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{{Short description|Galician rabbi (1727–1792)}} {{Short description|Galician rabbi (1727–1792)}}
] ]
'''Joseph ben Meir Teomim''' (1727–1792; ]: '''יוסף בן מאיר תאומים''') was a ] Rabbi. '''Joseph ben Meir Teomim''' (1727–1792; ]: '''יוסף בן מאיר תאומים''')
⚫ <ref>{{JewishEncyclopedia|article=TE'OMIM, JOSEPH BEN MEÏR|url=http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/8862-joseph-ben-meir-te-omim|accessdate=14 Mar 2012}}
⚫ The following bibliography is referred to in the Jewish Encyclopedia article:
⚫ *D. Cassel, in Ersch and Gruber, Encyc. section ii., part 31, p.&nbsp;97;
⚫ *Steinschneider, Cat. Bodl. col. 1534;
⚫ *Neubauer, in Ha-Maggid, xiii. 285;
⚫ *], Keneset Yisrael, p.&nbsp;514;
⚫ *Buber, Anshe Shem, p.&nbsp;95.</ref>
was a ] ], best known as author of ''Pri Megadim'', by which title he is also referenced.
He was one of the foremost ] of his time, a "thorough student of ], and... not unlearned in the secular sciences". He was one of the foremost ] of his time, a "thorough student of ], and... not unlearned in the secular sciences".
He is also referenced as "The ''Pri Megadim''", for his best known work.


==Biography== ==Biography==
Teomim was born in ], then in ] (today in ]). Teomim was born in ], then in ] (today in ]).
<ref>See ] for detail</ref> <ref>See ] for detail</ref>
His father, Rabbi Meir Teomim, became ] and ] in ] (Lvov), and the family moved there. His father, Rabbi Meir Teomim, became ] and ] in ] (Lvov), and the family moved there.


Line 13: Line 20:
At the age of 20 he moved to ] to marry. He spent more than a decade there primarily studying and writing, and also working as a '']''. At the age of 20 he moved to ] to marry. He spent more than a decade there primarily studying and writing, and also working as a '']''.


In 1767, on the invitation of ], he went to ] to co-head a Yeshiva with Rabbi ]. In 1767, on the invitation of ], he went to ] to co-head a '']'' with Rabbi ].
Following his Father's death in 1771, Teomim returned to Lemberg, eventually becoming Dayan there. Following his Father's death in 1771, Teomim returned to Lemberg, eventually becoming Dayan there.
In 1782 was appointed Rabbi at ], where he remained until his death. In 1782 he was appointed Rabbi at ], where he remained until his death.


He was buried in the ] at Frankfurt/Oder. He was buried in the ] at Frankfurt/Oder.


==Works== ==Works==
] ]
Teomim's '''''Pri Megadim''''' (פרי מגדים, "choice fruits", published 1782)<ref>See ] for detail.</ref> is a widely referenced work on the '']''. It is composed, essentially, as a ] on ] there: on the '']'' section, ''Mishbetzot Zahav'' discusses ]'s ''Turei Zahav,'' and ''Eshel Avraham'' is on ]'s ''Magen Avraham''; on the ] section, ''Siftei Da'at'' discusses ]'s ''Siftei Kohen'', and ''Mishbetzot Zahav'' is continued. ''Pri Megadim'' is however seen as authoritative in its own right, often quoted, for example, by the ].
Rabbi Teomim's ''Pri Megadim'' (פרי מגדים,
<ref>]</ref>
published 1782)
is a widely referenced work on the '']''.
It is composed, essentially, as a ] on
] there:
On the '']'' section,
''Mishbetzot Zahav'' discusses ]'s ''Ṭurei Zahav,''
and ''Eshel Avraham'' is on ]'s ''Magen Avraham''.
On the ] section, ''Siftei Da'at'' discusses ]'s ''Siftei Kohen'', and ''Mishbetzot Zahav'' is continued.
''Pri Megadim'' is however seen as authoritative in its own right, often quoted, for example, by the ].


Teomim also authored: Teomim ], among other works:
* ''Porat Yosef,'' ] on ] and ], with rules for ] (Zolkiev, 1756) * ''Porat Yosef,'' ] on ] and ], with rules for ] (Zolkiev, 1756)
⚫ * ''Rosh Yosef,'' ] on ], ], ], ], ], and ]
* ''Ginnat Vradim,'' seventy rules ] of the ] (Frankfort-on-the-Oder, 1767) * ''Ginnat Vradim,'' seventy rules ] of the ] (Frankfort-on-the-Oder, 1767)
* ''Tebat Gome,'' on the Sabbatical sections (Frankfort-on-the-Oder, 1782) * ''Tebat Gome,'' explanations on ] (Frankfort-on-the-Oder, 1782)
* ''Shoshanat ha-'Amakim,'' a methodology of the Talmud, published together with the preceding * ''Shoshanat ha-'Amakim,'' a methodology of the Talmud, published together with the preceding
* ''No'am Megadim,'' commentaries on the prayers, published with the prayer-book ''Hegyon Leb.'' * ''No'am Megadim,'' commentaries on the prayers, published with the ] ''Hegyon Leb.''
*''Sefer ha-Maggid'', a commentary on the ] and the ], sermons for ] and festivals, and a twofold commentary on '']'' (left in manuscript. <ref>], '']'' No. 1500</ref>)
⚫ * ''Rosh Yosef,'' ] on ], ], ], ], ], and ]
*''Em la-Binah'', a ], ], and ] lexicon (left in manuscript.)

He left two works in manuscript: ''Sefer ha-Maggid'', a commentary on the ] and the ], sermons for ] and festivals, and a twofold commentary on '']''; and ''Em la-Binah'', a ], ], and ] lexicon.<ref>Neubauer, ''Cat. Bodl. Hebr. MSS.'' No. 1500</ref> In the introduction to the latter, Rabbi Te'omim mentions a great number of his writings on ] and ], which are no longer in existence. In the introduction to the latter, Rabbi Teomim mentions a great number of his writings on ] and ], which are no longer in existence.


==Bibliography and references== ==Bibliography and references==
{{Reflist}}
⚫ {{JewishEncyclopedia|article=TE'OMIM, JOSEPH BEN MEÏR|url=http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/8862-joseph-ben-meir-te-omim|accessdate=14 Mar 2012}}

⚫ The following bibliography is referred to in the Jewish Encyclopedia article:
⚫ *D. Cassel, in Ersch and Gruber, Encyc. section ii., part 31, p.&nbsp;97;
⚫ *Steinschneider, Cat. Bodl. col. 1534;
⚫ *Neubauer, in Ha-Maggid, xiii. 285;
⚫ *], Keneset Yisrael, p.&nbsp;514;
⚫ *Buber, Anshe Shem, p.&nbsp;95.


{{Authority control}} {{Authority control}}


{{Poland-rabbi-stub}}
{{Germany-rabbi-stub}}
{{Judaism-bio-stub}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Teomim}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Teomim}}

Latest revision as of 13:14, 13 August 2024

Galician rabbi (1727–1792)
Tombstone of Joseph ben Meir Teomim

Joseph ben Meir Teomim (1727–1792; Hebrew: יוסף בן מאיר תאומים) was a Galician rabbi, best known as author of Pri Megadim, by which title he is also referenced. He was one of the foremost Torah Scholars of his time, a "thorough student of rabbinical literature, and... not unlearned in the secular sciences".

Biography

Teomim was born in Shchyrets, then in Poland (today in Ukraine). His father, Rabbi Meir Teomim, became Dayan (rabbinic judge) and Rosh Yeshiva in Lemberg (Lvov), and the family moved there.

Teomim studied Torah, primarily under his father, in the Lvov yeshivah; while still young he took up a position as "preacher and rabbinical instructor" there. At the age of 20 he moved to Komarno to marry. He spent more than a decade there primarily studying and writing, and also working as a melamed.

In 1767, on the invitation of Daniel Itzig, he went to Berlin to co-head a Bet Midrash with Rabbi Hirschel Levin. Following his Father's death in 1771, Teomim returned to Lemberg, eventually becoming Dayan there. In 1782 he was appointed Rabbi at Frankfurt an der Oder, where he remained until his death.

He was buried in the Jewish cemetery at Frankfurt/Oder.

Works

Pri Megadim title page (1787 printing)

Teomim's Pri Megadim (פרי מגדים, "choice fruits", published 1782) is a widely referenced work on the Shulkhan Aruch. It is composed, essentially, as a supercommentary on the major commentators there: on the Orach chayyim section, Mishbetzot Zahav discusses David ben Samuel's Turei Zahav, and Eshel Avraham is on Avraham Gombiner's Magen Avraham; on the Yoreh De'ah section, Siftei Da'at discusses Shabbethai Kohen's Siftei Kohen, and Mishbetzot Zahav is continued. Pri Megadim is however seen as authoritative in its own right, often quoted, for example, by the Mishna Berurah.

Teomim also authored, among other works:

In the introduction to the latter, Rabbi Teomim mentions a great number of his writings on halakhot and ethics, which are no longer in existence.

Bibliography and references

  1.  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901–1906). "TE'OMIM, JOSEPH BEN MEÏR". The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. Retrieved 14 Mar 2012. The following bibliography is referred to in the Jewish Encyclopedia article:
    • D. Cassel, in Ersch and Gruber, Encyc. section ii., part 31, p. 97;
    • Steinschneider, Cat. Bodl. col. 1534;
    • Neubauer, in Ha-Maggid, xiii. 285;
    • Fuenn, Keneset Yisrael, p. 514;
    • Buber, Anshe Shem, p. 95.
  2. See He: יוסף תאומים for detail
  3. See He: פרי מגדים for detail.
  4. Neubauer, Cat. Bodl. Hebr. MSS. No. 1500
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