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{{short description|Content provided by a website}}
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{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2024}}
] website is a distinct web page. The ] is visible in the browser's ] at the top.]]


A '''web page''' (or '''webpage''') is a document on ] that is accessed in a ].<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=Web page – definition of web page by The Free Dictionary |url=https://www.thefreedictionary.com/web+page |access-date=23 April 2021 |archive-date=23 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210423170632/https://www.thefreedictionary.com/web+page |url-status=live }}</ref> A ] typically consists of many web pages ] together under a common ]. The term "web page" is therefore a ] of paper pages bound together into a book.
A '''web page''' or '''webpage''' is a resource of information that is suitable for the ] and can be accessed through a ].
This information is usually in ] or ] format, and may provide ] to other web pages via ] ].


== Navigation ==
Web pages may be retrieved from a local computer or from a remote ]. The web server may restrict access only to a private network, ] a corporate ], or it may publish pages on the World Wide Web. Web pages are requested and served from web ] using ] (HTTP).
{{main|Web navigation}}
Each web page is identified by a distinct ] (URL). When the user inputs a URL into their ], the browser retrieves the necessary content from a ] and then ] it into an interactive visual representation on the user's screen.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://taligarsiel.com/Projects/howbrowserswork1.htm|title=Behind the scenes of modern web browsers|publisher=Tali Garsiel|access-date=2018-04-21|archive-date=2018-04-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180418175529/http://taligarsiel.com/Projects/howbrowserswork1.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>


If the user ] or ] a ], the browser repeats this process to load the new URL, which could be part of the current website or a different one. The browser has ], such as the ], that indicate which page is displayed.
Web pages may consist of files of static text stored within the ]'s file system (]), or the web server may construct the (X)HTML for each web page when it is requested by a browser (]s). ] can make web pages more responsive to user input once in the client browser.


==Elements==
==Color, typography, illustration and interaction==
] of ] from 2008]]


A web page is a ]. The core element is a ] written in the ] (HTML). This specifies the content of the page,<ref name="elems">{{Cite book|last=Flanagan|first=David|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/686709345|title=JavaScript: the definitive guide|date=18 April 2011|publisher=O'Reilly|isbn=978-1-4493-9385-4|location=Beijing; Farnham|page=1|language=English|oclc=686709345|quote=JavaScript is part of the triad of technologies that all Web developers must learn: HTML to specify the content of web pages, CSS to specify the presentation of web pages, and JavaScript to specify the behavior of web pages.}}</ref> including ]s and ].
Web pages usually include instructions as to the colors of text and backgrounds and very often also contain links to images and sometimes other media to be included in the final view.


] (CSS) specify the ] of the page.<ref name="elems"/> CSS rules can be in separate text files or embedded within the HTML file.
Layout, typographic and color-scheme information is provided by ] (CSS) instructions, which can either be embedded in the HTML or can be provided by a separate file, which is referenced from within the HTML. The latter case is especially relevant where one lengthy stylesheet is relevant to a whole ]: due to the way HTTP works, the browser will only download it once from the web server and use the ]d copy for the whole site.(notepad)


The vast majority<ref>{{cite web |title=Usage Statistics of JavaScript as Client-side Programming Language on Websites |url=https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/cp-javascript |access-date=2024-02-27 |website=W3Techs}}</ref> of pages have ] ]s, enabling a ] of behavior.<ref name="elems"/> The newer ] language can also be used as a ].<ref>{{cite web |title=The State of WebAssembly 2023 |url=https://blog.scottlogic.com/2023/10/18/the-state-of-webassembly-2023.html |publisher=Scott Logic |date=18 October 2023 |access-date=18 April 2024}}</ref>
Images are stored on the web server as separate files, but again HTTP allows for the fact that once a web page is downloaded to a browser, it is quite likely that related files such as images and stylesheets will be requested as it is processed. An HTTP 1.1 web server will maintain a connection with the browser until all related resources have been requested and provided. Browsers usually render images along with the text and other material on the displayed web page.


The most sophisticated web pages, known as ], combine these elements in a ].
===Dynamic behavior===
{{Main|dynamic web page}}


== Deployment ==
Client-side computer code such as ] or code implementing ] techniques can be provided either embedded in the HTML of a web page or, like CSS stylesheets, as separate, linked downloads specified in the HTML (using for example <code>.js</code> file extensions for JavaScript files). These scripts may run on the client computer, if the user allows them to, and can provide a degree of interactivity between the web page and the user after the page has downloaded.
From the perspective of ] website deployment, there are two types of web pages: ] and ]. Static pages are retrieved from the web server's ] without any modification,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://smallbusiness.chron.com/difference-between-dynamic-static-pages-69951.html|title=The Difference Between Dynamic & Static Web Pages|last=Melendez|first=Steven|date=2018-08-10|website=Chron|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190320233700/https://smallbusiness.chron.com/difference-between-dynamic-static-pages-69951.html|archive-date=2019-03-20|access-date=2019-03-20|quote=Static by definition means something that does not change. The first pages on the World Wide Web were largely static and unchanged, delivering the same information about a particular topic to anyone who visited. In some cases, sites may evolve slightly over time but are still largely static, meaning that they only change when manually changed by their creators, not on a regular and automated basis.|df=dmy-all}} </ref> while dynamic pages must be created by the server ], typically reading from a ] to fill out a ], before being sent to the user's browser.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/42199/dynamic-web-page|title=Definition of: dynamic Web page|website=]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170117040526/https://www.pcmag.com/encyclopedia/term/42199/dynamic-web-page|archive-date=2017-01-17|access-date=2019-03-20|quote=A Web page that provides custom content for the user based on the results of a search or some other request.|df=dmy-all}}</ref> An example of a dynamic page is a ].

== Browsers ==
A ] can have a ], like ], ], or ], or can be ], like ]. Web users with visual impairments may use a ] to read out the displayed text, or they may use a more specialized ] in the first place. Such users will want to enjoy the benefit of the web page without images and other visual media.

Users of fully graphical browsers may still disable the download and viewing of images and other media, to save time, network bandwidth or merely to simplify their browsing experience. Users may also prefer not to use the fonts, font sizes, styles and color schemes selected by the web page designer and may apply their own CSS styling to their viewed version of the page.

The ] (W3C) and ] (WAI) recommend that all web pages should be designed with all of these options in mind.

== Elements of a web page ==
A ''web page'', as an ], can contain numerous types of information, which is able to be seen, heard or interact by the ]: <!-- These elements include, but are not limited to: -->
:'''Perceived''' (rendered) information:
:*''Textual information'': with diverse render variations.
:*''Non-textual information'':
:** ''Static images'' on ], typically ], ] or ]; or ] as ] or ].
:** ''Animated images'' typically ] and ], but also may be ], ], or ].
:** ], typically ] or ] formats or ]s.
:**], WMV (Windows), RM (Real Media), FLV (Flash Video), MPG, MOV (Quicktime)
:* ''Interactive information'': more complex, glued to interface; see ].<!-- Interactivity -->
:** For "on page" interaction:
:*** ''Interactive text'': see ].
:*** ''Interactive illustrations'': ranging from "click to play" image to ], typically using ''script orchestration'', ], ]s, ], or ].
:*** ''Buttons'': forms providing alternative interface, typically for use with ''script orchestration'' and DHTML.
:** For "between pages" interaction:
:*** ''Hyperlinks'': standard "change page" reactivity.
:*** ''Forms'': providing more interaction with the server and server-side databases.
: '''Internal''' (hidden) information:
:* ''Comments'' <!-- like this, Comment Information Items -->
:* ''Metadata'' with ], Charset information, ] (DTD), etc.
:* ''Diagramation and style information'': information about rendered items (like image size attributes) and visual specifications, as ] (CSS).
:* ''Scripts'', usually ], complement interactivity and functionality.
:<small>Note: on server-side the web page may also have "Processing Instruction Information Items".</small>

The web page can also contain dynamically adapted information elements, dependent upon the rendering browser or end-user location (through the use of IP address tracking and/or "cookie" information).

From a more general/wide point of view, some information (grouped) elements, like a ], are uniform for all website pages, like a standard. These kind of "website standard information" are supplied by technologies like ]s.

== Rendering ==
Web pages will often require more screen space than is available for a particular ]. Most modern browsers will place ]s (the bar at the side of the screen that allows you to move down) in the window to allow the user to see all content. Scrolling horizontally is less prevalent than vertical scrolling, not only because those pages do not print properly, but because it inconveniences the user more so than vertical scrolling would (because lines are horizontal; scrolling back and forth for every line is much more inconvenient than scrolling after reading a whole screen; also most ]s have page up and down keys, and many ] have vertical scroll wheels, but the horizontal scrolling equivalents are rare). However, web pages may utilize page widening for various purposes.

A web page can either be a single HTML file, or made up of several HTML files represented using ]. Frames have been known to cause problems with navigation, printing, and search engine rankings <ref></ref>, although these problems occur mostly in older-generation browsers. Their primary usage is to allow certain content which is usually meant to be static, such as page navigation or page headers, to remain in one place while the main content can be scrolled as necessary. Another merit of using a framed web page is that only the content in the "main" frame will be reloaded.<ref></ref> Frames are rendered very differently, depending on the host browser and for this reason, the usage of frames is typically frowned upon in professional web page development communities<ref>http://www.agnr.umd.edu/intranet/webtips/frames.html</ref>. With design technologies such as CSS becoming more widespread in their usage, the effect frames provide can be made possible using a smaller amount of ] and by using only one web page to display the same amount of content.

When web pages are stored in a common ] of a ], they become a ]. A website will typically contain a group of web pages that are linked together, or have some other coherent method of navigation. The most important web page to have on a website is the ]. Depending on the web server settings, this index page can have many different names, but the most common are <code>index.htm</code> and <code>index.html</code>. When a browser visits the ] for a website, or any ] pointing to a directory rather than a specific file, the web server will serve the index page to the requesting browser. If no index page is defined in the configuration, or no such file exists on the server, either an error or directory listing will be served to the browser.

When creating a web page, it is important to ensure it conforms to the ] (W3C) standards for HTML, CSS, XML and other standards. The W3C standards are in place to ensure all browsers which conform to their standards can display identical content without any special consideration for proprietary rendering techniques. A properly coded web page is going to be accessible to many different browsers old and new alike, display resolutions, as well as those users with audio or visual impairments.

== URL ==
{{Main|Uniform Resource Locator}}

Typically, web pages today are becoming more dynamic. A ] is one that is created server-side when it is requested, and then served to the end-user. These types of web pages typically do not have a ], or a static URL, associated with them. Today, this can be seen in many popular forums, online shopping, and even on Misplaced Pages. This practice is intended to reduce the amount of static pages in lieu of storing the relevant web page information in a ]. Some ] may have a hard time indexing a web page that is dynamic, so static web pages can be provided in those instances.

== Viewing a web page ==
In order to graphically display a web page, a web browser is needed. This is a type of ] that can retrieve web pages from the ]. Most current web browsers include the ability to view the ]. Viewing a web page in a text editor will also display the source code, not the visual product.

== Creating a web page ==
To create a web page, a ] or a specialized ] <!-- they are listed ], ], ] or ] --> is needed. <!-- These (?? a text editor??) editors are also known as ] editors. WYSIWYG on ] --> In order to upload the created web page to a web server, traditionally an ] is needed.

The design of a web page is highly personal. A design can be made according to one's own preference, or a pre-made ] can be used. Web Templates let web page designers edit the content of a web page without having to worry about the overall aesthetics. Many people publish their own web pages using products like Geocities from Yahoo, Tripod, or Angelfire. These web publishing tools offer free page creation and hosting up to a certain size limit.

Other ways of making a web page is to download specialized software, like a ], ], or ]. These options allow for quick and easy creation of a web page which is typically ]. ], ], and ] are examples of the above three web page options.

== Saving a web page ==
While one is viewing a web page, a copy of it is saved locally; this is what is being viewed. Depending on the browser settings, this copy may be deleted at any time, or stored indefinitely, sometimes without the user realizing it. Most GUI browsers will contain all the options for saving a web page more permanently. These include, but are not limited to:
* Saving the rendered text without formatting or images - Hyperlinks are not identified, but displayed as plain text
* Saving the HTML file as it was served - Overall structure will be preserved, although some links may be broken
* Saving the HTML file and changing relative links to absolute ones - Hyperlinks will be preserved
* Saving the entire web page - All images will be saved, as well as links being changed to absolute
* Saving the HTML file including all images, stylesheets and scripts into a single MHTML file. This is supported by ], ], Mozilla Firefox and ]. Mozilla and Mozilla Firefox only support this if the MAF plugin has been installed. An MHTML file is based upon the ] standard.

Common web browsers, like ], ] and ], give the option to not only print the currently viewed web page to a printer, but optionally to "print" to a file which can be viewed or printed later. Some web pages are designed, for example by use of CSS, so that hyperlinks, menus and other navigation items, which will be useless on paper, are rendered into print with this in mind. Space-wasting menus and navigational blocks may be absent from the printed version; other hyperlinks may be shown with the link destinations made explicit, either within the body of the page or listed at the end.


== See also == == See also ==
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
* ] * ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
* ]
*


== References == == References ==
{{reflist}}
<references/>


{{Web interfaces}}
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Latest revision as of 15:23, 23 December 2024

Content provided by a website

Each article on the Misplaced Pages website is a distinct web page. The URL is visible in the browser's address bar at the top.

A web page (or webpage) is a document on the Web that is accessed in a web browser. A website typically consists of many web pages linked together under a common domain name. The term "web page" is therefore a metaphor of paper pages bound together into a book.

Navigation

Main article: Web navigation

Each web page is identified by a distinct Uniform Resource Locator (URL). When the user inputs a URL into their web browser, the browser retrieves the necessary content from a web server and then transforms it into an interactive visual representation on the user's screen.

If the user clicks or taps a link, the browser repeats this process to load the new URL, which could be part of the current website or a different one. The browser has features, such as the address bar, that indicate which page is displayed.

Elements

The home page of NASA from 2008

A web page is a structured document. The core element is a text file written in the HyperText Markup Language (HTML). This specifies the content of the page, including images and video.

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) specify the presentation of the page. CSS rules can be in separate text files or embedded within the HTML file.

The vast majority of pages have JavaScript programs, enabling a wide range of behavior. The newer WebAssembly language can also be used as a supplement.

The most sophisticated web pages, known as web apps, combine these elements in a complex manner.

Deployment

From the perspective of server-side website deployment, there are two types of web pages: static and dynamic. Static pages are retrieved from the web server's file system without any modification, while dynamic pages must be created by the server on the fly, typically reading from a database to fill out a template, before being sent to the user's browser. An example of a dynamic page is a search engine results page.

See also

References

  1. "Web page – definition of web page by The Free Dictionary". Archived from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
  2. "Behind the scenes of modern web browsers". Tali Garsiel. Archived from the original on 18 April 2018. Retrieved 21 April 2018.
  3. ^ Flanagan, David (18 April 2011). JavaScript: the definitive guide. Beijing; Farnham: O'Reilly. p. 1. ISBN 978-1-4493-9385-4. OCLC 686709345. JavaScript is part of the triad of technologies that all Web developers must learn: HTML to specify the content of web pages, CSS to specify the presentation of web pages, and JavaScript to specify the behavior of web pages.
  4. "Usage Statistics of JavaScript as Client-side Programming Language on Websites". W3Techs. Retrieved 27 February 2024.
  5. "The State of WebAssembly 2023". Scott Logic. 18 October 2023. Retrieved 18 April 2024.
  6. Melendez, Steven (10 August 2018). "The Difference Between Dynamic & Static Web Pages". Chron. Archived from the original on 20 March 2019. Retrieved 20 March 2019. Static by definition means something that does not change. The first pages on the World Wide Web were largely static and unchanged, delivering the same information about a particular topic to anyone who visited. In some cases, sites may evolve slightly over time but are still largely static, meaning that they only change when manually changed by their creators, not on a regular and automated basis.
  7. "Definition of: dynamic Web page". PC Magazine. Archived from the original on 17 January 2017. Retrieved 20 March 2019. A Web page that provides custom content for the user based on the results of a search or some other request.
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