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{{Short description|National anthem of Montenegro}}
{{Refimprove|date=January 2017}}
{{Infobox anthem {{Infobox anthem
|title = Ој, свијетла мајска зоро | title = {{lang|cnr-Cyrl|italic=no|Ој, свијетла мајска зоро}}
|transcription = Oj, svijetla majska zoro | transcription = {{lang|cnr|italic=no|Oj, svijetla majska zoro}}
|english_title = Oh, Bright Dawn of May | english_title = 'O Bright Dawn of May'
|image = Coat of arms of Montenegro.svg | image =
|prefix = National | prefix = National
|country = {{MNE}} | country = Montenegro
|composer = Traditional, edited by Žarko Mirković | composer = Arranged by Žarko Mirković
| music_date = 19th century
|author = ], edited by ]
| lyrics_date = 19th century
|adopted = 2004 (Official)
|sound = National Anthem of Montenegro.ogg | author = Edited by ]
| adopted = 12 July 2004 (official)
|sound_title = Oj, svijetla majska zoro
| sound = National Anthem of Montenegro.ogg
}}
| sound_title = ] instrumental rendition in ]}}


'''"Oj, svijetla majska zoro"''' (]: „Ој, свијетла мајска зоро”, ''trans. "Oh, Bright Dawn of May"'') is the official national ] of ] adopted in 2004. Before becoming the anthem, it was a popular folk song, with many variations of its text. ], known as "Oh, Bright Dawn of Heroism, oh!", a popular Montenegrin folk song. "'''{{lang|cnr|italic=no|Oj, svijetla majska zoro}}'''" ({{lang-cnr-Cyrl|Ој, свијетла мајска зоро}}, {{IPA|cnr|ˈoj sʋjêːtʎa mâjska zǒro|IPA}}; {{lit|O Bright Dawn of May}}) is the ] of ] adopted in 2004. Before its adoption, it was a popular folk song with many variations of its text. The oldest version dates back to the second half of the 19th century.<ref> (2004).</ref><ref name="opanak"></ref>


==Lyrics== ==Lyrics==
Many verses are repeated in order to follow the rhythmic composition.
===Cyrillic lyrics===
{| class="wikitable"
{{lang|sr|Ој свијетла мајска зоро
!{{bigger|]}}<ref name="opanak" />

|- style="white-space:nowrap;"
Мајко наша Црна Горо
|

{|
Синови смо твог стијења
!]

!]
И чувари твог поштења
!]

|- style="vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;"
Волимо вас, брда тврда,
|<poem>{{lang|cnr-Latn|italic=no|𝄆 Oj svijetla majska zoro. 𝄇

𝄆 Majko naša Crna Goro. 𝄇
И стравичне ваше кланце
𝄆 Sinovi smo tvog stijenja 𝄇

𝄆 I čuvari tvog poštenja 𝄇
Који никад не познаше
Volimo vas, brda tvrda

Срамотнога ропства ланце.

Док ловћенској нашој мисли

Наша слога даје крила,

Биће горда, биће славна

Домовина наша мила.

Ријека ће наших вала,

Ускачући у два мора,

Глас носити океану,

Да је вјечна Црна Гора.}}

===Latin Lyrics===
Oj svijetla majska zoro,

Majko naša Crna Goro,

Sinovi smo tvog stijenja

I čuvari tvog poštenja.

Volimo vas, brda tvrda,

I stravične vaše klance I stravične vaše klance

Koji nikad ne poznaše Koji nikad ne poznaše

Sramotnoga ropstva lance. Sramotnoga ropstva lance.
𝄆 Majko naša Crna Goro! 𝄇


𝄆 Oj svijetla majska zoro. 𝄇
𝄆 Majko naša Crna Goro. 𝄇
Dok lovćenskoj našoj misli Dok lovćenskoj našoj misli

Naša sloga daje krila, Naša sloga daje krila,

Biće gorda, biće slavna Biće gorda, biće slavna

Domovina naša mila. Domovina naša mila.
Rijeka će naših vala

Uskačući u dva mora
Rijeka će naših vala,
𝄆 Glas nositi okeanu,

Da je vječna Crna Gora. 𝄇
Uskačući u dva mora,
Da je vječna Crna Gora!}}</poem>

|<poem>{{lang|cnr-Cyrl|𝄆 Ој свијетла мајска зоро. 𝄇
Glas nositi okeanu,
𝄆 Мајко наша Црна Горо. 𝄇

𝄆 Синови смо твог стијења 𝄇
Da je vječna Crna Gora!
𝄆 И чувари твог поштења 𝄇

===Translation===
Oh, bright dawn of May

Our mother ]

We are sons of your rocks

and keepers of your honesty<br>


We love you, the rocky hills

And your awesome gorges

That never came to know

The chains of shameful slavery.<br>


While our unity gives wings

to our ] cause

Proud shall be, celebrated will be

Our dear homeland.

A river of our waves,

Jumping into two seas,

Will bear voice to the ocean,

May eternal be our Montenegro!

== As sung ==
Although those are the official lyrics, a lot of verses are repeated in order to follow the rhythmic composition. To sing the anthem properly, one must follow the text like this:
{| class="wikitable"
!] - Cyrillic
!] - Latin
!]
|-
|''1.''

{{lang|sr|Ој свијетла мајска зоро

Ој свијетла мајска зоро

Мајко наша Црна Горо

Мајко наша Црна Горо

Синови смо твог стијења

Синови смо твог стијења

И чувари твог поштења

И чувари твог поштења

Волимо вас, брда тврда Волимо вас, брда тврда

И стравичне ваше кланце И стравичне ваше кланце

Који никад не познаше Који никад не познаше
Срамотнога ропства ланце,
𝄆 Мајко наша Црна Горо! 𝄇


𝄆 Ој свијетла мајска зоро. 𝄇
Срамотнога ропства ланце
𝄆 Мајко наша Црна Горо. 𝄇

Мајко наша Црна Горо

Мајко наша Црна Горо

''2.''

Ој свијетла мајска зоро

Ој свијетла мајска зоро

Мајко наша Црна Горо

Мајко наша Црна Горо

Док ловћенској нашој мисли Док ловћенској нашој мисли

Наша слога даје крила, Наша слога даје крила,

Биће горда, биће славна Биће горда, биће славна

Домовина наша мила. Домовина наша мила.

Ријека ће наших вала Ријека ће наших вала

Ускачући у два мора Ускачући у два мора
𝄆 Глас носити океану,
Да је вјечна Црна Гора. 𝄇
Да је вјечна Црна Гора!}}</poem>
|<poem>𝄆 𝄇
𝄆 𝄇
𝄆 𝄇
𝄆 𝄇
𝄆 𝄇


𝄆 𝄇
Глас носити океану
𝄆 𝄇
𝄆
𝄇
</poem>
|}
|}


;English translation
Да је вјечна Црна Гора!
:𝄆 O bright dawn of May blazes forth 𝄇
:𝄆 Our mother Montenegro 𝄇
:𝄆 We are the sons of your gravel 𝄇
:𝄆 And guardians of your candour 𝄇
:We love you, your craggy highlands
:And your magnificent gorges
:Which never came to experience
:The chains of shameful slavery
:𝄆 Our mother Montenegro 𝄇


:𝄆 O bright dawn of May blazes forth 𝄇
Глас носити океану
:𝄆 Our mother Montenegro 𝄇

:For the cause of our ]
Да је вјечна Црна Гора!
:Our unity gives us wings

:All proud and lauded shall we be
Да је вјечна Црна Гора!}}
:Our dear homeland beloved
|''1.''
:Estuary of our waves

:That surges into the two seas
Oj svijetla majska zoro
:𝄆 Shall bear voice into the ocean

:That Montenegro is ageless 𝄇
Oj svijetla majska zoro
:That Montenegro is ageless!

Majko naša Crna Goro

Majko naša Crna Goro

Sinovi smo tvog stijenja

Sinovi smo tvog stijenja

I čuvari tvog poštenja

I čuvari tvog poštenja

Volimo vas, brda tvrda,

I stravične vaše klance

Koji nikad ne poznaše

Sramotnoga ropstva lance

Majko naša Crna Goro

Majko naša Crna Goro

''2.''

Oj svijetla majska zoro

Oj svijetla majska zoro

Majko naša Crna Goro

Majko naša Crna Goro

Dok lovćenskoj našoj misli

Naša sloga daje krila

Biće gorda, biće slavna

Domovina naša mila

Rijeka će naših vala

Uskačući u dva mora

Glas nositi okeanu

Da je vječna Crna Gora!

Glas nositi okeanu

Da je vječna Crna Gora!

Da je vječna Crna Gora!
|''1.''

Oh, bright dawn of May

Oh, bright dawn of May

Our mother Montenegro

Our mother Montenegro

We are sons of your rocks

We are sons of your rocks

and keepers of your honesty

and keepers of your honesty

We love you, the rocky hills

And your awesome gorges

That never came to know

The chains of shameful slavery.

Our mother Montenegro

Our mother Montenegro

''2.''

Oh, bright dawn of May

Oh, bright dawn of May

Our mother Montenegro

Our mother Montenegro

While our unity gives wings

to our ] cause

Proud shall be, celebrated will be

Our dear homeland.

A river of our waves,

Jumping into two seas,

Will bear voice to the ocean,

May eternal be our Montenegro!

Will bear voice to the ocean,

May eternal be our Montenegro!

May eternal be our Montenegro!
|}


== History == == History ==
===Original version from the 19th century===
The following is the oldest known version of the anthem, known as "O Bright Dawn of Bravery, Oi!" ("{{lang|sr|italic=no|Oj, Junaštva Svjetla Zoro, oj!}}"). It was played in public for the first time in 1863 in the national theater in ]. It was a component song of the "Battle of Grahovo or ] in Montenegro" ({{lang|sr|Бој на Грахову или крвна освета у Црној Гори}}) heroic play in three parts.<ref>Repertoire of the National Theatre in Belgrade 1868-1965, Sava V. Cvetkovic, Belgrade, 1966</ref> The play and the Montenegrin folk song was also played/sung in the National Theater again in 1870 and 1876.<ref>Istorija srpskog pozorišta od srednjeg veka do modernog doba, Borivoje Stojković, 1979.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pobjeda.co.me/citanje.php?datum=2004-08-13&id=38333|title=Zadovoljni zbog neusvajanja himne :: Dnevni list Pobjeda|date=2011-07-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722172000/http://www.pobjeda.co.me/citanje.php?datum=2004-08-13&id=38333|archive-date=2011-07-22}}</ref>


===Original version===
The following is the oldest known version of the anthem, known as: "Oh, Bright Dawn of Heroism, oh!" ("''Oj, Junaštva Svjetla Zoro, oj!''"). It was played in public for the first time in 1863 in the national theater in ]. It was a component song of the "] or ] in Montenegro" (Бој на Грахову или крвна освета у Црној Гори) heroic play in three parts.<ref>Repertoire of the National Theatre in Belgrade 1868-1965, Sava V. Cvetkovic, Belgrade, 1966</ref> The play and the Montenegrin folk song was also played/sung in the National Theater again in 1870 and 1876.<ref>Istorija srpskog pozorišta od srednjeg veka do modernog doba, Borivoje Stojković, 1979.</ref> Its first record in Montenegro itself dates to 1887, when it was included into the regular school program of Montenegrin national songs for pupils in the 3rd grade.<ref>https://web.archive.org/web/20110722172000/http://www.pobjeda.co.me/citanje.php?datum=2004-08-13&id=38333</ref> It was reconfirmed in the teacher's plan for Montenegrin schools of 1888, which speculates that it must have been an established folk song for decades by then.{{cn|date=April 2017}}
{| class="wikitable" {| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |{{bigger|Serbo-Croatian}}
!] - Cyrillic
! rowspan="2" |{{bigger|English}}
!] - Latin
!]
|- |-
!Cyrillic
|Ој, јунаштва свјетла зоро,
!Latin

|- style="vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;"
|<poem>{{lang|sh|Ој, јунаштва свјетла зоро,
Мајко наша Црна Горо! Мајко наша Црна Горо!

На твојим се врлетима, На твојим се врлетима,

Разби сила душманима. Разби сила душманима.

Једина си за слободу, Једина си за слободу,

Ти остала српском роду. Ти остала српском роду.

Дат ће Бог и свјета мати Дат ће Бог и свјета мати
Да се једном све поврати!}}</poem>

|<poem>{{lang|sh|italic=no|Oj, junaštva svjetla zoro,
Да се једном све поврати!
|Oj, junaštva svjetla zoro,

Majko naša Crna Goro! Majko naša Crna Goro!

Na tvojim se vrletima, Na tvojim se vrletima,

Razbi sila dušmanima. Razbi sila dušmanima.
Jedina si za slobodu,

Ti ostala srpskom rodu.
Јedinа si zа slobodu,
Dat će Bog i svjeta mati

Da se jednom sve povrati!}}</poem>
Ti ostаlа srpskom rodu.
|<poem>O bright dawn of bravery,

Our mother ]!
Dаt će Bog i svјetа mаti
High on the mountains,

The ] has been crushed.
Dа se јednom sve povrаti!
Only you are still remaining,
|O, bright dawn of heroism,
For the ] to regain their freedom

Our mother Montenegro!

On your mountains,

Broke the force of the enemy.

Only you are still there,

For Serbian people to regain its freedom

God and Holy Mother's willing God and Holy Mother's willing
All shall be restored again!</poem>

Everything will be restored again!
|} |}


===World War II=== ===World War II collaborationist version===
In 1944, ], a Montenegrin ], rearranged the lyrics of the Montenegrin patriotic song "Oj, svijetla majska zoro" to celebrate the creation of the ] that had been established in July 1941.<ref name="Kenneth Morrison">{{cite book|author=Kenneth Morrison|title=Montenegro: A Modern History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xKMtAQAAIAAJ|year=2009|publisher=Bloomsbury Academic |isbn=9781845117108}}</ref>
{{unsourced|section|date=January 2017}}

Sekule Drljević, party strongman of a minor ] which was active in the ] in Montenegro known as the ], rewrote the text and published it in 1937 in the book of ] (a Croatian writer of Montenegrin origin) known as ''Crvena Hrvatska'' (''Red Croatia''), which confounded the thesis not of a ] ethnic origin of the Montenegrins, which was the dominant one back then, but rather from the ]. Its name was ''Eternal Ours...'' (''Vječna naša''). When Nikola Hercigonja wrote ''Oh, Bright Dawn of May'' shortly after World War II ended after 1945, he erroneously concluded that Drljević was the original wholesale author of this song, which led to its decline in popularity as a Montenegrin folk song for decades.
{| class="wikitable" {| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |{{bigger|Serbo-Croatian}}
!]
!] ! rowspan="2" |{{bigger|English}}
|- |-
!Latin
|''Vječna naša Crna Goro,''
!Cyrillic
|- style="vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;"
|<poem>{{lang|sh|italic=no|Vječna naša Crna Goro,
Tvoj Lovćen je car Jadrana,
Ka seljaka tvojih djela,
Kad su čija opjevana?
Volimo vas, brda tvrda,
I stravične vaše klance
Koji nikad ne poznaše
Sramotnoga ropstva lance.
Lovćen nam je oltar sveti,
Vazda smo mu vjerni bili,
U njega smo vjerovali
I njime se ponosili.
Otkada je Badnje veče
Našu vjeru očistilo,
Među nama, seljacima,
Nevjernika nije bilo.
Dok lovćenskoj našoj misli
Naša sloga daje krila,
Bit će gorda, bit će slavna
Domovina naša mila.
Slobode će čuvar biti
Naša brda, naše gore,
Dokle zemlju sunce grije
I dokle se ljudi bore.
Rijeka će naših vala,
Uskačući u dva mora,
Glas nositi oceanu,
Da je vječna Crna Gora.}}</poem>
|<poem>{{lang|sh|Вјечна наша Црна Горо,
Твој Ловћен је цар Јадрана,
Ка сељака твојих дјела,
Кад су чија опјевана?
Волимо вас, брда тврда,
И стравичне ваше кланце
Који никад не познаше
Срамотнога ропства ланце.
Ловћен нам је олтар свети,
Вазда смо му вјерни били,
У њега смо вјеровали
И њиме се поносили.
Откада је Бадње вече
Нашу вјеру очистило,
Међу нама, сељацима,
Невјерника није било.
Док ловћенској нашој мисли
Наша слога даје крила,
Бит ће горда, бит ће славна
Домовина наша мила.
Слободе ће чувар бити
Наша брда, наше горе,
Докле земљу сунце грије
И докле се људи боре.
Ријека ће наших вала,
Ускачући у два мора,
Глас носити оцеану,
Да је вјечна Црна Гора.}}</poem>
|<poem>Our eternal Montenegro,
Your Lovćen's the Adriatic ruler,
Like peasants of your stones,
When did they sing?
We love you, rocky hills,
And your gorges imposing
That never came to know
The shameful slavery chains.
Lovćen is our holy altar,
Forever we were faithful to him,
We have believed in him,
And we were proud of him.
Ever since Christmas Eve.
Our faith cleansed,
Among us peasants,
No infidel there was.
As long as our Lovćen's thought
Our concord gives strength,
It shall be proud, it shall be famous
Our dear homeland.
Freedom's keeper shall be
Our hills, our highlands,
So long as Earth's warmed by Sun
And so long as men are fighting.
Rivers of our waves shall,
Jumping into two seas
Bring the voice to the ocean
Eternal be our Montenegro.</poem>
|}


===World War II partisan version===
''Tvoj Lovćen je car Jadrana,''
]


{| class="wikitable"
''Ka seljaka tvojih djela,''
! colspan="2" |{{bigger|Serbo-Croatian}}
|-
!Latin
!Cyrillic
|- style="vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;"
|<poem>{{lang|cnr|italics=no|Oj svijetla majska zoro,
Majko naša Crna Goro.
Sinovi smo tvog stijenja,
I čuvari tvog poštenja.
Listaj goro, cvetaj cveće,
Crna Gora u boj kreće.
Robovati nikom neće,
Robovati nikom neće.
U boj kreće ovih dana,
Prva četa partizana
Suzama se boj ne bije,
Već se vrela krvca lije.
Zbijajmo se drug do druga,
Ova borba biće duga.
Zbijajmo se brat do brata,
Da skinemo jaram s’ vrata.
Dolje lanci i okovi,
Ne vežu se sokolovi.}}<ref></ref>
</poem>
|<poem>{{lang|cnr-cyrl|italics=no|Ој свијетла мајска зоро,
Мајко наша Црна Горо.
Синови смо твог стијења,
И чувари твог поштења.
Листај горо, цветај цвеће,
Црна Гора у бој креће.
Робовати ником неће,
Робовати ником неће.
У бој креће ових дана,
Прва чета партизана
Сузама се бој не бије,
Већ се врела крвца лије.
Збијајмо се друг до друга,
Ова борба биће дуга.
Збијајмо се брат до брата,
Да скинемо јарам с’ врата.
Доље ланци и окови,
Не вежу се соколови.}}</poem>
|}


=== Popular song ===
''Kad su čija opjevana?''
The song survived until today under various names as a popular Montenegrin folk song under the name "O Bright Dawn of May" ("{{lang|cnr|italic=no|Oj svijetla majska zoro}}"). This version of the song has been one of the several versions proposed in 1993 during the first discussion on the official state anthem, however, on which there was no consensus because of the disputed melodic value.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pcnen.com/detail.php?module=2&news_id=1113|title=Oj svijetla majska zoro|publisher=PCNEN}}</ref>


''Volimo vas, brda tvrda,''

''I stravične vaše klance''

''Koji nikad ne poznaše''

''Sramotnoga ropstva lance.''

''Lovćen nam je oltar sveti,''

''Vazda smo mu vjerni bili,''

''U njega smo vjerovali''

''I njime se ponosili.''

''Otkada je Badnje Veče''

''Našu vjeru očistilo,''

''Među nama, seljacima,''

''Nevjernika nije bilo.''

''Dok lovćenskoj našoj misli''

''Naša sloga daje krila,''

''Bit će gorda, bit će slavna''

''Domovina naša mila.''

''Slobode će čuvar biti''

''Naša brda, naše gore,''

''Dokle zemlju sunce grije''

''I dokle se ljudi bore.''

''Rijeka će naših vala,''

''Uskačući u dva mora,''

''Glas nositi oceanu,''

''Da je vječna Crna Gora.''
|''Eternal Our Montenegro,''

''Your Lovcen is the Emperor of the Adriatic,''

''Like the peasants of your rocks,''

''When were they sang?'''

''We love you, the rocky hills,''

''And your horrifying gorges''

''That never came to know''

''The shameful slavery chains.''

''Lovcen is our Saint Oltar,''

''Forever were we to him faithful,''

''In it we have believed''

''And with it we were proud.''

''Ever since Christmas Evening.''

''Our faith cleansed,''

''Among us peasants,''

''No infidel there was.''

''As long as our Lovcen's thought''

''Our concord gives strength,''

''It shall be proud, it shall be famous''

''Our dear homeland.''

''Freedom's keeper shall be''

''Our hills, our highlands,''

''As long as the earth receives warmth from the sun''

''And as long as men are fighting.''

''Rivers of our waves shall,''

''Jumping into two seas''

''Bring the voice to the ocean''

''Eternal be our Montenegro.''
|}

=== Popular Song ===
The song survived until today under various names as a popular Montenegrin folk song under the name "Oh, Bright Dawn of May" (''Oj svijetla majska zoro''). This version of the song has been one of the several versions proposed in 1993 during the first discussion on the official anthem, however, on which there was no consensus because of the disputed melodic value.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pcnen.com/detail.php?module=2&news_id=1113|title=Prve crnogorske elektronske novine|publisher=PCNEN|accessdate=29 January 2017}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" {| class="wikitable"
! colspan="2" |{{bigger|Serbo-Croatian}}
!]
! rowspan="2" |{{bigger|English}}
!]
!]
|- |-
!Cyrillic
|Ој свијетла мајска зоро,
!Latin

|- style="vertical-align:top; white-space:nowrap;"
|<poem>{{lang|cnr|Ој свијетла мајска зоро,
Мајко наша Црна Горо, Мајко наша Црна Горо,

Синови смо твог стијења Синови смо твог стијења

И чувари твог поштења. И чувари твог поштења.

Ловћен нам је олтар свети, Ловћен нам је олтар свети,

У њега смо сви заклети. У њега смо сви заклети.

На Ловћену Његош спава На Ловћену Његош спава

Најмудрија свјетска глава. Најмудрија свјетска глава.

Дурмиторе је л' ти жао Дурмиторе је л' ти жао

Што се Ловћен опјевао? Што се Ловћен опјевао?

-Не, нека га, нек' се пјева -Не, нека га, нек' се пјева
Заслуга је Његошева.}}</poem>
|<poem>{{lang|cnr|italic=no|Oj svijetla majska zoro,
Majko naša Crna Goro,
Sinovi smo tvog stijenja
I čuvari tvog poštenja
Lovćen nam je oltar sveti,
U njega smo svi zakleti.
Na Lovćenu Njegoš spava
Najmudrija svjetska glava.
Durmitore je l' ti žao
Što se Lovćen opjevao?
-Ne, neka ga, nek' se pjeva
Zasluga je Njegoševa.}}</poem>
|<poem>O bright dawn of May blazes forth,
Our mother Montenegro,
We are the sons of your gravel
And guardians of your candour
Lovćen is our holy altar,
We pay our respects to him
On Lovćen does Njegoš rest
the wisest of the World.
Durmitor, are you sorry
That Lovćen became famous?
-No, let it be, let it sing
Thankful for that is Njegoš.</poem>
|}


== Controversies ==
Заслуга је Његошева.
As the ], ] participated on several occasions public debates regarding the disputed parts of the national anthem, which was made official in 2004. On that occasion, the official text of the anthem also included two stanzas (third and fourth) sung by the Montenegrin fascist and war criminal Sekula Drljević.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Da li su stihovi crnogorske himne "Oj svijetla majska zoro" neonacistički i fašistički?|url=https://www.slobodnaevropa.org/a/823843.html|access-date=2021-06-12|website=Radio Slobodna Evropa|date=13 December 2007 |language=sh}}</ref> Controversy over the disputed parts of the anthem in the following years led to open divisions among the citizens of Montenegro,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Vujanović: Državna himna ne zbližava već odvaja ljude|url=https://www.vijesti.me/vijesti/politika/345701/vujanovic-drzavna-himna-ne-zblizava-vec-odvaja-ljude|access-date=2021-06-12|website=vijesti.me|language=cnr}}</ref> and Vujanović himself on various occasions publicly criticized the adoption of Drljevic's stanzas, from which he distanced himself, advocating changes to the official text of the anthem.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-06-26|title="Смењују" Вујановића {{!}} Регион {{!}} Novosti.rs|url=http://91.222.4.37/%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8/%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0.480.html:271745-%25D0%25A1%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D1%259A%25D1%2583%25D1%2598%25D1%2583-%25D0%2592%25D1%2583%25D1%2598%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B8%25D1%259B%25D0%25B0|access-date=2021-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190626145449/http://91.222.4.37/%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8/%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5%25D1%2582%25D0%25B0.480.html:271745-%25D0%25A1%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D1%259A%25D1%2583%25D1%2598%25D1%2583-%25D0%2592%25D1%2583%25D1%2598%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B8%25D1%259B%25D0%25B0|archive-date=2019-06-26}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=ЦГ: Повратак правим симболима|url=https://www.novosti.rs/%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8/%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0.480.html:346095-CG-Povratak-pravim-simbolima|access-date=2021-06-12|website=NOVOSTI|language=sr}}</ref> Vujanović repeatedly pointed out that the adoption of Drljevic's verses was not acceptable because their creator was a fascist or Nazi, and on the same occasion he warned of the danger of strengthening extreme ] and ].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Вујановић: Нападају ме црногорски националисти|url=https://www.politika.rs/scc/clanak/196722/%D0%92%D1%83%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%9B-%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%98%D1%83-%D0%BC%D0%B5-%D1%86%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8-%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8|access-date=2021-06-12|website=Politika Online}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Ima li crnogorskog nacionalizma u Crnoj Gori|url=https://www.slobodnaevropa.org/a/ima_li_crnogorskog_nacionalizma_u_crnoj_gori/24381665.html|access-date=2021-06-12|website=Radio Slobodna Evropa|date=4 November 2011 |language=sh |last1=Janković |first1=Srđan }}</ref>
|''Oj svijetla majska zoro,''


==See also==
''Majko naša Crna Goro,''
* ]

*"]"
''Sinovi smo tvog stijena''
*"]"

*"]"
''I čuvari tvog poštenja''

''Lovćen nam je oltar sveti,''

''U njega smo svi zakleti.''

''Na Lovćenu Njegoš spava''

''Najmudrija svjetska glava.''

''Durmitore je l' ti žao''

''Što se Lovćen opjevao?''

''-Ne, neka ga, nek' se pjeva''

''Zasluga je Njegoševa.''
|''Oh bright dawn of May,''

''Mother ours Montenegro,''

''Sons we are of your rocks''

''And keepers of your honesty''

''Lovcen is our Altar of Sainthood,''

''In him we're all sworn.''

''On Lovcen Njegos sleeps''

''The wisest World's head.''

''Durmitor are you sorry''

''That Lovćen became famous?''

''-No, let it be, let it sing''

''Thankful for that is Njegos.''
|}


==References== ==References==
Line 568: Line 360:
==External links== ==External links==
* A midi version of the anthem exists at the official websites of * A midi version of the anthem exists at the official websites of
** the ** the
** the ** the
* - A vocal version of the Anthem, featured in "Himnuszok" website. * - A vocal version of the Anthem, featured in "Himnuszok" website.
* * ()
* The section of the Italian language website "NewMontenegro.eu" features two alternative versions of the anthem. * The section of the Italian language website "NewMontenegro.eu" features two alternative versions of the anthem.
* - The sheet music and lyrics are featured in the "nationalanthems.info" site. * - The sheet music and lyrics are featured in the "nationalanthems.info" site.


{{Nationalanthemsofeurope}} {{Nationalanthemsofeurope}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Oj, Svijetla Majska Zoro}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Oj, Svijetla Majska Zoro}}
] ]
]
] ]
] ]
]

Latest revision as of 09:12, 27 November 2024

National anthem of Montenegro
Oj, svijetla majska zoro
English: 'O Bright Dawn of May'
Ој, свијетла мајска зоро
National anthem of Montenegro
LyricsEdited by Sekula Drljević, 19th century
MusicArranged by Žarko Mirković, 19th century
Adopted12 July 2004 (official)
Audio sample
U.S. Navy Band instrumental rendition in D minor

"Oj, svijetla majska zoro" (Montenegrin Cyrillic: Ој, свијетла мајска зоро, IPA: [ˈoj sʋjêːtʎa mâjska zǒro]; lit. 'O Bright Dawn of May') is the national anthem of Montenegro adopted in 2004. Before its adoption, it was a popular folk song with many variations of its text. The oldest version dates back to the second half of the 19th century.

Lyrics

Many verses are repeated in order to follow the rhythmic composition.

Montenegrin
Latin Cyrillic IPA

𝄆 Oj svijetla majska zoro. 𝄇
𝄆 Majko naša Crna Goro. 𝄇
𝄆 Sinovi smo tvog stijenja 𝄇
𝄆 I čuvari tvog poštenja 𝄇
Volimo vas, brda tvrda
I stravične vaše klance
Koji nikad ne poznaše
Sramotnoga ropstva lance.
𝄆 Majko naša Crna Goro! 𝄇

𝄆 Oj svijetla majska zoro. 𝄇
𝄆 Majko naša Crna Goro. 𝄇
Dok lovćenskoj našoj misli
Naša sloga daje krila,
Biće gorda, biće slavna
Domovina naša mila.
Rijeka će naših vala
Uskačući u dva mora
𝄆 Glas nositi okeanu,
Da je vječna Crna Gora. 𝄇
Da je vječna Crna Gora!

𝄆 Ој свијетла мајска зоро. 𝄇
𝄆 Мајко наша Црна Горо. 𝄇
𝄆 Синови смо твог стијења 𝄇
𝄆 И чувари твог поштења 𝄇
Волимо вас, брда тврда
И стравичне ваше кланце
Који никад не познаше
Срамотнога ропства ланце,
𝄆 Мајко наша Црна Горо! 𝄇

𝄆 Ој свијетла мајска зоро. 𝄇
𝄆 Мајко наша Црна Горо. 𝄇
Док ловћенској нашој мисли
Наша слога даје крила,
Биће горда, биће славна
Домовина наша мила.
Ријека ће наших вала
Ускачући у два мора
𝄆 Глас носити океану,
Да је вјечна Црна Гора. 𝄇
Да је вјечна Црна Гора!

𝄆 𝄇
𝄆 𝄇
𝄆 𝄇
𝄆 𝄇




𝄆 𝄇

𝄆 𝄇
𝄆 𝄇






𝄆
𝄇

English translation
𝄆 O bright dawn of May blazes forth 𝄇
𝄆 Our mother Montenegro 𝄇
𝄆 We are the sons of your gravel 𝄇
𝄆 And guardians of your candour 𝄇
We love you, your craggy highlands
And your magnificent gorges
Which never came to experience
The chains of shameful slavery
𝄆 Our mother Montenegro 𝄇
𝄆 O bright dawn of May blazes forth 𝄇
𝄆 Our mother Montenegro 𝄇
For the cause of our Lovćen
Our unity gives us wings
All proud and lauded shall we be
Our dear homeland beloved
Estuary of our waves
That surges into the two seas
𝄆 Shall bear voice into the ocean
That Montenegro is ageless 𝄇
That Montenegro is ageless!

History

Original version from the 19th century

The following is the oldest known version of the anthem, known as "O Bright Dawn of Bravery, Oi!" ("Oj, Junaštva Svjetla Zoro, oj!"). It was played in public for the first time in 1863 in the national theater in Belgrade. It was a component song of the "Battle of Grahovo or blood feud in Montenegro" (Бој на Грахову или крвна освета у Црној Гори) heroic play in three parts. The play and the Montenegrin folk song was also played/sung in the National Theater again in 1870 and 1876.

Serbo-Croatian English
Cyrillic Latin

Ој, јунаштва свјетла зоро,
Мајко наша Црна Горо!
На твојим се врлетима,
Разби сила душманима.
Једина си за слободу,
Ти остала српском роду.
Дат ће Бог и свјета мати
Да се једном све поврати!

Oj, junaštva svjetla zoro,
Majko naša Crna Goro!
Na tvojim se vrletima,
Razbi sila dušmanima.
Jedina si za slobodu,
Ti ostala srpskom rodu.
Dat će Bog i svjeta mati
Da se jednom sve povrati!

O bright dawn of bravery,
Our mother Montenegro!
High on the mountains,
The enemy's force has been crushed.
Only you are still remaining,
For the Serbs to regain their freedom
God and Holy Mother's willing
All shall be restored again!

World War II collaborationist version

In 1944, Sekula Drljević, a Montenegrin fascist collaborator, rearranged the lyrics of the Montenegrin patriotic song "Oj, svijetla majska zoro" to celebrate the creation of the Montenegrin puppet regime that had been established in July 1941.

Serbo-Croatian English
Latin Cyrillic

Vječna naša Crna Goro,
Tvoj Lovćen je car Jadrana,
Ka seljaka tvojih djela,
Kad su čija opjevana?
Volimo vas, brda tvrda,
I stravične vaše klance
Koji nikad ne poznaše
Sramotnoga ropstva lance.
Lovćen nam je oltar sveti,
Vazda smo mu vjerni bili,
U njega smo vjerovali
I njime se ponosili.
Otkada je Badnje veče
Našu vjeru očistilo,
Među nama, seljacima,
Nevjernika nije bilo.
Dok lovćenskoj našoj misli
Naša sloga daje krila,
Bit će gorda, bit će slavna
Domovina naša mila.
Slobode će čuvar biti
Naša brda, naše gore,
Dokle zemlju sunce grije
I dokle se ljudi bore.
Rijeka će naših vala,
Uskačući u dva mora,
Glas nositi oceanu,
Da je vječna Crna Gora.

Вјечна наша Црна Горо,
Твој Ловћен је цар Јадрана,
Ка сељака твојих дјела,
Кад су чија опјевана?
Волимо вас, брда тврда,
И стравичне ваше кланце
Који никад не познаше
Срамотнога ропства ланце.
Ловћен нам је олтар свети,
Вазда смо му вјерни били,
У њега смо вјеровали
И њиме се поносили.
Откада је Бадње вече
Нашу вјеру очистило,
Међу нама, сељацима,
Невјерника није било.
Док ловћенској нашој мисли
Наша слога даје крила,
Бит ће горда, бит ће славна
Домовина наша мила.
Слободе ће чувар бити
Наша брда, наше горе,
Докле земљу сунце грије
И докле се људи боре.
Ријека ће наших вала,
Ускачући у два мора,
Глас носити оцеану,
Да је вјечна Црна Гора.

Our eternal Montenegro,
Your Lovćen's the Adriatic ruler,
Like peasants of your stones,
When did they sing?
We love you, rocky hills,
And your gorges imposing
That never came to know
The shameful slavery chains.
Lovćen is our holy altar,
Forever we were faithful to him,
We have believed in him,
And we were proud of him.
Ever since Christmas Eve.
Our faith cleansed,
Among us peasants,
No infidel there was.
As long as our Lovćen's thought
Our concord gives strength,
It shall be proud, it shall be famous
Our dear homeland.
Freedom's keeper shall be
Our hills, our highlands,
So long as Earth's warmed by Sun
And so long as men are fighting.
Rivers of our waves shall,
Jumping into two seas
Bring the voice to the ocean
Eternal be our Montenegro.

World War II partisan version

Listaj goro, folk song from World War II.
Serbo-Croatian
Latin Cyrillic

Oj svijetla majska zoro,
Majko naša Crna Goro.
Sinovi smo tvog stijenja,
I čuvari tvog poštenja.
Listaj goro, cvetaj cveće,
Crna Gora u boj kreće.
Robovati nikom neće,
Robovati nikom neće.
U boj kreće ovih dana,
Prva četa partizana
Suzama se boj ne bije,
Već se vrela krvca lije.
Zbijajmo se drug do druga,
Ova borba biće duga.
Zbijajmo se brat do brata,
Da skinemo jaram s’ vrata.
Dolje lanci i okovi,
Ne vežu se sokolovi.

Ој свијетла мајска зоро,
Мајко наша Црна Горо.
Синови смо твог стијења,
И чувари твог поштења.
Листај горо, цветај цвеће,
Црна Гора у бој креће.
Робовати ником неће,
Робовати ником неће.
У бој креће ових дана,
Прва чета партизана
Сузама се бој не бије,
Већ се врела крвца лије.
Збијајмо се друг до друга,
Ова борба биће дуга.
Збијајмо се брат до брата,
Да скинемо јарам с’ врата.
Доље ланци и окови,
Не вежу се соколови.

Popular song

The song survived until today under various names as a popular Montenegrin folk song under the name "O Bright Dawn of May" ("Oj svijetla majska zoro"). This version of the song has been one of the several versions proposed in 1993 during the first discussion on the official state anthem, however, on which there was no consensus because of the disputed melodic value.

Serbo-Croatian English
Cyrillic Latin

Ој свијетла мајска зоро,
Мајко наша Црна Горо,
Синови смо твог стијења
И чувари твог поштења.
Ловћен нам је олтар свети,
У њега смо сви заклети.
На Ловћену Његош спава
Најмудрија свјетска глава.
Дурмиторе је л' ти жао
Што се Ловћен опјевао?
-Не, нека га, нек' се пјева
Заслуга је Његошева.

Oj svijetla majska zoro,
Majko naša Crna Goro,
Sinovi smo tvog stijenja
I čuvari tvog poštenja
Lovćen nam je oltar sveti,
U njega smo svi zakleti.
Na Lovćenu Njegoš spava
Najmudrija svjetska glava.
Durmitore je l' ti žao
Što se Lovćen opjevao?
-Ne, neka ga, nek' se pjeva
Zasluga je Njegoševa.

O bright dawn of May blazes forth,
Our mother Montenegro,
We are the sons of your gravel
And guardians of your candour
Lovćen is our holy altar,
We pay our respects to him
On Lovćen does Njegoš rest
the wisest of the World.
Durmitor, are you sorry
That Lovćen became famous?
-No, let it be, let it sing
Thankful for that is Njegoš.

Controversies

As the president of Montenegro, Filip Vujanović participated on several occasions public debates regarding the disputed parts of the national anthem, which was made official in 2004. On that occasion, the official text of the anthem also included two stanzas (third and fourth) sung by the Montenegrin fascist and war criminal Sekula Drljević. Controversy over the disputed parts of the anthem in the following years led to open divisions among the citizens of Montenegro, and Vujanović himself on various occasions publicly criticized the adoption of Drljevic's stanzas, from which he distanced himself, advocating changes to the official text of the anthem. Vujanović repeatedly pointed out that the adoption of Drljevic's verses was not acceptable because their creator was a fascist or Nazi, and on the same occasion he warned of the danger of strengthening extreme Montenegrin nationalism and chauvinism.

See also

References

  1. Закон о државним симболима и дану државности Црне Горе (2004).
  2. ^ Црногорска химна настала је у Србији, да би из ње био избачен стих у ком се помиње српски род
  3. Repertoire of the National Theatre in Belgrade 1868-1965, Sava V. Cvetkovic, Belgrade, 1966
  4. Istorija srpskog pozorišta od srednjeg veka do modernog doba, Borivoje Stojković, 1979.
  5. "Zadovoljni zbog neusvajanja himne :: Dnevni list Pobjeda". 2011-07-22. Archived from the original on 2011-07-22.
  6. Kenneth Morrison (2009). Montenegro: A Modern History. Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 9781845117108.
  7. Listaj goro, cvjetaj cvijeće
  8. "Oj svijetla majska zoro". PCNEN.
  9. "Da li su stihovi crnogorske himne "Oj svijetla majska zoro" neonacistički i fašistički?". Radio Slobodna Evropa (in Serbo-Croatian). 13 December 2007. Retrieved 2021-06-12.
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