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{{Short description|1=Overview of and topical guide to Japan}}
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See ] and
The following list of topics is provided as an overview of and introduction to '''Japan''':
] for more details.
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to this outline are on the way
...-->
{{multiple image
| align = right
| image1 = Flag of Japan.svg
| width1 = 200
| alt1 =
| caption1 = The ]
| image2 = Imperial Seal of Japan.svg
| width2 = 133
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| caption2 = The ]
| footer =
}}


]
{{portal|Japan}}
]
{{double image|right|Flag of Japan.svg|260|Japan-Emblem.svg|150|]|]}}
== Geography of Japan ==
: ''Main articles: ]''


The following ] is provided as an overview of and topical guide to ]:
* Location:
* ]
* ]
** ]
* ]


'''Japan''' &ndash; an ] in ], located in the ]. It lies to the east of the ], ], ], ] and ], stretching from the ] in the north to the ] and ] in the south. The ] that make up ] mean "sun-origin" (because it lies to the east of nearby countries), which is why Japan is sometimes referred to as the "]". Japan is an ] of ]. The four largest islands are ], ], ], and ], which together comprise about ninety-seven percent of Japan's land area.
=== Ecology of Japan ===
: ''Main article: ]''


{{TOC limit|limit=2}}

== General reference ==
* Pronunciation: {{IPAc-en|audio=En-us-Japan.ogg|dʒ|ə|ˈ|p|æ|n}}
** {{IPA|ja|ɲihoꜜɴ|lang|ja-nihon(日本).ogg}} <small>or</small> {{IPA|ja|ɲippoꜜɴ||ja-nippon(日本).ogg}}
* Common ]s: {{nihongo||]|Nippon, Nihon}}
* Official endonym: {{nihongo||]|Nippon-koku}}
* ]: ]
* Etymology: ]
* ]
* ]: JP, JPN, 392
* ISO region codes: ]
* Internet country code top-level domain: ]

== Geography of Japan ==
{{main|Geography of Japan}}
]
]
* Japan is: an ] and ] of 6,852 ]s, shaped like the lowercase letter ].<ref>{{cite web | title = ''Facts and Figures of Japan 2007 01: Land'' | url = http://fpcj.jp/old/e/mres/publication/ff/pdf_07/01_land.pdf | publisher = Foreign Press Center Japan | access-date = 2009-07-04 | page = 1}}</ref>
* Location:
** ]
** ] and ]
*** ]
**** ]<ref>{{cite web | url = http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49regin.htm#asia | title = Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications | access-date=2010-07-16 | date = 2010-04-01 | publisher = United Nations Statistics Division}}</ref>
** ]: ] (])
** ]
*** High: ] {{convert|3776|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}
*** Low: ] {{convert|-4|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}
** Land boundaries: ''none''
** Coastline: {{cvt|29,751|km|mi}}
* ]: 125,950,000 people - ]
* ]: {{convert|377873|km2|abbr=on}} - ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]

=== Environment of Japan ===
{{main|Environment of Japan}}
]
] seen from Kurakake Pass]]
* ] * ]
* ] ** ]
* ] * ]
* ]
* ]
* ] * ]
** ] * ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ] * ]
** ] ** ]
** ] ** ]
*** ]
*** ]

==== Geographic features of Japan ====
]s of Japan]]

* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
** ]
* ]
** ]
* ]
* ]


=== Regions of Japan === === Regions of Japan ===
: ''Main article: ]'' {{Main|Islands of Japan|Regions of Japan}}
]]]

The four main islands of Japan are:

*]
*]
*]
*]

Major regions of Japan include:
* ] (the island of Hokkaido and nearby islands, largest city ])
* ] (northern ], largest city ])
* ] (eastern Honshu, largest cities ] and ])
** ]: part of Tokyo Metropolis
* ] (central Honshu, including ]), sometimes divided into:
** ] (northwestern Chūbu)
** ] (northeastern Chūbu, largest city ])
** ] (southern Chūbu, largest city ], ], and ])
* ] or Kinki region (west-central Honshu, largest cities ], ], and ])
* ] (western Honshu, largest city ], and ])
* ] (island, largest city ], and ])
* ] (island, largest city ]) which includes:
** ], including ]


==== Ecoregions of Japan ==== ==== Ecoregions of Japan ====
: ''Main article: ]'' {{main|Ecoregions of Japan}}


==== Physical divisions of Japan ==== ==== Administrative divisions of Japan ====
* Administrative division types
** ] (unofficial)
*** ]
**** ]
***** ]
****** ]
******* ]


==== Political divisions of Japan ==== ===== Prefectures of Japan =====
{{main|Prefectures of Japan}}
: ''Main article: ]''
] order and the ]]]
From north to south (numbering in ] order), the prefectures of Japan and their commonly associated regions are:


{|
=== Geographic features of Japan ===
| style="padding-right:1em; vertical-align:top;" |
:''Main article: ]''
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|}


], a portion of the island of ] north of Hokkaido (not shown on the map), was part of Japan from 1907 until World War II. The entire island is now governed by ].
* ]

* ]
===== Municipalities of Japan =====
* ]
{{main|Municipalities of Japan}}
* ]
* ] ] of Japan]]
* ]
** ] of Japan: ]
** ]
** ]
* ]
* ]


=== Demography of Japan === === Demography of Japan ===
: ''Main article: ]'' {{main|Demographics of Japan}}
* ]


== Government and politics of Japan == == Government and politics of Japan ==
: ''Main article: ] and ]'' {{main|Politics of Japan}}
], 126th ]]]

* ]:
* ]: ]
* ]: ]


* ]: ] ] ] ]
* ] of Japan: ]
* ] * ]
* ] (Imperial family)
** (specific elections)
** ]
** ]
** ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
* ]
* ]
* ] * ]
* ]
* ]


=== Branches of the government of Japan === === Branches of the government of Japan ===
{{main|Government of Japan}} {{main|Government of Japan}}

<!-- the following branches do not apply to all countries. Modify as needed. --> <!-- the following branches do not apply to all countries. Modify as needed. -->

==== Executive branch of the government of Japan ==== ==== Executive branch of the government of Japan ====
]}}, office and residence of the Prime Minister]]
* Symbol of state: ], ]{{efn|The Emperor has no executive authority, but is treated as a head of state under diplomatic protocol}}
** ]
** ]
* Head of state: de facto head of state of Japan is the head of government, the Prime Minister (see below)
* Head of government: ], ]
** {{transliteration|ja|]}} (Office and residence of the Prime Minister)
** ]
* ]
* ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]


==== Legislative branch of the government of Japan ==== ==== Legislative branch of the government of Japan ====
]]]
* ] (bicameral legislature of Japan)
** ]
** ]
* ]


==== Judicial branch of the government of Japan ==== ==== Judicial branch of the government of Japan ====
* ]
* ]


=== Foreign relations of Japan === === Foreign relations of Japan ===
{{main|Foreign relations of Japan}} {{main|Foreign relations of Japan}}
]]]


* ]
==== International organization membership ====
* ]

* ]
Japan is a member of:
* ]
* ]
* ] * ]
* ]


=== Law of Japan === ==== International organization membership of Japan ====
Japan is a member of:<ref name=CIA_World_Factbook>{{cite web|date=July 14, 2009|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/japan/|title=Japan|work=]|publisher=] ]|access-date=July 23, 2009}}</ref>
: ''Main article: ]''
{{Div col}}
*] (AfDB) (non-regional member)
*] (ADB)
*] (APEC)
*] (APT)
*] (ASEAN) (dialogue partner)
*] (ARF)
*]
*] (BIS)
*] (CP)
*] (CE) (observer)
*] (EAS)
*] (EBRD)
*]
*] (CERN) (observer)
*] (FAO)
*] (G5)
*] (G7)
*] (G8)
*] (G10)
*] (G20)
*] (IADB)
*] (IAEA)
*] (IBRD)
*] (ICC)
*] (ICAO)
*] (ICCt)
*] (Interpol)
*] (IDA)
*] (IEA)
*]
*] (IFRCS)
*] (IFC)
*] (IFAD)
*] (IHO)
*] (ILO)
*] (IMO)
*] (IMSO)
*] (IMF)
*] (IOC)
*] (IOM)
*] (ISO)
*] (ICRM)
*] (ITU)
*] (ITSO)
*] (ITUC)
*] (IPU)
*] (LAIA)
*] (MIGA)
*] (NEA)
*] (NSG)
*] (OECD)
*] (OSCE) (partner)
*] (OPCW)
*] (OAS) (observer)
*] (PIF) (partner)
*]
*] (PCA)
*] (SAARC) (observer)
*] (SECI) (observer)
*] (UN)
*] (UNCTAD)
*] (UNDOF)
*] (UNESCO)
*] (UNHCR)
*] (UNIDO)
*] (UNITAR)
*] (UNRWA)
*] (UPU)
*] (WCL)
*] (WCO)
*] (WFTU)
*] (WHO)
*] (WIPO)
*] (WMO)
*] (UNWTO)
*] (WTO)
*]
*] (ZC)
{{Div col end}}


=== Law and order of Japan ===
{{main|Law of Japan}}
]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ] * ]
* ]
* ] * ]
** ]
* ]
** ]
* ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
* ] * ]
* ]
* ]


=== Military of Japan === === Military of Japan ===
: ''Main article: ]'' {{main|Military of Japan}}
* ]

* ]
* Army of Japan: ]
* Navy of Japan: ] ** Army of Japan: ]
* Air force Japan: ] ** Navy of Japan: ]
** Air force Japan: ]
* ]
* ]
* ]


== History of Japan == == History of Japan ==
: ''Main article: ] and ] {{main article|History of Japan|Timeline of Japanese history|Portal:Current events/Japan|l3=Current events of Japan}}
]}} in armour]]


* ]
* ]
* ]
* ] * ]
** ]
** {{transliteration|ja|]}}
** ]
** ]
** ]
*** ]
*** ]
*** ]
*** ]
*** ]: ]
** ]


== Culture of Japan == === History of Japan by period ===
{{Div col}}
: ''Main article: ]''
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]{{efn|While the Yamato period (250–710 CE) is considered to include both the Kofun and Asuka periods, as it spans both an archaeological period (Kofun) and a historical period (Asuka), it is held by many to be an outdated period of division in Japan's history, and no longer applicable in discussions of period division.}}
** ]
** ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
** ]
** ]
* ]
** ]
** ]
* ]
** ]
* ]
** ]
*** ]
** {{transliteration|ja|]}}
* ]
** ]
*** ]
* ]
** ]
** ]
* ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
* ]
{{Div col end}}


* ] == Culture of Japan ==
* ] {{main|Culture of Japan}}
]]]
** ]
]
* ]
{{Div col}}
* ]
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
* ]
* ]
** ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
* ]
* ]
* ] * ]
** ] ** ]
** ]
** ] ** ]
** ] ** {{transliteration|ja|]}} (National anthem of Japan)
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
** {{transliteration|ja|]}}
** ]
** {{transliteration|ja|]}}
** ]
** ] * ]
** ] ** ]
** ] * ]
** ] * ]
** ] * ]
* ]
** ]
* ] * ]
{{Div col end}}


=== The Arts in Japan === === Architecture of Japan ===
{{main|Architecture of Japan}}
* ]
] (UNESCO World Heritage Site)]]
* ]

* ]
* ] * ]
** ]
*** ]
*** ]
*** ]
*** ]
<!--** ]-->
* ]
<!--** ]
** ]-->
** ]
** ]
** ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
** ]
** ]

=== Art of Japan ===
{{main|Japanese art}}
]]]
]}} theatre]]
] calligraphy]]
] mask, Bern Historical Museum]]
{{Div col}}
* ] * ]
* ] ** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
* ]
** {{transliteration|ja|]}}
** {{transliteration|ja|]}}
** {{transliteration|ja|]}}
* ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
* ]
** ]
*** ]
** Directors
*** ]
*** ]
*** ]
*** ]
*** ]
*** ]
*** ]
*** ]
*** ]
*** ]
*** ]
** Films
*** ]
*** ]
*** ]
*** ]
*** ]
*** ]
* ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** Japanese literary genres
*** ]
*** ]
*** ]
* ] * ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
{{Div col end}}


=== Sports in Japan === === Cuisine of Japan ===
{{main|Japanese cuisine}}
: ''Main article: ]''
]
]}}, a dessert traditionally served chilled]]
* ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
* ]
* ]
* ]


== Economy of Japan == === Cultural icons of Japan ===
] rhododendron garden]]
: ''Main article: ]''
] at Tsu Castle]]


* ] * ]
* ] * ]
* ]s
* ]
** ]
* ]
** ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]

=== Fashion in Japan ===
{{main|Japanese clothing}}
]]]
* Traditional clothing
** ]
*** {{transliteration|ja|]}}
*** {{transliteration|ja|]}}
*** {{transliteration|ja|]}}
**** {{transliteration|ja|]}}
**** {{transliteration|ja|]}}
** Traditional footwear:
*** ]
*** ]
*** {{transliteration|ja|]}}
*** {{transliteration|ja|]}}
*** {{transliteration|ja|]}}
*** ]
* ]
* ]
** ]

=== Holidays and festivals of Japan ===
{{Main|Holidays of Japan|Japanese festivals}}
]}} at ] in Kyoto]]

* ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** {{transliteration|ja|]}}
* {{transliteration|ja|]}}
* {{transliteration|ja|]}}
* {{transliteration|ja|]}}
* {{transliteration|ja|]}}
* {{transliteration|ja|]}}
* {{transliteration|ja|]}}

=== Homes in Japan ===
{{main|Housing in Japan}}
]}}, an eight-panel folding screen from the 19th century]]
]}} arrangement]]
]}}]]
{{Div col}}
* Furnishings
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
* ]
* Rooms
** ]
** ]
*** ]
*** ]
*** ] (flooring)
*** ]
{{Div col end}}

=== Language in Japan ===
{{main|Languages of Japan}}
{{Div col}}
* ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
* ]
** ]
** ]
** ] (Japanese English)
* ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
* Foreign Variations
** ]
** ]
* Writing systems of Japan
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
{{Div col end}}

=== People of Japan ===
{{Main|Japanese people|List of Japanese people}}

{{Div col}}
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]s
* ]
{{Div col end}}

==== Ethnicity in Japan ====
{{Div col}}
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
{{Div col end}}

==== Stereotypes in Japan ====
] and a ] dancing]]
{{Div col}}
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
{{Div col end}}

=== Religion in Japan ===
{{main|Religion in Japan}}
{{Div col}}
* ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
* ]
* ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
* ]
* ]
** ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
{{Div col end}}

=== Sports and gaming in Japan ===
{{main|Sports in Japan}}
], a modern Japanese martial art]]
* Sports
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ] (professional wrestling)
** ]
* Traditional games
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]

== Economy and infrastructure of Japan ==
] concept, a two-door coupé produced by ]]]
], the tallest structure in Japan ]]
]
* ]: 2nd (second)
* ]
* ]
* ]
* Buildings and structures in Japan
** ]
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
** ]
* ]
* ]
*]: ]
**]: ]
* ]
* ]
* ] * ]
* ]
* ]
** ]
* ]
* ]
]]]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ] * ]
** ]
]]]
* ] * ]
** ]

* ] ** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
** ]
* ]


== Education in Japan == == Education in Japan ==
: ''Main article: ]'' {{main article|Education in Japan|History of education in Japan}}
]]]
* ]
* ]
* '']'' (Cram School)
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]


== Infrastructure of Japan == === Structure of education in Japan ===
* ]
* ]
* ]


* ] == Health in Japan ==
{{main article|Health in Japan}}
* ]
* ] * ]


== Science and technology of Japan ==
== Japan lists ==
: ''Main article: ]'' {{main article|Science and technology in Japan}}
] ], the largest module for the ]]]
* ]
* ]
* ]
{{Clear}}


== See also == == See also ==
{{Portal|Japan|Asia}}

*]
*]
*]
*]
*]
*]
*]
*]
{{Clear}}
{{TopicTOC-Country-Japan}}

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}


== References == == References ==
Line 178: Line 912:


== External links == == External links ==
{{sisterlinks|Japan}}


{{wikiatlas|Japan}} {{wikiatlas|Japan}}


===Official===
* —Official ] and cabinet site
* —Official site of the ].
* —Detailed papers on Japan's foreign policy, education programs, culture and life.
* —Official site of the House of Representatives
*

===Media===
*
*
*
*
*

===Tourism===
*
* {{Wikivoyage inline|Japan}}

===Other===
*
*
*
* {{wikiatlas|Japan}}
* {{gutenberg author | id=Japan | name=Government of Japan}} containing the 1889 and 1946 Constitutions

{{Japan topics}}
{{Sister bar|auto=1|Japan|iw=ja}}
{{Outline footer}}

<!-- Link dump ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

== ] ==
=== ] ===
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== Notable people ==
{{List resources}}
* ]
{{Lists by country}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Japan}}
]
] ]
] ]
]
]

Latest revision as of 15:32, 21 November 2024

Overview of and topical guide to Japan The flag of JapanThe Imperial Seal of Japan
An enlargeable map of Japan

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Japan:

Japan – an island nation in East Asia, located in the Pacific Ocean. It lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The characters that make up Japan's name mean "sun-origin" (because it lies to the east of nearby countries), which is why Japan is sometimes referred to as the "Land of the Rising Sun". Japan is an archipelago of 14,125 islands. The four largest islands are Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, and Shikoku, which together comprise about ninety-seven percent of Japan's land area.

General reference

Geography of Japan

Main article: Geography of Japan
An enlargeable topographic/hydrographic map of Japan
An enlargeable map of the extreme points of Japan

Environment of Japan

Main article: Environment of Japan
An enlargeable satellite image of Japan
Mount Ontake seen from Kurakake Pass

Geographic features of Japan

An enlargeable map of the World Heritage Sites of Japan

Regions of Japan

Main articles: Islands of Japan and Regions of Japan
Tsunami wall at Tsu, Mie

The four main islands of Japan are:

Major regions of Japan include:

Ecoregions of Japan

Main article: Ecoregions of Japan

Administrative divisions of Japan

Prefectures of Japan
Main article: Prefectures of Japan
Map of the prefectures of Japan in ISO 3166-2:JP order and the regions of Japan

From north to south (numbering in ISO 3166-2:JP order), the prefectures of Japan and their commonly associated regions are:

Hokkaido
1. Hokkaido Tōhoku
2. Aomori 3. Iwate 4. Miyagi 5. Akita 6. Yamagata 7. Fukushima Kantō
8. Ibaraki 9. Tochigi 10. Gunma 11. Saitama 12. Chiba 13. Tokyo 14. Kanagawa 		Chūbu
15. Niigata 16. Toyama 17. Ishikawa 18. Fukui 19. Yamanashi 20. Nagano 21. Gifu 22. Shizuoka 23. Aichi Kansai
24. Mie 25. Shiga 26. Kyoto 27. Osaka 28. Hyōgo 29. Nara 30. Wakayama 		Chūgoku
31. Tottori 32. Shimane 33. Okayama 34. Hiroshima 35. Yamaguchi Shikoku
36. Tokushima 37. Kagawa 38. Ehime 39. Kōchi Kyushu and Okinawa
40. Fukuoka 41. Saga 42. Nagasaki 43. Kumamoto 44. Ōita 45. Miyazaki 46. Kagoshima 47. Okinawa

Karafuto, a portion of the island of Sakhalin north of Hokkaido (not shown on the map), was part of Japan from 1907 until World War II. The entire island is now governed by Russia.

Municipalities of Japan
Main article: Municipalities of Japan
Cities of Japan

Demography of Japan

Main article: Demographics of Japan

Government and politics of Japan

Main article: Politics of Japan
Naruhito, 126th Emperor of Japan

Branches of the government of Japan

Main article: Government of Japan

Executive branch of the government of Japan

Present-day Kantei, office and residence of the Prime Minister

Legislative branch of the government of Japan

National Diet Building

Judicial branch of the government of Japan

Foreign relations of Japan

Main article: Foreign relations of Japan
Dish of whale meat

International organization membership of Japan

Japan is a member of:

Law and order of Japan

Main article: Law of Japan
Motorcycle policeman questioning driver

Military of Japan

Main article: Military of Japan

History of Japan

Main pages: History of Japan, Timeline of Japanese history, and Current events of Japan
Japanese bushi in armour

History of Japan by period

Culture of Japan

Main article: Culture of Japan
Japanese tea ceremony
Woman in kimono at Fukuoka City Hall

Architecture of Japan

Main article: Architecture of Japan
Himeji Castle (UNESCO World Heritage Site)

Art of Japan

Main article: Japanese art
Kyoto geiko playing shamisen
Bugaku theatre
Bankei Yōtaku calligraphy
Noh mask, Bern Historical Museum

Cuisine of Japan

Main article: Japanese cuisine
A traditional Japanese breakfast
Kuzumochi, a dessert traditionally served chilled

Cultural icons of Japan

Sōraku-en rhododendron garden
Sakura at Tsu Castle

Fashion in Japan

Main article: Japanese clothing
A woman wearing kimono

Holidays and festivals of Japan

Main articles: Holidays of Japan and Japanese festivals
Momijigari at Ryōan-ji in Kyoto

Homes in Japan

Main article: Housing in Japan
Byōbu, an eight-panel folding screen from the 19th century
Sōgetsu-ryū ikebana arrangement
Shōji

Language in Japan

Main article: Languages of Japan

People of Japan

Main articles: Japanese people and List of Japanese people

Ethnicity in Japan

Stereotypes in Japan

A geisha and a maiko dancing

Religion in Japan

Main article: Religion in Japan

Sports and gaming in Japan

Main article: Sports in Japan
Aikido, a modern Japanese martial art

Economy and infrastructure of Japan

Lexus LF-LC concept, a two-door coupé produced by Lexus
Tokyo Skytree, the tallest structure in Japan

Economy of Japan

Zaō Quasi-National Park
Shinkansen

Education in Japan

Main articles: Education in Japan and History of education in Japan
Japanese junior high school students in sailor outfit-style school uniforms

Structure of education in Japan

Health in Japan

Main article: Health in Japan

Science and technology of Japan

Main article: Science and technology in Japan
JAXA Kibo, the largest module for the International Space Station

See also

Japan
Index (Alphabetical indices)
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Navigation

Notes

  1. The Emperor has no executive authority, but is treated as a head of state under diplomatic protocol
  2. While the Yamato period (250–710 CE) is considered to include both the Kofun and Asuka periods, as it spans both an archaeological period (Kofun) and a historical period (Asuka), it is held by many to be an outdated period of division in Japan's history, and no longer applicable in discussions of period division.

References

  1. "Facts and Figures of Japan 2007 01: Land" (PDF). Foreign Press Center Japan. p. 1. Retrieved 2009-07-04.
  2. "Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications". United Nations Statistics Division. 2010-04-01. Retrieved 2010-07-16.
  3. "Japan". The World Factbook. United States Central Intelligence Agency. July 14, 2009. Retrieved July 23, 2009.

External links

Wikimedia Atlas of Japan

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