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			{{Short description\|Earl of the house of Hlaðir and co-ruler of Norway}}{{Multiple issues\|
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	Division of Norway after the Battle of Svolder according to the '']''.]]		Division of Norway after the Battle of Svolder according to the '']''.]]
	'''Sweyn Haakonsson''' (]: ''Sveinn Hákonarson'', {{~~lang-~~no\|Svein Håkonsson}})<ref>Anglicized and modern Scandinavian forms include ''Svein'', ''Sweyn'', ''Svend'' and ''Sven''.</ref> (died c. 1016) was an ] and co-ruler of Norway from 1000 to c. 1015. He was the son of earl ]. He is first mentioned in connection with the ], where the '']'' says he commanded 60 ships. After the ] in the year 1000, Sveinn became co-ruler of Norway with his half-brother, ]. After Eiríkr went to England in 1014, Sveinn was co-ruler with ]. In 1015,<ref>Or 1014 or 1016, the sources are hard to reconcile.</ref> ] arrived in Norway and claimed the throne. He defeated Sveinn and his allies in the ]. Sveinn retreated to Sweden, intending to muster a force to retake Norway but he died of an illness before he could return.		'''Sweyn Haakonsson''' (]: ''Sveinn Hákonarson'', {{langx\|no\|Svein Håkonsson}})<ref>Anglicized and modern Scandinavian forms include ''Svein'', ''Sweyn'', ''Svend'' and ''Sven''.</ref> (died c. 1016) was an ] and co-ruler of Norway from 1000 to c. 1015. He was the son of earl ]. He is first mentioned in connection with the ], where the '']'' says he commanded 60 ships. After the ] in the year 1000, Sveinn became co-ruler of Norway with his half-brother, ]. After Eiríkr went to England in 1014, Sveinn was co-ruler with ]. In 1015,<ref>Or 1014 or 1016, the sources are hard to reconcile.</ref> ] arrived in Norway and claimed the throne. He defeated Sveinn and his allies in the ]. Sveinn retreated to Sweden, intending to muster a force to retake Norway but he died of an illness before he could return.

	Sveinn married Hólmfríðr, who was either the daughter or sister of king ]. They had the daughter Sigríðr, who was married to Áslákr, son of ]. Another daughter, Gunnhildr, was married to ].		Sveinn married Hólmfríðr, who was either the daughter or sister of king ]. They had the daughter Sigríðr, who was married to Áslákr, son of ]. Another daughter, Gunnhildr, was married to ].

	Only one court-poet, ], is recorded as being in Sveinn's service and very little of his poetry has ~~come~~ ~~down~~ ~~to us~~.		Only one court-poet, ], is recorded as being in Sveinn's service and very little of his poetry has survived throughout history.

	The written sources mentioning Sveinn were all written over 150 years after his death. The Swedish historian Staffan Hellberg in 1972 claimed to be able to show that Sveinn was a fictitious person, and that he had never lived.<ref>Hellberg, Staffan (1972). ''Slaget vid Nesjar och "Sven jarl Håkonsson"''. Scripta Islandica, Uppsala 1972, pp. 21–30 (in Swedish).</ref> The debate about this formed part of the wider debate about the value of the 12th and 13th century sagas for 11th century history and earlier, and is an example of the saga skepticism, particularly widespread in Swedish academia. Hellberg's conclusions remain speculative.		The written sources mentioning Sveinn were all written over 150 years after his death. The Swedish historian Staffan Hellberg in 1972 claimed to be able to show that Sveinn was a fictitious person, and that he had never lived.<ref>Hellberg, Staffan (1972). ''Slaget vid Nesjar och "Sven jarl Håkonsson"''. Scripta Islandica, Uppsala 1972, pp. 21–30 (in Swedish).</ref> The debate about this formed part of the wider debate about the value of the 12th and 13th century sagas for 11th century history and earlier, and is an example of the saga skepticism, particularly widespread in Swedish academia. Hellberg's conclusions remain speculative.
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Latest revision as of 02:58, 29 October 2024

Earl of the house of Hlaðir and co-ruler of Norway

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Sweyn Haakonsson (Old Norse: Sveinn Hákonarson, Norwegian: Svein Håkonsson) (died c. 1016) was an earl of the house of Hlaðir and co-ruler of Norway from 1000 to c. 1015. He was the son of earl Hákon Sigurðarson. He is first mentioned in connection with the battle of Hjörungavágr, where the Heimskringla says he commanded 60 ships. After the battle of Svolder in the year 1000, Sveinn became co-ruler of Norway with his half-brother, Eiríkr Hákonarson. After Eiríkr went to England in 1014, Sveinn was co-ruler with Hákon Eiríksson. In 1015, Óláfr Haraldsson arrived in Norway and claimed the throne. He defeated Sveinn and his allies in the battle of Nesjar. Sveinn retreated to Sweden, intending to muster a force to retake Norway but he died of an illness before he could return.

Sveinn married Hólmfríðr, who was either the daughter or sister of king Óláfr of Sweden. They had the daughter Sigríðr, who was married to Áslákr, son of Erlingr Skjálgsson. Another daughter, Gunnhildr, was married to Sveinn Úlfsson.

Only one court-poet, Bersi Skáldtorfuson, is recorded as being in Sveinn's service and very little of his poetry has survived throughout history.

The written sources mentioning Sveinn were all written over 150 years after his death. The Swedish historian Staffan Hellberg in 1972 claimed to be able to show that Sveinn was a fictitious person, and that he had never lived. The debate about this formed part of the wider debate about the value of the 12th and 13th century sagas for 11th century history and earlier, and is an example of the saga skepticism, particularly widespread in Swedish academia. Hellberg's conclusions remain speculative.

Notes

Anglicized and modern Scandinavian forms include Svein, Sweyn, Svend and Sven.
Or 1014 or 1016, the sources are hard to reconcile.
Hellberg, Staffan (1972). Slaget vid Nesjar och "Sven jarl Håkonsson". Scripta Islandica, Uppsala 1972, pp. 21–30 (in Swedish).

References

Finlay, Alison (editor and translator) (2004). Fagrskinna, a Catalogue of the Kings of Norway. Brill Academic Publishers. ISBN 90-04-13172-8
Hollander, Lee M. (editor and translator). (1991). Heimskringla : History of the Kings of Norway. University of Texas Press. ISBN 0-292-73061-6

Monarchs of Norway

I. Independent Norway

Foreign and non-royal
rulers in italics, disputed
monarchs in brackets

872–1387

Kalmar Union

1387–1523	Margaret Eric III Christopher Charles I Christian I John Christian II

Denmark–Norway

1524–1814	Frederick I Christian III Frederick II Christian IV Frederick III Christian V Frederick IV Christian VI Frederick V Christian VII Frederick VI

II. Independent Norway

1814	Christian Frederick

Union with Sweden

1814–1905	Charles II Charles III John Oscar I Charles IV Oscar II

III. Independent Norway

Since 1905	Haakon VII Olav V Harald V

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