)....Yet, the president’s spokesperson, Aimal Faizi, openly told reporters the NDS had been working with Latif “for a long period of time.” Latif, Faizi said, “was part of an NDS project like every other intelligence agency is doing.”|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104043159/https://thediplomat.com/2014/01/afghanistan-pakistan-the-covert-war/|archive-date=4 January 2014|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Former NDS head ] posted a video belonging to TTP on his Twitter account where he claimed that the ] was ].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.dailypakistan.com.pk/world/former-afghan-intelligence-head-says-badaber-attack-is-a-tit-for-tat/|title=Former Afghan intelligence head says Badaber attack is a 'tit for tat', terms TTP militants as 'martyrs'|date=19 September 2015|work=Daily Pakistan|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150920212405/https://en.dailypakistan.com.pk/world/former-afghan-intelligence-head-says-badaber-attack-is-a-tit-for-tat/|archive-date=20 September 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> | ||
⚫ | As of 2022, most terrorist activities in Pakistan have been concentrated in provinces of ] and ]. KP accounting for 64 percent of the reported casualties (633 fatalities in 2022), followed by 26 percent in Balochistan, 5.8 percent in Sindh and 2.8 percent in Punjab. <ref>{{Cite web |title= |
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==List of terrorist incidents since 2001== | ==List of terrorist incidents since 2001== | ||
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==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
The roots of terrorism in Pakistan can be traced back to 1979 when ] had occupied Afghanistan.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nation.com.pk/20-Apr-2016/terrorism-in-pakistan?show=486|title=Terrorism in Pakistan|date=20 April 2016|work=The Nation}}</ref>{{Reliable source?|date=March 2023|reason=Letter to the editor?}} Terrorism in Pakistan originated after Pakistan supported the Afghan ] during the ], and the subsequent civil war that erupted in ]. The ] fighters were trained by Pakistan's military, American CIA and other western intelligence agencies who continued operations in the area after the war officially ended.{{Citation needed|date=March 2023}} | The roots of terrorism in Pakistan can be traced back to 1979 when ] had occupied Afghanistan.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nation.com.pk/20-Apr-2016/terrorism-in-pakistan?show=486|title=Terrorism in Pakistan|date=20 April 2016|work=The Nation|access-date=15 October 2019|archive-date=8 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308164732/https://nation.com.pk/20-Apr-2016/terrorism-in-pakistan?show=486|url-status=live}}</ref>{{Reliable source?|date=March 2023|reason=Letter to the editor?}} Terrorism in Pakistan originated after Pakistan supported the Afghan ] during the ], and the subsequent civil war that erupted in ]. The ] fighters were trained by Pakistan's military, American CIA and other western intelligence agencies who continued operations in the area after the war officially ended.{{Citation needed|date=March 2023}} | ||
===Afghanistan=== | ===Afghanistan=== | ||
{{Expand section|date=April 2023}} | {{Expand section|date=April 2023}} | ||
In a report published by the ], It said that the incidents of terrorism in Pakistan had seen an increase in 2023 compared to 2018 and 2021 after the ]. The subsequent takeover of Afghanistan by the ] was followed by the release of 1500 ] militants from Afghan jails.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-19 |title=RAW may exploit fault lines in Pakistan |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2412750/raw-may-exploit-fault-lines-in-pakistan?amp=1 |access-date=2023-04-19 |website=The Express Tribune}}</ref> | In a report published by the ], It said that the incidents of terrorism in Pakistan had seen an increase in 2023 compared to 2018 and 2021 after the ]. The subsequent takeover of Afghanistan by the ] was followed by the release of 1500 ] militants from Afghan jails.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-19 |title=RAW may exploit fault lines in Pakistan |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2412750/raw-may-exploit-fault-lines-in-pakistan?amp=1 |access-date=2023-04-19 |website=The Express Tribune |archive-date=19 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230419052413/https://tribune.com.pk/story/2412750/raw-may-exploit-fault-lines-in-pakistan?amp=1 |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
⚫ | Afghanistan was identified to give unchecked and ungovernable spaces for freedom of movement for multiple anti Pakistan terrorist groups such as the TTP, JUA, BLA, BNA, BLF and |
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⚫ | Afghanistan was identified to give unchecked and ungovernable spaces for freedom of movement for multiple anti Pakistan terrorist groups such as the TTP, JUA, BLA, BNA, BLF and ISIS–K settled and operating along the ] border.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-19 |title=RAW may exploit fault lines in Pakistan |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2412750/raw-may-exploit-fault-lines-in-pakistan?amp=1 |access-date=2023-04-19 |website=The Express Tribune |archive-date=19 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230419052413/https://tribune.com.pk/story/2412750/raw-may-exploit-fault-lines-in-pakistan?amp=1 |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
===Alleged Indian Involvement=== | ===Alleged Indian Involvement=== | ||
In 2017, ], an Indian national was arrested in March 2016 by Pakistani authorities and charged with espionage and sabotage. He was accused of operating a covert terror network within Balochistan. According to them, he was a serving Indian Navy officer who was arrested from ].<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Masood |first1=Salman |last2=Kumar |first2=Hari |date=2017-04-10 |title=Pakistan Sentences Indian Spy to Death for Operating Terrorism Ring |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/10/world/asia/pakistan-india-death-sentence-spy-kulbhushan-yadav.html |access-date=2023-04-20 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The Pakistani military released a video of Jadhav in which he confessed that he was tasked by India’s intelligence agency, the Research and Analysis Wing (RAW), to plan and organise espionage and sabotage activities in Balochistan and Karachi.<ref>{{Cite web |last=APP |date=2016-03-30 |title=Transcript of RAW agent Kulbhushan's confessional statement |url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1248786 |access-date=2023-04-20 |website=DAWN.COM |language=en}}</ref> | |||
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⚫ | However, India responded that he was an ex - Indian Navy serviceman, and had been abducted by Pakistan from Iran and wrongfully detained for three weeks without informing the Indian consulate. He was subsequently sentenced to death by a military court in what India called would be "premediated murder".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/kulbhushan-jadhav-case-what-you-need-to-know-before-the-verdict/articleshow/70256759.cms?from=mdr|title=Kulbhushan Jadhav case: What you need to know before the verdict|newspaper=The Economic Times |date=17 July 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/kulbhushan-jadhav-kidnapped-from-iran-no-evidence-against-him-says-india-1679674|title=Kulbhushan Jadhav Kidnapped From Iran, No Evidence Against Him, Says India}}</ref> Pakistan also denied consular access to Jadhav, until the International Court of Justice intervened, by placing a stay the death sentence and forcing Pakistan “to cease internationally wrongful acts of a continuing character”. <ref>{{cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/how-india-won-kulbhushan-jadhavs-case-against-pakistan-at-the-international-court-of-justice/articleshow/70310916.cms?from=mdr|title=How India won Kulbhushan Jadhav's case against Pakistan at the International Court of Justice|newspaper=The Economic Times |date=21 July 2019 |last1=Bagchi |first1=Indrani }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.icwa.in/show_content.php?lang=1&level=3&ls_id=4798&lid=2012|title=The Verdict of ICJ on the Kulbhushan Jadhav Case}}</ref> | ||
⚫ | In November 2020, the ] made public a dossier allegedly containing 'irrefutable proofs' of Indian sponsorship of terrorism in Pakistan. It allegedly contained proof of India's financial and material sponsorship of multiple terrorist organisations, including UN-] ], ] and ].<ref>{{cite news |title=Specific proof of Indian terrorism in Pakistan unveiled |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1590441 |work=Dawn |date=November 15, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Pakistan gives UN a dossier on India, New Delhi dubs it 'lies' |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/11/25/pakistan-gives-un-a-dossier-on-india-new-delhi-dubs-it-lies |access-date=23 January 2022 |work=Al Jazeera |agency=Reuters |date=25 November 2020}}</ref> | ||
⚫ | In November 2020, the ] made public a dossier allegedly containing 'irrefutable proofs' of Indian sponsorship of terrorism in Pakistan. It allegedly contained proof of India's financial and material sponsorship of multiple terrorist organisations, including UN-] ], ] and ].<ref>{{cite news |title=Specific proof of Indian terrorism in Pakistan unveiled |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1590441 |work=Dawn |date=November 15, 2020 |access-date=6 October 2021 |archive-date=12 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220612003621/https://www.dawn.com/news/1590441 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Pakistan gives UN a dossier on India, New Delhi dubs it 'lies' |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/11/25/pakistan-gives-un-a-dossier-on-india-new-delhi-dubs-it-lies |access-date=23 January 2022 |work=Al Jazeera |agency=Reuters |date=25 November 2020 |archive-date=18 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220118163326/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/11/25/pakistan-gives-un-a-dossier-on-india-new-delhi-dubs-it-lies |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
==War on terrorism== | ==War on terrorism== | ||
{{Main|Pakistan's role in the War on Terror|Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa}} | {{Main|Pakistan's role in the War on Terror|Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa}} | ||
{{See also|Insurgency in Balochistan}} | {{See also|Insurgency in Balochistan}} | ||
⚫ | ] | ||
The current wave of terrorism peaked during 2009. Since then it has declined as result of selective military operations conducted by the ].<ref name="decline">{{cite web |title=Terrorism in Pakistan decline by 89% in 8 years |url=https://propakistani.pk/2018/04/24/terrorism-in-pakistan-declines-by-89-in-8-years/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180424134002/https://propakistani.pk/2018/04/24/terrorism-in-pakistan-declines-by-89-in-8-years/ |archive-date=24 April 2018 |access-date=6 November 2018 |work=ProPakistani |df=dmy-all}}</ref> According to South Asian Terrorism Portal Index (SATP), terrorism in Pakistan has declined by 89% in 2017 since its peak years in 2009.<ref name="decline"/> | The current wave of terrorism peaked during 2009. Since then it has declined as result of selective military operations conducted by the ].<ref name="decline">{{cite web |title=Terrorism in Pakistan decline by 89% in 8 years |url=https://propakistani.pk/2018/04/24/terrorism-in-pakistan-declines-by-89-in-8-years/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180424134002/https://propakistani.pk/2018/04/24/terrorism-in-pakistan-declines-by-89-in-8-years/ |archive-date=24 April 2018 |access-date=6 November 2018 |work=ProPakistani |df=dmy-all}}</ref> According to South Asian Terrorism Portal Index (SATP), terrorism in Pakistan has declined by 89% in 2017 since its peak years in 2009.<ref name="decline"/> | ||
In 2012, the Pakistani leadership sat down to sort out solutions for dealing with the menace of terrorism and in 2013, political parties unanimously reached a resolution on Monday 9, September 2013, at the All Parties Conference (APC), stating that negotiation with the militants should be pursued as their first option to counter terrorism.<ref>{{Cite web |
In 2012, the Pakistani leadership sat down to sort out solutions for dealing with the menace of terrorism and in 2013, political parties unanimously reached a resolution on Monday 9, September 2013, at the All Parties Conference (APC), stating that negotiation with the militants should be pursued as their first option to counter terrorism.<ref>{{Cite web| url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/601864/prior-to-apc-imran-khan-briefly-meets-kayani-nawaz/| title=APC: Political leaders decide on Taliban talks as first step| date=2013-09-09| access-date=25 May 2015| archive-date=20 August 2020| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200820002649/https://tribune.com.pk/story/601864/prior-to-apc-imran-khan-briefly-meets-kayani-nawaz| url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
With the terrorists attacks continuing in late 2013 the political leadership in Pakistan initiated a military operation against terrorists named ]; a joint military offensive against various militant groups, including the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), Lashkar-e-Jhangvi, Jundallah, al-Qaeda, the East Turkestan Islamic Movement (ETIM), the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) and the Haqqani network.<ref> 6 November 2014., '']''</ref>{{citation needed|date=July 2015}} The operation was launched by the Pakistan Armed Forces on 15 June 2014 in North Waziristan (part of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas along the Afghan border) as a renewed effort against militancy in the wake of the 8 June attack on Jinnah International Airport in Karachi, for which the TTP and the IMU claimed responsibility.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-27757264|title=Gunmen kill 13 at Karachi's Jinnah International Airport|date=9 June 2014|work=]}}</ref> | With the terrorists attacks continuing in late 2013 the political leadership in Pakistan initiated a military operation against terrorists named ]; a joint military offensive against various militant groups, including the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), Lashkar-e-Jhangvi, Jundallah, al-Qaeda, the East Turkestan Islamic Movement (ETIM), the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) and the Haqqani network.<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111181222/https://tribune.com.pk/story/786641/us-commander-commends-zarb-e-azb-for-disrupting-haqqani-networks-ability-to-target-afghanistan |date=11 November 2020 }} 6 November 2014., '']''</ref>{{citation needed|date=July 2015}} The operation was launched by the Pakistan Armed Forces on 15 June 2014 in North Waziristan (part of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas along the Afghan border) as a renewed effort against militancy in the wake of the 8 June attack on Jinnah International Airport in Karachi, for which the TTP and the IMU claimed responsibility.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-27757264|title=Gunmen kill 13 at Karachi's Jinnah International Airport|date=9 June 2014|work=]|access-date=21 June 2018|archive-date=12 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112012901/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-27757264|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
] has been described as turning point in Pakistan war on terrorism. The operation was successful and Pakistan experienced sharp decline in terrorism since the launch of the operation.<ref name="fencing">{{cite web|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1878671/1-terror-incidents-continued-decline-2018/|title=Terror incidents continued to decline in 2018|date=1 January 2019|author=Umar Farooq|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190102060715/https://tribune.com.pk/story/1878671/1-terror-incidents-continued-decline-2018/|archive-date=2 January 2019|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> According to National Counter Terrorism Authority (Nacta), Pakistan experienced largest number of terrorist attack in 2010. Since 2014, terrorist attacks in Pakistan have significantly declined. Pakistani officials state that the terrorism in Pakistan will decline more once the fencing of Pakistan-Afghanistan border is complete.<ref name="fencing"/> | ] has been described as turning point in Pakistan war on terrorism. The operation was successful and Pakistan experienced sharp decline in terrorism since the launch of the operation.<ref name="fencing">{{cite web|url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/1878671/1-terror-incidents-continued-decline-2018/|title=Terror incidents continued to decline in 2018|date=1 January 2019|author=Umar Farooq|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190102060715/https://tribune.com.pk/story/1878671/1-terror-incidents-continued-decline-2018/|archive-date=2 January 2019|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> According to National Counter Terrorism Authority (Nacta), Pakistan experienced largest number of terrorist attack in 2010. Since 2014, terrorist attacks in Pakistan have significantly declined. Pakistani officials state that the terrorism in Pakistan will decline more once the fencing of Pakistan-Afghanistan border is complete.<ref name="fencing"/> | ||
Pakistani newspaper, ], reports that Pakistan's economic losses due to war on terrorism declined by 62% from 2014 to 2018. The Pakistani economy suffered $23.77 billion in 2010-11 due to expenses related to war on terrorism. This amount declined to $12 billion in 2011-12. In 2016-17, Pakistan economy suffered $5.47 billion and $2.07 billion on 2017-18. Pakistani government estimates that Pakistan has suffered total losses of $126.79 billion since 9/11 attacks.<ref name="lossesfrom">{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1404161|title=62pc cut in war on terror losses|work=Dawn News|date=27 April 2018}}</ref> | Pakistani newspaper, ], reports that Pakistan's economic losses due to war on terrorism declined by 62% from 2014 to 2018. The Pakistani economy suffered $23.77 billion in 2010-11 due to expenses related to war on terrorism. This amount declined to $12 billion in 2011-12. In 2016-17, Pakistan economy suffered $5.47 billion and $2.07 billion on 2017-18. Pakistani government estimates that Pakistan has suffered total losses of $126.79 billion since 9/11 attacks.<ref name="lossesfrom">{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1404161|title=62pc cut in war on terror losses|work=Dawn News|date=27 April 2018|access-date=15 October 2019|archive-date=7 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307221015/https://www.dawn.com/news/1404161|url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
Afghan ]'s spokesperson, Aimal Faizi, told reporters that the ] (NDS) was working with Latif. Latif was conduit for funding to TTP. Some of the funding for TTP might have come from NDS.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thediplomat.com/2014/01/afghanistan-pakistan-the-covert-war/|title=Afghanistan-Pakistan: The covert war|date=1 January 2014|work=The Diplomat|author=Umar Farooq|quote=Latif spent much of his time since 2010 between Afghanistan and Pakistan, and it is believed he was a conduit for funding to the TTP. It now appears some of that funding might have come from Afghanistan’s intelligence agency, the National Directorate of Security (NDS)....Yet, the president’s spokesperson, Aimal Faizi, openly told reporters the NDS had been working with Latif “for a long period of time.” Latif, Faizi said, “was part of an NDS project like every other intelligence agency is doing.”}}</ref> Former NDS head, ], posted a video belonging to TTP on his Twitter account where he claimed that ] was ].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.dailypakistan.com.pk/world/former-afghan-intelligence-head-says-badaber-attack-is-a-tit-for-tat/|title=Former Afghan intelligence head says Badaber attack is a 'tit for tat', terms TTP militants as 'martyrs'|date=19 September 2015|work=Daily Pakistan|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150920212405/https://en.dailypakistan.com.pk/world/former-afghan-intelligence-head-says-badaber-attack-is-a-tit-for-tat/|archive-date=20 September 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> | Afghan ]'s spokesperson, Aimal Faizi, told reporters that the ] (NDS) was working with Latif. Latif was conduit for funding to TTP. Some of the funding for TTP might have come from NDS.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thediplomat.com/2014/01/afghanistan-pakistan-the-covert-war/|title=Afghanistan-Pakistan: The covert war|date=1 January 2014|work=The Diplomat|author=Umar Farooq|quote=Latif spent much of his time since 2010 between Afghanistan and Pakistan, and it is believed he was a conduit for funding to the TTP. It now appears some of that funding might have come from Afghanistan’s intelligence agency, the National Directorate of Security (NDS)....Yet, the president’s spokesperson, Aimal Faizi, openly told reporters the NDS had been working with Latif “for a long period of time.” Latif, Faizi said, “was part of an NDS project like every other intelligence agency is doing.”|access-date=9 May 2019|archive-date=4 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104043159/https://thediplomat.com/2014/01/afghanistan-pakistan-the-covert-war/|url-status=live}}</ref> Former NDS head, ], posted a video belonging to TTP on his Twitter account where he claimed that ] was ].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.dailypakistan.com.pk/world/former-afghan-intelligence-head-says-badaber-attack-is-a-tit-for-tat/|title=Former Afghan intelligence head says Badaber attack is a 'tit for tat', terms TTP militants as 'martyrs'|date=19 September 2015|work=Daily Pakistan|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150920212405/https://en.dailypakistan.com.pk/world/former-afghan-intelligence-head-says-badaber-attack-is-a-tit-for-tat/|archive-date=20 September 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}</ref> | ||
Thousands of people participated in peace rallies in different towns in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan, condemning the recent attack on the Malik Saad Shaheed Police Lines in Peshawar and the resurgence of militancy in the province. The participants demanded that the government eliminate militancy and ensure sustainable peace. The rallies were attended by prominent leaders, including Manzoor Pashteen of the Pashtun Tahaffuz Movement (PTM) and Sardar Hussain Babak of the Awami National Party.<ref>{{Cite web |title= Condemning peshawer attack |date=6 February 2023 |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1735535/thousands-pour-onto-streets-demanding-restoration-of-durable-peace-in-kp}}</ref> | Thousands of people participated in peace rallies in different towns in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan, condemning the recent attack on the Malik Saad Shaheed Police Lines in Peshawar and the resurgence of militancy in the province. The participants demanded that the government eliminate militancy and ensure sustainable peace. The rallies were attended by prominent leaders, including Manzoor Pashteen of the Pashtun Tahaffuz Movement (PTM) and Sardar Hussain Babak of the Awami National Party.<ref>{{Cite web |title= Condemning peshawer attack |date= 6 February 2023 |url= https://www.dawn.com/news/1735535/thousands-pour-onto-streets-demanding-restoration-of-durable-peace-in-kp |access-date= 6 February 2023 |archive-date= 6 February 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230206113536/https://www.dawn.com/news/1735535/thousands-pour-onto-streets-demanding-restoration-of-durable-peace-in-kp |url-status= live }}</ref> | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
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{{Asia topic|Terrorism in}} | {{Asia topic|Terrorism in|IL=Timeline of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict}} | ||
{{War on Terrorism}} | {{War on Terrorism}} | ||
Latest revision as of 08:05, 15 April 2024
The examples and perspective in this article may not include all significant viewpoints. Please improve the article or discuss the issue. (March 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
Terrorism in Pakistan, according to the Ministry of Interior, poses a significant threat to the people of Pakistan. The wave of terrorism in Pakistan is believed to have started in 2000. Attacks and fatalities in Pakistan were on a "declining trend" between 2015 and 2019, but has gone back up from 2020-2022, with 971 fatalities (229 civilians, 379 Security Force (SF) personnel and 363 terrorists) in 2022.
Since 2001, the Pakistan military has launched a series of military offensives against terrorist groups in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). The offensive brought peace in those areas and the rest of the country. Many terrorists belonging to various terrorist groups were killed. However, some militants managed to flee to Afghanistan. From Afghanistan, those militants continue to launch attacks on Pakistan military posts located near the border. In 2017, Afghanistan's Chief Executive Abdullah Abdullah admitted that Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) has a foothold in Afghanistan. In 2019, the United States Department of Defense claimed that about 3,000 to 5,000 terrorists belonging to TTP are in Afghanistan.
According to a report by Brown University's Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs, 23,372 Pakistani civilians and 8,832 Pakistani security personnel were killed in the War on Terrorism. Moreover, according to the Government of Pakistan, the direct and indirect economic costs of terrorism from 2000–2010 total $68 billion. In 2018, Pakistani newspaper Dawn News reported that the Pakistani economy suffered a total loss of $126.79 billion since 2001 due to the War on Terror.
Pakistan officials often blame India and Afghanistan for supporting terrorism in Pakistan. India has denied Pakistan's allegations. However, Afghanistan has admitted to providing support for terrorist groups such as Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP). In 2013, the United States conducted a raid on an Afghan convoy that was taking Latif Mehsud to Kabul. Latif was a senior commander of Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP). Afghan President's spokesperson, Aimal Faizi, told reporters that the National Directorate of Security (NDS) was working with Latif. Latif was a conduit for funding to TTP. Some of the funding for TTP might have come from NDS. Former NDS head Asadullah Khalid posted a video belonging to TTP on his Twitter account where he claimed that the Badaber Camp attack was tit for tat.
As of 2022, most terrorist activities in Pakistan have been concentrated in provinces of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan. KP accounting for 64 percent of the reported casualties (633 fatalities in 2022), followed by 26 percent in Balochistan, 5.8 percent in Sindh and 2.8 percent in Punjab.
List of terrorist incidents since 2001
List of terrorist incidents in Pakistan since 2001Causes
The roots of terrorism in Pakistan can be traced back to 1979 when Soviet Union had occupied Afghanistan. Terrorism in Pakistan originated after Pakistan supported the Afghan mujahideen during the Soviet–Afghan War, and the subsequent civil war that erupted in Afghanistan. The mujahideen fighters were trained by Pakistan's military, American CIA and other western intelligence agencies who continued operations in the area after the war officially ended.
Afghanistan
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to itadding to it or making an edit request. (April 2023) |
In a report published by the Defence Ministry, It said that the incidents of terrorism in Pakistan had seen an increase in 2023 compared to 2018 and 2021 after the US withdrawal from Afghanistan. The subsequent takeover of Afghanistan by the Afghan Taliban was followed by the release of 1500 TTP militants from Afghan jails.
Afghanistan was identified to give unchecked and ungovernable spaces for freedom of movement for multiple anti Pakistan terrorist groups such as the TTP, JUA, BLA, BNA, BLF and ISIS–K settled and operating along the Pak-Afghan border.
Alleged Indian Involvement
In 2017, Kulbhushan Jadhav, an Indian national was arrested in March 2016 by Pakistani authorities and charged with espionage and sabotage. He was accused of operating a covert terror network within Balochistan. According to them, he was a serving Indian Navy officer who was arrested from Balochistan. The Pakistani military released a video of Jadhav in which he confessed that he was tasked by India’s intelligence agency, the Research and Analysis Wing (RAW), to plan and organise espionage and sabotage activities in Balochistan and Karachi.
However, India responded that he was an ex - Indian Navy serviceman, and had been abducted by Pakistan from Iran and wrongfully detained for three weeks without informing the Indian consulate. He was subsequently sentenced to death by a military court in what India called would be "premediated murder". Pakistan also denied consular access to Jadhav, until the International Court of Justice intervened, by placing a stay the death sentence and forcing Pakistan “to cease internationally wrongful acts of a continuing character”.
In November 2020, the Foreign Office of Pakistan made public a dossier allegedly containing 'irrefutable proofs' of Indian sponsorship of terrorism in Pakistan. It allegedly contained proof of India's financial and material sponsorship of multiple terrorist organisations, including UN-designated terrorist organisations Jamaat-ul-Ahrar, Balochistan Liberation Army and Tehreek-i-Taliban Pakistan.
War on terrorism
Main articles: Pakistan's role in the War on Terror and Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa See also: Insurgency in BalochistanThe current wave of terrorism peaked during 2009. Since then it has declined as result of selective military operations conducted by the Pakistan Army. According to South Asian Terrorism Portal Index (SATP), terrorism in Pakistan has declined by 89% in 2017 since its peak years in 2009.
In 2012, the Pakistani leadership sat down to sort out solutions for dealing with the menace of terrorism and in 2013, political parties unanimously reached a resolution on Monday 9, September 2013, at the All Parties Conference (APC), stating that negotiation with the militants should be pursued as their first option to counter terrorism.
With the terrorists attacks continuing in late 2013 the political leadership in Pakistan initiated a military operation against terrorists named Operation Zarb-e-Azb; a joint military offensive against various militant groups, including the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), Lashkar-e-Jhangvi, Jundallah, al-Qaeda, the East Turkestan Islamic Movement (ETIM), the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) and the Haqqani network. The operation was launched by the Pakistan Armed Forces on 15 June 2014 in North Waziristan (part of the Federally Administered Tribal Areas along the Afghan border) as a renewed effort against militancy in the wake of the 8 June attack on Jinnah International Airport in Karachi, for which the TTP and the IMU claimed responsibility.
Operation Zarb-e-Azb has been described as turning point in Pakistan war on terrorism. The operation was successful and Pakistan experienced sharp decline in terrorism since the launch of the operation. According to National Counter Terrorism Authority (Nacta), Pakistan experienced largest number of terrorist attack in 2010. Since 2014, terrorist attacks in Pakistan have significantly declined. Pakistani officials state that the terrorism in Pakistan will decline more once the fencing of Pakistan-Afghanistan border is complete.
Pakistani newspaper, Dawn news, reports that Pakistan's economic losses due to war on terrorism declined by 62% from 2014 to 2018. The Pakistani economy suffered $23.77 billion in 2010-11 due to expenses related to war on terrorism. This amount declined to $12 billion in 2011-12. In 2016-17, Pakistan economy suffered $5.47 billion and $2.07 billion on 2017-18. Pakistani government estimates that Pakistan has suffered total losses of $126.79 billion since 9/11 attacks.
Afghan President's spokesperson, Aimal Faizi, told reporters that the National Directorate of Security (NDS) was working with Latif. Latif was conduit for funding to TTP. Some of the funding for TTP might have come from NDS. Former NDS head, Asadullah Khalid, posted a video belonging to TTP on his Twitter account where he claimed that Badaber Camp attack was tit for tat.
Thousands of people participated in peace rallies in different towns in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan, condemning the recent attack on the Malik Saad Shaheed Police Lines in Peshawar and the resurgence of militancy in the province. The participants demanded that the government eliminate militancy and ensure sustainable peace. The rallies were attended by prominent leaders, including Manzoor Pashteen of the Pashtun Tahaffuz Movement (PTM) and Sardar Hussain Babak of the Awami National Party.
See also
- Operation Zarb-e-Azb
- Operation Radd-ul-Fasad
- War on terror
- Pakistan's role in the War on Terror
- Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
- Insurgency in Balochistan
- Sectarian violence in Pakistan
- Anti-China terrorism in Pakistan
- Rangers Anti-Terrorism Wing
- Pakistan and state-sponsored terrorism
References
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- "Pakistan: Assessment- 2023". South Asian Terrorism Portal. Retrieved 26 July 2023.
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- "US Drone Kills Afghan-Based Pakistani Taliban Commander". Voice of America (VOA). 4 July 2018. Archived from the original on 9 May 2019. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
- "Tehrik-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) claimed cross-border attack targeting Pakistani soldiers in North Waziristan". Islamic Theology of Counter Terrorism (ITCT). 19 September 2018. Archived from the original on 10 March 2021. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
- "TTP has a foothold in Afghanistan". Dawn News. 17 November 2017. Archived from the original on 17 November 2017. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
- "Lead Inspector General for Operation Freedom's Sentinel I Quarterly Report to the United States Congress I January 1, 2019 – March 31, 2019". Department of Defense Office of Inspector General (DoDIG). Archived from the original on 1 June 2019. Retrieved 12 May 2019.
- "US war on terror killed at least 65,000 people in Pakistan: study". The Nation. 9 November 2018. Archived from the original on 9 November 2018.
- Why they get Pakistan wrong Archived 9 November 2015 at the Wayback Machine| Mohsin Hamid| NYRoB 29 September 2011
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Latif spent much of his time since 2010 between Afghanistan and Pakistan, and it is believed he was a conduit for funding to the TTP. It now appears some of that funding might have come from Afghanistan's intelligence agency, the National Directorate of Security (NDS)....Yet, the president's spokesperson, Aimal Faizi, openly told reporters the NDS had been working with Latif "for a long period of time." Latif, Faizi said, "was part of an NDS project like every other intelligence agency is doing."
- "Former Afghan intelligence head says Badaber attack is a 'tit for tat', terms TTP militants as 'martyrs'". Daily Pakistan. 19 September 2015. Archived from the original on 20 September 2015.
- "Pakistan's Alarming Rise in Terrorism Is Fueled by Afghanistan". thediplomat.com. Archived from the original on 18 April 2023. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
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- "RAW may exploit fault lines in Pakistan". The Express Tribune. 19 April 2023. Archived from the original on 19 April 2023. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
- "RAW may exploit fault lines in Pakistan". The Express Tribune. 19 April 2023. Archived from the original on 19 April 2023. Retrieved 19 April 2023.
- Masood, Salman; Kumar, Hari (10 April 2017). "Pakistan Sentences Indian Spy to Death for Operating Terrorism Ring". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 20 April 2023.
- APP (30 March 2016). "Transcript of RAW agent Kulbhushan's confessional statement". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 20 April 2023.
- "Kulbhushan Jadhav case: What you need to know before the verdict". The Economic Times. 17 July 2019.
- "Kulbhushan Jadhav Kidnapped From Iran, No Evidence Against Him, Says India".
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- "Specific proof of Indian terrorism in Pakistan unveiled". Dawn. 15 November 2020. Archived from the original on 12 June 2022. Retrieved 6 October 2021.
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- ^ "Terrorism in Pakistan decline by 89% in 8 years". ProPakistani. Archived from the original on 24 April 2018. Retrieved 6 November 2018.
- "APC: Political leaders decide on Taliban talks as first step". 9 September 2013. Archived from the original on 20 August 2020. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
- US commander commends Zarb-e-Azb for disrupting Haqqani network's ability to target Afghanistan Archived 11 November 2020 at the Wayback Machine 6 November 2014., The Express Tribune
- "Gunmen kill 13 at Karachi's Jinnah International Airport". BBC News. 9 June 2014. Archived from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
- ^ Umar Farooq (1 January 2019). "Terror incidents continued to decline in 2018". Archived from the original on 2 January 2019.
- Umar Farooq (1 January 2014). "Afghanistan-Pakistan: The covert war". The Diplomat. Archived from the original on 4 January 2014. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
Latif spent much of his time since 2010 between Afghanistan and Pakistan, and it is believed he was a conduit for funding to the TTP. It now appears some of that funding might have come from Afghanistan's intelligence agency, the National Directorate of Security (NDS)....Yet, the president's spokesperson, Aimal Faizi, openly told reporters the NDS had been working with Latif "for a long period of time." Latif, Faizi said, "was part of an NDS project like every other intelligence agency is doing."
- "Former Afghan intelligence head says Badaber attack is a 'tit for tat', terms TTP militants as 'martyrs'". Daily Pakistan. 19 September 2015. Archived from the original on 20 September 2015.
- "Condemning peshawer attack". 6 February 2023. Archived from the original on 6 February 2023. Retrieved 6 February 2023.
Bibliography
- Hassan Abbas. Pakistan's Drift Into Extremism: Allah, The Army, And America's War On Terror, M.E. Sharpe, 2004. ISBN 0-7656-1497-9
- Zahid Hussain. Frontline Pakistan: The Struggle with Militant Islam, New York: Columbia University Press, 2007. ISBN 0-231-14224-2
Further reading
- Ali, Nosheen. "Books vs Bombs? Humanitarian development and the narrative of terror in Northern Pakistan." Third World Quarterly. Volume 31, Issue 4, 2010 ("Special Issue: Relocating Culture in Development and Development in Culture"). p. 541-559. DOI: 10.1080/01436591003701075. Published online on 28 June 2013. Available on EBSCOHost Academic Search Complete, Accession number 51818440.
External links
- Pak Institute for Peace Studies (PIPS)
- Surf Safe Pakistan -Report Terrorist and extremist material Online
- A profile of Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan Harvard Kennedy School's Belfer Center
- Pakistan Information Security Association
- The Taliban once ruled Pakistan’s Swat Valley. Now peace has returned.