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{{Short description|1737 book}}
{{italic title}} {{italic title}}
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The '''''Hortus Cliffortianus''''' is a work of early botanical literature published in 1737. The '''''Hortus Cliffortianus''''' is a work of early botanical literature published in 1737.


The work was a collaboration between ] and ], financed by ] in 1735-1736. Clifford, a wealthy ] banker was a keen ] with a large ] and governor of the ]. He had the income to attract the talents of botanists such as Linnaeus and artists like Ehret and ]. Together at the Clifford summer estate ], which was located south of ] in ] near ], they produced the first scholarly classification of an English garden. The garden at Hartekamp was already quite famous before George Clifford bought the place in 1709. Under his ownership, the number of unusual plants grew exponentially. He had 4 hothouses built to house the many tropical plants that he collected through his business connections from all over the world. He was an important friend and seed supplier for botanist ], whose summer home (and garden) at ] was just a short trip away by '']'' along the Haarlem-Leiden canal known as the ]. The work was a collaboration between ] and the illustrator ], financed by ] in 1735–1736. Clifford was a wealthy Amsterdam banker, a governor of the ], and a keen botanist with a large herbarium. He had the income to attract the talents of botanists such as Linnaeus and artists like Ehret and ]. Together at the Clifford summer estate ], which was located south of ] in Heemstede near Bennebroek, they produced the first scholarly classification of an ].

]'' (ref: NHM BM000558558) from the herbarium, mounted with a label made to look like an urn; a style typical of Dutch herbaria of the period.]]

In 1736 George Clifford became famous for growing the first indoor ], and for this reason ] was eager to work with him.

George Clifford died in 1760 and left the business and property to his sons. The banking house of Clifford under George Clifford Jr. fell in 1772 and the estate Hartekamp went out of the family in 1788. Since then the garden has declined and is currently used as a school campus. After the fall of Clifford & Zn., Clifford's herbarium was acquired by ] in 1791 who passed it on to the ], where it is published online.

<gallery>
File:Hartecamp.JPG|View of Hartekamp from the Herenweg, the road from Haarlem to Leiden that leads along 17th and 18th century summer homes.
File:Hartekamp cropped.jpg|View of Hartekamp from the 'Leidse trekvaart' or Leiden-Haarlem canal
</gallery>


== References == == References ==
{{Reflist}}
* , 1737, is online as an open access text at Biodiversity Heritage Library * , 1737, is online as an open access text at Biodiversity Heritage Library
* (black and white) * (black and white)
* George Clifford Herbarium * at the NHM
* Noord-Hollands Archief, Haarlem * Noord-Hollands Archief, Haarlem


== External links == == External links ==

*
{{Commons category|Hortus Cliffortianus|position=left}} {{Commons category|Hortus Cliffortianus|position=left}}
{{Carl Linnaeus}} {{Carl Linnaeus}}


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Latest revision as of 21:41, 27 September 2024

1737 book

Title page of Hortus Cliffortianus

The Hortus Cliffortianus is a work of early botanical literature published in 1737.

The work was a collaboration between Carl Linnaeus and the illustrator Georg Dionysius Ehret, financed by George Clifford in 1735–1736. Clifford was a wealthy Amsterdam banker, a governor of the Dutch East India Company, and a keen botanist with a large herbarium. He had the income to attract the talents of botanists such as Linnaeus and artists like Ehret and Jan Wandelaar. Together at the Clifford summer estate Hartecamp, which was located south of Haarlem in Heemstede near Bennebroek, they produced the first scholarly classification of an English garden.

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