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{{Short description|American drummer}}
{{Infobox musical artist {{Infobox musical artist
| name = Clyde Stubblefield | name = Clyde Stubblefield
⚫ | image = Clyde-Stubblefield-june-24-2005.jpg
| background = non_vocal_instrumentalist
⚫ | image_size =
⚫ | image = Clyde-Stubblefield-june-24-2005.jpg
⚫ | image_size =
| caption = Stubblefield performing in 2005 | caption = Stubblefield performing in 2005
| alias = | alias =
| birth_name = Clyde Austin Stubblefield <!-- per <ref name="cs-madison-feb2017"/> --> | birth_name = Clyde Austin Stubblefield <!-- per <ref name="cs-madison-feb2017"/> -->
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1943|4|18}} | birth_date = {{Birth date|1943|4|18}}
| birth_place = ], U.S. | birth_place = ], U.S.
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2017|2|18|1943|4|18}} | death_date = {{Death date and age|2017|2|18|1943|4|18}}
| death_place = ], U.S. | death_place = ], U.S.
| genre = {{hlist|]|]|]}} | genre = {{hlist|]|]|]}}
| occupation = Musician | occupation = Musician
| instrument = ] | instrument = ]
| years_active = {{circa|lk=no|1960}}–2017 <!-- per article body --> | years_active = {{circa|lk=no|1960}}–2017 <!-- per article body -->
| label = | label =
| associated_acts = {{hlist|]|]|]}} | associated_acts = {{hlist|]|]|]}}
| website = | website =
}} }}


'''Clyde Austin Stubblefield''' (April 18, 1943 – February 18, 2017) was an American drummer best known for his work with ]. A self-taught musician, he was influenced by the sound of natural rhythms around him. His drum patterns on Brown's recordings are considered ] standards. He recorded and toured with Brown for six years and settled in ], where he was a staple of the local music scene. Often uncredited, samples of his drum patterns were heavily used in ]. He was the recipient of an honorary doctorate in fine arts. '''Clyde Austin Stubblefield''' (April 18, 1943 – February 18, 2017) was an American drummer best known for his work with ], with whom he recorded and toured for six years (1965-70). His ] drum patterns on Brown's recordings are considered ] standards. Samples of his drum performances (particularly his ] in the 1970 track "]") were heavily used in ] beginning in the 1980s, although Stubblefield frequently received no credit.

A self-taught musician, Stubblefield was influenced by the sound of ] rhythms he heard in factories and trains. He began playing with local groups in his native ] and later moved to ], where he played with musicians such as ] and ] in the early 1960s before joining Brown's band. He later settled in ], where he was a staple of the local music scene. He has been named among the great drummers of all time by various publications. In 2017, he accepted an honorary degree from the ].


==Early life== ==Early life==
Born to Frank D. and Vena Stubblefield on April 18, 1943, he grew up in ], Tennessee.<ref name="cs-dworld-bio" /><ref name="cs-madison-feb2017" /> He was inspired to pursue drumming after seeing drummers for the first time in a parade.<ref name="cs-famusbook-2003" /> As a youngster his sense of rhythm was influenced by the industrial sounds of factories and trains around him.<ref name="cs-nytimes-2011" /><ref name="cs-npr-2015" /> He practiced the rhythm patterns he heard, sometimes playing two patterns simultaneously.<ref name="cs-vicfirth-2010" /> Years later he said if he could hum a drum pattern, he could play it.<ref name="cs-workshop-video" /> He played professionally as a teenager and performed in local bands such as Blue Shufflers, Inclines, and Cascades.<ref name="cs-original-albumnotes" /><ref name="cs-salon-2019" /> In early 1960s he moved to ], Georgia, and worked with guitarist ] and toured with ].<ref name="cs-vicfirth-2010" /><ref name="cs-paste-2014" /> Born to Frank D. and Vena Stubblefield on April 18, 1943, he grew up in ], Tennessee.<ref name="cs-dworld-bio" /><ref name="cs-madison-feb2017" /> He was inspired to pursue drumming after seeing drummers for the first time in a parade.<ref name="cs-famusbook-2003" /> As a youngster his sense of rhythm was influenced by the industrial sounds of factories and trains around him.<ref name="cs-nytimes-2011" /><ref name="cs-npr-2015" /> He practiced the rhythm patterns he heard, sometimes playing two patterns simultaneously.<ref name="cs-vicfirth-2010" /> Years later he said if he could hum a drum pattern, he could play it.<ref name="cs-workshop-video" /> He played professionally as a teenager and performed in local bands such as Blue Shufflers, Inclines, and Cascades.<ref name="cs-original-albumnotes" /><ref name="cs-salon-2019" /> In the early 1960s he moved to ], Georgia, and worked with guitarist ] and toured with ].<ref name="cs-vicfirth-2010" /><ref name="cs-paste-2014" />


==Drummer for James Brown, 1965 to 1970== ==Drummer for James Brown, 1965 to 1970==
In 1965, ] saw Stubblefield perform in Macon, Georgia, and asked him to audition. Soon after he joined Brown's band.<ref name="cs-famusbook-2003" /><ref name="cs-paste-2014" /> Over the next six years the band had two drummers, Stubblefield and ] who had joined the band two weeks earlier. Starks' style was influenced by the church music he grew up with in ], Alabama. The two drummers had no formal training.<ref name="cs-npr-2015" /> According to Stubblefield, "We just played what we wanted to play (...) We just put down what we think it should be."<ref name="cs-nytimes-2011" /> The two "created the grooves on many of Brown's biggest hits and laid the foundation for modern funk drumming in the process."<ref name="cs-npr-2015" /> In 1965, ] saw Stubblefield perform in Macon, Georgia, and asked him to audition. Soon after he joined Brown's band.<ref name="cs-famusbook-2003" /><ref name="cs-paste-2014" /> Over the next six years the band had two drummers, Stubblefield and ] who had joined the band two weeks earlier. Starks' style was influenced by the church music he grew up with in ], Alabama. The two drummers had no formal training.<ref name="cs-npr-2015" /> According to Stubblefield, "We just played what we wanted to play (...) We just put down what we think it should be."<ref name="cs-nytimes-2011" /> The two "created the grooves on many of Brown's biggest hits and laid the foundation for modern funk drumming in the process."<ref name="cs-npr-2015" />


Stubblefield's recordings with James Brown are considered to be some of the standard-bearers for ] drumming, including the singles "]", "]", "]", "]", "]", "]", "]", "]" and the album '']''.<ref name="cs-bio-am" /><ref name="cs-amoeblog-2010" /> Stubblefield's recordings with James Brown are considered to be some of the standard-bearers for ] drumming, including the singles "]", "]", "]", "]", "]", "]", "]", "]", and the album '']''.<ref name="cs-bio-am" /><ref name="cs-amoeblog-2010" />


His rhythm pattern on James Brown's "]" is among the world's most sampled musical segments. It has been used for decades by ] groups and rappers such as ], ], ], ], ], ] and ], and has also been used in other genres.<ref name="cs-nytimes-2011" /><ref name="cs-rollingstone-2017" /> Though the sole creator of his patterns, Stubblefield was not credited for the use of the samples.<ref name="cs-ind-lens-module" /><ref name="cs-rollingstone-2017" /> He was featured in the 2009 ] documentary, '']'', which addressed the creative and legal aspects of sampling in the music industry.<ref name="cs-amoeblog-2010" /><ref name="cs-wired-2010" /> His rhythm pattern on James Brown's "]" is among the world's most sampled musical segments. It has been used for decades by ] groups and rappers such as ], ], ], ], ], ] and ], and has also been used in other genres.<ref name="cs-nytimes-2011" /><ref name="cs-rollingstone-2017" /> Though the sole creator of his patterns, Stubblefield was not credited for the use of the samples.<ref name="cs-ind-lens-module" /><ref name="cs-rollingstone-2017" /> He was featured in the 2009 ] documentary, '']'', which addressed the creative and legal aspects of sampling in the music industry.<ref name="cs-amoeblog-2010" /><ref name="cs-wired-2010" />


{{ external media|float=right|width=150px|video1=,<br/> Boston Garden 1968,<br/> "Cold Sweat"}} {{ external media|float=right|width=150px|video1=,<br/> Boston Garden 1968,<br/> "Cold Sweat"}}


==Career, 1971 to 2017== ==Career, 1971 to 2017==
Stubblefield lived in ], from 1971 onward.<ref name="cs-prince-wsj" /> For over twenty years he played Monday nights with his band, The Clyde Stubblefield Band, in downtown Madison. The band featured his longtime friend and keyboard-organ player Steve "Doc" Skaggs, along with soul vocalists Charlie Brooks and Karri Daley, as well as a horn section and supporting band. Stubblefield retired from the Monday shows in 2011 due to health issues, leaving the band in the hands of his nephew Bret Stubblefield.<ref name="cs-isthmus-2011" /><ref name="cs-band-broadjam" /> Stubblefield lived in ], from 1971 onward.<ref name="cs-prince-wsj" /> For over twenty years he played Monday nights with his band, The Clyde Stubblefield Band, in downtown Madison. The band featured his longtime friend and keyboard-organ player Steve "Doc" Skaggs, along with soul vocalists Charlie Brooks and Karri Daley, as well as a horn section and supporting band. Stubblefield retired from the Monday shows in 2011 due to health issues, leaving the band in the hands of his nephew Bret Stubblefield.<ref name="cs-isthmus-2011" /><ref name="cs-band-broadjam" />


Stubblefield worked with a variety of musicians in the Madison area such as keyboardist Steve Skaggs, guitarists ] and Cris Plata, jazz violinist ], country trio Common Faces and jazz group NEO.<ref name="cs-madison-jul2009" /><ref name="cs-isthmus2-2011" /><ref name="cs-salon-2019" /> He performed and recorded with members of ] including ], ] and "Jabo" Starks.<ref name="cs-isthmus2-2011" /><ref name="cs-sfweekly-2012" /> The group released the album ''Bring the Funk on Down'' in 1999.<ref name="cs-am-bringfunk" /> From the early 1990s to 2015 he performed on the nationally syndicated public radio show '']''<ref name="cs-nytimes-2011" /><ref name="cs-aaj-feb2015" /> Stubblefield worked with a variety of musicians in the Madison area such as keyboardist Steve Skaggs, guitarists ] and Cris Plata, jazz violinist ], rock band ], country trio Common Faces and jazz group NEO.<ref name="cs-madison-jul2009" /><ref name="cs-isthmus2-2011" /><ref name="cs-salon-2019" /> He performed and recorded with members of ] including ], ] and "Jabo" Starks.<ref name="cs-isthmus2-2011" /><ref name="cs-sfweekly-2012" /> The group released the album ''Bring the Funk on Down'' in 1999.<ref name="cs-am-bringfunk" /> From the early 1990s to 2015, he performed on the nationally syndicated public radio show '']''<ref name="cs-nytimes-2011" /><ref name="cs-aaj-feb2015" />


Stubblefield's first solo album ''The Revenge of the Funky Drummer'' was released in 1997. The album was produced by producer-songwriter ].<ref name="cs-soloalbum1997-am" /> In 2002 he released a 26 track ] album titled ''The Original Funky Drummer Breakbeat Album''.<ref name="cs-bbeat-am" /> Stubblefield's third solo album ''The Original'' was released in 2003.<ref name="cs-original-am" /> All compositions were based on Stubblefield's drum grooves and the album was produced by ].<ref name="cs-original-albumnotes" /> Stubblefield's first solo album ''The Revenge of the Funky Drummer'' was released in 1997. The album was produced by producer-songwriter ].<ref name="cs-soloalbum1997-am" /> In 1998, he released a 26 track ] album titled ''The Original Funky Drummer Breakbeat Album''.<ref name="cs-bbeat-am" /> Stubblefield's third solo album ''The Original'' was released in 2003.<ref name="cs-original-am" /> All compositions were based on Stubblefield's drum grooves and the album was produced by ].<ref name="cs-original-albumnotes" />


Stubblefield collaborated frequently with "Jabo" Starks. As the '''Funkmasters''', the duo released an album in 2001 called ''Find the Groove'' and an album in 2006 called ''Come Get Summa This''.<ref name="cs-findgroove-am" /><ref name="cd-summathis-am" /> The duo also released a drumming instruction video in 1999 titled ''Soul of the Funky Drummers''.<ref name="cs-dworld-bio" /><ref name="cs-instvideo-1999" /> In December 2007, the duo joined Bootsy Collins in Covington, Kentucky, for the first tribute concert in memory of James Brown.<ref name="cs-tributeshow-2007" /> Stubblefield and Starks played on ''Funk for Your Ass'', a tribute album by fellow James Brown orchestra alum ]. The album was released in 2008.<ref name="cs-ffya-2008" /> Later that year an expansion to the ] software was released with samples recorded by Stubblefield and Starks.<ref name="cs-toon-2008" /> Stubblefield collaborated frequently with "Jabo" Starks. As the '''Funkmasters''', the duo released an album in 2001 called ''Find the Groove'' and an album in 2006 called ''Come Get Summa This''.<ref name="cs-findgroove-am" /><ref name="cd-summathis-am" /> The duo also released a drumming instruction video in 1999 titled ''Soul of the Funky Drummers''.<ref name="cs-dworld-bio" /><ref name="cs-instvideo-1999" /> In December 2007, the duo joined Bootsy Collins in Covington, Kentucky, for the first tribute concert in memory of James Brown.<ref name="cs-tributeshow-2007" /> Stubblefield and Starks played on ''Funk for Your Ass'', a tribute album by fellow James Brown orchestra alum ]. The album was released in 2008.<ref name="cs-ffya-2008" /> Later that year an expansion to the ] software was released with samples recorded by Stubblefield and Starks.<ref name="cs-toon-2008" />


In 2009 Stubblefield was in need of a kidney transplant and underwent dialysis treatments.<ref name="cs-madison-jul2009" /> Musicians in the Madison area organized fundraiser events, donating the proceeds to supplement his dialysis treatment and subsequent medical bills.<ref name="cs-vicfirth-2010" /><ref name="cs-moderndrummer-2007" /> Stubblefield coped with health issues from the early 2000s onward including cancer. His wife Jody Hannon was a source of support in managing his health.<ref name="cs-nytimes-2011" /><ref name="cs-madison-jul2009" /><ref name="cs-confreaks-2012" /> In 2009, Stubblefield was in need of a kidney transplant and underwent dialysis treatments.<ref name="cs-madison-jul2009" /> Musicians in the Madison area organized fundraiser events, donating the proceeds to supplement his dialysis treatment and subsequent medical bills.<ref name="cs-vicfirth-2010" /><ref name="cs-moderndrummer-2007" /> Stubblefield coped with health issues from the early 2000s onward including cancer. His wife Jody Hannon was a source of support in managing his health.<ref name="cs-nytimes-2011" /><ref name="cs-madison-jul2009" /><ref name="cs-confreaks-2012" />


In 2011 Stubblefield performed "]" on the '']'' along with ] and members of ] and ].<ref name="cs-isthmus-2011" /><ref name="cs-imdb-2011" /> In 2012 he gave an autobiographical talk and performed his favorite beats at the Madison Ruby conference in Madison, Wisconsin.<ref name="cs-rubycon-2012" /> In 2015 a scholarship fund for music education was started and named after Stubblefield.<ref name="cs-scholar-isthmus2015" /><ref name="cs-scholar-wsj2017" /> In 2011, Stubblefield performed "]" on the '']'' along with ] and members of ] and ].<ref name="cs-isthmus-2011" /><ref name="cs-imdb-2011" /> In 2012, he gave an autobiographical talk and performed his favorite beats at the Madison Ruby conference in Madison, Wisconsin.<ref name="cs-rubycon-2012" /> In 2015, a scholarship fund for music education was started and named after Stubblefield.<ref name="cs-scholar-isthmus2015" /><ref name="cs-scholar-wsj2017" />


== Recognition == == Recognition ==


In 2014 Stubblefield was named the second best drummer of all time by '']''. According to the ''LA Weekly'', "Stubblefield is one of the most sampled drummers in history, the man whose uncanny ability to deconstruct pop music's simple 4/4 rhythms into a thousand different sly syncopations laid the foundation not only for funk, but for most of hip-hop, as well."<ref name="cs-laweekly-jan2015" /> In 2013 Stubblefield and Starks received the Yamaha Legacy Award.<ref name="cs-groovemaster-2013" /><ref name="cs-yamaha-2013" /> In 2004 he received the lifetime achievement award at the Madison Area Music Awards.<ref name="cs-mama-2004" /> In 2000 he was inducted into the ] hall of fame.<ref name="cs-wami-2000" /> In 1990 he was named drummer of the year by '']'' magazine, and in 2016 the magazine named Stubblefield and Starks the sixth best drummer of all time.<ref name="cs-famusbook-2003" /><ref name="cs-rstones-2016" /> A set of Stubblefield's autographed drum-sticks are in the ].<ref name="cs-famusbook-2003" /> In 2014, Stubblefield was named the second best drummer of all time by '']''. According to the ''LA Weekly'', "Stubblefield is one of the most sampled drummers in history, the man whose uncanny ability to deconstruct pop music's simple 4/4 rhythms into a thousand different sly syncopations laid the foundation not only for funk, but for most of hip-hop, as well."<ref name="cs-laweekly-jan2015" /> In 2013, Stubblefield and Starks received the Yamaha Legacy Award.<ref name="cs-groovemaster-2013" /><ref name="cs-yamaha-2013" /> In 2004, he received the lifetime achievement award at the Madison Area Music Awards.<ref name="cs-mama-2004" /> In 2000, he was inducted into the ] hall of fame.<ref name="cs-wami-2000" /> In 1990 he was named drummer of the year by '']'' magazine, and in 2016 the magazine named Stubblefield and Starks the sixth best drummer of all time.<ref name="cs-famusbook-2003" /><ref name="cs-rstones-2016" /> A set of Stubblefield's autographed drum-sticks are in the ].<ref name="cs-famusbook-2003" />


] rapper ] paid tribute to Stubblefield in his song "Good Old Clyde".<ref name="cs-hiphopbook-2015" /> Hip hop artist ] of ] rhymes "I'm cooler than Clyde Stubblefield, drummer for James" in the song "Stay Cool".<ref name="cs-bbc-roots-2004" /> According to ], drummer of The Roots, Stubblefield is the one "who defined funk music."<ref name="cs-nytimes-2011" /> ] said of Stubblefield's impact on hip-hop, "It was a style of repetition that was emulated as opposed to just the actual sound. You know, holding it there, and keeping steady with the vamp."<ref name="cs-chuckd2017" /> Drummer ] credits Stubblefield for inventing the vocabulary of funk drumming. Garibaldi singles out the drumming on "]" as the "sign of a genius".<ref name="cs-moderndrummer-aug2017" /><ref name="jj-musipolitix-2021" /> According to ], drummer of ], Stubblefield is the one "who defined funk music."<ref name="cs-nytimes-2011" /> ] said of Stubblefield's impact on hip-hop, "It was a style of repetition that was emulated as opposed to just the actual sound. You know, holding it there, and keeping steady with the vamp."<ref name="cs-chuckd2017" /> ] rapper ] paid tribute to Stubblefield in his song "Good Old Clyde".<ref name="cs-hiphopbook-2015" /> Hip hop artist ] of The Roots rhymes "I'm cooler than Clyde Stubblefield, drummer for James" in the song "Stay Cool".<ref name="cs-bbc-roots-2004" />


] of '']'' writes: "on songs like 'Cold Sweat' and 'Mother Popcorn' he perfected a light-touch style filled with the off-kilter syncopations sometimes called ]."<ref name="cs-nytimes-2011" /> According to ], "the grooves the two drummers (Stubblefield and Starks) created have inspired generations of artists — not just in funk, but in hip-hop, where their steady but intricate patterns make natural material for sampling."<ref name="cs-npr-2015" /> In 2017, Stubblefield accepted an honorary doctorate of fine arts from the ], which was conferred posthumously.<ref name="cs-uw-feb2017" /><ref name="cs-uw-degreelist" /><ref name="cs-uw-degreepolicy" /> ] of '']'' writes: "On songs like 'Cold Sweat' and 'Mother Popcorn' perfected a light-touch style filled with the off-kilter syncopations sometimes called ]s."<ref name="cs-nytimes-2011" /> According to ], "the grooves created have inspired generations of artists — not just in funk, but in hip-hop, where their steady but intricate patterns make natural material for sampling."<ref name="cs-npr-2015" /> In 2017, Stubblefield accepted an honorary doctorate of fine arts from the ], which was conferred posthumously.<ref name="cs-uw-feb2017" /><ref name="cs-uw-degreelist" /><ref name="cs-uw-degreepolicy" />


==Death== ==Death==
Stubblefield died on February 18, 2017, from kidney failure.<ref name="cs-captimes-2017" /><ref name="cs-billboard-2017" /> He survived cancer in 2000 and coped with kidney disease since 2002.<ref name="cs-prince-wsj" /><ref name="cs-nytimes-2011" /> Pop icon ], who considered Stubblefield a drumming idol, was a major financial supporter and had paid for about $80,000 of the drummer's health care costs, it was disclosed in 2016, since Stubblefield had no health insurance.<ref name="cs-prince-wsj" /><ref name="cs-rollingstone-2017" /> Stubblefield was survived by his wife Jody Hannon.<ref name="cs-billboard-2017" /> Stubblefield died on February 18, 2017, from kidney failure.<ref name="cs-captimes-2017" /><ref name="cs-billboard-2017" /> He survived cancer in 2000 and coped with kidney disease since 2002.<ref name="cs-prince-wsj" /><ref name="cs-nytimes-2011" /> In 2016, it was reported pop icon ], who deeply admired Stubblefield, paid about $80,000 of the drummer's medical costs.<ref name="cs-prince-wsj" /><ref name="cs-rollingstone-2017" /> Stubblefield was survived by his wife Jody Hannon.<ref name="cs-billboard-2017" />


==Quotations== ==Quotations==
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===As leader=== ===As leader===
* ''The Revenge of the Funky Drummer'' (1997) * ''The Revenge of the Funky Drummer'' (1997)
* ''The Original Funky Drummer Breakbeat Album'' (2002) * ''The Original Funky Drummer Breakbeat Album'' (1998)
* ''The Original'' (2003) * ''The Original'' (2003)


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===As sideman=== ===As sideman===
{{Expand list|date=November 2016}}
'''With ]''' '''With ]'''
* ''Funk for Your Ass'' (2008)<ref name="cs-ffya-2008" /> * ''Funk for Your Ass'' (2008)<ref name="cs-ffya-2008" />
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'''With ]''' '''With ]'''
*''Puttin' in Time on Planet Earth'' (Blue Thumb, 1973)
*'']'' (Blue Thumb, 1974) *'']'' (Blue Thumb, 1974)


'''With ]''' '''With ]'''
*''] (1995) *'']'' (1995)<ref name="cs-manson-interview" />


==Instructional videos== ==Instructional videos==
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{{reflist|30em|refs= {{reflist|30em|refs=


<ref name="cs-bio-am">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/clyde-stubblefield-mn0000132163/biography|title=Allmusic: Clyde Stubblefield - Biography|author=Chris Kelsey|publisher=Allmusic.com|accessdate=March 22, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170221030025/http://www.allmusic.com/artist/clyde-stubblefield-mn0000132163/biography|archivedate=February 21, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-bio-am">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/clyde-stubblefield-mn0000132163/biography|title=Allmusic: Clyde Stubblefield - Biography|author=Chris Kelsey|publisher=Allmusic.com|access-date=March 22, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170221030025/http://www.allmusic.com/artist/clyde-stubblefield-mn0000132163/biography|archive-date=February 21, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-amoeblog-2010">{{cite web|url=http://www.amoeba.com/blog/2010/06/jamoeblog/the-track-that-built-hip-hop-james-brown-band-s-clyde-stubblefield-s-funky-drummer.html|title=The Track That Built Hip-Hop: James Brown Band's Clyde Stubblefield's Funky Drummer|author=Billy Jam|publisher=Amoeblog|date=June 14, 2010|accessdate=March 22, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006193048/http://www.amoeba.com/blog/2010/06/jamoeblog/the-track-that-built-hip-hop-james-brown-band-s-clyde-stubblefield-s-funky-drummer.html|archivedate=October 6, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="cs-amoeblog-2010">{{cite web|url=http://www.amoeba.com/blog/2010/06/jamoeblog/the-track-that-built-hip-hop-james-brown-band-s-clyde-stubblefield-s-funky-drummer.html|title=The Track That Built Hip-Hop: James Brown Band's Clyde Stubblefield's Funky Drummer|author=Billy Jam|publisher=Amoeblog|date=June 14, 2010|access-date=March 22, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006193048/http://www.amoeba.com/blog/2010/06/jamoeblog/the-track-that-built-hip-hop-james-brown-band-s-clyde-stubblefield-s-funky-drummer.html|archive-date=October 6, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-nytimes-2011">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/30/arts/music/clyde-stubblefield-a-drummer-aims-for-royalties.html|title=Living Legend Tries to Make a Living|newspaper=The New York Times|author=Ben Sisario|date=March 29, 2011|accessdate=March 22, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110406164058/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/30/arts/music/clyde-stubblefield-a-drummer-aims-for-royalties.html|archivedate=April 6, 2011|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-nytimes-2011">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/30/arts/music/clyde-stubblefield-a-drummer-aims-for-royalties.html|title=Living Legend Tries to Make a Living|newspaper=The New York Times|author=Ben Sisario|date=March 29, 2011|access-date=March 22, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110406164058/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/30/arts/music/clyde-stubblefield-a-drummer-aims-for-royalties.html|archive-date=April 6, 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-wired-2010">{{cite web|url=https://www.wired.com/2010/01/copyright-criminals/|title=Copyright Criminals Charts Hip-Hop's Cultural, Legal Influence|author=Scott Thill|publisher=wired.com|date=January 19, 2010|accessdate=June 29, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305155543/http://www.wired.com/2010/01/copyright-criminals/|archivedate=March 5, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-wired-2010">{{cite web|url=https://www.wired.com/2010/01/copyright-criminals/|title=Copyright Criminals Charts Hip-Hop's Cultural, Legal Influence|author=Scott Thill|publisher=wired.com|date=January 19, 2010|access-date=June 29, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305155543/http://www.wired.com/2010/01/copyright-criminals/|archive-date=March 5, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-dworld-bio">{{cite web|url=http://www.drummerworld.com/drummers/Clyde_Stubblefield.html|title=Clyde Stubblefield, The World most sampled Drummer!|publisher=Drummerworld|accessdate=March 22, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150314232919/http://drummerworld.com/drummers/Clyde_Stubblefield.html|archivedate=March 14, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-dworld-bio">{{cite web|url=http://www.drummerworld.com/drummers/Clyde_Stubblefield.html|title=Clyde Stubblefield, The World most sampled Drummer!|publisher=Drummerworld|access-date=March 22, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150314232919/http://drummerworld.com/drummers/Clyde_Stubblefield.html|archive-date=March 14, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-npr-2015">{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2015/01/05/374818384/the-original-funky-drummers-on-life-with-james-brown|title=The Original Funky Drummers On Life With James Brown|publisher=NPR Music|date=January 5, 2015|accessdate=March 24, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150131031722/http://www.npr.org/2015/01/05/374818384/the-original-funky-drummers-on-life-with-james-brown|archivedate=January 31, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-npr-2015">{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2015/01/05/374818384/the-original-funky-drummers-on-life-with-james-brown|title=The Original Funky Drummers On Life With James Brown|publisher=NPR Music|date=January 5, 2015|access-date=March 24, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150131031722/http://www.npr.org/2015/01/05/374818384/the-original-funky-drummers-on-life-with-james-brown|archive-date=January 31, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-paste-2014">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.pastemagazine.com/articles/2014/10/james-brown-mr-dynamite-comes-to-life-in-new-doc.html|title=James Brown: An Oral History From His Bandmates|author=Michael Dunaway|magazine=Paste magazine|date=October 21, 2014|accessdate=February 21, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709001119/https://www.pastemagazine.com/articles/2014/10/james-brown-mr-dynamite-comes-to-life-in-new-doc.html|archivedate=July 9, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-paste-2014">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.pastemagazine.com/articles/2014/10/james-brown-mr-dynamite-comes-to-life-in-new-doc.html|title=James Brown: An Oral History From His Bandmates|author=Michael Dunaway|magazine=Paste magazine|date=October 21, 2014|access-date=February 21, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170709001119/https://www.pastemagazine.com/articles/2014/10/james-brown-mr-dynamite-comes-to-life-in-new-doc.html|archive-date=July 9, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-famusbook-2003">{{cite book|author=Susan Masino|title=Famous Wisconsin Musicians|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CQiOWL9N9moC&pg=PA67|year=2003|publisher=Badger Books|isbn=9781878569882|pages=67–71|accessdate=March 23, 2015}}</ref> <ref name="cs-famusbook-2003">{{cite book|author=Susan Masino|title=Famous Wisconsin Musicians|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CQiOWL9N9moC&pg=PA67|year=2003|publisher=Badger Books|isbn=9781878569882|pages=67–71|access-date=March 23, 2015}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-prince-wsj">{{cite news|url=http://host.madison.com/wsj/entertainment/music/family-prince-paid-off-medical-bills-for-madison-s-funky/article_7d29f672-6a56-56d5-99ed-504a715778cd.html |title=Family: Prince paid off medical bills for Madison's 'Funky Drummer,' Clyde Stubblefield|author=Gayle Worland|newspaper=Wisconsin State Journal|date=April 27, 2016|accessdate=April 27, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505012205/http://host.madison.com/wsj/entertainment/music/family-prince-paid-off-medical-bills-for-madison-s-funky/article_7d29f672-6a56-56d5-99ed-504a715778cd.html|archivedate=May 5, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-prince-wsj">{{cite news|url=http://host.madison.com/wsj/entertainment/music/family-prince-paid-off-medical-bills-for-madison-s-funky/article_7d29f672-6a56-56d5-99ed-504a715778cd.html |title=Family: Prince paid off medical bills for Madison's 'Funky Drummer,' Clyde Stubblefield|author=Gayle Worland|newspaper=Wisconsin State Journal|date=April 27, 2016|access-date=April 27, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505012205/http://host.madison.com/wsj/entertainment/music/family-prince-paid-off-medical-bills-for-madison-s-funky/article_7d29f672-6a56-56d5-99ed-504a715778cd.html|archive-date=May 5, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-isthmus-2011">{{cite news|url=http://www.isthmus.com/music/clyde-stubblefields-funky-farewell/|title=Clyde Stubblefield's funky farewell|author=David Medaris|newspaper=Isthmus.com|date=April 28, 2011 |accessdate=March 24, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513150500/http://isthmus.com/music/clyde-stubblefields-funky-farewell/|archivedate=May 13, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-isthmus-2011">{{cite news|url=http://www.isthmus.com/music/clyde-stubblefields-funky-farewell/|title=Clyde Stubblefield's funky farewell|author=David Medaris|newspaper=Isthmus.com|date=April 28, 2011 |access-date=March 24, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160513150500/http://isthmus.com/music/clyde-stubblefields-funky-farewell/|archive-date=May 13, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-band-broadjam">{{cite web|url=http://www.broadjam.com/artists/bio.php?artistID=43203|title=The Clyde Stubblefield Band|publisher=broadjam.com|accessdate=March 24, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150325030529/http://www.broadjam.com/artists/bio.php?artistID=43203|archivedate=March 25, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-band-broadjam">{{cite web|url=http://www.broadjam.com/artists/bio.php?artistID=43203|title=The Clyde Stubblefield Band|publisher=broadjam.com|access-date=March 24, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150325030529/http://www.broadjam.com/artists/bio.php?artistID=43203|archive-date=March 25, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-isthmus2-2011">{{cite news|url=http://www.isthmus.com/archive/from-the-archives/clyde-stubblefield-the-hardest-working-man-in-madison/|title= Clyde Stubblefield: The hardest-working man in Madison|author=Tom Laskin|newspaper=Isthmus.com|date=April 7, 2011|orig-year=First published August 9, 1991|accessdate=April 2, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403015251/http://www.isthmus.com/archive/from-the-archives/clyde-stubblefield-the-hardest-working-man-in-madison/|archivedate=April 3, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-isthmus2-2011">{{cite news|url=http://www.isthmus.com/archive/from-the-archives/clyde-stubblefield-the-hardest-working-man-in-madison/|title= Clyde Stubblefield: The hardest-working man in Madison|author=Tom Laskin|newspaper=Isthmus.com|date=April 7, 2011|orig-year=First published August 9, 1991|access-date=April 2, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403015251/http://www.isthmus.com/archive/from-the-archives/clyde-stubblefield-the-hardest-working-man-in-madison/|archive-date=April 3, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-sfweekly-2012">{{cite web|url=http://www.sfweekly.com/shookdown/2012/11/02/clyde-stubblefield-the-funky-drummer-on-playing-with-james-brown-and-getting-sampled-by-hip-hop-greats|title=Clyde Stubblefield, the "Funky Drummer," on Playing With James Brown and Getting Sampled By Hip-Hop|author=Ian S. Port|publisher=sfweekly.com|date=November 2, 2012|accessdate=April 2, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403014615/http://www.sfweekly.com/shookdown/2012/11/02/clyde-stubblefield-the-funky-drummer-on-playing-with-james-brown-and-getting-sampled-by-hip-hop-greats|archivedate=April 3, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-sfweekly-2012">{{cite web|url=http://www.sfweekly.com/shookdown/2012/11/02/clyde-stubblefield-the-funky-drummer-on-playing-with-james-brown-and-getting-sampled-by-hip-hop-greats|title=Clyde Stubblefield, the "Funky Drummer," on Playing With James Brown and Getting Sampled By Hip-Hop|author=Ian S. Port|publisher=sfweekly.com|date=November 2, 2012|access-date=April 2, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403014615/http://www.sfweekly.com/shookdown/2012/11/02/clyde-stubblefield-the-funky-drummer-on-playing-with-james-brown-and-getting-sampled-by-hip-hop-greats|archive-date=April 3, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-am-bringfunk">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/bring-the-funk-on-down-mw0000213004|title=Allmusic: The J.B.’s - Bring the Funk on Down|publisher=Allmusic.com|date=February 12, 2002|accessdate=April 2, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150711124032/http://www.allmusic.com/album/bring-the-funk-on-down-mw0000213004|archivedate=July 11, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-am-bringfunk">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/bring-the-funk-on-down-mw0000213004|title=Allmusic: The J.B.'s - Bring the Funk on Down|publisher=Allmusic.com|date=February 12, 2002|access-date=April 2, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150711124032/http://www.allmusic.com/album/bring-the-funk-on-down-mw0000213004|archive-date=July 11, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-aaj-feb2015">{{cite magazine|url=http://www.allaboutjazz.com/clyde-stubblefield-samples-of-funk-by-ben-scholz.php|title=Clyde Stubblefield: Samples of Funk|author=Ben Scholz|magazine=All About Jazz|date=February 25, 2015|accessdate=March 30, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304081750/http://www.allaboutjazz.com/clyde-stubblefield-samples-of-funk-by-ben-scholz.php|archivedate=March 4, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-aaj-feb2015">{{cite magazine|url=http://www.allaboutjazz.com/clyde-stubblefield-samples-of-funk-by-ben-scholz.php|title=Clyde Stubblefield: Samples of Funk|author=Ben Scholz|magazine=All About Jazz|date=February 25, 2015|access-date=March 30, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304081750/http://www.allaboutjazz.com/clyde-stubblefield-samples-of-funk-by-ben-scholz.php|archive-date=March 4, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-soloalbum1997-am">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-revenge-of-the-funky-drummer-mw0000039377|title=Allmusic: Clyde Stubblefield - The Revenge of the Funky Drummer |publisher=Allmusic.com|date=1997|accessdate=March 22, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151122214122/http://www.allmusic.com/album/the-revenge-of-the-funky-drummer-mw0000039377|archivedate=November 22, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-soloalbum1997-am">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-revenge-of-the-funky-drummer-mw0000039377|title=Allmusic: Clyde Stubblefield - The Revenge of the Funky Drummer |publisher=Allmusic.com|date=1997|access-date=March 22, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151122214122/http://www.allmusic.com/album/the-revenge-of-the-funky-drummer-mw0000039377|archive-date=November 22, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-bbeat-am">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-original-funky-drummer-breakbeat-album-mw0001483383|title=Allmusic: Clyde Stubblefield - The Original Funky Drummer Breakbeat Album|website=Allmusic |date=July 15, 2002|accessdate=November 20, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314033248/http://www.allmusic.com/album/the-original-funky-drummer-breakbeat-album-mw0001483383|archivedate=March 14, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-bbeat-am">{{cite web|url=https://music.apple.com/us/album/the-original-funky-drummer-breakbeat-album/1155539843|title=Apple music: Clyde Stubblefield - The Original Funky Drummer Breakbeat Album|website=Apple music|date=1998|access-date=June 8, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240608173124/https://music.apple.com/us/album/the-original-funky-drummer-breakbeat-album/1155539843|archive-date=June 8, 2024|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-original-am">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-original-mw0000329700|title=Allmusic: Clyde Stubblefield - The Original |website=Allmusic|date=November 25, 2003|accessdate=April 2, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314095041/http://www.allmusic.com/album/the-original-mw0000329700|archivedate=March 14, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-original-am">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-original-mw0000329700|title=Allmusic: Clyde Stubblefield - The Original |website=Allmusic|date=November 25, 2003|access-date=April 2, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314095041/http://www.allmusic.com/album/the-original-mw0000329700|archive-date=March 14, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-original-albumnotes">{{cite web|url=http://www.cdbaby.com/cd/stubblefieldc#cphContent_divAlbumNotes|title=CDBaby: The Original - Album Notes|publisher=cdbaby.com|date=2003|accessdate=April 2, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090301214218/http://cdbaby.com/cd/stubblefieldc|archivedate=March 1, 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="cs-original-albumnotes">{{cite web|url=http://www.cdbaby.com/cd/stubblefieldc#cphContent_divAlbumNotes|title=CDBaby: The Original - Album Notes|publisher=cdbaby.com|date=2003|access-date=April 2, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090301214218/http://cdbaby.com/cd/stubblefieldc|archive-date=March 1, 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-findgroove-am">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/find-the-groove-mw0000506127|title=Allmusic: Funkmasters - Find the Groove|publisher=Allmusic.com|date=2001|accessdate=March 22, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222174216/http://www.allmusic.com/album/find-the-groove-mw0000506127|archivedate=December 22, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-findgroove-am">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/find-the-groove-mw0000506127|title=Allmusic: Funkmasters - Find the Groove|publisher=Allmusic.com|date=2001|access-date=March 22, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222174216/http://www.allmusic.com/album/find-the-groove-mw0000506127|archive-date=December 22, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cd-summathis-am">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/come-get-summa-this-mw0001262368|title=Allmusic: Funkmasters - Come Get Summa This|publisher=Allmusic.com|date=May 17, 2006|accessdate=March 22, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222175033/http://www.allmusic.com/album/come-get-summa-this-mw0001262368|archivedate=December 22, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cd-summathis-am">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/come-get-summa-this-mw0001262368|title=Allmusic: Funkmasters - Come Get Summa This|publisher=Allmusic.com|date=May 17, 2006|access-date=March 22, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222175033/http://www.allmusic.com/album/come-get-summa-this-mw0001262368|archive-date=December 22, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-instvideo-1999">{{cite web|url=http://www.halleonard.com/product/viewproduct.do?itemid=320374&menuid=383&subsiteid=2&|title=Clyde Stubblefield & John "Jab'o" Starks – Soul of the Funky Drummers|publisher=Hal Leonard Corp.|isbn=9780634059919|date=1999|accessdate=March 24, 2015|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20131223034835/http://www.halleonard.com/product/viewproduct.do?itemid=320374&menuid=383&subsiteid=2&|archivedate=December 23, 2013|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-instvideo-1999">{{cite book|url=http://www.halleonard.com/product/viewproduct.do?itemid=320374&menuid=383&subsiteid=2&|title=Clyde Stubblefield & John "Jab'o" Starks – Soul of the Funky Drummers|publisher=Hal Leonard Corp.|isbn=9780634059919|date=1999|access-date=March 24, 2015|archive-url=https://archive.today/20131223034835/http://www.halleonard.com/product/viewproduct.do?itemid=320374&menuid=383&subsiteid=2&|archive-date=December 23, 2013|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-tributeshow-2007">{{cite web|url=http://www.cincygroove.com/?p=6395|title=Show Review – James Brown Tribute Show 12/22/07|author=Scott Preston|publisher=cincygroove.com|date=December 22, 2007|accessdate=March 22, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302045334/http://www.cincygroove.com/?p=6395|archivedate=March 2, 2012|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-tributeshow-2007">{{cite web|url=http://www.cincygroove.com/?p=6395|title=Show Review – James Brown Tribute Show 12/22/07|author=Scott Preston|publisher=cincygroove.com|date=December 22, 2007|access-date=March 22, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302045334/http://www.cincygroove.com/?p=6395|archive-date=March 2, 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-ffya-2008">{{cite web|url=http://www.discogs.com/Fred-Wesley-featuring-Jabo-Starks-Clyde-Stubblefield-with-Bootsy-Collins-Funk-For-Your-Ass-A-Tribute/release/1884224|title=Funk For Your Ass (A Tribute To The Godfather Of Soul) |publisher=Discogs.com|date=May 28, 2008|accessdate=March 22, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100210005814/http://www.discogs.com/Fred-Wesley-featuring-Jabo-Starks-Clyde-Stubblefield-with-Bootsy-Collins-Funk-For-Your-Ass-A-Tribute/release/1884224|archivedate=February 10, 2010|url-status=live}}(Fred Wesley featuring Jab'o Starks & Clyde Stubblefield with Bootsy Collins)</ref> <ref name="cs-ffya-2008">{{cite web|url=http://www.discogs.com/Fred-Wesley-featuring-Jabo-Starks-Clyde-Stubblefield-with-Bootsy-Collins-Funk-For-Your-Ass-A-Tribute/release/1884224|title=Funk For Your Ass (A Tribute To The Godfather Of Soul) |publisher=Discogs.com|date=May 28, 2008|access-date=March 22, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100210005814/http://www.discogs.com/Fred-Wesley-featuring-Jabo-Starks-Clyde-Stubblefield-with-Bootsy-Collins-Funk-For-Your-Ass-A-Tribute/release/1884224|archive-date=February 10, 2010|url-status=live}}(Fred Wesley featuring Jab'o Starks & Clyde Stubblefield with Bootsy Collins)</ref>


<ref name="cs-toon-2008">{{cite web|url=http://www.toontrack.com/news.asp?id=138|title=Toontrack Music announces the release of the Funkmasters EZX|publisher=Toontrack|date=November 6, 2008|accessdate=March 24, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090201000339/http://www.toontrack.com/news.asp?id=138|archivedate=February 1, 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="cs-toon-2008">{{cite web|url=http://www.toontrack.com/news.asp?id=138|title=Toontrack Music announces the release of the Funkmasters EZX|publisher=Toontrack|date=November 6, 2008|access-date=March 24, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090201000339/http://www.toontrack.com/news.asp?id=138|archive-date=February 1, 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-madison-jul2009">{{cite news|url=http://host.madison.com/news/battling-the-blues-he-beat-cancer-but-now-r-b/article_cfad7c61-c97d-55ce-99ea-398b6d9945bb.html|title=Battling the Blues He Beat Cancer, But Now R&B Legend Clyde Stubblefield Needs a New Kidney|author=Tom Alesia|newspaper=Wisconsin State Journal|date=July 28, 2009|accessdate=March 30, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161121014145/http://host.madison.com/news/battling-the-blues-he-beat-cancer-but-now-r-b/article_cfad7c61-c97d-55ce-99ea-398b6d9945bb.html|archivedate=November 21, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-madison-jul2009">{{cite news|url=http://host.madison.com/news/battling-the-blues-he-beat-cancer-but-now-r-b/article_cfad7c61-c97d-55ce-99ea-398b6d9945bb.html|title=Battling the Blues He Beat Cancer, But Now R&B Legend Clyde Stubblefield Needs a New Kidney|author=Tom Alesia|newspaper=Wisconsin State Journal|date=July 28, 2009|access-date=March 30, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161121014145/http://host.madison.com/news/battling-the-blues-he-beat-cancer-but-now-r-b/article_cfad7c61-c97d-55ce-99ea-398b6d9945bb.html|archive-date=November 21, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-vicfirth-2010">{{cite web|url=http://www.vicfirth.com/exchange/2010/09/09/where-old-school-meets-new-the-timeless-rhythm-of-clyde-stubblefield/|title=Where Old School Meets New – The Timeless Rhythm of Clyde Stubblefield|author=David Stanoch|publisher=vicfirth.com|date=September 9, 2010|accessdate=March 30, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009012413/http://www.vicfirth.com/exchange/2010/09/09/where-old-school-meets-new-the-timeless-rhythm-of-clyde-stubblefield/|archivedate=October 9, 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="cs-vicfirth-2010">{{cite web|url=http://www.vicfirth.com/exchange/2010/09/09/where-old-school-meets-new-the-timeless-rhythm-of-clyde-stubblefield/|title=Where Old School Meets New – The Timeless Rhythm of Clyde Stubblefield|author=David Stanoch|publisher=vicfirth.com|date=September 9, 2010|access-date=March 30, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009012413/http://www.vicfirth.com/exchange/2010/09/09/where-old-school-meets-new-the-timeless-rhythm-of-clyde-stubblefield/|archive-date=October 9, 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-moderndrummer-2007">{{cite web|url=http://www.moderndrummer.com/site/2007/05/clyde-stubblefield/#_|title=Clyde Stubblefield|author=Kevin Kearns|work=Modern Drummer magazine|date=May 18, 2007|accessdate=March 22, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120307152411/http://www.moderndrummer.com/site/2007/05/clyde-stubblefield#.VQ9JP-FM9F4|archivedate=March 7, 2012|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-moderndrummer-2007">{{cite web|url=http://www.moderndrummer.com/site/2007/05/clyde-stubblefield/#_|title=Clyde Stubblefield|author=Kevin Kearns|work=Modern Drummer magazine|date=May 18, 2007|access-date=March 22, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120307152411/http://www.moderndrummer.com/site/2007/05/clyde-stubblefield#.VQ9JP-FM9F4|archive-date=March 7, 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-confreaks-2012">{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b1qx5hm8HbA#t=15m14s|title=Madison Ruby 2012 - Clyde Stubblefield |publisher=youtube.com, Confreaks channel |date=July 30, 2015|accessdate=February 19, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170220005732/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b1qx5hm8HbA|archivedate=February 20, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-confreaks-2012">{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b1qx5hm8HbA#t=15m14s|title=Madison Ruby 2012 - Clyde Stubblefield |publisher=youtube.com, Confreaks channel |date=July 30, 2015|access-date=February 19, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170220005732/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b1qx5hm8HbA|archive-date=February 20, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-imdb-2011">{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1870860/|title=IMDb: Late Night with Jimmy Fallon – Episode 3.50|publisher=IMDb.com|date=March 29, 2011|accessdate=March 31, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150401014951/http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1870860/|archivedate=April 1, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-imdb-2011">{{cite web|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1870860/|title=IMDb: Late Night with Jimmy Fallon – Episode 3.50|publisher=IMDb.com|date=March 29, 2011|access-date=March 31, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150401014951/http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1870860/|archive-date=April 1, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-rubycon-2012">{{cite web|url=http://confreaks.tv/videos/madisonruby2012-clyde-stubblefield|title=Madison Ruby 2012 – Clyde Stubblefield|publisher=Confreaks.tv|accessdate=February 25, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160414123625/http://confreaks.tv/videos/madisonruby2012-clyde-stubblefield|archivedate=April 14, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-rubycon-2012">{{cite web|url=http://confreaks.tv/videos/madisonruby2012-clyde-stubblefield|title=Madison Ruby 2012 – Clyde Stubblefield|publisher=Confreaks.tv|access-date=February 25, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160414123625/http://confreaks.tv/videos/madisonruby2012-clyde-stubblefield|archive-date=April 14, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-laweekly-jan2015">{{cite news|url=http://www.laweekly.com/music/the-20-best-drummers-of-all-time-5199372|title=The 20 Best Drummers of All Time|newspaper=LA Weekly|date=November 11, 2014|accessdate=March 23, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150112234957/http://www.laweekly.com/music/the-20-best-drummers-of-all-time-5199372|archivedate=January 12, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-laweekly-jan2015">{{cite news|url=http://www.laweekly.com/music/the-20-best-drummers-of-all-time-5199372|title=The 20 Best Drummers of All Time|newspaper=LA Weekly|date=November 11, 2014|access-date=March 23, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150112234957/http://www.laweekly.com/music/the-20-best-drummers-of-all-time-5199372|archive-date=January 12, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-groovemaster-2013">{{cite news|url=http://host.madison.com/news/local/madison-s-groovemaster-still-center-stage/article_2031abb7-b079-5223-8a27-83e9a244803f.html|title=Madison's 'Groovemaster' still center stage|author=Gayle Worland|newspaper=Wisconsin State Journal|date=October 25, 2013|accessdate=March 22, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161127234525/http://host.madison.com/news/local/madison-s-groovemaster-still-center-stage/article_2031abb7-b079-5223-8a27-83e9a244803f.html|archivedate=November 27, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-groovemaster-2013">{{cite news|url=http://host.madison.com/news/local/madison-s-groovemaster-still-center-stage/article_2031abb7-b079-5223-8a27-83e9a244803f.html|title=Madison's 'Groovemaster' still center stage|author=Gayle Worland|newspaper=Wisconsin State Journal|date=October 25, 2013|access-date=March 22, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161127234525/http://host.madison.com/news/local/madison-s-groovemaster-still-center-stage/article_2031abb7-b079-5223-8a27-83e9a244803f.html|archive-date=November 27, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-yamaha-2013">{{cite web|url=http://usa.yamaha.com/news_events/drums/yamaha_honors_funky_drummers_starks/|title=Yamaha Honors Funky Drummers Starks And Stubblefield|publisher=usa.yamaha.com|date=December 12, 2013|accessdate=March 22, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808062320/http://usa.yamaha.com/news_events/drums/yamaha_honors_funky_drummers_starks/|archivedate=August 8, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="cs-yamaha-2013">{{cite web|url=http://usa.yamaha.com/news_events/drums/yamaha_honors_funky_drummers_starks/|title=Yamaha Honors Funky Drummers Starks And Stubblefield|publisher=usa.yamaha.com|date=December 12, 2013|access-date=March 22, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808062320/http://usa.yamaha.com/news_events/drums/yamaha_honors_funky_drummers_starks/|archive-date=August 8, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-mama-2004">{{cite web|url=http://themamas.org/awards/?p=426|title=Tickets On Sale Now for the 12th Annual MAMAs Awards!|publisher=Madison Area Music Association|date=2015|accessdate=May 28, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160528144443/http://themamas.org/awards/?p=426|archivedate=May 28, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-mama-2004">{{cite web|url=http://themamas.org/awards/?p=426|title=Tickets On Sale Now for the 12th Annual MAMAs Awards!|publisher=Madison Area Music Association|date=2015|access-date=May 28, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160528144443/http://themamas.org/awards/?p=426|archive-date=May 28, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-wami-2000">{{cite web|url=http://www.wami.org/awards.asp|title=2000 WAMI Winners|publisher=Wisconsin Area Music Industry|accessdate=March 23, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20001204170100/http://www.wami.org/awards.asp|archivedate=December 4, 2000|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name="cs-wami-2000">{{cite web|url=http://www.wami.org/awards.asp|title=2000 WAMI Winners|publisher=Wisconsin Area Music Industry|access-date=March 23, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20001204170100/http://www.wami.org/awards.asp|archive-date=December 4, 2000|url-status=dead}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-rstones-2016">{{cite news|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-greatest-drummers-of-all-time-20160331/clyde-stubblefield-and-john-jabo-starks-20160325|title=100 Greatest Drummers of All Time|newspaper=Rolling Stone|date=March 31, 2016|accessdate=May 4, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505015741/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-greatest-drummers-of-all-time-20160331/clyde-stubblefield-and-john-jabo-starks-20160325|archivedate=May 5, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-rstones-2016">{{cite news|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-greatest-drummers-of-all-time-20160331/clyde-stubblefield-and-john-jabo-starks-20160325|title=100 Greatest Drummers of All Time|newspaper=Rolling Stone|date=March 31, 2016|access-date=May 4, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505015741/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/lists/100-greatest-drummers-of-all-time-20160331/clyde-stubblefield-and-john-jabo-starks-20160325|archive-date=May 5, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-hiphopbook-2015">{{cite book|author=Justin A. Williams|title=The Cambridge Companion to Hip-Hop|series=]|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wkF5BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA229|year=2015|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9781107037465|page=229|accessdate=April 2, 2015}}</ref> <ref name="cs-hiphopbook-2015">{{cite book|author=Justin A. Williams|title=The Cambridge Companion to Hip-Hop|series=]|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wkF5BgAAQBAJ&pg=PA229|year=2015|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9781107037465|page=229|access-date=April 2, 2015}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-bbc-roots-2004">{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/reviews/4c9x|title=The Roots The Tipping Point Review|author=Jack Smith|publisher=BBC Music|date=2004|accessdate=March 23, 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110211215626/http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/reviews/4c9x|archivedate=February 11, 2011|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-bbc-roots-2004">{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/music/reviews/4c9x|title=The Roots The Tipping Point Review|author=Jack Smith|publisher=BBC Music|date=2004|access-date=March 23, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110211215626/http://www.bbc.co.uk/music/reviews/4c9x|archive-date=February 11, 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-captimes-2017">{{cite news|url=http://host.madison.com/ct/entertainment/music/madison-funk-music-legend-clyde-stubblefield-dies-at/article_1937a6e4-9959-5c4e-81e8-e1ad1c59caec.html|title=Madison funk music legend Clyde Stubblefield dies at 73 |author=Rob Thomas|newspaper=]|date=February 18, 2017|accessdate=February 19, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170220003851/http://host.madison.com/ct/entertainment/music/madison-funk-music-legend-clyde-stubblefield-dies-at/article_1937a6e4-9959-5c4e-81e8-e1ad1c59caec.html|archivedate=February 20, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-captimes-2017">{{cite news|url=http://host.madison.com/ct/entertainment/music/madison-funk-music-legend-clyde-stubblefield-dies-at/article_1937a6e4-9959-5c4e-81e8-e1ad1c59caec.html|title=Madison funk music legend Clyde Stubblefield dies at 73 |author=Rob Thomas|newspaper=]|date=February 18, 2017|access-date=February 19, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170220003851/http://host.madison.com/ct/entertainment/music/madison-funk-music-legend-clyde-stubblefield-dies-at/article_1937a6e4-9959-5c4e-81e8-e1ad1c59caec.html|archive-date=February 20, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-billboard-2017">{{cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/7694281/clyde-stubblefield-james-brown-funky-drummer-dies-at-73|title=Clyde Stubblefield, James Brown's 'Funky Drummer,' Dies at 73|publisher=billboard.com by Associated Press|date=February 18, 2017|accessdate=February 19, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170219014217/http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/7694281/clyde-stubblefield-james-brown-funky-drummer-dies-at-73|archivedate=February 19, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-billboard-2017">{{cite web|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/news/7694281/clyde-stubblefield-james-brown-funky-drummer-dies-at-73|title=Clyde Stubblefield, James Brown's 'Funky Drummer,' Dies at 73|publisher=billboard.com by Associated Press|date=February 18, 2017|access-date=February 19, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170219014217/http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/7694281/clyde-stubblefield-james-brown-funky-drummer-dies-at-73|archive-date=February 19, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-rollingstone-2017">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/clyde-stubblefield-james-browns-funky-drummer-dead-at-73-w467805|title=Clyde Stubblefield, James Brown's 'Funky Drummer,' Dead at 73|author=Daniel Kreps|magazine=Rolling Stone|date=February 18, 2017|accessdate=February 19, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170219013447/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/clyde-stubblefield-james-browns-funky-drummer-dead-at-73-w467805|archivedate=February 19, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-rollingstone-2017">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/clyde-stubblefield-james-browns-funky-drummer-dead-at-73-w467805|title=Clyde Stubblefield, James Brown's 'Funky Drummer,' Dead at 73|author=Daniel Kreps|magazine=Rolling Stone|date=February 18, 2017|access-date=February 19, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170219013447/http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/clyde-stubblefield-james-browns-funky-drummer-dead-at-73-w467805|archive-date=February 19, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-am-credits">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/clyde-stubblefield-mn0000132163/credits|title=Allmusic: Clyde Stubblefield – credits|publisher=Allmusic.com|accessdate=February 20, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170221015106/http://www.allmusic.com/artist/clyde-stubblefield-mn0000132163/credits|archivedate=February 21, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-am-credits">{{cite web|url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/clyde-stubblefield-mn0000132163/credits|title=Allmusic: Clyde Stubblefield – credits|publisher=Allmusic.com|access-date=February 20, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170221015106/http://www.allmusic.com/artist/clyde-stubblefield-mn0000132163/credits|archive-date=February 21, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-madison-feb2017">{{cite web|url=http://host.madison.com/news/local/obituaries/stubblefield-clyde-austin/article_77c42af3-3910-5f9c-81db-296f73857192.html|title=Stubblefield, Clyde Austin|publisher=Madison.com|date=February 21, 2017|accessdate=February 22, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170223024151/http://host.madison.com/news/local/obituaries/stubblefield-clyde-austin/article_77c42af3-3910-5f9c-81db-296f73857192.html|archivedate=February 23, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-madison-feb2017">{{cite web|url=http://host.madison.com/news/local/obituaries/stubblefield-clyde-austin/article_77c42af3-3910-5f9c-81db-296f73857192.html|title=Stubblefield, Clyde Austin|publisher=Madison.com|date=February 21, 2017|access-date=February 22, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170223024151/http://host.madison.com/news/local/obituaries/stubblefield-clyde-austin/article_77c42af3-3910-5f9c-81db-296f73857192.html|archive-date=February 23, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-ind-lens-module">{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/2332002713/|title=Theft or Tribute – Copyright Criminals Classroom Module – video|publisher=Independent Lens, PBS|date=February 4, 2013|accessdate=February 23, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161128200430/http://www.pbs.org/video/2332002713/|archivedate=November 28, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-ind-lens-module">{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/video/2332002713/|title=Theft or Tribute – Copyright Criminals Classroom Module – video|publisher=Independent Lens, PBS|date=February 4, 2013|access-date=February 23, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161128200430/http://www.pbs.org/video/2332002713/|archive-date=November 28, 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-uw-feb2017">{{cite web|url=http://news.wisc.edu/uw-madison-to-award-clyde-stubblefield-posthumous-honorary-degree/|title=UW to award Clyde Stubblefield posthumous honorary degree|author=Käri Knutson|publisher=University of Wisconsin-Madison|date=February 21, 2017|accessdate=February 26, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170223174845/http://news.wisc.edu/uw-madison-to-award-clyde-stubblefield-posthumous-honorary-degree/|archivedate=February 23, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-uw-feb2017">{{cite web|url=http://news.wisc.edu/uw-madison-to-award-clyde-stubblefield-posthumous-honorary-degree/|title=UW to award Clyde Stubblefield posthumous honorary degree|author=Käri Knutson|publisher=University of Wisconsin-Madison|date=February 21, 2017|access-date=February 26, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170223174845/http://news.wisc.edu/uw-madison-to-award-clyde-stubblefield-posthumous-honorary-degree/|archive-date=February 23, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-chuckd2017">{{cite web|url=https://hiphopdx.com/news/id.42506/title.chuck-d-reflects-on-clyde-stubblefields-impact-as-hip-hops-most-sampled-drummer|title=Chuck D Reflects on Clyde Stubblefield's Impact as Hip Hop's Most Sampled Drummer|author=Dana Scott|publisher=hiphopdx.com|date=February 25, 2017|accessdate=March 7, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170308022210/https://hiphopdx.com/news/id.42506/title.chuck-d-reflects-on-clyde-stubblefields-impact-as-hip-hops-most-sampled-drummer|archivedate=March 8, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-chuckd2017">{{cite web|url=https://hiphopdx.com/news/id.42506/title.chuck-d-reflects-on-clyde-stubblefields-impact-as-hip-hops-most-sampled-drummer|title=Chuck D Reflects on Clyde Stubblefield's Impact as Hip Hop's Most Sampled Drummer|author=Dana Scott|publisher=hiphopdx.com|date=February 25, 2017|access-date=March 7, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170308022210/https://hiphopdx.com/news/id.42506/title.chuck-d-reflects-on-clyde-stubblefields-impact-as-hip-hops-most-sampled-drummer|archive-date=March 8, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-scholar-isthmus2015">{{cite web|url=http://www.isthmus.com/music/give-the-drummer-some-clyde-stubblefield/|title=Give the drummer some|author=Bob Jacobson|publisher=Isthmus.com|date=September 10, 2015|accessdate=March 18, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925012000/http://www.isthmus.com/music/give-the-drummer-some-clyde-stubblefield/|archivedate=September 25, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-scholar-isthmus2015">{{cite web|url=http://www.isthmus.com/music/give-the-drummer-some-clyde-stubblefield/|title=Give the drummer some|author=Bob Jacobson|publisher=Isthmus.com|date=September 10, 2015|access-date=March 18, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925012000/http://www.isthmus.com/music/give-the-drummer-some-clyde-stubblefield/|archive-date=September 25, 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-scholar-wsj2017">{{cite news|url=http://host.madison.com/wsj/news/local/tributes-to-james-brown-funky-drummer-clyde-stubblefield-continue/article_0086afcb-439d-5538-b7c7-d204e2d84d9c.html|title=Tributes to James Brown 'funk drummer' Clyde Stubblefield continue|author=Gayle Worland|newspaper=Wisconsin State Journal|date=March 13, 2017|accessdate=March 18, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317162021/http://host.madison.com/wsj/news/local/tributes-to-james-brown-funky-drummer-clyde-stubblefield-continue/article_0086afcb-439d-5538-b7c7-d204e2d84d9c.html|archivedate=March 17, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-scholar-wsj2017">{{cite news|url=http://host.madison.com/wsj/news/local/tributes-to-james-brown-funky-drummer-clyde-stubblefield-continue/article_0086afcb-439d-5538-b7c7-d204e2d84d9c.html|title=Tributes to James Brown 'funk drummer' Clyde Stubblefield continue|author=Gayle Worland|newspaper=Wisconsin State Journal|date=March 13, 2017|access-date=March 18, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170317162021/http://host.madison.com/wsj/news/local/tributes-to-james-brown-funky-drummer-clyde-stubblefield-continue/article_0086afcb-439d-5538-b7c7-d204e2d84d9c.html|archive-date=March 17, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-uw-degreelist">{{cite web|url=https://secfac.wisc.edu/awards-lectures/honorary-degrees/recipients/ |title=Honorary Degree Recipients, 1856-2017 |publisher=University of Wisconsin-Madison |accessdate=December 9, 2017|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171210181558/https://secfac.wisc.edu/awards-lectures/honorary-degrees/recipients/|archivedate=December 10, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-uw-degreelist">{{cite web|url=https://secfac.wisc.edu/awards-lectures/honorary-degrees/recipients/ |title=Honorary Degree Recipients, 1856-2017 |publisher=University of Wisconsin-Madison |access-date=December 9, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171210181558/https://secfac.wisc.edu/awards-lectures/honorary-degrees/recipients/|archive-date=December 10, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-uw-degreepolicy">{{cite web|url=https://www.wisconsin.edu/regents/policies/honorary-doctorate-degrees/|title=Regent Policy Document 4-20|publisher=University of Wisconsin|accessdate=February 19, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181210020511/https://www.wisconsin.edu/regents/policies/honorary-doctorate-degrees/|archivedate=December 10, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-uw-degreepolicy">{{cite web|url=https://www.wisconsin.edu/regents/policies/honorary-doctorate-degrees/|title=Regent Policy Document 4-20|date=15 December 2016 |publisher=University of Wisconsin|access-date=February 19, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181210020511/https://www.wisconsin.edu/regents/policies/honorary-doctorate-degrees/|archive-date=December 10, 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-workshop-video">{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OMj9wwO1yT4#t=14s|title=Clyde Stubblefield – Funk Thing|publisher=Funkdrumm channel, youtube.com, excerpts from the video workshop series: Soul of the Funky Drummers|date=June 27, 2012|accessdate=February 27, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170910190121/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OMj9wwO1yT4|archivedate=September 10, 2017|url-status=live|quote=If I think of something, like I might think of (...) if I can hum it, I can play it.}}</ref> <ref name="cs-workshop-video">{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OMj9wwO1yT4#t=14s|title=Clyde Stubblefield – Funk Thing|publisher=Funkdrumm channel, youtube.com, excerpts from the video workshop series: Soul of the Funky Drummers|date=June 27, 2012|access-date=February 27, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170910190121/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OMj9wwO1yT4|archive-date=September 10, 2017|url-status=live|quote=If I think of something, like I might think of (...) if I can hum it, I can play it.}}</ref>


<ref name="cs-salon-2019">{{cite web|url=https://www.salon.com/2019/02/18/funky-drummer-clyde-stubblefield-keeper-of-james-browns-beat-never-truly-got-his-due/|title='Funky Drummer' Clyde Stubblefield, keeper of James Brown's beat, never truly got his due|author=D. Leah Steinberg|publisher=salon.com|date=February 18, 2019|accessdate=March 16, 2019|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190308042031/https://www.salon.com/2019/02/18/funky-drummer-clyde-stubblefield-keeper-of-james-browns-beat-never-truly-got-his-due/|archivedate=March 8, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name="cs-salon-2019">{{cite web|url=https://www.salon.com/2019/02/18/funky-drummer-clyde-stubblefield-keeper-of-james-browns-beat-never-truly-got-his-due/|title='Funky Drummer' Clyde Stubblefield, keeper of James Brown's beat, never truly got his due|author=D. Leah Steinberg|work=salon.com|date=February 18, 2019|access-date=March 16, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190308042031/https://www.salon.com/2019/02/18/funky-drummer-clyde-stubblefield-keeper-of-james-browns-beat-never-truly-got-his-due/|archive-date=March 8, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name="cs-moderndrummer-aug2017">{{cite web|url=https://www.moderndrummer.com/article/august-2017-clyde-stubblefield-remembered/|title=Clyde Stubblefield Remembered|author1=Jim Payne|author2=David Stanoch|work=Modern Drummer magazine|date=August 2017|access-date=November 4, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190222042943/https://www.moderndrummer.com/article/august-2017-clyde-stubblefield-remembered/|archive-date=February 22, 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

<ref name="jj-musipolitix-2021">{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GVVGU0c63j4#t=20m40s|title= Give the Drummer Some, a #MUSiPOLiTiX Tribute to Clyde Stubblefield – video, time 20:40|author=Dan Neuman|via=YouTube|date=May 5, 2021|access-date=November 4, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211105011151/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GVVGU0c63j4|archive-date=November 5, 2021|url-status=live|quote=The language that we use he invented that. (David Garibaldi, time 21:39)}}</ref>

<ref name="cs-manson-interview">{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3GhhnO3KxRM&t=837s|title=Garbage's Shirley Manson on '20 Years Queer' – interview|publisher=Q with Tom Power podcast|date=October 29, 2015|via=YouTube|access-date=September 17, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230408024606/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3GhhnO3KxRM|archive-date=April 8, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref>


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* {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070103030650/http://www.funky-stuff.com/drummers/Interviews.htm |date=January 3, 2007 |title=Stubblefield & Starks – ''Modern Drummer'' interview }} * {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070103030650/http://www.funky-stuff.com/drummers/Interviews.htm |date=January 3, 2007 |title=Stubblefield & Starks – ''Modern Drummer'' interview }}
⚫ * , at ''Modern Drummer'', includes transcription of "]"
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Latest revision as of 17:47, 8 June 2024

American drummer
Clyde Stubblefield
Stubblefield performing in 2005Stubblefield performing in 2005
Background information
Birth nameClyde Austin Stubblefield
Born(1943-04-18)April 18, 1943
Chattanooga, Tennessee, U.S.
DiedFebruary 18, 2017(2017-02-18) (aged 73)
Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.
Genres
OccupationMusician
InstrumentDrums
Years activec. 1960–2017
Musical artist

Clyde Austin Stubblefield (April 18, 1943 – February 18, 2017) was an American drummer best known for his work with James Brown, with whom he recorded and toured for six years (1965-70). His syncopated drum patterns on Brown's recordings are considered funk standards. Samples of his drum performances (particularly his break in the 1970 track "Funky Drummer") were heavily used in hip hop music beginning in the 1980s, although Stubblefield frequently received no credit.

A self-taught musician, Stubblefield was influenced by the sound of industrial rhythms he heard in factories and trains. He began playing with local groups in his native Tennessee and later moved to Georgia, where he played with musicians such as Eddie Kirkland and Otis Redding in the early 1960s before joining Brown's band. He later settled in Madison, Wisconsin, where he was a staple of the local music scene. He has been named among the great drummers of all time by various publications. In 2017, he accepted an honorary degree from the University of Wisconsin–Madison.

Early life

Born to Frank D. and Vena Stubblefield on April 18, 1943, he grew up in Chattanooga, Tennessee. He was inspired to pursue drumming after seeing drummers for the first time in a parade. As a youngster his sense of rhythm was influenced by the industrial sounds of factories and trains around him. He practiced the rhythm patterns he heard, sometimes playing two patterns simultaneously. Years later he said if he could hum a drum pattern, he could play it. He played professionally as a teenager and performed in local bands such as Blue Shufflers, Inclines, and Cascades. In the early 1960s he moved to Macon, Georgia, and worked with guitarist Eddie Kirkland and toured with Otis Redding.

Drummer for James Brown, 1965 to 1970

In 1965, James Brown saw Stubblefield perform in Macon, Georgia, and asked him to audition. Soon after he joined Brown's band. Over the next six years the band had two drummers, Stubblefield and John "Jabo" Starks who had joined the band two weeks earlier. Starks' style was influenced by the church music he grew up with in Mobile, Alabama. The two drummers had no formal training. According to Stubblefield, "We just played what we wanted to play (...) We just put down what we think it should be." The two "created the grooves on many of Brown's biggest hits and laid the foundation for modern funk drumming in the process."

Stubblefield's recordings with James Brown are considered to be some of the standard-bearers for funk drumming, including the singles "Cold Sweat", "I Got the Feelin'", "Give It Up or Turnit a Loose", "Say It Loud – I'm Black and I'm Proud", "Mother Popcorn", "Get Up, Get into It, Get Involved", "There Was a Time", "Ain't It Funky Now", and the album Sex Machine.

His rhythm pattern on James Brown's "Funky Drummer" is among the world's most sampled musical segments. It has been used for decades by hip-hop groups and rappers such as Public Enemy, Run-DMC, N.W.A, Raekwon, LL Cool J, Beastie Boys and Prince, and has also been used in other genres. Though the sole creator of his patterns, Stubblefield was not credited for the use of the samples. He was featured in the 2009 PBS documentary, Copyright Criminals, which addressed the creative and legal aspects of sampling in the music industry.

External videos
video icon Drum solo,
Boston Garden 1968,
"Cold Sweat"

Career, 1971 to 2017

Stubblefield lived in Madison, Wisconsin, from 1971 onward. For over twenty years he played Monday nights with his band, The Clyde Stubblefield Band, in downtown Madison. The band featured his longtime friend and keyboard-organ player Steve "Doc" Skaggs, along with soul vocalists Charlie Brooks and Karri Daley, as well as a horn section and supporting band. Stubblefield retired from the Monday shows in 2011 due to health issues, leaving the band in the hands of his nephew Bret Stubblefield.

Stubblefield worked with a variety of musicians in the Madison area such as keyboardist Steve Skaggs, guitarists Luther Allison and Cris Plata, jazz violinist Randy Sabien, rock band Garbage, country trio Common Faces and jazz group NEO. He performed and recorded with members of The J.B.'s including Bootsy Collins, Maceo Parker and "Jabo" Starks. The group released the album Bring the Funk on Down in 1999. From the early 1990s to 2015, he performed on the nationally syndicated public radio show Whad'Ya Know?

Stubblefield's first solo album The Revenge of the Funky Drummer was released in 1997. The album was produced by producer-songwriter Richard Mazda. In 1998, he released a 26 track break-beat album titled The Original Funky Drummer Breakbeat Album. Stubblefield's third solo album The Original was released in 2003. All compositions were based on Stubblefield's drum grooves and the album was produced by Leo Sidran.

Stubblefield collaborated frequently with "Jabo" Starks. As the Funkmasters, the duo released an album in 2001 called Find the Groove and an album in 2006 called Come Get Summa This. The duo also released a drumming instruction video in 1999 titled Soul of the Funky Drummers. In December 2007, the duo joined Bootsy Collins in Covington, Kentucky, for the first tribute concert in memory of James Brown. Stubblefield and Starks played on Funk for Your Ass, a tribute album by fellow James Brown orchestra alum Fred Wesley. The album was released in 2008. Later that year an expansion to the EZdrummer software was released with samples recorded by Stubblefield and Starks.

In 2009, Stubblefield was in need of a kidney transplant and underwent dialysis treatments. Musicians in the Madison area organized fundraiser events, donating the proceeds to supplement his dialysis treatment and subsequent medical bills. Stubblefield coped with health issues from the early 2000s onward including cancer. His wife Jody Hannon was a source of support in managing his health.

In 2011, Stubblefield performed "Fight the Power" on the Jimmy Fallon show along with Chuck D and members of The Roots and Eclectic Method. In 2012, he gave an autobiographical talk and performed his favorite beats at the Madison Ruby conference in Madison, Wisconsin. In 2015, a scholarship fund for music education was started and named after Stubblefield.

Recognition

In 2014, Stubblefield was named the second best drummer of all time by LA Weekly. According to the LA Weekly, "Stubblefield is one of the most sampled drummers in history, the man whose uncanny ability to deconstruct pop music's simple 4/4 rhythms into a thousand different sly syncopations laid the foundation not only for funk, but for most of hip-hop, as well." In 2013, Stubblefield and Starks received the Yamaha Legacy Award. In 2004, he received the lifetime achievement award at the Madison Area Music Awards. In 2000, he was inducted into the Wisconsin Area Music Industry hall of fame. In 1990 he was named drummer of the year by Rolling Stone magazine, and in 2016 the magazine named Stubblefield and Starks the sixth best drummer of all time. A set of Stubblefield's autographed drum-sticks are in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

Drummer David Garibaldi credits Stubblefield for inventing the vocabulary of funk drumming. Garibaldi singles out the drumming on "I Got the Feelin'" as the "sign of a genius". According to Questlove, drummer of The Roots, Stubblefield is the one "who defined funk music." Chuck D said of Stubblefield's impact on hip-hop, "It was a style of repetition that was emulated as opposed to just the actual sound. You know, holding it there, and keeping steady with the vamp." Nerdcore rapper MC Frontalot paid tribute to Stubblefield in his song "Good Old Clyde". Hip hop artist Black Thought of The Roots rhymes "I'm cooler than Clyde Stubblefield, drummer for James" in the song "Stay Cool".

Ben Sisario of The New York Times writes: "On songs like 'Cold Sweat' and 'Mother Popcorn' perfected a light-touch style filled with the off-kilter syncopations sometimes called ghost notes." According to National Public Radio, "the grooves created have inspired generations of artists — not just in funk, but in hip-hop, where their steady but intricate patterns make natural material for sampling." In 2017, Stubblefield accepted an honorary doctorate of fine arts from the University of Wisconsin–Madison, which was conferred posthumously.

Death

Stubblefield died on February 18, 2017, from kidney failure. He survived cancer in 2000 and coped with kidney disease since 2002. In 2016, it was reported pop icon Prince, who deeply admired Stubblefield, paid about $80,000 of the drummer's medical costs. Stubblefield was survived by his wife Jody Hannon.

Quotations

In a 1991 interview with Isthmus, Stubblefield said: "What influenced me mainly was sounds. Train tracks. Washing machines. I just put patterns against natural sounds, and that's what I do today. I could be walking down the street in time and put a drum pattern against it while I'm walking (...) That's the same thing I'm doing now when I sit down behind the drums. I put a pattern behind what everyone else is doing."

Discography

Credits adapted from AllMusic, except as noted.

As leader

  • The Revenge of the Funky Drummer (1997)
  • The Original Funky Drummer Breakbeat Album (1998)
  • The Original (2003)

As co-leader

  • Find the Groove (2001)
  • Come Get Summa This (2006)

As sideman

With Fred Wesley

  • Funk for Your Ass (2008)

With James Brown selected works

With The J.B.'s

  • Bring the Funk on Down (1999)

With Ben Sidran

  • Puttin' in Time on Planet Earth (Blue Thumb, 1973)
  • Don't Let Go (Blue Thumb, 1974)

With Garbage

Instructional videos

  • Soul of the Funky Drummers (1999)

References

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