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| === Overview === | |||
| ] is one of the ethnically most diverse states currently existing, incorporating ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ] and many other ethnic groups and subgroups. While many of these groups are urbanised and often mixing - particularly in larger cities - some are still functioning as (often rural) ]. | |||
| Many of these ethnic groups have their own ], ], ] and (sometimes) political ambitions. Some of these groups are also ]. | |||
| One of the major internal policy challenges during the centuries up until now for most or all Iranian governments has been to find the approriate and measured approach to the difficulties and opportunities caused by this diversity, particularly as this internal diversity has often been readily utilised by foreign powers. | |||
| === Current Policy === | |||
| The current governmnetal policy can be characterised by a mixture of celebrating and furthering cultural diversity under a joint Iranian national umbrella, while holding down (occasionally violently) political separatism. Some ethnic minorities have reported racial or religious discrimination. | |||
| Many Iranian provinces have ] and ] stations in local language or dialect. School education is in ], the Iranian official language, but use of regional languages is allowed under the ]. | |||
| Many members of ethnic minorities have made a successful political career. Most provincial governors, many members of the local ruling classes and clergy are members of the relevant ethnic groups. Many, if not most members of the national cultural and political elite have mixed roots. | |||
| Separatist tendencies, led e.g. by the ] or by the ] have lead particularly in Kurdistan to frequent unrest and occasional military crackdown. | |||
| Similar tendencies, but on smaller scale in e.g. ], ] and ] required occasionally suppression by police and other security measures. | |||
| === Historical Notes === | |||
| Traditionally Iran (then called ]) was governed over the last centuries in a fairly decentralised way with much regional and local autonomy. Particularly weaker members of the ] often did not rule much beyond the capital ], a fact exploited by the imperial powers ] and ] in the 19th century. | |||
| ] and to a lesser degree his son ], successfully strengthened the central government by using reforms, bribes and suppressions. Particularly the ], ], and until the late ], also some of the Turkish speaking Azeri regions required repeatedly military measures to keep under governmental control. | |||
| === Links === | |||
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Latest revision as of 17:18, 15 December 2024
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