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{{No footnotes|date=February 2017}}
{{Infobox nobility|
{{Infobox royalty
| name =William V
| title =Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel | name = William V
| image =WilhelmV-HK.jpg | image = Wilhelm 5 Hessen-Kassel.jpg
| succession = ]
| caption =
| reign = 17 March 1627 –<br/>21 September 1637
| imgw =
| spouse =] | predecessor = ]
| issue =Agnes<br>Moritz<br>Elisabeth<br>Wilhelm<br>Emilie<br>]<br>]<br>Philipp<br>Adolf<br>Karl<br>Susanna Elisabeth<br>Luise | successor = ]
| titles =The Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel | house = ]
| noble family =] | spouse = {{marriage|]|1619}}
| father =] | issue = {{Plainlist|
*Agnes
| mother =]
*Moritz
| birth_date =
*Elisabeth
| birth_place =13 February 1602
*Wilhelm
| death_date =21 September 1637
*Emilie, Duchess of Thouars
| death_place =
*]
| religion = ]
*]
|}}
*Philipp
'''William V of Hesse-Kassel''' ({{lang-de|Wilhelm}}) (February 13, 1602 – September 21, 1637) was the ] in the ] from 1627 to 1637.
*Adolf
*Karl
*Susanna Elisabeth, Princess-Abbess of Herford
*Luise
}}
| father = ]
| mother = ]
| birth_date = {{birth date|1602|2|13|df=yes}}
| birth_place = ], ]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1637|9|21|1602|2|13|df=yes}}
| death_place = ], ]
| burial_place = ]
| religion = ]
}}
'''William V''' ({{langx|de|Wilhelm}}) (13 February 1602 – 21 September 1637), a member of the ], was ] from 1627 to 1637. Having come to rule in unfavorable circumstances and in the midst of the ], he continued to suffer losses of territory and wealth.


==Life==
]
William was born in ], the son of ] and ]. Agnes died shortly after the birth of William and his father subsequently married ]. After losing much of the Hesse-Kassel territory to the Darmstadt line and leaving the family in financial ruin Maurice abdicated in favor of his son. William was born in ], the son of Landgrave ] and his consort ]. His mother died shortly after his birth, and his father subsequently married Countess ].


Maurice, of broad education and interests, inherited half of the estates held by the extinct landgraves of ] in 1604. However, when he converted to ] the next year, he entered into a protracted legal dispute with his ] cousin Landgrave ]. The ] decided in favour of Louis, and on 17 March 1627, after losing much of the territory to the Darmstadt line and leaving the family in financial ruin, Maurice finally abdicated in favor of his son.
William, having come to rule in unfavorable circumstances and in the midst of the ], continued to suffer losses of territory and wealth. William served as Landgrave for ten years—a tenure marked by defeats and losses.
]
William's first order was to obey the verdict and to stabilise the economic situation of the landgraviate. He fought against the '']'' debasement crisis and aimed at reducing the debt burden. In the Thirty Years' War, he allied with his relative King ], whose army disembarked on 6 July 1630 in ].


As a commander, he drove out the ] troops under ] and ] from Hesse. After the Protestant victory at the 1631 ], King Gustavus Adolphus ceded William the abbeys of ], ] and ] as well as the prince-bishoprics of ] and ].
William's widow, ], served as regent for her son ] until he came of age in 1650. Under her leadership many of the lands lost by her father-in-law and husband were regained through various foreign alliances and battles.


William occupied ] and the ] estate of ]; however, when he and Gustavus Adolphus entered the city of ], his cousin Landgrave ], allied with Emperor ], was alarmed and started negotiations with the Swedish king. William's expectations proved to be false, when Gustavus Adolphus only seized the ] fortress and left ] to Landgrave Georg. William's situation worsened when the king was killed in the 1632 ].
In 1650, William's son, ], began his rule as Landgrave, and continued the ] line which almost perished under Maurice and William V.


When in 1635 the emperor concluded the ] with numerous Protestant ], William was left offside. Instead he forged a military alliance with ], which earned him the invasion of Imperial troops. The landgrave again lost Fulda and his ]n conquests and plunged into another debt crisis. He was declared an "enemy of the Empire" while his cousin Georg was appointed administrator of the Hesse-Kassel estates.
One of his daughters, ], married ] and was the mother of the famous ], sister in law of ].


In 1636 the forces of William and the Swedish commander ] were able to liberate the besieged fortress of ]. Nevertheless, by 1637 whole Hesse-Kassel was under military occupation and William was forced to escape. He died in exile in ].
Another daughter, Emily, married ].


William's widow, ], served as regent for her son ] until he came of age in 1650. Under her leadership many of the lands lost by her father-in-law and husband were regained through various foreign alliances and battles. In 1650, William's son, ], began his rule as Landgrave, and continued the ] line, which almost perished under Maurice and William V.
== Ancestors ==

{{ahnentafel top|width=100%}}
One of his daughters, ], married ] and was the mother of the famous ], sister in law of ]. Another daughter, Emily, married ].
{{ahnentafel-compact5

|style=font-size: 90%; line-height: 110%;
==Issue==
|border=1
*Agnes (24 November 1620 – 20 August 1626).
|boxstyle=padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0;
*Maurice (born and died 24 September 1621).
*Elisabeth (21 October 1623 – 13 January 1624).
*William (31 January 1625 – 11 July 1626).
*Emilie (11 February 1626 – 15 February 1693), married 15 May 1648 to ].
*] (20 November 1627 – 16 March 1686), married 12 February 1650 (div. 14 April 1657) to ].
*] (23 May 1629 – 16 July 1663), married 9 July 1646 to ].
*Philipp (16 June 1630 – 17 August 1638).
*Adolf (17 December 1631 – 17 March 1632).
*Karl (18/19 June 1633 – 9 March 1635).
*Elisabeth (23 June 1634 – 22 March 1688), Princess-Abbess of ].
*Stillbirth (8 February 1635).
*Luise (5 November 1636 – 6 January 1638).
*Stillbirth (28 May 1637).

== Ancestry ==
{{ahnentafel
|collapsed=yes |align=center
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;
| 1= 1. '''William V, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel''' | 1= 1. '''William V, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel'''
| 2= 2. ] | 2= 2. ]
Line 48: Line 81:
| 4= 4. ] | 4= 4. ]
| 5= 5. ] | 5= 5. ]
| 6= 6. John George, Count of Solms-Laubach | 6= 6. {{Interlanguage link multi|John George, Count of Solms-Laubach|bg|3=Йохан Георг I фон Золмс-Лаубах}}
| 7= 7. Margaret of Schönburg-Glauchau | 7= 7. ]
| 8= 8. ] | 8= 8. ]
| 9= 9. ] | 9= 9. ]
Line 55: Line 88:
| 11= 11. ] | 11= 11. ]
| 12= 12. ] | 12= 12. ]
| 13= 13. Agnes of Wied | 13= 13. ]
| 14= 14. George II, Baron of Schönburg-Glauchau | 14= 14. ]
| 15= 15. Dorothea of Reuss-Plauen | 15= 15. {{Interlanguage link multi|Dorothea of Reuss-Plauen|de|3=Dorothea von Reuß-Plauen}}
| 16= 16. ]
| 17= 17. ]
| 18= 18. ]
| 19= 19. ]
| 20= 20. ]
| 21= 21. ]
| 22= 22. ]
| 23= 23. ]
| 24= 24. Otto of Solms-Laubach
| 25= 25. Anna of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
| 26= 26. John III of Wied-Runkel
| 27= 27. ]
| 28= 28. George II, Baron of Schönburg-Glauchau
| 29= 29. Amalia of Leisnig
| 30= 30. Henry XIII of Reuss-Greiz
| 31= 31. Amalia of Mansfeld-Vorderort
}} }}

{{ahnentafel bottom}}
{{Reflist|30em}}


==External links== ==External links==
* {{Cite EB1911 |wstitle=Hesse-Cassel |volume=13 |pages=410–411|short=1}}
* ''Encyclopædia Britannica ''1905 article - Hesse-Kassel


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{{s-reg}}
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{{Authority control}}
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see ]. -->

| NAME = William V, Landgrave Of Hesse-Kassel
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel
| DATE OF BIRTH = February 13, 1602
| PLACE OF BIRTH = 13 February 1602
| DATE OF DEATH = 21 September 1637
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:William V, Landgrave Of Hesse-Kassel}} {{DEFAULTSORT:William V, Landgrave Of Hesse-Kassel}}
] ]
]
] ]
] ]
] ]
]
] ]
] ]

Latest revision as of 21:50, 26 October 2024

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Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel
William V
Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel
Reign17 March 1627 –
21 September 1637
PredecessorMaurice
SuccessorWilliam VI
Born(1602-02-13)13 February 1602
Kassel, Hesse-Kassel
Died21 September 1637(1637-09-21) (aged 35)
Leer, East Frisia
BurialMartinskirche, Kassel
Spouse Amalie Elisabeth von Hanau-Münzenberg ​ ​(m. 1619)​
Issue
HouseHesse-Kassel
FatherMaurice, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel
MotherAgnes of Solms-Laubach
ReligionCalvinism

William V (German: Wilhelm) (13 February 1602 – 21 September 1637), a member of the House of Hesse, was Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel from 1627 to 1637. Having come to rule in unfavorable circumstances and in the midst of the Thirty Years' War, he continued to suffer losses of territory and wealth.

Life

William was born in Kassel, the son of Landgrave Maurice of Hesse-Kassel and his consort Agnes of Solms-Laubach. His mother died shortly after his birth, and his father subsequently married Countess Juliane of Nassau-Siegen.

Maurice, of broad education and interests, inherited half of the estates held by the extinct landgraves of Hesse-Marburg in 1604. However, when he converted to Calvinism the next year, he entered into a protracted legal dispute with his Lutheran cousin Landgrave Louis V of Hesse-Darmstadt. The Aulic Council decided in favour of Louis, and on 17 March 1627, after losing much of the territory to the Darmstadt line and leaving the family in financial ruin, Maurice finally abdicated in favor of his son.

Seal of Landgrave William V

William's first order was to obey the verdict and to stabilise the economic situation of the landgraviate. He fought against the Kipper und Wipper debasement crisis and aimed at reducing the debt burden. In the Thirty Years' War, he allied with his relative King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, whose army disembarked on 6 July 1630 in Pomerania.

As a commander, he drove out the Imperial troops under Aldringen and Fugger from Hesse. After the Protestant victory at the 1631 Battle of Breitenfeld, King Gustavus Adolphus ceded William the abbeys of Abbey, Hersfeld and Corvey as well as the prince-bishoprics of Paderborn and Münster.

William occupied Hersfeld and the Mainz estate of Fritzlar; however, when he and Gustavus Adolphus entered the city of Frankfurt, his cousin Landgrave George II of Hesse-Darmstadt, allied with Emperor Ferdinand II, was alarmed and started negotiations with the Swedish king. William's expectations proved to be false, when Gustavus Adolphus only seized the Rüsselsheim fortress and left Upper Hesse to Landgrave Georg. William's situation worsened when the king was killed in the 1632 Battle of Lützen.

When in 1635 the emperor concluded the Peace of Prague with numerous Protestant princes, William was left offside. Instead he forged a military alliance with France, which earned him the invasion of Imperial troops. The landgrave again lost Fulda and his Westphalian conquests and plunged into another debt crisis. He was declared an "enemy of the Empire" while his cousin Georg was appointed administrator of the Hesse-Kassel estates.

In 1636 the forces of William and the Swedish commander Alexander Leslie were able to liberate the besieged fortress of Hanau. Nevertheless, by 1637 whole Hesse-Kassel was under military occupation and William was forced to escape. He died in exile in East Frisia.

William's widow, Amalie Elisabeth von Hanau-Münzenberg, served as regent for her son William VI, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel until he came of age in 1650. Under her leadership many of the lands lost by her father-in-law and husband were regained through various foreign alliances and battles. In 1650, William's son, William VI, began his rule as Landgrave, and continued the Hesse-Kassel line, which almost perished under Maurice and William V.

One of his daughters, Charlotte, married Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine and was the mother of the famous Duchess of Orléans, sister in law of Louis XIV. Another daughter, Emily, married Henri Charles de La Trémoille.

Issue

  • Agnes (24 November 1620 – 20 August 1626).
  • Maurice (born and died 24 September 1621).
  • Elisabeth (21 October 1623 – 13 January 1624).
  • William (31 January 1625 – 11 July 1626).
  • Emilie (11 February 1626 – 15 February 1693), married 15 May 1648 to Henri Charles de La Trémoille.
  • Charlotte (20 November 1627 – 16 March 1686), married 12 February 1650 (div. 14 April 1657) to Charles I Louis of the Palatinate.
  • William VI, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel (23 May 1629 – 16 July 1663), married 9 July 1646 to Margravine Hedwig Sophie of Brandenburg.
  • Philipp (16 June 1630 – 17 August 1638).
  • Adolf (17 December 1631 – 17 March 1632).
  • Karl (18/19 June 1633 – 9 March 1635).
  • Elisabeth (23 June 1634 – 22 March 1688), Princess-Abbess of Herford.
  • Stillbirth (8 February 1635).
  • Luise (5 November 1636 – 6 January 1638).
  • Stillbirth (28 May 1637).

Ancestry

Ancestors of William V, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel
8. Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse
4. William IV, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel
9. Christine of Saxony
2. Maurice, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel
10. Christoph, Duke of Württemberg
5. Sabine of Württemberg
11. Anna Maria of Brandenburg-Ansbach
1. William V, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel
12. Frederick Magnus I, Count of Solms-Laubach
6. John George, Count of Solms-Laubach [bg]
13. Agnes of Wied
3. Agnes of Solms-Laubach
14. George II of Schönburg-Glauchau
7. Margaret of Schönburg-Glauchau
15. Dorothea of Reuss-Plauen [de]

External links

William V, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel House of HesseBorn: 13 February 1602 Died: 21 September 1637
Regnal titles
Preceded byMaurice Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel
1627-1637 		Succeeded byWilliam VI
Categories: