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	{{short description\|French scientist}}		{{short description\|French polar explorer, scientist, Olympic sailer and medical doctor}}
	{{Expand French\|Jean-Baptiste Charcot\|date=June 2018\|topic=sci}}		{{Expand French\|Jean-Baptiste Charcot\|date=June 2018\|topic=sci}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=~~August~~ ~~2011~~}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=March 2021}}
	{{Infobox person		{{Infobox person
	\| name = Jean-Baptiste Auguste Étienne Charcot		\| name = Jean-Baptiste Auguste Étienne Charcot
	\| image = Jean-Baptiste Charcot.jpg		\| image = Jean-Baptiste Charcot.jpg
	\| caption =		\| caption = Charcot in 1925
	\| birth_date = {{birth-date\|15 July 1867}}		\| birth_date = {{birth-date\|15 July 1867}}
	\| birth_place = ], France		\| birth_place = ], France
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	\| death_place = at sea, off ]		\| death_place = at sea, off ]
	\| nationality = French		\| nationality = French
	\| occupation = Polar explorer, doctor		\| occupation = Polar explorer, medical doctor, Olympian, scientist
	\| known_for =		\| known_for = his polar explorations
	\| spouse = ] (~~1896-1905~~; div.)		\| spouse = ] (1896–1905; div.)
	\| children =		\| children =
			\| module =
⚫	}}
	{{Infobox sailor		{{Infobox sailor
	\| ~~classes~~ = ]		\| child = yes
			\| classes = ]<br>]
	\| medaltemplates =		\| medaltemplates =
	{{MedalSport\|]}}		{{MedalSport\|]}}
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	\| updated = 2014-02-08		\| updated = 2014-02-08
	}}		}}
		⚫	}}

	'''Jean-Baptiste-Étienne-Auguste Charcot'''<ref>{{cite web \|title=Jean-Baptiste-Étienne-Auguste Charcot {{!}} French explorer and oceanographer \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jean-Baptiste-Etienne-Auguste-Charcot \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|~~accessdate~~=12 June 2018 \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Jean-Baptiste Charcot \|url=https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Jean-Baptiste+Charcot \|website=thefreedictionary.com \|publisher=The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition \|~~accessdate~~=12 June 2018 \|date=~~1970-1979~~}}</ref> (15 July 1867 – 16 September 1936), ~~born~~ in ], was a French scientist, ] and ]. His father was the ] ] (1825–1893).		'''Jean-Baptiste Étienne Auguste Charcot''', better known in France as '''Commandant Charcot''',<ref>{{cite web \|title=Jean-Baptiste-Étienne-Auguste Charcot {{!}} French explorer and oceanographer \|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jean-Baptiste-Etienne-Auguste-Charcot \|website=Encyclopedia Britannica \|access-date=12 June 2018 \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Jean-Baptiste Charcot \|url=https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Jean-Baptiste+Charcot \|website=thefreedictionary.com \|publisher=The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition \|access-date=12 June 2018 \|date=1970–1979}}</ref> (15 July 1867 in ] near ] – 16 September 1936 at sea (30 miles north-west of ], ]), was a French scientist, ] and ]. His father was the ] ] (1825–1893).
			As a sportsman, he was French rugby XV champion in 1896 and also won a double silver medal in sailing at the 1900 Summer Olympics.

	==Life==		==Life==
	Jean-Baptiste Charcot was appointed leader of the ] with the ship ''Français'' exploring the west coast of ] from 1904 until 1907. The expedition reached ] in 1905 and took pictures of the ] and ]. From 1908 until 1910, another expedition followed with the ship '']'', exploring the ] and the ] and discovering ], ] and ], which was named after his father, ].<ref name= CharcotCharcot>{{cite journal \|author=Haas LF \|title=Jean Martin Charcot (1825–93) and Jean Baptiste Charcot (1867–1936) \|journal=J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry \|volume=71 \|issue=4 \|pages=524 \|date=October 2001 \|pmid=11561039 \|pmc=1763526 \|doi=10.1136/jnnp.71.4.524}} and		Jean-Baptiste Charcot was appointed leader of the ] with the ship ''Français'' exploring the west coast of ] from 1904 until 1907. The expedition reached ] in 1905 and took pictures of the ] and ]. From 1908 until 1910, another expedition followed with the ship '']'', exploring the ] and the ] and discovering ], ], ] and ], which was named after his father, ].<ref name= CharcotCharcot>{{cite journal \|author=Haas LF \|title=Jean Martin Charcot (1825–93) and Jean Baptiste Charcot (1867–1936) \|journal=J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry \|volume=71 \|issue=4 \|pages=524 \|date=October 2001 \|pmid=11561039 \|pmc=1763526 \|doi=10.1136/jnnp.71.4.524}} and
	</ref> He named ] after ], the grandfather of his wife, ].		</ref> He named ] after ], the grandfather of his wife, ].

	Later on, Jean-Baptiste Charcot explored ] in 1921 and Eastern ] and ] from 1925 until 1936. He died when ''Pourquoi-Pas?'' was wrecked in a storm off the coast of ] in 1936. ~~A monument to Charcot was created in ], Iceland by sculptor ] in 1936 and another by ] in 1952.~~		Later on, Jean-Baptiste Charcot explored ] in 1921 and Eastern ] and ] from 1925 until 1936. He died when ''Pourquoi-Pas ?'' was wrecked in a storm off the coast of ] in 1936.

	Charcot participated in many sports. He won two silver medals in sailing at the ].<ref>{{cite book \|author=Bill Mallon \|title=The 1900 Olympic Games: Results for All Competitors in All Events, with Commentary \|location=Jefferson, North Carolina \|publisher=McFarland \|year=2009 \|orig-year=1997 \|isbn=9780786440641 \|page=19 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CHYwCgAAQBAJ~~&printsec~~=~~frontcover&dq~~=Jean-Baptiste+Charcot~~+Olympics&hl~~=~~en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjHorO1sdXgAhUKOawKHduMBocQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=Charcot%20(FRA~~-~~YAC)&f~~=~~false~~ }}</ref>		Charcot participated in many sports. He won two silver medals in sailing at the ].<ref>{{cite book \|author=Bill Mallon \|title=The 1900 Olympic Games: Results for All Competitors in All Events, with Commentary \|location=Jefferson, North Carolina \|publisher=McFarland \|year=2009 \|orig-year=1997 \|isbn=9780786440641 \|page=19 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CHYwCgAAQBAJ }}</ref><ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.olympedia.org/athletes/61586 \|title=Jean-Baptiste Charcot \|work=Olympedia \|access-date=29 December 2020}}</ref>

			== Dedications ==
			], 2016 (80 x 120 cm, Acrylic and pencil).]]
			A monument to Charcot was created in ], Iceland by sculptor ] in 1936 and another by ] in 1952.

			Charcot has had various places and things named after him:
			* '']'', a ] genus<ref name="Søchting et al. 2014">{{cite journal \|last1=Søchting \|first1=Ulrik \|last2=Garrido-Benavent \|first2=Isaac \|last3=Seppelt \|first3=Rod \|last4=Castello \|first4=Miris \|last5=Pérez-Ortega \|first5=Sergio \|last6=De Los Ríos Murillo \|first6=Asunción \|last7=Sancho \|first7=Leopoldo Garcia \|last8=Frödén \|first8=Patrik \|last9=Arup \|first9=Ulf \|title=''Charcotiana'' and ''Amundsenia'', two new genera in Teloschistaceae (lichenized Ascomycota, subfamily Xanthorioideae) hosting two new species from continental Antarctica, and ''Austroplaca frigida'', a new name for a continental Antarctic species \|journal=The Lichenologist \|volume=46 \|issue=6 \|year=2014 \|pages=763–782 \|doi=10.1017/S0024282914000395}}</ref>
		⚫	* ], Antarctica
			* ], an abyssal fan in the Southern Ocean
			* ], a peninsula in Greenland
			* '']'', an icebreaking cruise ship

			{{clear}}

	== See also ==
⚫	* ]
	== References ==		== References ==
	{{reflist\|2}}		{{reflist}}
	* ''Le "Pourquoi pas?" dans l'Antarctique 1908–1910'', Arthaud, Paris, 1996, {{ISBN\|2-7003-1088-8}}		* ''Le "Pourquoi pas?" dans l'Antarctique 1908–1910'', Arthaud, Paris, 1996, {{ISBN\|2-7003-1088-8}}

	==External links==		==External links==
			*{{Sports links}}
	*		*
	*		*
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	{{France-yachtracing-bio-stub}}

Latest revision as of 22:26, 24 August 2024

French polar explorer, scientist, Olympic sailer and medical doctor

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Jean-Baptiste Auguste Étienne Charcot

Charcot in 1925

Born

15 July 1867 (1867-07-15)
Neuilly-sur-Seine, France

Died

16 September 1936 (1936-09-17) (aged 69)
at sea, off Iceland

Nationality

French

Occupation(s)

Polar explorer, medical doctor, Olympian, scientist

Known for

his polar explorations

Spouse

Jeanne Hugo (1896–1905; div.)

Sports career

Sailing career

Class(es)

0 to 0.5 ton
Open class

Medal record

Sailing

Representing France
Olympic Games
	1900 Paris	Ton class 1st race
	1900 Paris	Ton class 2nd race

Updated on 2014-02-08

Jean-Baptiste Étienne Auguste Charcot, better known in France as Commandant Charcot, (15 July 1867 in Neuilly-sur-Seine near Paris – 16 September 1936 at sea (30 miles north-west of Reykjavik, Iceland), was a French scientist, medical doctor and polar scientist. His father was the neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot (1825–1893). As a sportsman, he was French rugby XV champion in 1896 and also won a double silver medal in sailing at the 1900 Summer Olympics.

Life

Jean-Baptiste Charcot was appointed leader of the French Antarctic Expedition with the ship Français exploring the west coast of Graham Land from 1904 until 1907. The expedition reached Adelaide Island in 1905 and took pictures of the Palmer Archipelago and Loubet Coast. From 1908 until 1910, another expedition followed with the ship Pourquoi Pas ?, exploring the Bellingshausen Sea and the Amundsen Sea and discovering Loubet Land, Marguerite Bay, Mount Boland and Charcot Island, which was named after his father, Jean-Martin Charcot. He named Hugo Island after Victor Hugo, the grandfather of his wife, Jeanne Hugo.

Later on, Jean-Baptiste Charcot explored Rockall in 1921 and Eastern Greenland and Svalbard from 1925 until 1936. He died when Pourquoi-Pas ? was wrecked in a storm off the coast of Iceland in 1936.

Charcot participated in many sports. He won two silver medals in sailing at the Summer Olympics of 1900.

Dedications

A monument to Charcot was created in Reykjavík, Iceland by sculptor Einar Jónsson in 1936 and another by Ríkarður Jónsson in 1952.

Charcot has had various places and things named after him:

Charcotiana, a lichen genus
Charcot Bay, Antarctica
Charcot Fan, an abyssal fan in the Southern Ocean
Charcot Land, a peninsula in Greenland
Le Commandant Charcot, an icebreaking cruise ship

References

"Jean-Baptiste-Étienne-Auguste Charcot | French explorer and oceanographer". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 12 June 2018.
"Jean-Baptiste Charcot". thefreedictionary.com. The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition. 1970–1979. Retrieved 12 June 2018.
Haas LF (October 2001). "Jean Martin Charcot (1825–93) and Jean Baptiste Charcot (1867–1936)". J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. 71 (4): 524. doi:10.1136/jnnp.71.4.524. PMC 1763526. PMID 11561039. and here.
Bill Mallon (2009) . The 1900 Olympic Games: Results for All Competitors in All Events, with Commentary. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland. p. 19. ISBN 9780786440641.
"Jean-Baptiste Charcot". Olympedia. Retrieved 29 December 2020.
Søchting, Ulrik; Garrido-Benavent, Isaac; Seppelt, Rod; Castello, Miris; Pérez-Ortega, Sergio; De Los Ríos Murillo, Asunción; Sancho, Leopoldo Garcia; Frödén, Patrik; Arup, Ulf (2014). "Charcotiana and Amundsenia, two new genera in Teloschistaceae (lichenized Ascomycota, subfamily Xanthorioideae) hosting two new species from continental Antarctica, and Austroplaca frigida, a new name for a continental Antarctic species". The Lichenologist. 46 (6): 763–782. doi:10.1017/S0024282914000395.

Le "Pourquoi pas?" dans l'Antarctique 1908–1910, Arthaud, Paris, 1996, ISBN 2-7003-1088-8

External links

Funeral of Charcot and his men in front of the Notre Dame, Paris, 1936
Board in memory of Charcot. Ittoqqortoormiit, Greenland
The Pourquoi-Pas?, Charcot's ship
Adelaide Island viewed from the west
Location of where The Pourquoi-Pas stranded

Polar exploration

Arctic

Ocean History Expeditions Research stations
Farthest North North Pole	Barentsz Heemskerck Hudson Marmaduke Carolus Parry North magnetic pole J. Ross J. C. Ross Abernethy Kane Hayes Polaris expedition Polaris C. F. Hall Bessels British Arctic Expedition HMS Alert Nares HMS Discovery Stephenson Markham Lady Franklin Bay Expedition Greely Lockwood Brainard *Nansen's Fram* expedition** Fram Nansen Johansen Sverdrup Jason Amedeo Andrée's balloon expedition S. A. Andrée F. Cook SS Roosevelt Peary Henson Sedov Byrd *Norge* Amundsen Nobile Wisting Riiser-Larsen Ellsworth *Italia* Nautilus Wilkins ANT-25 Chkalov Baydukov Belyakov Drifting ice stations NP-1 Papanin Shirshov E. Fyodorov Krenkel NP-36 NP-37 *Georgiy Sedov* Badygin Wiese USS Nautilus USS Skate Plaisted Herbert NS Arktika Barneo Arktika 2007 Mir submersibles Sagalevich Chilingarov
Iceland Greenland	Pytheas Brendan Papar Vikings Naddodd Garðar Ingólfr Norse colonization of North America Gunnbjörn Snæbjörn galti Erik the Red Christian IV's expeditions J. Hall Cunningham Lindenov C. Richardson Danish colonization Egede Scoresby Jason Nansen Sverdrup Peary Rasmussen
Northwest Passage Northern Canada	Cabot G. Corte-Real M. Corte-Real Frobisher Gilbert Davis Hudson Discovery Bylot Baffin Munk I. Fyodorov HMS Resolution J. Cook HMS Discovery Clerke Mackenzie Kotzebue J. Ross HMS Griper Parry HMS Hecla Lyon HMS Fury Hoppner Crozier J. C. Ross Coppermine expedition Franklin Back Dease Simpson HMS Blossom Beechey Franklin's lost expedition HMS Erebus HMS Terror Collinson Rae–Richardson expedition Rae J. Richardson Austin McClure expedition HMS Investigator McClure HMS Resolute Kellett Belcher Kennedy Bellot Isabel Inglefield 2nd Grinnell expedition USS Advance Kane Fox McClintock HMS Pandora Young Fram Sverdrup Gjøa Amundsen Rasmussen Karluk Stefansson Bartlett *St. Roch* H. Larsen Cowper
North East Passage Russian Arctic	Pomors Koch boats Willoughby Chancellor Barentsz Heemskerck Mangazeya Hudson Poole Siberian Cossacks Perfilyev Stadukhin Dezhnev Popov Ivanov Vagin Permyakov Great Northern Expedition Bering Chirikov Malygin Ovtsyn Minin V. Pronchishchev M. Pronchishcheva Chelyuskin Kh. Laptev D. Laptev Chichagov Lyakhov Billings Sannikov Gedenshtrom Wrangel Matyushkin Anjou Litke Lavrov Pakhtusov Tsivolko Middendorff Austro-Hungarian Expedition Weyprecht Payer Vega Expedition A. E. Nordenskiöld Palander Jeannette expedition USS Jeannette De Long Melville *Yermak* Makarov *Zarya* Toll Kolomeitsev Matisen Kolchak Sedov Rusanov expedition Rusanov Kuchin Brusilov expedition Sv. Anna Brusilov Albanov Konrad Wiese Nagórski *Taymyr* / *Vaygach* Vilkitsky *Maud* Amundsen AARI Samoylovich Begichev Urvantsev Sadko Ushakov Glavsevmorput Schmidt Aviaarktika Shevelev A. Sibiryakov Voronin Chelyuskin Krassin Gakkel Nuclear-powered icebreakers Lenin Arktika-class icebreaker

Antarctic

Continent History Expeditions
Antarctic/Southern Ocean	Roché Bouvet Kerguelen HMS Resolution J. Cook HMS Adventure Furneaux Smith San Telmo Vostok Bellingshausen Mirny Lazarev Bransfield Palmer Davis Weddell Morrell Astrolabe Dumont d'Urville United States Exploring Expedition USS Vincennes Wilkes USS Porpoise Ringgold Ross expedition HMS Erebus (J. C. Ross Abernethy) HMS Terror (Crozier) Cooper Challenger expedition HMS Challenger Nares Murray Jason C. A. Larsen
"Heroic Age"	Belgian Antarctic Expedition Belgica de Gerlache Lecointe Amundsen Cook Arctowski Racoviță Dobrowolski Southern Cross Southern Cross Borchgrevink Discovery Discovery Discovery Hut Gauss Gauss Drygalski Swedish Antarctic Expedition Antarctic O. Nordenskjöld C. A. Larsen Scottish Antarctic Expedition Bruce Scotia Orcadas Base Nimrod Expedition Nimrod French Antarctic Expeditions Pourquoi-Pas Charcot Japanese Antarctic Expedition Shirase Amundsen's South Pole expedition Fram Amundsen Framheim Polheim Terra Nova Terra Nova Scott Wilson E. R. Evans Crean Lashly Filchner Australasian Antarctic Expedition SY Aurora Mawson Far Eastern Party Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition Endurance Shackleton Wild *James Caird* Ross Sea party Mackintosh Shackleton–Rowett Expedition Quest
IPY · IGY Modern research	Christensen Byrd BANZARE BGLE Rymill New Swabia Ritscher Operation Tabarin Marr Operation Highjump Captain Arturo Prat Base British Antarctic Survey Operation Windmill Ketchum Ronne Expedition F. Ronne E. Ronne Schlossbach Operation Deep Freeze McMurdo Station Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition Hillary V. Fuchs Soviet Antarctic Expeditions 1st Somov Klenova Mirny 2nd Tryoshnikov 3rd Tolstikov Antarctic Treaty System Transglobe Expedition Fiennes Burton Lake Vostok Kapitsa
Farthest South South Pole	HMS Resolution J. Cook HMS Adventure Furneaux Weddell HMS Erebus J. C. Ross HMS Terror Crozier Southern Cross Borchgrevink Discovery Barne Nimrod Shackleton Wild Marshall Adams South magnetic pole Mawson David Mackay Amundsen's South Pole expedition Fram Amundsen Bjaaland Helmer Hassel Wisting Polheim Terra Nova Scott E. Evans Oates Wilson Bowers Cherry-Garrard Byrd Balchen McKinley Dufek Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station Hillary V. Fuchs Pole of Cold Vostok Station Pole of inaccessibility Pole of Inaccessibility research station Tolstikov Crary A. Fuchs Messner

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