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{{Short description|American businessman (1947–2021)}}
{{Other people|Robert Altman}} {{Other people|Robert Altman}}
{{Short description|American businessman}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2021}} {{Use mdy dates|date=February 2021}}
{{Infobox person {{Infobox person
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| death_date = {{Death date and age|2021|02|03|1947|02|23}} | death_date = {{Death date and age|2021|02|03|1947|02|23}}
| death_place = ], Maryland, U.S. | death_place = ], Maryland, U.S.
| alma_mater = ] (JD) | alma_mater = ]<br>(AB)<br>] (JD)
| occupation = Businessman, lawyer | occupation = Businessman, lawyer
| years_active = | years_active =
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}} }}


'''Robert Alan Altman''' (February 23, 1947{{spaced endash}}February 3, 2021) was an American lawyer and video game executive. He worked as a lawyer in ] and was involved in a scandal surrounding the ]. In 1999, he and ] founded ] as the parent ] for ], a ] Weaver had founded earlier. Altman served as ZeniMax Media's ] and ] until his death. He was also a member of the ] of the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.law.gwu.edu/board-of-advisors |title=Dean's Advisory Council |website=] |access-date=June 26, 2016 |archive-date=September 19, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160919070512/https://www.law.gwu.edu/board-of-advisors |url-status=live}}</ref> '''Robert Alan Altman''' (February 23, 1947{{spaced endash}}February 3, 2021) was an American lawyer and video game executive. He worked as a lawyer in ], and was involved in a scandal surrounding the ]. In 1999, he and ] founded ] as the parent ] for ], a ] Weaver had founded earlier. Altman served as ZeniMax Media's ] and ] until his death. He was also a member of the ] of the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.law.gwu.edu/board-of-advisors |title=Dean's Advisory Council |website=] |access-date=June 26, 2016 |archive-date=September 19, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160919070512/https://www.law.gwu.edu/board-of-advisors |url-status=live}}</ref>


== Early life == == Early life ==
Robert Alan Altman was born in ], on February 23, 1947.<ref name="WaPo: Robert Altman obituary">{{cite web |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/robert-altman-dead/2021/02/05/cdc9586a-67c4-11eb-886d-5264d4ceb46d_story.html |title=Robert A. Altman, who went from banking scandal to video game CEO, dies at 73 |first=Harrison |last=Smith |date=February 6, 2021 |website=] |access-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206152916/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/robert-altman-dead/2021/02/05/cdc9586a-67c4-11eb-886d-5264d4ceb46d_story.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Desert News: Gannett profile">{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/69377549/clark-clifford-robert-altman/ |title=Clark Clifford, Robert Altman / Biographies at a glance |agency=Gannett News Service |newspaper=] |date=September 12, 1991 |page=25 |access-date=February 4, 2021 |archive-date=February 4, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204231621/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/69377549/clark-clifford-robert-altman/ |url-status=live}}</ref> His father, Norman S. Altman (–1997), was a graduate of ], a ] lawyer and investor, a government lawyer during the ], and a co-founder of the law firm Krooth and Altman.<ref name="WaPo: Robert Altman obituary" /><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1997/11/23/itt-empire-builder-harold-s-geneen-dies-at-87/8b88931b-6d8f-47f0-b6c9-c45d73c162c8/ |title=ITT Empire Builder Harold S. Geneen Dies at 87 |first=Martin |last=Weil |date=November 23, 1997 |website=] |access-date=February 11, 2020 |archive-date=April 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200422220202/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1997/11/23/itt-empire-builder-harold-s-geneen-dies-at-87/8b88931b-6d8f-47f0-b6c9-c45d73c162c8/ |url-status=live}}</ref> His mother, Sophie B. Altman (] Robinson; –2008), was a graduate of ], a ], and created the program '']'' in 1961.<ref name="WaPo: Robert Altman obituary" /><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1991/10/26/sophie-altman-sticking-up-for-her-son/b268a0a9-eef8-47f9-9ec5-3b7b8b92dbfe/ |title=Sophie Altman, Sticking Up for Her Son |first=Howard |last=Kurtz |date=October 26, 1991 |website=] |access-date=August 14, 2016 |archive-date=September 10, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160910221428/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1991/10/26/sophie-altman-sticking-up-for-her-son/b268a0a9-eef8-47f9-9ec5-3b7b8b92dbfe/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="NYTimes: Sophie Altman obituary">{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/29/arts/television/29altman.html |title=Sophie B. Altman, Who Started Quiz Show in 1961, Dies at 95 |first=Douglas |last=Martin |date=May 29, 2008 |website=] |access-date=February 18, 2017 |archive-date=December 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222110217/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/29/arts/television/29altman.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Robert A. Altman had three sisters: Janet R. Spragens (–2006), Susan Altman, and Nancy Altman.<ref name="NYTimes: Sophie Altman obituary" /> Robert Alan Altman was born in ], on February 23, 1947.<ref name="WaPo: Robert Altman obituary">{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/robert-altman-dead/2021/02/05/cdc9586a-67c4-11eb-886d-5264d4ceb46d_story.html |title=Robert A. Altman, who went from banking scandal to video game CEO, dies at 73 |first=Harrison |last=Smith |date=February 6, 2021 |newspaper=] |access-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206152916/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/robert-altman-dead/2021/02/05/cdc9586a-67c4-11eb-886d-5264d4ceb46d_story.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Desert News: Gannett profile">{{cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/69377549/clark-clifford-robert-altman/ |title=Clark Clifford, Robert Altman / Biographies at a glance |agency=Gannett News Service |newspaper=] |date=September 12, 1991 |page=25 |access-date=February 4, 2021 |archive-date=February 4, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204231621/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/69377549/clark-clifford-robert-altman/ |url-status=live}}</ref> His father, Norman S. Altman (–1997), was a graduate of ], a ] lawyer and investor, a government lawyer during the ], and a co-founder of the law firm Krooth and Altman.<ref name="WaPo: Robert Altman obituary" /><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1997/11/23/itt-empire-builder-harold-s-geneen-dies-at-87/8b88931b-6d8f-47f0-b6c9-c45d73c162c8/ |title=ITT Empire Builder Harold S. Geneen Dies at 87 |first=Martin |last=Weil |date=November 23, 1997 |newspaper=] |access-date=February 11, 2020 |archive-date=April 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200422220202/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1997/11/23/itt-empire-builder-harold-s-geneen-dies-at-87/8b88931b-6d8f-47f0-b6c9-c45d73c162c8/ |url-status=live}}</ref> His mother, Sophie B. Altman (] Robinson; –2008), was a graduate of ], a ], and created the program '']'' in 1961.<ref name="WaPo: Robert Altman obituary" /><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1991/10/26/sophie-altman-sticking-up-for-her-son/b268a0a9-eef8-47f9-9ec5-3b7b8b92dbfe/ |title=Sophie Altman, Sticking Up for Her Son |first=Howard |last=Kurtz |date=October 26, 1991 |newspaper=] |access-date=August 14, 2016 |archive-date=September 10, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160910221428/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1991/10/26/sophie-altman-sticking-up-for-her-son/b268a0a9-eef8-47f9-9ec5-3b7b8b92dbfe/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="NYTimes: Sophie Altman obituary">{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/29/arts/television/29altman.html |title=Sophie B. Altman, Who Started Quiz Show in 1961, Dies at 95 |first=Douglas |last=Martin |date=May 29, 2008 |website=] |access-date=February 18, 2017 |archive-date=December 22, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171222110217/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/29/arts/television/29altman.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Robert A. Altman had three sisters: Janet R. Spragens (–2006), Susan Altman, and Nancy Altman.<ref name="NYTimes: Sophie Altman obituary" />


Robert A. Altman was raised in the ] neighborhood of Washington, D.C., and graduated from ]. He obtained a ] at the ] in 1968 and returned to D.C. to attend ], earning a ] degree in 1971.<ref name="WaPo: Robert Altman obituary" /><ref name="WaPo: Cloud">{{cite web |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1991/08/02/cloud-over-a-rising-star/81270fc1-0eda-4c1c-a63d-8f08922a1f7f/ |title=Cloud Over a Rising Star |first=Sharon |last=Walsh |date=August 2, 1991 |website=] |access-date=February 11, 2020 |archive-date=April 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200422113316/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1991/08/02/cloud-over-a-rising-star/81270fc1-0eda-4c1c-a63d-8f08922a1f7f/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Robert A. Altman was raised in the ] neighborhood of Washington, D.C., and graduated from ]. He obtained a ] in political science at the ]<ref>{{cite web |title=Altman Family Scholarship Fund |url=https://wisc.academicworks.com/opportunities/45131 |website=wisc.academicworks.com |publisher=Blackbaud, Inc./University of Wisconsin Madison |access-date=17 September 2022}}</ref> in 1968 and returned to D.C. to attend ], where he was editor of its ] and earned a ] degree in 1971.<ref name="WaPo: Robert Altman obituary" /><ref name="WaPo: Cloud">{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1991/08/02/cloud-over-a-rising-star/81270fc1-0eda-4c1c-a63d-8f08922a1f7f/ |title=Cloud Over a Rising Star |first=Sharon |last=Walsh |date=August 2, 1991 |newspaper=] |access-date=February 11, 2020 |archive-date=April 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200422113316/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1991/08/02/cloud-over-a-rising-star/81270fc1-0eda-4c1c-a63d-8f08922a1f7f/ |url-status=live}}</ref>


==Career== ==Career==
===Law office=== ===Law office===
Altman practiced law for many years in Washington, D.C. as a partner of ], a former ] in the law firm of Clifford and Warnke. Altman later opened his own law firm, the Law Offices of Robert Altman where Clifford was of counsel. As a Washington, D.C. lawyer, Altman represented major companies before federal regulatory agencies, before Congress, or in litigation.<ref name="NYTimes: BCCI inquiry">{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/09/03/business/friendship-washington-bank-trail-money-leading-bcci-clifford-altman-mentor.html |title=A Friendship, a Washington Bank and a Trail of Money Leading to B.C.C.I.; Clifford and Altman, Mentor and Protege, At Center of Inquiry |first=Neil A. |last=Lewis |date=September 3, 1991 |website=] |access-date=February 18, 2017 |archive-date=September 16, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160916090755/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/09/03/business/friendship-washington-bank-trail-money-leading-bcci-clifford-altman-mentor.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Altman practiced law for many years in Washington, D.C., as a partner of ], a former ] in the law firm of Clifford and Warnke. Altman later opened his own law firm, the Law Offices of Robert Altman where Clifford was of counsel. As a Washington, D.C., attorney, Altman represented major companies before federal regulatory agencies, before Congress, or in litigation.<ref name="NYTimes: BCCI inquiry">{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/09/03/business/friendship-washington-bank-trail-money-leading-bcci-clifford-altman-mentor.html |title=A Friendship, a Washington Bank and a Trail of Money Leading to B.C.C.I.; Clifford and Altman, Mentor and Protege, At Center of Inquiry |first=Neil A. |last=Lewis |date=September 3, 1991 |website=] |access-date=February 18, 2017 |archive-date=September 16, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160916090755/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/09/03/business/friendship-washington-bank-trail-money-leading-bcci-clifford-altman-mentor.html |url-status=live}}</ref>


From 1978 to 1982, Altman and Clifford represented a group of wealthy Arab businessmen, including members of the royal family from Abu Dhabi and Saudi Arabia in their efforts to acquire a multi-state bank holding company, Financial General Bankshares. The Arab investors used a British bank, ] (BCCI) as their financial advisor in this transaction. Following the acquisition, Altman became President of Financial General which was renamed ].<ref name="WaPo: Cloud" /><ref name="NYTimes: BCCI inquiry" /> From 1978 to 1982, Altman and Clifford represented a group of wealthy Arab businessmen, including members of the royal family from Abu Dhabi and Saudi Arabia in their efforts to acquire a multi-state bank holding company, Financial General Bankshares. The Arab investors used a British bank, ] (BCCI) as their financial advisor in this transaction. Following the acquisition, Altman became President of Financial General which was renamed First American Corporation.<ref name="WaPo: Cloud" /><ref name="NYTimes: BCCI inquiry" />


===BCCI trial=== ===BCCI trial===
In 1991, it was alleged that BCCI, the financial adviser to the Arab shareholders and their "communications link" had acquired by means of offshore loans that were in default, the shares of the Arab investors in First American. Questions were raised whether the Arab investors had falsely represented to bank regulators the true ownership of First American.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,979117,00.html |title=Innocent As Charged |first=S.C. |last=Gwynne |date=August 30, 1993 |website=] |access-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-date=December 29, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191229212329/http://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,979117,00.html |url-status=live}}</ref> During the ensuing investigations, Altman and Clifford testified at length before Congress, federal and state grand juries, and the Federal Reserve. Audits of First American by the Federal Reserve, Office of the Comptroller, and state banking agencies confirmed that the bank had been operated under Altman's management without any BCCI influence.<ref name="HSDL: The BCCI Affair">{{cite web |url=https://www.hsdl.org/?view=&did=449738 |title=The BCCI Affair: A Report to the Committee on Foreign Relations United States Senate |first1=John |last1=Kerry |author-link1=John Kerry |first2=Hank |last2=Brown |author-link2=Hank Brown |date=December 1992 |website=] |pages=360–361, 402 |access-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206144409/https://www.hsdl.org/?view=&did=449738 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 1991, it was alleged that BCCI, the financial adviser to the Arab shareholders and their "communications link" had acquired by means of offshore loans that were in default, the shares of the Arab investors in First American. Questions were raised whether the Arab investors had falsely represented to bank regulators the true ownership of First American.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,979117,00.html |title=Innocent As Charged |first=S.C. |last=Gwynne |date=August 30, 1993 |magazine=] |access-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-date=December 29, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191229212329/http://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,979117,00.html |url-status=live}}</ref> During the ensuing investigations, Altman and Clifford testified at length before Congress, federal and state grand juries, and the Federal Reserve. Audits of First American by the Federal Reserve, Office of the Comptroller, and state banking agencies confirmed that the bank had been operated under Altman's management without any BCCI influence.<ref name="HSDL: The BCCI Affair">{{cite web |url=https://www.hsdl.org/?view=&did=449738 |title=The BCCI Affair: A Report to the Committee on Foreign Relations United States Senate |first1=John |last1=Kerry |author-link1=John Kerry |first2=Hank |last2=Brown |author-link2=Hank Brown |date=December 1992 |website=] |pages=360–361, 402 |access-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206144409/https://www.hsdl.org/?view=&did=449738 |url-status=live}}</ref>


In 1992, Clifford and Altman were charged in indictments by the New York District Attorney and the Department of Justice, as well as being named in a civil suit by the Federal Reserve.<ref name="HSDL: The BCCI Affair" /> Clifford, then in poor health, was severed from the case as he was physically unable to go to trial. Altman maintained his innocence, refused offers of a plea to resolve the cases, and insisted on going to trial. In the summer of 1993, after a five-month trial, the court dismissed the central count in the indictment of bribery, saying no evidence had been presented by the government to support it.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/15/us/altman-acquitted-of-banking-fraud.html |title=Altman Acquitted of Banking Fraud |first=Kenneth N. |last=Gilpin |date=August 15, 1993 |website=] |access-date=February 5, 2021 |archive-date=January 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180117212224/http://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/15/us/altman-acquitted-of-banking-fraud.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Altman declined to present a defense case and was acquitted by the jury of all remaining charges.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/clark-clifford-the-rise-of-a-reputation/2019/01/02/b9e93780-0d39-11e9-831f-3aa2c2be4cbd_story.html |title=Clark Clifford: The rise of a reputation |first=Marjorie |last=Williams |date=May 8, 1991 |website=] |access-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-date=November 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125120744/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/clark-clifford-the-rise-of-a-reputation/2019/01/02/b9e93780-0d39-11e9-831f-3aa2c2be4cbd_story.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.tampabay.com/archive/1993/08/15/altman-acquitted-in-bcci-trial/ |title=Altman acquitted in BCCI trial |date=October 10, 2005 |website=] |access-date=February 5, 2021 |archive-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206152915/https://www.tampabay.com/archive/1993/08/15/altman-acquitted-in-bcci-trial/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The Department of Justice dismissed the companion federal indictment. The civil suit by the Federal Reserve was settled<ref name="NYTimes: BCCI settlement">{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/02/04/business/clifford-and-altman-settle-with-fed-over-bcci.html |title=Clifford and Altman Settle With Fed Over B.C.C.I. |first=Peter |last=Truell |date=February 4, 1998 |website=] |access-date=February 4, 2021 |archive-date=February 4, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204231628/https://www.nytimes.com/1998/02/04/business/clifford-and-altman-settle-with-fed-over-bcci.html |url-status=live}}</ref> with Altman agreeing to be banned permanently from banking.<ref name="NYTimes: BCCI settlement" /> He was defended by a famous white-collar criminal defense lawyer Gustave Newman.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/04/nyregion/gustave-newman-dead-defense-lawyer-in-major-cases.html |title=Gustave Newman, Defense Lawyer in Sensational Cases, Dies at 90 |first=Sam |last=Roberts |date=May 4, 2017 |website=] |access-date=December 23, 2018 |archive-date=December 24, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224073848/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/04/nyregion/gustave-newman-dead-defense-lawyer-in-major-cases.html |url-status=live}}</ref> In 1992, Clifford and Altman were charged in indictments by the New York District Attorney and the Department of Justice, as well as being named in a civil suit by the Federal Reserve.<ref name="HSDL: The BCCI Affair" /> Clifford, then in poor health, was severed from the case as he was physically unable to go to trial. Altman maintained his innocence, refused offers of a plea to resolve the cases, and insisted on going to trial. In the summer of 1993, after a five-month trial, the court dismissed the central count in the indictment of bribery, saying no evidence had been presented by the government to support it.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/15/us/altman-acquitted-of-banking-fraud.html |title=Altman Acquitted of Banking Fraud |first=Kenneth N. |last=Gilpin |date=August 15, 1993 |website=] |access-date=February 5, 2021 |archive-date=January 17, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180117212224/http://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/15/us/altman-acquitted-of-banking-fraud.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Altman declined to present a defense case and was acquitted by the jury of all remaining charges.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/clark-clifford-the-rise-of-a-reputation/2019/01/02/b9e93780-0d39-11e9-831f-3aa2c2be4cbd_story.html |title=Clark Clifford: The rise of a reputation |first=Marjorie |last=Williams |date=May 8, 1991 |newspaper=] |access-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-date=November 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125120744/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/clark-clifford-the-rise-of-a-reputation/2019/01/02/b9e93780-0d39-11e9-831f-3aa2c2be4cbd_story.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.tampabay.com/archive/1993/08/15/altman-acquitted-in-bcci-trial/ |title=Altman acquitted in BCCI trial |date=October 10, 2005 |website=] |access-date=February 5, 2021 |archive-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206152915/https://www.tampabay.com/archive/1993/08/15/altman-acquitted-in-bcci-trial/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The Department of Justice dismissed the companion federal indictment. The civil suit by the Federal Reserve was settled<ref name="NYTimes: BCCI settlement">{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/02/04/business/clifford-and-altman-settle-with-fed-over-bcci.html |title=Clifford and Altman Settle With Fed Over B.C.C.I. |first=Peter |last=Truell |date=February 4, 1998 |website=] |access-date=February 4, 2021 |archive-date=February 4, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204231628/https://www.nytimes.com/1998/02/04/business/clifford-and-altman-settle-with-fed-over-bcci.html |url-status=live}}</ref> with Altman agreeing to be banned permanently from banking.<ref name="NYTimes: BCCI settlement" /> He was defended by the famous white-collar criminal defense lawyer Gustave Newman.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/04/nyregion/gustave-newman-dead-defense-lawyer-in-major-cases.html |title=Gustave Newman, Defense Lawyer in Sensational Cases, Dies at 90 |first=Sam |last=Roberts |date=May 4, 2017 |website=] |access-date=December 23, 2018 |archive-date=December 24, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181224073848/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/04/nyregion/gustave-newman-dead-defense-lawyer-in-major-cases.html |url-status=live}}</ref>


Altman and Clifford's BCCI defense cost was $10 million.<ref name="BCCI Altman">{{cite web|author=]|url=https://charlierose.com/videos/5323|title=Robert A. Altman lawsuit|website=charlierose.com|time=10:02|date=November 18, 1993|accessdate=September 28, 2021}}</ref>The cost of the BCCI investigation by the government was $20 million.<ref name="BCCI Altman"/> Altman and Clifford's BCCI defense cost was $10 million.<ref name="BCCI Altman">{{cite web|author=]|url=https://charlierose.com/videos/5323|title=Robert A. Altman lawsuit|website=charlierose.com|time=10:02|date=November 18, 1993|accessdate=September 28, 2021}}</ref> The cost of the BCCI investigation by the government was $20 million.<ref name="BCCI Altman"/>


===ZeniMax Media=== ===ZeniMax Media===
{{main|ZeniMax Media}} {{main|ZeniMax Media}}


After the BCCI trial, Altman resumed his Washington, D.C. legal practice. In 1999, he co-founded ] with ] founder ] as a new parent company of Bethesda.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lroZsP4zyIYC |title=Gamers at Work: Stories Behind the Games People Play |first=Morgan |last=Ramsay |date=January 31, 2012 |publisher=] |isbn=9781430233510 |pages=291, 295 |access-date=October 3, 2020 |archive-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206152907/https://books.google.com/books?id=lroZsP4zyIYC |url-status=live}}</ref> Altman was brought in as CEO with Weaver serving as ].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://v1.escapistmagazine.com/articles/view/video-games/issues/issue_83/471-Bethesda-The-Right-Direction.3 |title=Bethesda: The Right Direction, Page 3 of 4 |first=Joe |last=Blancato |date=February 6, 2007 |website=] |access-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-date=November 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125120239/https://v1.escapistmagazine.com/articles/view/video-games/issues/issue_83/471-Bethesda-The-Right-Direction.3 |url-status=live}}</ref> Weaver was pushed out of an operational role in 2002, and he filed a related lawsuit that was settled out of court.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.courts.state.md.us/sites/default/files/import/businesstech/pdfs/mdbt7_04_opinion.pdf |title=CHRISTOPHER S. WEAVER vs. ZENIMAX MEDIA, INC. |website=Maryland Courts |access-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-date=November 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201120134550/https://www.courts.state.md.us/sites/default/files/import/businesstech/pdfs/mdbt7_04_opinion.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> After the BCCI trial, Altman resumed his Washington, D.C., legal practice. In 1999, he co-founded ] with ] founder ] as a new parent company of Bethesda.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lroZsP4zyIYC |title=Gamers at Work: Stories Behind the Games People Play |first=Morgan |last=Ramsay |date=January 31, 2012 |publisher=] |isbn=9781430233510 |pages=291, 295 |access-date=October 3, 2020 |archive-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206152907/https://books.google.com/books?id=lroZsP4zyIYC |url-status=live}}</ref> Altman was brought in as CEO with Weaver serving as ].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://v1.escapistmagazine.com/articles/view/video-games/issues/issue_83/471-Bethesda-The-Right-Direction.3 |title=Bethesda: The Right Direction, Page 3 of 4 |first=Joe |last=Blancato |date=February 6, 2007 |website=] |access-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-date=November 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125120239/https://v1.escapistmagazine.com/articles/view/video-games/issues/issue_83/471-Bethesda-The-Right-Direction.3 |url-status=live}}</ref> Weaver was pushed out of an operational role in 2002, and he filed a related lawsuit that was settled out of court.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.courts.state.md.us/sites/default/files/import/businesstech/pdfs/mdbt7_04_opinion.pdf |title=CHRISTOPHER S. WEAVER vs. ZENIMAX MEDIA, INC. |website=Maryland Courts |access-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-date=November 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201120134550/https://www.courts.state.md.us/sites/default/files/import/businesstech/pdfs/mdbt7_04_opinion.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref>


Altman being the partner of Clark Clifford used his connections as a lawyer to stack ZeniMax's Advisory board with such high profile political figures like ],<ref name="Clark"/><ref name="Advisory"/> ]<ref name="Advisory"/> and ]<ref name="Advisory">{{cite web|first=Mike|last=Musgrove|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/2005/08/15/out-of-the-dark-and-into-the-spotlight/01e11d6e-e6a0-4c5a-8a6a-435c16e4fee8/|title=Out of the Dark and Into the Spotlight|newspaper=]|date=August 15, 2005|accessdate=April 21, 2021}}</ref> with McAuliffe and Mitchell joining the advisory board in 2000<ref name="Advisory board">{{cite web |url=http://www.zenimax.com/profile9.html |title=ZeniMax Media business advisory board |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20001027084350/http://www.zenimax.com/profile9.html |archive-date=October 27, 2000 |access-date=April 21, 2021}}</ref> while Coelho joined in 2001.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zenimax.com/profile9.html|title=ZeniMax Media Advisory board|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20011008003127/http://www.zenimax.com/profile9.html|archivedate=October 8, 2001|accessdate=April 21, 2021}}</ref> Altman being the partner of Clark Clifford used his connections as a lawyer to stack ZeniMax's Advisory board with such high profile political figures like ],<ref name="Clark"/><ref name="Advisory"/> ]<ref name="Advisory"/> and ]<ref name="Advisory">{{cite web|first=Mike|last=Musgrove|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/2005/08/15/out-of-the-dark-and-into-the-spotlight/01e11d6e-e6a0-4c5a-8a6a-435c16e4fee8/|title=Out of the Dark and Into the Spotlight|newspaper=]|date=August 15, 2005|accessdate=April 21, 2021}}</ref> with McAuliffe and Mitchell joining the advisory board in 2000<ref name="Advisory board">{{cite web |url=http://www.zenimax.com/profile9.html |title=ZeniMax Media business advisory board |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20001027084350/http://www.zenimax.com/profile9.html |archive-date=October 27, 2000 |access-date=April 21, 2021}}</ref> while Coelho joined in 2001.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zenimax.com/profile9.html|title=ZeniMax Media Advisory board|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20011008003127/http://www.zenimax.com/profile9.html|archivedate=October 8, 2001|accessdate=April 21, 2021}}</ref>


==Personal life== ==Personal life==
{{Quote box
Altman was Jewish.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.metroweekly.com/2009/06/world-wonder/ |title=World Wonder |first=Sean |last=Bugg |date=June 3, 2009 |website=] |access-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-date=October 1, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001121123/https://www.metroweekly.com/2009/06/world-wonder/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://18doors.org/interfaith_celebrities_the_summers_first_blockbuster/ |title=Interfaith Celebrities: The Summer's First Blockbuster |first=Nate |last=Bloom |author-link=Nate Bloom |date=April 28, 2009 |website=] |access-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206152903/https://18doors.org/interfaith_celebrities_the_summers_first_blockbuster/ |url-status=live}}</ref> On January 29, 1984, he married former '']'' actress ].<ref name="Desert News: Gannett profile" /> Together they had two children: Jessica and James. They lived in ].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/people/2018/04/13/lynda-carter-marriage-ron-samuels-robert-altman/513801002/ |title=Lynda Carter recalls marriage to Ron Samuels: 'He was a lot older, and I was just stupid' |first=Erin |last=Jensen |date=April 13, 2018 |website=] |access-date=December 23, 2018 |archive-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200421154029/https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/people/2018/04/13/lynda-carter-marriage-ron-samuels-robert-altman/513801002/ |url-status=live}}</ref> James Altman works at his father's ZeniMax subsidiary ] as the Director of Publishing Operations.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.law.gwu.edu/conversation-dean-robert-and-james-altman |title=Conversation with the Dean: Robert and James Altman |first=Blake D. |last=Morant |date=February 6, 2018 |website=] |access-date=February 12, 2020 |archive-date=March 12, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200312235100/https://www.law.gwu.edu/conversation-dean-robert-and-james-altman |url-status=live}}</ref>
| quote = Lynda and I first met along with Robert and Bill when we were privileged to be house guests together at the ] in Kentucky during the ].
| align = right
| width = 250px
| author = ]<ref name="Hillary"/>{{rp|6}}
}}


Altman was Jewish.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.metroweekly.com/2009/06/world-wonder/ |title=World Wonder |first=Sean |last=Bugg |date=June 3, 2009 |website=] |access-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-date=October 1, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001121123/https://www.metroweekly.com/2009/06/world-wonder/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://18doors.org/interfaith_celebrities_the_summers_first_blockbuster/ |title=Interfaith Celebrities: The Summer's First Blockbuster |first=Nate |last=Bloom |author-link=Nate Bloom |date=April 28, 2009 |website=] |access-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206152903/https://18doors.org/interfaith_celebrities_the_summers_first_blockbuster/ |url-status=live}}</ref> On January 29, 1984, he married former '']'' actress ].<ref name="Desert News: Gannett profile" /> Together they had two children: Jessica and James. They lived in ].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/people/2018/04/13/lynda-carter-marriage-ron-samuels-robert-altman/513801002/ |title=Lynda Carter recalls marriage to Ron Samuels: 'He was a lot older, and I was just stupid' |first=Erin |last=Jensen |date=April 13, 2018 |website=] |access-date=December 23, 2018 |archive-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200421154029/https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/people/2018/04/13/lynda-carter-marriage-ron-samuels-robert-altman/513801002/ |url-status=live}}</ref> James Altman worked at his father's ZeniMax subsidiary ] as the Director of Publishing Operations.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.law.gwu.edu/conversation-dean-robert-and-james-altman |title=Conversation with the Dean: Robert and James Altman |first=Blake D. |last=Morant |date=February 6, 2018 |website=] |access-date=February 12, 2020 |archive-date=March 12, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200312235100/https://www.law.gwu.edu/conversation-dean-robert-and-james-altman |url-status=live}}</ref>
In 1999, both Robert and Lynda were ] Dinner Co-Hosts.<ref name="Hillary">{{cite web|url=https://www.c-span.org/video/?118451-1/democratic-fund-raiser|title=Democratic Fund Raiser|work=]|time=28:16|date=January 15, 1999|accessdate=June 12, 2021}}</ref>


In 1999, both Robert and Lynda were ] Dinner Co-Hosts.<ref name="Hillary">{{cite web|url=https://www.c-span.org/video/?118451-1/democratic-fund-raiser|title=Democratic Fund Raiser|work=]|time=28:16|date=January 15, 1999|accessdate=June 12, 2021}}</ref>
In 2015, both Robert Altman and his wife endorsed ] for ].<ref name="Clintons"/> Altman and Carter have been family friends with the Clintons since 1983/1984.<ref name="Clintons">{{cite web |url=https://people.com/celebrity/lynda-carter-wonder-woman-supports-her-friend-hillary-clinton-for-president/ |title=''Wonder Woman'' Lynda Carter Wants You to Vote for Her Friend Hillary Clinton |first=Lydia |last=Price |date=May 8, 2015 |website=] |access-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-date=September 11, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911100352/https://people.com/celebrity/lynda-carter-wonder-woman-supports-her-friend-hillary-clinton-for-president/ |url-status=live}}</ref>


In 2015, both Robert Altman and his wife endorsed ] for ].<ref name="Clintons"/> Altman and Carter have been family friends with the Clintons since 1983–1984.<ref name="Clintons">{{cite web |url=https://people.com/celebrity/lynda-carter-wonder-woman-supports-her-friend-hillary-clinton-for-president/ |title=''Wonder Woman'' Lynda Carter Wants You to Vote for Her Friend Hillary Clinton |first=Lydia |last=Price |date=May 8, 2015 |website=] |access-date=February 6, 2021 |archive-date=September 11, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190911100352/https://people.com/celebrity/lynda-carter-wonder-woman-supports-her-friend-hillary-clinton-for-president/ |url-status=live}}</ref>
{{Quote box|quote=Lynda and I first met along with Robert and Bill when we were privileged to be house guests together at the governor’s mansion in Kentucky during the Kentucky Derby|align=right|width=250px|author=]<ref name="Hillary"/>{{rp|6}}}}


===Death=== ===Death===
On February 3, 2021, Altman died at a hospital in ] due to complications from a medical procedure; he was 73.<ref name="WaPo: Robert Altman obituary" /> Bethesda Softworks announced his death the day after.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://kotaku.com/zenimax-co-founder-ceo-robert-altman-has-died-1846194603 |title=Zenimax Co-Founder & CEO Robert Altman Has Died |first=Luke |last=Plunkett |date=February 4, 2021 |website=] |access-date=February 4, 2021 |archive-date=February 4, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204174429/https://kotaku.com/zenimax-co-founder-ceo-robert-altman-has-died-1846194603 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Clark">{{cite web |url=https://www.polygon.com/2021/2/4/22266679/robert-altman-zenimax-media-bethesda-obituary |title=Robert A. Altman, founder of Bethesda parent ZeniMax Media, dies at 73 |first=Owen S. |last=Good |date=February 4, 2021 |website=] |access-date=February 5, 2021 |archive-date=February 4, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204233444/https://www.polygon.com/2021/2/4/22266679/robert-altman-zenimax-media-bethesda-obituary |url-status=live}}</ref> On February 3, 2021, Altman died at a hospital in ] of ], a rare type of ], at the age of 73.<ref name="WaPo: Robert Altman obituary" /><ref>{{cite web |url=https://people.com/tv/wonder-woman-lynda-carter-reflects-losing-husband-37-years-robert-altman/ |title=Lynda Carter on Losing Her Husband of 37 Years: 'I Don't Know Who I Am Without Robert' |first=Liz |last=McNeil |date=October 27, 2021 |website=] |access-date=May 11, 2022}}</ref> Bethesda Softworks announced his death the day after.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://kotaku.com/zenimax-co-founder-ceo-robert-altman-has-died-1846194603 |title=Zenimax Co-Founder & CEO Robert Altman Has Died |first=Luke |last=Plunkett |date=February 4, 2021 |website=] |access-date=February 4, 2021 |archive-date=February 4, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204174429/https://kotaku.com/zenimax-co-founder-ceo-robert-altman-has-died-1846194603 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Clark">{{cite web |url=https://www.polygon.com/2021/2/4/22266679/robert-altman-zenimax-media-bethesda-obituary |title=Robert A. Altman, founder of Bethesda parent ZeniMax Media, dies at 73 |first=Owen S. |last=Good |date=February 4, 2021 |website=] |access-date=February 5, 2021 |archive-date=February 4, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204233444/https://www.polygon.com/2021/2/4/22266679/robert-altman-zenimax-media-bethesda-obituary |url-status=live}}</ref>


==Publications== ==Publications==
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Latest revision as of 10:07, 17 November 2024

American businessman (1947–2021) For other people named Robert Altman, see Robert Altman (disambiguation).

Robert A. Altman
Altman in 2009
BornRobert Alan Altman
(1947-02-23)February 23, 1947
Washington, D.C., U.S.
DiedFebruary 3, 2021(2021-02-03) (aged 73)
Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.
Alma materUniversity of Wisconsin
(AB)
George Washington University (JD)
Occupation(s)Businessman, lawyer
Known forZeniMax Media
Spouse Lynda Carter ​(m. 1984)
Children2

Robert Alan Altman (February 23, 1947 – February 3, 2021) was an American lawyer and video game executive. He worked as a lawyer in Washington, D.C., and was involved in a scandal surrounding the Bank of Credit and Commerce International. In 1999, he and Christopher Weaver founded ZeniMax Media as the parent holding company for Bethesda Softworks, a video game developer Weaver had founded earlier. Altman served as ZeniMax Media's chief executive officer and chairman until his death. He was also a member of the advisory board of the George Washington University Law School.

Early life

Robert Alan Altman was born in Washington, D.C., on February 23, 1947. His father, Norman S. Altman (–1997), was a graduate of Harvard Law School, a real estate lawyer and investor, a government lawyer during the New Deal, and a co-founder of the law firm Krooth and Altman. His mother, Sophie B. Altman (née Robinson; –2008), was a graduate of Yale Law School, a television producer, and created the program It's Academic in 1961. Robert A. Altman had three sisters: Janet R. Spragens (–2006), Susan Altman, and Nancy Altman.

Robert A. Altman was raised in the Cleveland Park neighborhood of Washington, D.C., and graduated from Woodrow Wilson High School. He obtained a bachelor's degree in political science at the University of Wisconsin in 1968 and returned to D.C. to attend George Washington University Law School, where he was editor of its law review and earned a Juris Doctor degree in 1971.

Career

Law office

Altman practiced law for many years in Washington, D.C., as a partner of Clark Clifford, a former United States Secretary of Defense in the law firm of Clifford and Warnke. Altman later opened his own law firm, the Law Offices of Robert Altman where Clifford was of counsel. As a Washington, D.C., attorney, Altman represented major companies before federal regulatory agencies, before Congress, or in litigation.

From 1978 to 1982, Altman and Clifford represented a group of wealthy Arab businessmen, including members of the royal family from Abu Dhabi and Saudi Arabia in their efforts to acquire a multi-state bank holding company, Financial General Bankshares. The Arab investors used a British bank, Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI) as their financial advisor in this transaction. Following the acquisition, Altman became President of Financial General which was renamed First American Corporation.

BCCI trial

In 1991, it was alleged that BCCI, the financial adviser to the Arab shareholders and their "communications link" had acquired by means of offshore loans that were in default, the shares of the Arab investors in First American. Questions were raised whether the Arab investors had falsely represented to bank regulators the true ownership of First American. During the ensuing investigations, Altman and Clifford testified at length before Congress, federal and state grand juries, and the Federal Reserve. Audits of First American by the Federal Reserve, Office of the Comptroller, and state banking agencies confirmed that the bank had been operated under Altman's management without any BCCI influence.

In 1992, Clifford and Altman were charged in indictments by the New York District Attorney and the Department of Justice, as well as being named in a civil suit by the Federal Reserve. Clifford, then in poor health, was severed from the case as he was physically unable to go to trial. Altman maintained his innocence, refused offers of a plea to resolve the cases, and insisted on going to trial. In the summer of 1993, after a five-month trial, the court dismissed the central count in the indictment of bribery, saying no evidence had been presented by the government to support it. Altman declined to present a defense case and was acquitted by the jury of all remaining charges. The Department of Justice dismissed the companion federal indictment. The civil suit by the Federal Reserve was settled with Altman agreeing to be banned permanently from banking. He was defended by the famous white-collar criminal defense lawyer Gustave Newman.

Altman and Clifford's BCCI defense cost was $10 million. The cost of the BCCI investigation by the government was $20 million.

ZeniMax Media

Main article: ZeniMax Media

After the BCCI trial, Altman resumed his Washington, D.C., legal practice. In 1999, he co-founded ZeniMax Media with Bethesda Softworks founder Christopher Weaver as a new parent company of Bethesda. Altman was brought in as CEO with Weaver serving as CTO. Weaver was pushed out of an operational role in 2002, and he filed a related lawsuit that was settled out of court.

Altman being the partner of Clark Clifford used his connections as a lawyer to stack ZeniMax's Advisory board with such high profile political figures like Terry McAuliffe, George J. Mitchell and Tony Coelho with McAuliffe and Mitchell joining the advisory board in 2000 while Coelho joined in 2001.

Personal life

Lynda and I first met along with Robert and Bill when we were privileged to be house guests together at the governor’s mansion in Kentucky during the Kentucky Derby.

Hillary Clinton

Altman was Jewish. On January 29, 1984, he married former Wonder Woman actress Lynda Carter. Together they had two children: Jessica and James. They lived in Potomac, Maryland. James Altman worked at his father's ZeniMax subsidiary Bethesda Softworks as the Director of Publishing Operations.

In 1999, both Robert and Lynda were Democratic National Committee Dinner Co-Hosts.

In 2015, both Robert Altman and his wife endorsed Hillary Clinton for president. Altman and Carter have been family friends with the Clintons since 1983–1984.

Death

On February 3, 2021, Altman died at a hospital in Baltimore of myelofibrosis, a rare type of leukemia, at the age of 73. Bethesda Softworks announced his death the day after.

Publications

References

  1. "Dean's Advisory Council". George Washington University Law School. Archived from the original on September 19, 2016. Retrieved June 26, 2016.
  2. ^ Smith, Harrison (February 6, 2021). "Robert A. Altman, who went from banking scandal to video game CEO, dies at 73". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on February 6, 2021. Retrieved February 6, 2021.
  3. ^ "Clark Clifford, Robert Altman / Biographies at a glance". The Desert Sun. Gannett News Service. September 12, 1991. p. 25. Archived from the original on February 4, 2021. Retrieved February 4, 2021.
  4. Weil, Martin (November 23, 1997). "ITT Empire Builder Harold S. Geneen Dies at 87". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on April 22, 2020. Retrieved February 11, 2020.
  5. Kurtz, Howard (October 26, 1991). "Sophie Altman, Sticking Up for Her Son". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on September 10, 2016. Retrieved August 14, 2016.
  6. ^ Martin, Douglas (May 29, 2008). "Sophie B. Altman, Who Started Quiz Show in 1961, Dies at 95". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 22, 2017. Retrieved February 18, 2017.
  7. "Altman Family Scholarship Fund". wisc.academicworks.com. Blackbaud, Inc./University of Wisconsin Madison. Retrieved September 17, 2022.
  8. ^ Walsh, Sharon (August 2, 1991). "Cloud Over a Rising Star". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on April 22, 2020. Retrieved February 11, 2020.
  9. ^ Lewis, Neil A. (September 3, 1991). "A Friendship, a Washington Bank and a Trail of Money Leading to B.C.C.I.; Clifford and Altman, Mentor and Protege, At Center of Inquiry". The New York Times. Archived from the original on September 16, 2016. Retrieved February 18, 2017.
  10. Gwynne, S.C. (August 30, 1993). "Innocent As Charged". Time. Archived from the original on December 29, 2019. Retrieved February 6, 2021.
  11. ^ Kerry, John; Brown, Hank (December 1992). "The BCCI Affair: A Report to the Committee on Foreign Relations United States Senate". Homeland Security Digital Library. pp. 360–361, 402. Archived from the original on February 6, 2021. Retrieved February 6, 2021.
  12. Gilpin, Kenneth N. (August 15, 1993). "Altman Acquitted of Banking Fraud". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 17, 2018. Retrieved February 5, 2021.
  13. Williams, Marjorie (May 8, 1991). "Clark Clifford: The rise of a reputation". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on November 25, 2020. Retrieved February 6, 2021.
  14. "Altman acquitted in BCCI trial". Tampa Bay Times. October 10, 2005. Archived from the original on February 6, 2021. Retrieved February 5, 2021.
  15. ^ Truell, Peter (February 4, 1998). "Clifford and Altman Settle With Fed Over B.C.C.I." The New York Times. Archived from the original on February 4, 2021. Retrieved February 4, 2021.
  16. Roberts, Sam (May 4, 2017). "Gustave Newman, Defense Lawyer in Sensational Cases, Dies at 90". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 24, 2018. Retrieved December 23, 2018.
  17. ^ Charlie Rose (November 18, 1993). "Robert A. Altman lawsuit". charlierose.com. Event occurs at 10:02. Retrieved September 28, 2021.
  18. Ramsay, Morgan (January 31, 2012). Gamers at Work: Stories Behind the Games People Play. Apress. pp. 291, 295. ISBN 9781430233510. Archived from the original on February 6, 2021. Retrieved October 3, 2020.
  19. Blancato, Joe (February 6, 2007). "Bethesda: The Right Direction, Page 3 of 4". The Escapist. Archived from the original on November 25, 2020. Retrieved February 6, 2021.
  20. "CHRISTOPHER S. WEAVER vs. ZENIMAX MEDIA, INC" (PDF). Maryland Courts. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved February 6, 2021.
  21. ^ Good, Owen S. (February 4, 2021). "Robert A. Altman, founder of Bethesda parent ZeniMax Media, dies at 73". Polygon. Archived from the original on February 4, 2021. Retrieved February 5, 2021.
  22. ^ Musgrove, Mike (August 15, 2005). "Out of the Dark and Into the Spotlight". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 21, 2021.
  23. "ZeniMax Media business advisory board". Archived from the original on October 27, 2000. Retrieved April 21, 2021.
  24. "ZeniMax Media Advisory board". Archived from the original on October 8, 2001. Retrieved April 21, 2021.
  25. ^ "Democratic Fund Raiser". C-SPAN. January 15, 1999. Event occurs at 28:16. Retrieved June 12, 2021.
  26. Bugg, Sean (June 3, 2009). "World Wonder". Metro Weekly. Archived from the original on October 1, 2020. Retrieved February 6, 2021.
  27. Bloom, Nate (April 28, 2009). "Interfaith Celebrities: The Summer's First Blockbuster". 18Doors. Archived from the original on February 6, 2021. Retrieved February 6, 2021.
  28. Jensen, Erin (April 13, 2018). "Lynda Carter recalls marriage to Ron Samuels: 'He was a lot older, and I was just stupid'". USA Today. Archived from the original on April 21, 2020. Retrieved December 23, 2018.
  29. Morant, Blake D. (February 6, 2018). "Conversation with the Dean: Robert and James Altman". George Washington University Law School. Archived from the original on March 12, 2020. Retrieved February 12, 2020.
  30. ^ Price, Lydia (May 8, 2015). "Wonder Woman Lynda Carter Wants You to Vote for Her Friend Hillary Clinton". People. Archived from the original on September 11, 2019. Retrieved February 6, 2021.
  31. McNeil, Liz (October 27, 2021). "Lynda Carter on Losing Her Husband of 37 Years: 'I Don't Know Who I Am Without Robert'". People.com. Retrieved May 11, 2022.
  32. Plunkett, Luke (February 4, 2021). "Zenimax Co-Founder & CEO Robert Altman Has Died". Kotaku. Archived from the original on February 4, 2021. Retrieved February 4, 2021.

External links

ZeniMax Media
A subsidiary of Microsoft Gaming
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