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{{Short description|Pakistani patriotic slogan}}
'''Pakistan Zindabad''' ({{lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|پاکستان زندہ باد}}}}; lit. ''Long Live Pakistan'') is a slogan used by ]s to express victory, patriotism or as a prayer.<ref>{{cite web|author=Henna Rakheja May, 15, 2012, DHNS |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/249463/manto-brought-life.html |title=Manto brought to life |publisher=Deccanherald.com |date=2012-05-14 |accessdate=2012-06-06}}</ref> It is notably used in political or national speeches.<ref name="Shahbaz">{{cite web|url=http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-13-14444-Pakistan-India-have-no-option-but-to-promote-peace-Shahbaz |title=Pakistan, India have no option but to promote peace: Shahbaz |publisher=Thenews.com.pk |date= |accessdate=2012-06-06}}</ref> Its use started even before the creation of Pakistan, during the ] of the ]. The slogan became a ] and greeting for the ], which was struggling for an independent country for the Muslims of the ], when the ] ended and the ] geared up.<ref name="Stanley Wolpert">{{cite book|title=India|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0520221727|pages=103-104|url=http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=nHnOERqf-MQC&pg=PA104#v=onepage&q&f=false|author=Stanley Wolpert|accessdate=22 June 2012|date=12 October 1999}}</ref> During ] the slogan was raised when the trains transporting the Muslims entered Pakistan.<ref name="Marian Aguiar">{{cite book|title=Tracking Modernity: India's Railway and the Culture of Mobility|publisher=University Of Minnesota Press|isbn=978-0816665600|url=http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=jpxjXZL6rNsC&pg=PA86#v=onepage&q&f=false|author=Marian Aguiar|accessdate=22 June 2012|page=86|date=4 March 2011}}</ref>
{{distinguish|Pakistan Zindabad (anthem)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}}
{{Use Oxford spelling|date=August 2022}}

'''Pakistan Zindabad''' ({{langx|ur|{{Nastaliq| پاکِستان زِندہ&zwnj;باد}}}}, {{Translation|"Long Live ]"}}) is a patriotic slogan used by ] in displays of ].<ref>{{cite web|author=Henna Rakheja May 15, 2012, DHNS |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/249463/manto-brought-life.html |title=Manto brought to life |publisher=Deccanherald.com |date=2012-05-14 |access-date=2012-06-06}}</ref><ref name="Shahbaz">{{cite web|url=http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-13-14444-Pakistan-India-have-no-option-but-to-promote-peace-Shahbaz |title=Pakistan, India have no option but to promote peace: Shahbaz |publisher=Thenews.com.pk |access-date=2012-06-06}}</ref> The phrase became popular among the ] of ] after the 1933 publication of the "]" by ], who argued that the Muslim minority in British India—particularly in the Muslim-majority regions of ], ], ], ], and ]—constituted a nation of an irrevocably distinct nature from the rest of India on "religious, social, and historical grounds" owing primarily to the issue of ].<ref name="Wolpert2009 shameful">{{cite book|last=Wolpert|first=Stanley|title=Shameful Flight: The Last Years of the British Empire in India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uJHTif-WA6oC&pg=PA18|access-date=24 July 2012|date=3 September 2009|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-539394-1|page=18}}</ref> Ali's ideology was adopted by the ] as the "]" and ultimately spurred the ] that led to the ]. During this time, "Pakistan Zindabad" became a widely used slogan and greeting within the Muslim League,<ref name="Stanley Wolpert">{{cite book|title=India|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0520221727|pages=103–104|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nHnOERqf-MQC&pg=PA104|author=Stanley Wolpert|access-date=22 June 2012|date=12 October 1999}}</ref> and following the ], it was also used as a rallying cry by Muslims who were migrating to the newly independent state from India as well as by those who were already within Pakistan's borders.<ref name="Marian Aguiar">{{cite book|title=Tracking Modernity: India's Railway and the Culture of Mobility|publisher=University Of Minnesota Press|isbn=978-0816665600|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jpxjXZL6rNsC&pg=PA86|author=Marian Aguiar|access-date=22 June 2012|page=86|date=4 March 2011}}</ref> The slogan is commonly invoked by Pakistani citizens and Pakistani state institutions on national holidays, during times of armed conflict, and on other major occasions.<ref name=Encyclopaedia>{{cite book|title=]|year=2010|publisher=Wirsa Publishers|location=94/1, 26th St., Ph. 6, D.H.A., ], ]|isbn=9789699454004|page=880|author=Aqeel Abbas Jafari|author-link=Aqeel Abbas Jafari|edition=First|language=ur}}</ref>


==Etymology== ==Etymology==
The slogan is the use of typical ] suffix '']'' (''Long Live'') that is placed after a person or a country name. It is used to express victory, patriotism or as a prayer.<ref name="Shahbaz"/><ref name="Cricket">{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/canada/content/current/story/564854.html |title=International XI v Asia XI, Toronto: Fans' enthusiasm shields farcical organisation of Toronto T20 &#124; Canada Cricket Features |publisher=ESPN Cricinfo |date= |accessdate=2012-06-06}}</ref> Literally ''Pakistan Zindabad'' means ''Long Live Pakistan'' and sometimes is also used to say ''Victory to Pakistan.''<ref name="Stanley Wolpert"/> The slogan is a use of the standard ] suffix '']'' (''Long Live'') that is placed after a person or a country name. It is used to express victory, patriotism or as a prayer.<ref name="Shahbaz">{{cite web|url=http://www.thenews.com.pk/Todays-News-13-14444-Pakistan-India-have-no-option-but-to-promote-peace-Shahbaz |title=Pakistan, India have no option but to promote peace: Shahbaz |publisher=Thenews.com.pk |access-date=2012-06-06}}</ref><ref name="Cricket">{{cite web|url=http://www.espncricinfo.com/canada/content/current/story/564854.html |title=International XI v Asia XI, Toronto: Fans' enthusiasm shields farcical organisation of Toronto T20 &#124; Canada Cricket Features |publisher=ESPN Cricinfo |access-date=2012-06-06}}</ref>{{Failed verification|date=July 2012}} In literal translation, ''Pakistan Zindabad'' means "Long Live Pakistan"; it also is rendered as "Victory to Pakistan".<ref name="Stanley Wolpert">{{cite book|title=India|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0520221727|pages=103–104|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nHnOERqf-MQC&pg=PA104|author=Stanley Wolpert|access-date=22 June 2012|date=12 October 1999}}</ref><ref name=HaiderNizamani>{{cite book|title=The Roots of Rhetoric: Politics of Nuclear Weapons in India and Pakistan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tcTfwCZ0lR4C&pg=PA81 |author=Haider K. Nizamani |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |year=2000 |isbn=9780275968779 |page=81}}</ref>


==History== ==History==
The Pakistan Zindabad slogan was first raised during Pakistan Movement. Muslims at that time had written the slogan on their handkerchiefs, pillows.<ref name=Chakravarty>{{cite book|title=Muslim Separatism and the Partition of India|year=2003|publisher=Atlantic Publishers and Distributors|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-8126902385|url=http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=lKZMsbNeGmIC&pg=PA115#v=onepage&q&f=false|author=Debadutta Chakravarty|accessdate=24 June 2012|page=115}}</ref> The slogan was equally heard as ] during a visit by British parliamentary delegation led by ] to ], after the British government decided to leave ].<ref name="Stanley Wolpert2">{{cite book|title=Gandhi's Passion: The Life and Legacy of Mahatma Gandhi|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=USA|isbn=978-0195156348|pages=216|url=http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=UXzdibsUYjgC&pg=PA216#v=onepage&q&f=false|author=Stanley Wolpert|accessdate=23 June 2012|date=28 Nivember 2002}}</ref> On 23 December 1940, the Bihar Muslim Student Federation, passed a resolution to adapt ''Pakistan Zindabad'' as their national slogan at every meeting, conference and gathering.<ref name=Bihar>{{cite news|title=Bihar's Muslim Students' Slogan: Pakistan Zindabad|url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=PM0-AAAAIBAJ&sjid=YEwMAAAAIBAJ&pg=1439,2951942|accessdate=24 June 2012|newspaper=The Indian Express|date=27 December 1940|location=Patna|page=8}}</ref> In 1941 during the days of Pakistan Movement, Muhammad Ali Jinnah on a visit to ] was received by a crowd of Muslims chanting ''Pakistan Zindabad'', among them was a young boy of about 10 years age, who was scantily clothed. Jinnah called him and asked, "You were shouting Pakistan Zindabad, what do you know about Pakistan?" The boy replied, "I do not know very much about Pakistan. I only know that Pakistan means Muslim rule where many Muslims live, and Hindu rule where Hindus live," to which Jinnah observed that his message had reached to the people and remarked that now the struggle for Pakistan was unstoppable.<ref name="Waheed Ahmad">{{cite book|title=The nation's voice, towards consolidation : speeches and statements / Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah|year=1992|publisher=Quaid-i-Azam Academy|location=Karachi|isbn=9694780004|pages=255-256|author=Mohammad Ali Jinnah|editor=Waheed Ahmad|volume=1}}</ref> During partition of India the cry of ''Pakistan Zindabad'' was raised by the locals to welcome the refugees coming to Pakistan.<ref name=Gyanendra>{{cite book|title=Remembering Partition: Violence, Nationalism and History in India|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0521002509|url=http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=ZdLhnFet4w4C&pg=PA150#v=onepage&q&f=false|author=Gyanendra Pandey|accessdate=24 June 2012|page=150|date=14 January 2002}}</ref> The refugees also raised the cry in jubilation when they crossed the border.<ref name="M. Zahir">{{cite book |title=1947: A Memoir of Indian Independence |publisher=Trafford Publishing |isbn=978-1426915017 |url=http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=TdlikbiWZIQC&pg=PA93#v=onepage&q&f=false |author=M. Zahir |accessdate=23 June 2012 |page=93 |date=4 November 2009}}</ref><ref name="Akhtar Ehtisham">{{cite book|title=A Medical Doctor Examines Life on Three Continents, A Pakistani View|publisher=Algora Publishing|isbn=978-0875866338|url=http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=TNNMoORpiTcC&pg=PA40#v=onepage&q&f=false|author=S. Akhtar Ehtisham|accessdate=23 June 2012|page=40|date=1 October 2008}}</ref> The Pakistan Zindabad slogan was first raised during the Pakistan Movement. Muslims at that time often wrote the slogan on handkerchiefs or pillowcases.<ref name=Chakravarty>{{cite book|title=Muslim Separatism and the Partition of India|year=2003|publisher=Atlantic Publishers and Distributors|location=New Delhi|isbn=978-8126902385|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lKZMsbNeGmIC&pg=PA115|author=Debadutta Chakravarty|access-date=24 June 2012|page=115}}</ref>{{Better source needed|date=July 2012}} The slogan was equally heard as ] during a visit by a British parliamentary delegation led by ] to ], after the British government decided to leave ].<ref name="Stanley Wolpert2">{{cite book|title=Gandhi's Passion: The Life and Legacy of Mahatma Gandhi|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=USA|isbn=978-0195156348|pages=216|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UXzdibsUYjgC&pg=PA216|author=Stanley Wolpert|access-date=23 June 2012|date=28 November 2002}}</ref> On 23 December 1940, the Bihar Muslim Student Federation passed a resolution to adopt ''Pakistan Zindabad'' as their national slogan at every meeting, conference or gathering.<ref name=Bihar>{{cite news|title=Bihar's Muslim Students' Slogan: Pakistan Zindabad|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=PM0-AAAAIBAJ&pg=1439,2951942|access-date=24 June 2012|newspaper=The Indian Express|date=27 December 1940|location=Patna|page=8}}</ref> In 1941, during the days of the Pakistan Movement, Muhammad Ali Jinnah on a visit to ] was received by a crowd of Muslims chanting ''Pakistan Zindabad;'' among them was a young boy of about 10 years age, who was scantily clothed. Jinnah called him and asked, "You were shouting Pakistan Zindabad, what do you know about Pakistan?" The boy replied, "I do not know very much about Pakistan. I only know that Pakistan means Muslim rule where many Muslims live, and Hindu rule where Hindus live," to which Jinnah observed that his message had reached the people and remarked that now the struggle for Pakistan was unstoppable.<ref name="Waheed Ahmad">{{cite book|title=The nation's voice, towards consolidation : speeches and statements / Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah|year=1992|publisher=Quaid-i-Azam Academy|location=Karachi|isbn=9694780004|pages=255–256|author=Mohammad Ali Jinnah|editor=Waheed Ahmad|volume=1}}</ref>


The slogans of Pakistan Zindabad and its counter part, ], notably found negative usage in ] riots.<ref>{{cite book |page=43 |title=Borders & Boundaries: Women in India's Partition |author=Ritu Menon |author2=Kamla Bhasin |publisher=Rutgers University Press |year=1998 |isbn=9780813525525 |url=http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=yNN4SE7cL60C&pg=PA43&dq=Hindustan+Zindabad&hl=en&sa=X&ei=IlbPT7yGN8_prQe0tMCjDA&ved=0CEcQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=Hindustan%20Zindabad&f=false}}</ref> During the fight for an ] Pakistan the cry of ''Pakistan Zindabad'' was raised by the locals to welcome the refugees coming to Pakistan.<ref name=Gyanendra>{{cite book|title=Remembering Partition: Violence, Nationalism and History in India|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0521002509|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZdLhnFet4w4C&pg=PA150|author=Gyanendra Pandey|access-date=24 June 2012|page=150|date=14 January 2002}}</ref> The refugees also raised the cry in jubilation when they crossed the border.<ref name="M. Zahir">{{cite book |title=1947: A Memoir of Indian Independence |publisher=Trafford Publishing |isbn=978-1426915017 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TdlikbiWZIQC&pg=PA93 |author=M. Zahir |access-date=23 June 2012 |page=93 |date=4 November 2009}}</ref><ref name="Akhtar Ehtisham">{{cite book|title=A Medical Doctor Examines Life on Three Continents, A Pakistani View|publisher=Algora Publishing|isbn=978-0875866338|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TNNMoORpiTcC&pg=PA40|author=S. Akhtar Ehtisham|access-date=23 June 2012|page=40|date=1 October 2008}}</ref> The slogans of Pakistan Zindabad and its counterpart, ], notably found negative usage in communal riots associated with the fight for ].<ref name="Ritu Menon 1998 43">{{cite book |page=43 |title=Borders & Boundaries: Women in India's Partition |author=Ritu Menon |author2=Kamla Bhasin |publisher=Rutgers University Press |year=1998 |isbn=9780813525525 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yNN4SE7cL60C&q=Hindustan+Zindabad&pg=PA43}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|page=43|title=Borders & Boundaries: Women in India's Partition|author=Ritu Menon|author2=Kamla Bhasin|publisher=Rutgers University Press|year=1998|isbn=9780813525525|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yNN4SE7cL60C&q=Hindustan+Zindabad&pg=PA43}}</ref>
] on 3 June 1947.|alt=Black and white photograph of a thin man in a suit sitting at a table and looking up and away by two microphones.]]
On 3rd June 1947, after an agreement for the Partition, the viceroy and the community leaders addressed the public on the radio.
Jinnah ended his speech with {{transl|ur|Pakistan Zindabad!}}.
Some listeners misunderstood his accented Urdu as the much informal "Pakistan's in the bag!".<ref name="Campbell">{{cite book |last1=Campbell-Johnson |first1=Alan |author1-link=Alan Campbell Johnson |title=Mission With Mountbatten |date=1951 |publisher=Aico Publishing House |page=125 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/MissionWithMountbatten/page/n131/mode/2up?q=%22in+the+bag%22 |access-date=12 January 2024 |language=English |chapter-format=PDF |chapter=The Great Acceptance}}</ref>
⚫ On 14 August 1947, ]'s motorcade was welcomed by shouts of ''Pakistan Zindabad'', ''] Zindabad'' and flower petals all along his way from the Governor General's residence to the Constituent Assembly building and back, where he attended the Proclamation of Independence and a hoisting ceremony of the ].<ref name=Rabbani>{{cite book|title=My Years in Blue Uniform|year=2006|publisher=PAF Book –81|author=Mian Atta Rabbani}}</ref>


==Battle cry==
⚫ On 14 August 1947, ]'s motorcade was welcomed with the shouts of ''Pakistan Zindabad'', ''] Zindabad'' and flower petals all along his way from Governor General's residence to Constituent Assembly building and back, where he attended Proclamation of Independence and ] hoisting ceremony.<ref name=Rabbani>{{cite book|title=My Years in Blue Uniform|year=2006|publisher=PAF Book Club|location=Karachi|pages=79-81|author=Mian Atta Rabbani}}</ref>
{{expand section|date=October 2014}}
⚫ In 1947, during the ], an outpost of the ] that were under the operational control of ]<ref name="K. C. Praval">{{cite book|title=Indian Army After Independence|date=August 2009|publisher=Lancer Publishers|isbn=978-1935501107|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4p8tHVpzbGUC&pg=PA129|author=K. C. Praval|access-date=15 July 2012|page=129}}</ref> reported cries of ''Pakistan Zindabad'' coming from ]. Assuming that the pass was invaded and occupied by Pakistanis, the Jammu and Kashmir State forces withdrew from the area and burnt a strategically important bridge. They later discovered it was a false alarm; the men were friendly forces of the Indian Army occupying the pass, who were cut off from ] after the bridge was blown away.<ref name=Sen>{{cite book|title=Slender Was the Thread|publisher=Orient Longman|isbn=978-0861316922|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lYHXmx4cOUsC&pg=PA123|author=L. P. Sen|access-date=25 June 2012|page=123|date=1 January 1994}}</ref>


==India== == Notable usage ==
{{expand section|date=October 2014}}
⚫ In ], an ] outpost reported cries of ''Pakistan Zindabad'' coming from ], assuming that the pass was occupied by Pakistanis the Indian Army withdrew from the area and blew away a strategically important bridge, later coming to know that they were wrong about the cries of slogan and it was their own fellow army men occupying the pass, who were cut off from ] after the bridge was blown away.<ref name=Sen>{{cite book|title=Slender Was the Thread|publisher=Orient Longman|isbn=978-0861316922|url=http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=lYHXmx4cOUsC&pg=PA123#v=onepage&q&f=false|author=L. P. Sen|accessdate=25 June 2012|page=123|date=1 January 1994}}</ref>


⚫ === Political ===
⚫ A Brass merchant shop at ] was raided by ] on 6 July 1948, upon getting information that the shop has utensils with "''Pakistan Zindabad''" markings on them.<ref name="Brass engraved">{{cite news|title=Brass Engraved Slogans|url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=j9I-AAAAIBAJ&sjid=k0wMAAAAIBAJ&pg=6064%2C673707|accessdate=24 June 2012|newspaper=The Indian Express|date=8 July 1948|location=Moradabad|page=1}}</ref> Two of the instances where it was reported about the raising of slogan; the first instance was in 1956, during the ], due to some communal inconvenience, the Muslim youths raised the slogan Pakistan Zindabad, the second instance was also the same year (1956) when a procession was organized by the students of ] in protest against a book ''Religious Leaders'', published by ], though raising of any anti-nationalism slogan was denied by ] in the Indian parliament.<ref name="Qamar Hassan">{{cite book|title=Muslims in India: Attitudes Adjustments and Reactions|year=1988|publisher=Northern Book Centre|isbn=978-8185119267|url=http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=GXryl8xgQ5UC&pg=PA77#v=onepage&q&f=false|author=Qamar Hassan|accessdate=21 June 2012|page=77|month=February}}</ref><ref name="Paul R. Brass">{{cite book|title=The Production Of Hindu-Muslim Violence In Contemporary India|publisher=University of Washington Press|isbn=978-0295985060|pages=76-77|url=http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=QRxmxMttBScC&pg=PA76#v=onepage&q&f=false|author=Paul R. Brass|accessdate=22 June 2012|date=15 May 2011}}</ref>
⚫ The ] ] in a meeting with ] ] repeatedly raised the slogan to show his friendship with Pakistan, during his visit to the country in 2009.<ref name="KSA king">{{cite news|title=Saudi king assures full support to Pakistan|url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2009%2F04%2F13%2Fstory_13-4-2009_pg7_5|access-date=24 June 2012|newspaper=Daily Times|date=13 April 2009|location=Islamabad}}</ref>


==Jammu and Kashmir== ====Use in India====
⚫ On 6 July 1948, the ] raided a brass merchant's shop in ], after being informed that the shop had utensils with "''Pakistan Zindabad''" markings on them.<ref name="Brass engraved">{{cite news|title=Brass Engraved Slogans|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=j9I-AAAAIBAJ&pg=6064%2C673707|access-date=24 June 2012|newspaper=The Indian Express|date=8 July 1948|location=Moradabad|page=1}}</ref> During the ] in 1956, following communal discord Muslim youths raised the slogan; later in the same year it was heard during a procession organized by students of the ], in protest against a book ''Religious Leaders'' published by ]; however, raising of any ] slogan was denied by ] in the Indian parliament.<ref name="Qamar Hassan">{{cite book|title=Muslims in India: Attitudes Adjustments and Reactions|date=February 1988|publisher=Northern Book Centre|isbn=978-8185119267|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GXryl8xgQ5UC&pg=PA77|author=Qamar Hassan|access-date=21 June 2012|page=77}}</ref><ref name="Paul R. Brass">{{cite book|title=The Production Of Hindu-Muslim Violence In Contemporary India|publisher=University of Washington Press|isbn=978-0295985060|pages=76–77|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QRxmxMttBScC&pg=PA76|author=Paul R. Brass|access-date=22 June 2012|date=15 May 2011}}</ref>
The slogan has also been used by ], who ] to Pakistan, in the ].<ref>{{cite web|author=GreaterKashmir.com (Greater Service) |url=http://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/2012/May/29/-please-read-the-report-is-all-i-can-say--12.asp |title=Please read the report is all I can say Lastupdate:- Tue, 29 May 2012 18:30:00 GMT |publisher=Greaterkashmir.com |date=2012-05-29 |accessdate=2012-06-06}}</ref><ref name=Jagmohan>{{cite book|title=My Frozen Turbulence in Kashmir|year=2006|publisher=Allied Publisher|isbn=978-8177642858|page=2|url=http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=CWjLtfi-ssIC&pg=PA2#v=onepage&q&f=false|author=Jagmohan|accessdate=6 June 2012|month=January}}</ref> On 13 October 1983, during a ] match between ] and ] at ], ], the crowd cheered India's defeat with ''Pakistan Zindabad'' cries.<ref name=Wadhwaney>{{cite book|title=Indian Cricket Controversies|publisher=Ajanta Books International|isbn=978-8128801136|url=http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=wJf6NuadRWEC&pg=PA332#v=onepage&q&f=false|author=K.R. Wadhwaney|accessdate=23 June 2012|page=332|date=1 December 2005}}</ref>


The slogan has also been raised in ] continuously.<ref name="kashmirprocess.org">{{cite web|url=http://kashmirprocess.org/|title=BURIED EVIDENCE|publisher=Kashmir Process.Org|date=2009-12-02|access-date=2012-07-23}}</ref><ref name="dawn.com">{{cite news|url=http://dawn.com/2012/04/07/indian-administered-kashmir-on-strike-after-us-sentences-fai/|title=Indian-administered Kashmir on strike after US sentences Fai|newspaper=Daily Dawn.Com|date=2012-04-17|access-date=2012-07-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=GreaterKashmir.com (Greater Service) |url=http://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/2012/May/29/-please-read-the-report-is-all-i-can-say--12.asp |title=Please read the report is all I can say Lastupdate:- Tue, 29 May 2012 18:30:00 GMT |publisher=Greaterkashmir.com |date=2012-05-29 |access-date=2012-06-06}}</ref>).<ref name=Jagmohan>{{cite book|title=My Frozen Turbulence in Kashmir|date=January 2006|publisher=Allied Publisher|isbn=978-8177642858|page=2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CWjLtfi-ssIC&pg=PA2|author=Jagmohan|access-date=6 June 2012}}</ref> In 1985, a Kashmiri was detained by the local police on a number of charges including raising of the slogan ''"Pakistan Zindabad"'', which was called an anti-national and provocative slogan.<ref name=HRW>{{cite book|title=Kashmir Under Siege|publisher=Human Rights Watch|isbn=978-0300056143|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jrGwSsSchRUC&pg=PA119|access-date=6 June 2012|page=119|date=31 December 1991}}</ref> On 13 October 1983, during a ] match between ] and ] at ], ], spectators, including a group of spectators consisting of members of the Jamait-Tuleba, the student wing of the ], cheered India's defeat with cries of ''Pakistan Zindabad''.<ref name="Wadhwaney">{{cite book|author=]|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wJf6NuadRWEC&pg=PA332|title=Indian Cricket Controversies|date=1 December 2005|publisher=Ajanta Books International|isbn=978-8128801136|page=332|access-date=23 June 2012}}</ref><ref name="Victoria Schofield">{{cite book|title=Kashmir in Conflict: India, Pakistan and the Unending War|publisher=I. B. Tauris|isbn=978-1860648984|url=https://archive.org/details/00book584554548|url-access=registration|author=Victoria Schofield|access-date=15 July 2012|page=|date=18 January 2003}}</ref>
== Notable usage ==
⚫ === Political ===
⚫ The ] ] in a meeting with ] ] repeatedly raised the slogan to show his friendship with Pakistan, during his visit to country in 2009.<ref name="KSA king">{{cite news|title=Saudi king assures full support to Pakistan|url=http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2009%2F04%2F13%2Fstory_13-4-2009_pg7_5|accessdate=24 June 2012|newspaper=Daily Times|date=13 April 2009|location=Islamabad}}</ref>


=== National days === === National days ===
*] slogans - closely related to independence.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=V9ufrUyISBsC&pg=PA9&dq=Literature+%26+Nation:+Britain+and+India+1800-1990+By+Rick+Allen,+Richard+Allen,+Harish+Trivedi&hl=en&sa=X&ei=eL43T47xHoKJhQfgosybAg&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=337&f=false |title=Literature & nation: Britain and India, 1800-1990 - Harish Trivedi, Richard Allen - Google Books |publisher=Books.google.com.pk |date= |accessdate=2012-02-29}}</ref> The slogan is used in speeches, rallies taken out on this day across the world, where Pakistanis celebrate the day.<ref name="Independence day in US">{{cite news|title=Pakistan Independence Day: What should Pakistani-Americans feel?|url=http://www.wbez.org/story/pakistan-independence-day-what-should-pakistani-americans-feel-90502|accessdate=24 June 2012|newspaper=Chicago Public Media|date=12 August 2011|author=Maham Khan}}</ref> *] slogans&nbsp;– closely related to independence.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V9ufrUyISBsC&q=337&pg=PA9 |title=Literature & nation: Britain and India, 1800–1990&nbsp;– Harish Trivedi, Richard Allen&nbsp;– Google Books |isbn=9780415212076 |access-date=2012-02-29|last1=Trivedi |first1=Harish |last2=Allen |first2=Richard |year=2000 }}</ref> The slogan is used in speeches and rallies carried out on this day across the world, where Pakistanis celebrate the day.<ref name="Independence day in US">{{cite news|title=Pakistan Independence Day: What should Pakistani-Americans feel?|url=http://www.wbez.org/story/pakistan-independence-day-what-should-pakistani-americans-feel-90502|access-date=24 June 2012|newspaper=Chicago Public Media|date=12 August 2011|author=Maham Khan|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111108032027/http://www.wbez.org/story/pakistan-independence-day-what-should-pakistani-americans-feel-90502|archive-date=8 November 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>


=== Sports === === Sports ===
*].<ref name="Cricket"/> The slogan is used during Pakistan's cricket matches to support the team and also in jubilation if the team wins, especially big tournaments, historical examples include ],<ref name=Stabroek>{{cite news|title=Five killed in Pakistan cricket celebrations|url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=aaZjAAAAIBAJ&sjid=2iYMAAAAIBAJ&pg=471,3957653|accessdate=24 June 2012|newspaper=Stabroek News|date=27 March 1992|location=Karachi}}</ref> ].<ref name="Geo:T20 2009">{{cite news|title=Pakistan celebrate T20 World Cup win|url=http://www.geo.tv/6-22-2009/44609.htm|accessdate=24 June 2012|newspaper=Geo News|date=22 June 2009}}</ref> *].<ref name="Cricket"/> The slogan is used during Pakistan's cricket matches to support the team and also in jubilation if the team wins, especially big tournaments; historical examples include the ],<ref name=Stabroek>{{cite news|title=Five killed in Pakistan cricket celebrations|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=aaZjAAAAIBAJ&pg=471,3957653|access-date=24 June 2012|newspaper=Stabroek News|date=27 March 1992|location=Karachi}}</ref> ].<ref name="Geo:T20 2009">{{cite news|title=Pakistan celebrate T20 World Cup win|url=http://www.geo.tv/6-22-2009/44609.htm|access-date=24 June 2012|newspaper=Geo News|date=22 June 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141027145050/http://www.geo.tv/6-22-2009/44609.htm|archive-date=27 October 2014}}</ref>


=== Media === === Media ===
* ] - de facto national anthem of ]. * ]&nbsp;– de facto national anthem of ].
* TV and radio shows.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=KkLvAAAAMAAJ&q=%22pak+watan%22&dq=%22pak+watan%22&hl=en&sa=X&ei=MendT4uIIqnM0QXTlcXgCg&ved=0CFQQ6AEwCDge |title=A history of Radio Pakistan - Nihal Ahmad - Google Books |publisher=Books.google.com.pk |date= |accessdate=2012-06-17}}</ref> * TV and radio shows, including a programme on ].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KkLvAAAAMAAJ&q=zindabad |title=A history of Radio Pakistan&nbsp;– Nihal Ahmad&nbsp;– Google Books |page=20 |isbn=9780195978704 |access-date=2012-06-17|last1=Ahmad |first1=Nihal |year=2005 }}</ref>
* A documentary named ''Pakistan Zindabad'' was aired on ] in 2007, documenting the sixty year history of Pakistan.<ref name=documentary>{{cite web|title=Pakistan Zindabad|url=http://www.svt.se/2.61757/1.906662/pakistan_zindabad|work=Documentary Film|publisher=Sveriges Television|accessdate=3 July 2012|year=2007}}</ref> * A documentary named ''Pakistan Zindabad'' was aired on ] in 2007, documenting the sixty-year history of Pakistan.<ref name=documentary>{{cite web|title=Pakistan Zindabad|url=http://www.svt.se/2.61757/1.906662/pakistan_zindabad|work=Documentary Film|publisher=Sveriges Television|access-date=3 July 2012|year=2007}}</ref>
*A song made by ], Pakistan Zindabad was uploaded on 23 March 2019 on YouTube officially.<ref>{{Citation|last=ISPR Official|title=Pakistan Zindabad - 23 Mar 2019 {{!}} Sahir Ali Bagga {{!}} Pakistan Day 2019 (ISPR Official Song)|date=2019-03-21|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MjxGwfa5lxw|access-date=2019-04-20}}</ref>
*A song made by ], Pakistan Zindabad was uploaded on 21 February 2018 on you-tube officially.<ref>{{Citation|last=ISPR Official|title=Pakistan Zindaabad {{!}} Rahat Fateh Ali Khan {{!}} Pakistan Navy (ISPR Official Video)|date=2018-02-21|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PlBvuiZXaPc|access-date=2019-04-20}}</ref>
*]'s official youtube channel has been uploading various songs and documentaries depicting "Pakistan Zindabad" theme.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEwlPFzuck7KyNAnsujkkFg|title=ISPR Official|website=YouTube|language=en|access-date=2019-04-20}}</ref>


==See Also== ==See also==
*] *]
*], the Sindhi equivalent *], the Sindhi equivalent
*] *]
* ] *]


==References== ==References==
{{reflist|2}} {{Reflist|2}}


] ]
] ]
] ]
] ]
]

Latest revision as of 02:07, 26 October 2024

Pakistani patriotic slogan Not to be confused with Pakistan Zindabad (anthem).

Pakistan Zindabad (Urdu: پاکِستان زِندہ‌باد, transl. "Long Live Pakistan") is a patriotic slogan used by Pakistanis in displays of Pakistani nationalism. The phrase became popular among the Muslims of British India after the 1933 publication of the "Pakistan Declaration" by Choudhry Rahmat Ali, who argued that the Muslim minority in British India—particularly in the Muslim-majority regions of Punjab, Afghania, Kashmir, Sindh, and Baluchistan—constituted a nation of an irrevocably distinct nature from the rest of India on "religious, social, and historical grounds" owing primarily to the issue of Hindu–Muslim unity. Ali's ideology was adopted by the All-India Muslim League as the "two-nation theory" and ultimately spurred the Pakistan Movement that led to the partition of British India. During this time, "Pakistan Zindabad" became a widely used slogan and greeting within the Muslim League, and following the creation of Pakistan, it was also used as a rallying cry by Muslims who were migrating to the newly independent state from India as well as by those who were already within Pakistan's borders. The slogan is commonly invoked by Pakistani citizens and Pakistani state institutions on national holidays, during times of armed conflict, and on other major occasions.

Etymology

The slogan is a use of the standard Urdu and Persian suffix Zindabad (Long Live) that is placed after a person or a country name. It is used to express victory, patriotism or as a prayer. In literal translation, Pakistan Zindabad means "Long Live Pakistan"; it also is rendered as "Victory to Pakistan".

History

The Pakistan Zindabad slogan was first raised during the Pakistan Movement. Muslims at that time often wrote the slogan on handkerchiefs or pillowcases. The slogan was equally heard as Jai Hind during a visit by a British parliamentary delegation led by Robert Richards to Delhi, after the British government decided to leave India. On 23 December 1940, the Bihar Muslim Student Federation passed a resolution to adopt Pakistan Zindabad as their national slogan at every meeting, conference or gathering. In 1941, during the days of the Pakistan Movement, Muhammad Ali Jinnah on a visit to Ootacamund was received by a crowd of Muslims chanting Pakistan Zindabad; among them was a young boy of about 10 years age, who was scantily clothed. Jinnah called him and asked, "You were shouting Pakistan Zindabad, what do you know about Pakistan?" The boy replied, "I do not know very much about Pakistan. I only know that Pakistan means Muslim rule where many Muslims live, and Hindu rule where Hindus live," to which Jinnah observed that his message had reached the people and remarked that now the struggle for Pakistan was unstoppable.

During the fight for an independent Pakistan the cry of Pakistan Zindabad was raised by the locals to welcome the refugees coming to Pakistan. The refugees also raised the cry in jubilation when they crossed the border. The slogans of Pakistan Zindabad and its counterpart, Hindustan Zindabad, notably found negative usage in communal riots associated with the fight for independence.

Black and white photograph of a thin man in a suit sitting at a table and looking up and away by two microphones.
Jinnah announcing the creation of Pakistan over All India Radio on 3 June 1947.

On 3rd June 1947, after an agreement for the Partition, the viceroy and the community leaders addressed the public on the radio. Jinnah ended his speech with Pakistan Zindabad!. Some listeners misunderstood his accented Urdu as the much informal "Pakistan's in the bag!". On 14 August 1947, Muhammad Ali Jinnah's motorcade was welcomed by shouts of Pakistan Zindabad, Quaid-e-Azam Zindabad and flower petals all along his way from the Governor General's residence to the Constituent Assembly building and back, where he attended the Proclamation of Independence and a hoisting ceremony of the Pakistan flag.

Battle cry

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (October 2014)

In 1947, during the First Kashmir War, an outpost of the Jammu and Kashmir State force that were under the operational control of Indian Army reported cries of Pakistan Zindabad coming from Haji Pir Pass. Assuming that the pass was invaded and occupied by Pakistanis, the Jammu and Kashmir State forces withdrew from the area and burnt a strategically important bridge. They later discovered it was a false alarm; the men were friendly forces of the Indian Army occupying the pass, who were cut off from Poonch after the bridge was blown away.

Notable usage

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (October 2014)

Political

The Saudi King Abdullah Bin Abdul Aziz in a meeting with Chief of Army Staff Ashfaq Pervez Kayani repeatedly raised the slogan to show his friendship with Pakistan, during his visit to the country in 2009.

Use in India

On 6 July 1948, the Indian Police raided a brass merchant's shop in Moradabad, after being informed that the shop had utensils with "Pakistan Zindabad" markings on them. During the Muharram Processions in 1956, following communal discord Muslim youths raised the slogan; later in the same year it was heard during a procession organized by students of the Aligarh Muslim University, in protest against a book Religious Leaders published by Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan; however, raising of any anti-nationalism slogan was denied by Maulana Abul Kalam Azad in the Indian parliament.

The slogan has also been raised in Indian-administered Kashmir continuously.). In 1985, a Kashmiri was detained by the local police on a number of charges including raising of the slogan "Pakistan Zindabad", which was called an anti-national and provocative slogan. On 13 October 1983, during a limited over cricket match between West Indies and India at Sher-i-Kashmir Stadium, Srinagar, spectators, including a group of spectators consisting of members of the Jamait-Tuleba, the student wing of the Jamaat-e-Islami, cheered India's defeat with cries of Pakistan Zindabad.

National days

  • Independence Day slogans – closely related to independence. The slogan is used in speeches and rallies carried out on this day across the world, where Pakistanis celebrate the day.

Sports

Media

  • Pakistan Zindabad (anthem) – de facto national anthem of East Pakistan.
  • TV and radio shows, including a programme on Radio Pakistan.
  • A documentary named Pakistan Zindabad was aired on Sveriges Television in 2007, documenting the sixty-year history of Pakistan.
  • A song made by ISPR, Pakistan Zindabad was uploaded on 23 March 2019 on YouTube officially.
  • A song made by ISPR, Pakistan Zindabad was uploaded on 21 February 2018 on you-tube officially.
  • ISPR's official youtube channel has been uploading various songs and documentaries depicting "Pakistan Zindabad" theme.

See also

References

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  2. ^ "Pakistan, India have no option but to promote peace: Shahbaz". Thenews.com.pk. Retrieved 6 June 2012.
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  7. ^ "International XI v Asia XI, Toronto: Fans' enthusiasm shields farcical organisation of Toronto T20 | Canada Cricket Features". ESPN Cricinfo. Retrieved 6 June 2012.
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  9. Debadutta Chakravarty (2003). Muslim Separatism and the Partition of India. New Delhi: Atlantic Publishers and Distributors. p. 115. ISBN 978-8126902385. Retrieved 24 June 2012.
  10. Stanley Wolpert (28 November 2002). Gandhi's Passion: The Life and Legacy of Mahatma Gandhi. USA: Oxford University Press. p. 216. ISBN 978-0195156348. Retrieved 23 June 2012.
  11. "Bihar's Muslim Students' Slogan: Pakistan Zindabad". The Indian Express. Patna. 27 December 1940. p. 8. Retrieved 24 June 2012.
  12. Mohammad Ali Jinnah (1992). Waheed Ahmad (ed.). The nation's voice, towards consolidation : speeches and statements / Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah. Vol. 1. Karachi: Quaid-i-Azam Academy. pp. 255–256. ISBN 9694780004.
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  34. Maham Khan (12 August 2011). "Pakistan Independence Day: What should Pakistani-Americans feel?". Chicago Public Media. Archived from the original on 8 November 2011. Retrieved 24 June 2012.
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  36. "Pakistan celebrate T20 World Cup win". Geo News. 22 June 2009. Archived from the original on 27 October 2014. Retrieved 24 June 2012.
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  41. "ISPR Official". YouTube. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
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