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{{short description|Ancient Egyptian deity}}
{{hiero|Banebdjedet<ref>Hermann Ranke: Die ägyptische Persönennamen. Verlag von J. J. Augustin in Glückstadt, 1935. , p.89</ref>|<hiero>E10-nb-Dd-Dd-t:niwt</hiero>|align=right|era=egypt}}
{{Infobox deity
]
| type = Egyptian
⚫ '''Banebdjedet''' ('''Banebdjed''') was an ] ram god with a ] centre at ]. ] was the equivalent god in ]. His wife was the goddess ] ("Foremost of the Fishes") who was perhaps the original deity of Mendes.<ref name="pinch">''Handbook of Egyptian mythology'', Geraldine Pinch, p 114-115, Oxford University Press, 2004, ISBN 0-19-517024-5</ref> Their offspring was "]" and they formed the so-called "Mendesian Triad".<ref>"Mistress of the House, Mistress of Heaven: women in ancient Egypt", Anne K. Capel, Glenn Markoe, p 72, Cincinnati Art Museum, Brooklyn Museum, Hudson Hills, 1996, ISBN 1-55595-129-5</ref>
| image = File:Banebdjedet.svg
| caption = Banebdjedet wielding a ] and ]
| cult_center = ]
| hiero = <hiero>E10-nb-Dd-Dd-t:niwt</hiero>
| consort = ]
| offspring = ]
| image_upright = .8
}}{{Ancient Egyptian religion}}


The words for "ram" and "soul" sounded the same in Egyptian so ram deities were at times regarded as appearances of other gods.<ref name="pinch"/> '''Banebdjedet''' ('''Banebdjed''') is an ] ram god with a ] centre at ]. ] was the equivalent god in ].<ref name="pinch"/>


==Family==
⚫ Typically Banebdjedet was depicted with four rams' heads to represent the four ]'s of the sun god. He may also be linked to the first four gods to rule over Egypt (], ], ] and Ra-Atum), with large granite shrines to each in the Mendes sanctuary.<ref name="pinch"/>
⚫ His wife was the goddess ] ("Foremost of the Fishes"), who was perhaps the original deity of Mendes.<ref name="pinch">{{cite book|title=Handbook of Egyptian mythology|first=Geraldine| last=Pinch|pages=114–115|publisher=]| date=2004 |isbn=0-19-517024-5| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=N-mTqRTrimgC| via=]| url-access=limited}}</ref> Their offspring was "]" and they formed the so-called "Mendesian Triad".<ref>{{cite book|title=Mistress of the House, Mistress of Heaven: Women in Ancient Egypt |first1=Anne K. |last1=Capel |first2=Glenn |last2=Markoe |page=72| publisher=Hudson Hills Press| date= 1996 |isbn=9781555951290| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1pkH3QP390gC| via=]| url-access=limited}}</ref>


==Etymology==
⚫ The '']'' describes the "Ram of Mendes" as being the ''Ba'' of Osiris but this was not an exclusive association. A story dated to the ] describes him as being consulted by the "Divine Tribunal" to judge between Horus and ] but he proposes that ] do it instead as an act of diplomacy. As the dispute continues it is Banebdjedet who suggests that Seth be given the throne as he is the elder brother.<ref name="pinch"/>
The words for "ram" and "soul" sounded the same in Egyptian, so ram deities were at times regarded as appearances of other gods.<ref name="pinch"/>


==Image==
⚫ In a chapel in the ], a stela records how the god ] took the form of Banebdjedet, in view of his virility, in order to have union with the woman who would conceive ]. It was the sexual connotations associated with his cult that led early ] to demonise Banebdjedet.<ref name="pinch"/>
⚫ Typically, the horned god Banebdjedet was depicted with four rams' heads to represent the four ]s of the sun god. He may also be linked to the first four gods to rule over Egypt (], ], ] and Ra-Atum), with large granite shrines to each in the Mendes sanctuary.<ref name="pinch"/>


== Notes == ==Accounts==
⚫ The '']'' describes the "Ram of Mendes" as being the ''Ba'' of Osiris, but this was not an exclusive association. A story dated to the ] describes him as being consulted by the "Divine Tribunal" to judge between Horus and ], but he proposes that ] do it instead as an act of diplomacy. As the dispute continues, it is Banebdjedet who suggests that Seth be given the throne as he is the elder brother.<ref name="pinch"/>

⚫ In a chapel in the ], a ] records how the god ] took the form of Banebdjedet, in view of gaining his virility, in order to have union with the woman who would conceive ].{{Citation needed|date=December 2020}}

== Gallery ==
<gallery>
File:God with four ram heads facing in four directions, probably Khnum MET LC-26 7 889 EGDP023507.jpg|A statuette likely depicting Banebdjedet with four ram heads facing in four directions. Faience ceramic, ca 500-200 BC. ]
File:Banebdjed, depicted with four ram heads MET 26.7.894 view 2.jpg|An amulet depicting Banebdjedet as a ram with four heads, Late Period. ]
File:Mendeswidder.jpg|Banebdjedet as a four-headed ram, surmounted by ]
File:Tomb KV19 (Kairoinfo4u).jpg|Prince ] giving offerings to a mummiform-depicted Banebdjedet, ], ] (ca 1129–1111 BC)
File:Hypocephalus of Tasheritkhons (c. 305–30 BCE), British Museum, London - 20080821.jpg|Banebdjedet (center) on the ] of Tasheritkhons, Ptolemaic Period (ca 305–30 BC), ], ]
</gallery>

==Notes==
{{reflist}} {{reflist}}


== External links == == External links ==
{{commons category}} * {{Commons category-inline|Banebdjedet}}

{{Ancient Egyptian religion footer}}

{{Authority control}}


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Latest revision as of 21:13, 28 December 2024

Ancient Egyptian deity
Banebdjedet
Banebdjedet wielding a Was-sceptre and Ankh
Name in hieroglyphs
E10nbDdDdt
niwt
Major cult centerMendes
ConsortHatmehit
OffspringHorus the Child
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Banebdjedet (Banebdjed) is an ancient Egyptian ram god with a cult centre at Mendes. Khnum was the equivalent god in Upper Egypt.

Family

His wife was the goddess Hatmehit ("Foremost of the Fishes"), who was perhaps the original deity of Mendes. Their offspring was "Horus the Child" and they formed the so-called "Mendesian Triad".

Etymology

The words for "ram" and "soul" sounded the same in Egyptian, so ram deities were at times regarded as appearances of other gods.

Image

Typically, the horned god Banebdjedet was depicted with four rams' heads to represent the four Bas of the sun god. He may also be linked to the first four gods to rule over Egypt (Osiris, Geb, Shu and Ra-Atum), with large granite shrines to each in the Mendes sanctuary.

Accounts

The Book of the Heavenly Cow describes the "Ram of Mendes" as being the Ba of Osiris, but this was not an exclusive association. A story dated to the New Kingdom describes him as being consulted by the "Divine Tribunal" to judge between Horus and Seth, but he proposes that Neith do it instead as an act of diplomacy. As the dispute continues, it is Banebdjedet who suggests that Seth be given the throne as he is the elder brother.

In a chapel in the Ramesseum, a stela records how the god Ptah took the form of Banebdjedet, in view of gaining his virility, in order to have union with the woman who would conceive Rameses II.

Gallery

Notes

  1. ^ Pinch, Geraldine (2004). Handbook of Egyptian mythology. Oxford University Press. pp. 114–115. ISBN 0-19-517024-5 – via Google Books.
  2. Capel, Anne K.; Markoe, Glenn (1996). Mistress of the House, Mistress of Heaven: Women in Ancient Egypt. Hudson Hills Press. p. 72. ISBN 9781555951290 – via Google Books.

External links

Ancient Egyptian religion
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