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| {{Short description|Coastal area in Sweden}} | {{Short description|Coastal area in Sweden}} | ||
| {{More citations needed|date=February 2024}} | |||
| {{Infobox UNESCO World Heritage Site | {{Infobox UNESCO World Heritage Site | ||
| | image = High Coast from Skuleberget - Panorama.jpg | | image = High Coast from Skuleberget - Panorama.jpg | ||
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| The '''High Coast''' ({{ |
The '''High Coast''' ({{langx|sv|Höga Kusten}}) is a part of the ] of ] on the ], in the ] province of northeast Sweden, centered in the area of the municipalities of ], ], ] and ]. It is notable as an area for research on ] and ], in which the land rises as the covering ]s melt, a phenomenon first recognised and studied there. Since the last ], the land has risen 300 meters,<ref>{{Cite web |title=högsta kustlinjen - Uppslagsverk - NE.se |url=https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/h%C3%B6gsta-kustlinjen |access-date=2023-06-28 |website=www.ne.se}}</ref> which accounts for the region's unusually tall cliffs. The High Coast is part of the Swedish/Finnish ] ] ] because of its exceptional geology and unique example of ].<ref name = "unesco">{{cite web |url = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/898/ |title = High Coast/Kvarken Archipelago |website = UNESCO World Heritage Centre |publisher = United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization |access-date = 3 October 2021}}</ref> | ||
| == |
==Geology== | ||
| ⚫ | The relief of the High Coast is that of a ] that dissects uplifted remnants of the ].<ref name=Karna>{{cite journal |last=Lidmar-Bergströrm |first=Karna |author-link=Karna Lidmar-Bergström|date=1995 |title=Relief and saprolites through time on the Baltic Shield |journal=] |publisher=Elsevier |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=45–61 |doi=10.1016/0169-555X(94)00076-4 |bibcode=1995Geomo..12...45L }}</ref><ref name=Lidmar-BergstromOlvmo2015>{{cite report |last1=Lidmar-Bergström |first1=Karna |author-link=Karna Lidmar-Bergström |last2=Olvmo |first2=Mats |date=2015 |title=Plains, steps, hilly relief and valleys in northern Sweden – review, interpretations and implications for conclusions on Phanerozoic tectonics |url=http://resource.sgu.se/produkter/c/c838-rapport.pdf |publisher=] |page=12 |access-date=2016-06-29 }}</ref> | ||
| ⚫ | The area known today as ''Höga Kusten'' has historically been known as the ''Ångermanland Coast''.<ref>Johan Nordlander 1853-1934 ''Gävlebornas fiskefärder till Ångermanlands kust 1924'' (''Trips to the Ångermanland coast by fishermen from Gävle'')</ref><ref>Lars Silén. ''Några ryggradslösa havsdjur från Ångermanlands kust (utanför Ulvön); Svensk faunistisk revy; 1955(17):4, s. 110-114Marine invertebrates from the Ångermanland coast (outside Ulvön). Included in the Swedish Revue of Fauna 1955 (17):4 pp 110-114''</ref> | ||
| During the ] of the past 2-3 million years, the High Coast was repeatedly covered by continental ice sheet, including the ] until roughly 9600 years ago.<ref name = "unesco"/><ref name = "iucn">{{cite report |url = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/898/documents/ |title = World Heritage Nomination - IUCN Technical Evaluation: The High Coast (Sweden) |author = International Union on Conservation of Nature (IUCN) |date = August 2000 |access-date = 3 October 2021}}</ref> When the glaciers retreated from the High Coast, the ground, which had been compacted by the weight of the ice sheet, went through rapid uplift, a process known as isostatic rebound. This rebound cause uplift of roughly 285 meters, the highest known isostatic rebound on Earth.<ref name = "unesco"/> The region is still rising, on the order of 8 mm per year.<ref name = "nominate">{{cite report |title = Title |url = http://whc.unesco.org/uploads/nominations/898bis.pdf |author = Government of Sweden |publisher = UNESCO |date = 2 December 2000 |access-date = 3 October 2021}}</ref> Remains of the former shorelines can be seen along the High Coast.<ref name = "iucn"/> | |||
| In 1974, the term ''High Coast'' ({{lang-sv|Höga Kusten}}) was coined in connection with a report on the area.<ref>Höga Kustenutredningen. Huvudrapport Höga Kusten-kommittén. Härnösand: Kommittén, 1974 (Swedish) 329 s., 5 maps (Main report from the High Coast Committee. Härnösand 1974.</ref> | |||
| Some of the fish species found in the High Coast are relict species from the most recent ice age, including the ].<ref name = "nominate"/> Other animal species resident to the high coast include ], ], and ].<ref name = "iucn"/> | |||
| ⚫ | In 2000, ] put the area on the World Heritage List: <blockquote>"The High Coast site affords outstanding opportunities for the understanding of the important processes that formed the ] and land ] areas of the Earth's surface." |
||
| ==History== | |||
| In 2006, the High Coast was joined with the Finnish ] areas.{{citation needed|date=January 2020}} | |||
| ⚫ | The area known today as ''Höga Kusten'' has historically been known as the ''Ångermanland Coast''.<ref>Johan Nordlander 1853-1934 ''Gävlebornas fiskefärder till Ångermanlands kust 1924'' (''Trips to the Ångermanland coast by fishermen from Gävle'')</ref><ref>Lars Silén. ''Några ryggradslösa havsdjur från Ångermanlands kust (utanför Ulvön); Svensk faunistisk revy; 1955(17):4, s. 110-114Marine invertebrates from the Ångermanland coast (outside Ulvön). Included in the Swedish Revue of Fauna 1955 (17):4 pp 110-114''</ref> In 1974, the term ''High Coast'' ({{langx|sv|Höga Kusten}}) was coined in connection with a report on the area.<ref>Höga Kustenutredningen. Huvudrapport Höga Kusten-kommittén. Härnösand: Kommittén, 1974 (Swedish) 329 s., 5 maps (Main report from the High Coast Committee. Härnösand 1974.</ref> | ||
| ⚫ | In 2000, ] put the area on the World Heritage List: <blockquote>"The High Coast site affords outstanding opportunities for the understanding of the important processes that formed the ] and land ] areas of the Earth's surface."<ref name = "unesco"/></blockquote> In 2006, the High Coast was joined with the Finnish ] areas.<ref name = "unesco"/> The World Heritage Site ranges from the ] (Swedish: ]) in the South to ] in the North. | ||
| ==Geography== | |||
| ⚫ | The relief of the High Coast is that of a ] that dissects uplifted remnants of the ].<ref name=Karna>{{cite journal |last=Lidmar-Bergströrm |first=Karna |author-link=Karna Lidmar-Bergström|date=1995 |title=Relief and saprolites through time on the Baltic Shield |journal=] |publisher=Elsevier |volume=12 |pages=45–61 }}</ref><ref name=Lidmar-BergstromOlvmo2015>{{cite report |last1=Lidmar-Bergström |first1=Karna |author-link=Karna Lidmar-Bergström |last2=Olvmo |first2=Mats |date=2015 |title=Plains, steps, hilly relief and valleys in northern Sweden – review, interpretations and implications for conclusions on Phanerozoic tectonics |url=http://resource.sgu.se/produkter/c/c838-rapport.pdf |publisher=] |page=12 |access-date=2016-06-29 }}</ref> | ||
| ==Attractions== | ==Attractions== | ||
| The most popular places to visit in the High Coast of Sweden are ], ], and the islands ] and ].{{citation needed|date=January 2020}} | The most popular places to visit in the High Coast of Sweden are ], ], and the islands ] and ].{{citation needed|date=January 2020}} | ||
| The High Coast of Sweden is considered to be excellent for hiking and has been cited as one of the best hiking regions in Sweden.{{citation needed|date=January 2020}} | The High Coast of Sweden is considered to be excellent for hiking and has been cited as one of the best hiking regions in Sweden.{{citation needed|date=January 2020}} | ||
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| Both outdoor magazines (such as Utemagasinet and ]) and daily newspapers (such as ]) rank the High Coast Trail as one of the best of Sweden's hiking trails.{{citation needed|date=January 2020}} | Both outdoor magazines (such as Utemagasinet and ]) and daily newspapers (such as ]) rank the High Coast Trail as one of the best of Sweden's hiking trails.{{citation needed|date=January 2020}} | ||
| The |
The High Coast Trail is a 128-kilometer long trail along the High Coast. For day hikes, Skule Mountain and Skule National park are popular. The ] (Höga Kusten Hike) is an annual event considered suitable for both experienced and new hikers.{{citation needed|date=January 2020}} | ||
| The ] is |
The ] is located in the region, while there are a number of picturesque islands and fishing villages in the area. | ||
| ] | ] | ||
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| * | * {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140503091024/http://www.skulenationalpark.se/ |date=2014-05-03 }} | ||
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Latest revision as of 19:32, 29 October 2024
Coastal area in Sweden | This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "High Coast" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (February 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this message) |
| UNESCO World Heritage Site | |
|---|---|
 View over the High Coast from the top of the Skule Mountain in August 2013 | |
| Location | Västernorrland County, Sweden |
| Part of | High Coast / Kvarken Archipelago |
| Criteria | Natural: (viii) |
| Reference | 898bis-001 |
| Inscription | 2000 (24th Session) |
| Extensions | 2006 |
| Area | 142,500 ha (352,000 acres) |
| Coordinates | 63°0′N 18°30′E / 63.000°N 18.500°E / 63.000; 18.500 |
  Location of High Coast in Sweden | |
The High Coast (Swedish: Höga Kusten) is a part of the coast of Sweden on the Gulf of Bothnia, in the Ångermanland province of northeast Sweden, centered in the area of the municipalities of Kramfors, Härnösand, Sollefteå and Örnsköldsvik. It is notable as an area for research on post-glacial rebound and eustacy, in which the land rises as the covering glaciers melt, a phenomenon first recognised and studied there. Since the last ice age, the land has risen 300 meters, which accounts for the region's unusually tall cliffs. The High Coast is part of the Swedish/Finnish High Coast/Kvarken Archipelago UNESCO World Heritage Site because of its exceptional geology and unique example of isostatic rebound.
Geology
The relief of the High Coast is that of a large scale joint valley terrain that dissects uplifted remnants of the Sub-Cambrian peneplain.
During the Ice Ages of the past 2-3 million years, the High Coast was repeatedly covered by continental ice sheet, including the Fennoscandian ice sheet until roughly 9600 years ago. When the glaciers retreated from the High Coast, the ground, which had been compacted by the weight of the ice sheet, went through rapid uplift, a process known as isostatic rebound. This rebound cause uplift of roughly 285 meters, the highest known isostatic rebound on Earth. The region is still rising, on the order of 8 mm per year. Remains of the former shorelines can be seen along the High Coast.
Some of the fish species found in the High Coast are relict species from the most recent ice age, including the Fourhorn sculpin. Other animal species resident to the high coast include brown bears, lynx, and moose.
History
The area known today as Höga Kusten has historically been known as the Ångermanland Coast. In 1974, the term High Coast (Swedish: Höga Kusten) was coined in connection with a report on the area.
In 2000, UNESCO put the area on the World Heritage List:
"The High Coast site affords outstanding opportunities for the understanding of the important processes that formed the glaciated and land uplift areas of the Earth's surface."
In 2006, the High Coast was joined with the Finnish Kvarken areas. The World Heritage Site ranges from the High Coast Bridge (Swedish: Högakustenbron) in the South to Skagsudde in the North.
Attractions
The most popular places to visit in the High Coast of Sweden are Skule Mountain, Skuleskogen National Park, and the islands Ulvön and Trysunda.
The High Coast of Sweden is considered to be excellent for hiking and has been cited as one of the best hiking regions in Sweden.
Both outdoor magazines (such as Utemagasinet and Outside) and daily newspapers (such as Svenska Dagbladet) rank the High Coast Trail as one of the best of Sweden's hiking trails.
The High Coast Trail is a 128-kilometer long trail along the High Coast. For day hikes, Skule Mountain and Skule National park are popular. The High Coast Hike (Höga Kusten Hike) is an annual event considered suitable for both experienced and new hikers.
The Höga Kusten Bridge is located in the region, while there are a number of picturesque islands and fishing villages in the area.
References
- "högsta kustlinjen - Uppslagsverk - NE.se". www.ne.se. Retrieved 2023-06-28.
- ^ "High Coast/Kvarken Archipelago". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. Retrieved 3 October 2021.
- Lidmar-Bergströrm, Karna (1995). "Relief and saprolites through time on the Baltic Shield". Geomorphology. 12 (1). Elsevier: 45–61. Bibcode:1995Geomo..12...45L. doi:10.1016/0169-555X(94)00076-4.
- Lidmar-Bergström, Karna; Olvmo, Mats (2015). Plains, steps, hilly relief and valleys in northern Sweden – review, interpretations and implications for conclusions on Phanerozoic tectonics (PDF) (Report). Geological Survey of Sweden. p. 12. Retrieved 2016-06-29.
- ^ International Union on Conservation of Nature (IUCN) (August 2000). World Heritage Nomination - IUCN Technical Evaluation: The High Coast (Sweden) (Report). Retrieved 3 October 2021.
- ^ Government of Sweden (2 December 2000). Title (PDF) (Report). UNESCO. Retrieved 3 October 2021.
- Johan Nordlander 1853-1934 Gävlebornas fiskefärder till Ångermanlands kust 1924 (Trips to the Ångermanland coast by fishermen from Gävle)
- Lars Silén. Några ryggradslösa havsdjur från Ångermanlands kust (utanför Ulvön); Svensk faunistisk revy; 1955(17):4, s. 110-114Marine invertebrates from the Ångermanland coast (outside Ulvön). Included in the Swedish Revue of Fauna 1955 (17):4 pp 110-114
- Höga Kustenutredningen. Huvudrapport Höga Kusten-kommittén. Härnösand: Kommittén, 1974 (Swedish) 329 s., 5 maps (Main report from the High Coast Committee. Härnösand 1974.
Bibliography
- Bergström, Lars (1975). Höga kusten: natur, människor och tradition längs kusten från Sundsvall till Örnsköldsvik - ett av Sveriges vackraste och mest särpräglade landskap ISBN 91-0-040427-6 Stockholm : Bonniers 1975 80pp (The High Coast: the landscape, people and traditions along the coast from Sundsvall to Örnsköldsvik - one of Sweden's most beautiful and distinctive landscapes) (Swedish)
External links
Media related to High Coast (Sweden) at Wikimedia Commons
- Höga Kusten tourism website
- High Coast/Kvarken Archipelago World Heritage Site's official website
- High Coast Hike - Annual Hiking Event
- Skuleskogen Nationalpark website Archived 2014-05-03 at the Wayback Machine
- Skule Mountain - Visitor Guide
- Ulvön Island - Visitor Guide
- Höga Kusten Bridge
- Västernorrland County Museum Website
- UNESCO World Heritage profile
| World Heritage Sites in Sweden | ||
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| For official site names, see each article or the List of World Heritage Sites in Sweden. | ||
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