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{{Infobox Christian leader
]
| type = Cardinal
⚫ '''Giuseppe Alessandro Furietti''' (] ] – ] ]) was a Roman Catholic ], an ] and ], and a collector of ] whose ambitious excavations at the site of ] at ] rewarded him with the ] and other ].
| honorific-prefix = ]
| name = Giuseppe Alessandro Furietti
| honorific-suffix =
| title =
| image = Marco Benefial, Ritratto del cardinal Furietti.jpg
| caption = ], Portrait of Furietti (], Bergamo)
| province =
| diocese = ]
| see =
| appointed =
| ended =
| predecessor =
| successor =
| other_post =
| ordination =
| ordained_by =
| consecration =
| consecrated_by =
| cardinal = 24 September 1759
| created_cardinal_by = ]
| coat_of_arms =
| rank = Cardinal-Priest of Santi Quirico e Giulitta
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1685|1|24}}
| birth_place = ], ]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1764|1|14|1685|1|24}}
| death_place = ], ]
| buried = ]
| nationality =
| religion = ]
| residence =
| parents = Giovanni Furietti<br/>Caterina Terzi
| occupation =
| previous_post =
| profession =
| alma_mater = ]
}}
⚫ '''Giuseppe Alessandro Furietti''' (24 January 1685 &ndash; 14 January 1764) was a Roman Catholic ], an ] and ], and a collector of ] whose ambitious excavations at the site of ] at ] rewarded him with the ] and other ].


==Biography== ==Biography==
Furietti was born at ],<ref></ref> the son of Giovanni Marco Sonzogni Furietti, noble, of a local branch of the Sonzogni.<ref></ref> He was educated at the Almo Collegio Borromeo, Pavia,<ref> {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070821225618/http://www.collegioborromeo.it/pages/storia.htm |date=2007-08-21 }}.</ref> then at the ], where he received his doctorate in canon and civil law (''utroque iure''). In spite of his distinguished service to the ],<ref>In 1743 Benedict appointed Furietti to his own former post, secretary to the sacra congregazione dell' concilio (Gaetano Moroni, ''Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica da S. Pietro sino ai nostri giorni'' 1844:75-77).</ref> and Furietti's dedication of a book on mosaics to him, the cardinal's hat was withheld by ] partly in pique for Furietti's refusal to part with the famous marble centaurs for the '']'',<ref>Moroni 1744; .</ref> which had opened in 1734. Furietti was eventually created cardinal priest, by ] in the consistory of 24 September 1759. Furietti was born at ],<ref></ref> the son of Giovanni Marco Sonzogni Furietti, noble, of a local branch of the Sonzogni.<ref></ref> He was educated at the Almo Collegio Borromeo, Pavia,<ref>{{cite web
|title = Almo Collegio Borromeo
|url = http://www.collegioborromeo.it/pages/storia.htm
|url-status = dead
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070821225618/http://www.collegioborromeo.it/pages/storia.htm
|archive-date = 21 August 2007
|website = www.collegioborromeo.it
}}</ref> then at the ], where he received his doctorate in canon and civil law (''utroque iure''). In spite of his distinguished service to the ],<ref>In 1743 Benedict appointed Furietti to his own former post, secretary to the sacra congregazione del Concilio (see {{harnvb|Moroni|1844|p=75}}).</ref> and Furietti's dedication of a book on mosaics to him, the cardinal's hat was withheld by ] partly in pique for Furietti's refusal to part with the famous marble centaurs for the '']'',<ref>{{harnvb|Moroni|1844|p=76}}; .</ref> which had opened in 1734. Furietti was eventually created cardinal priest, by ] in the consistory of 24 September 1759.


For a sum, Furietti obtained rights to excavate the section of Hadrian's Villa that belonged to Simplicio Bulgarini. As early as 1724, Conte ] had been buying up parcels of land in the extensive villa, which had become divided up among a multitude of owners,<ref>Francis Haskell and Nicholas Penny, ''Taste and the Antique: The Lure of Classical Sculpture 1500-1900'' (Yale University Press) 1981:</ref> forming the nucleus of one of the outstanding recently formed and non-papal collections of antiquities in Rome. After only a few days Furietti's crews found the famous statues of Centaurs signed by Aristeas and Papias, the "]", which quickly became two of the most celebrated sculptures in Rome, in part through the engravings of them made in 1739 and 1740 under Furietti's supervision. ] saw them displayed in Monsignor Furietti's apartments in the ] in 1739-40,<ref>Charles de Brosses, ''Lettres d'Italie'', noted in Haskell and Penny 1981:178</ref> and Francesco de' Ficoroni described them in Furietti's collection in 1744.<ref>Ficoroni, ''Le singolarità di Roma moderna'' 1744:64, noted by Haskell and Penny 1981:</ref> Furietti habitually employed ] as a restorer, hence some of the pieces that had passed through Cavaceppi's studio were illustrated from Furietti's former collection in Cavaceppi's self-promoting volume of plates, ''Raccolta d'antiche statue, busti, teste cognite ed altre sculpture antiche'', 1768. For a sum, Furietti obtained rights to excavate the section of Hadrian's Villa that belonged to Simplicio Bulgarini. As early as 1724, Conte ] had been buying up parcels of land in the extensive villa, which had become divided up among a multitude of owners,{{sfn|Haskell|Penny|1981|p=178}} forming the nucleus of one of the outstanding recently formed and non-papal collections of antiquities in Rome. After only a few days Furietti's crews found the famous statues of Centaurs signed by Aristeas and Papias, the "]", which quickly became two of the most celebrated sculptures in Rome, in part through the engravings of them made in 1739 and 1740 under Furietti's supervision. ] saw them displayed in Monsignor Furietti's apartments in the ] in 1739-40,<ref>Charles de Brosses, ''Lettres d'Italie'', noted in {{harnvb|Haskell|Penny|1981|p=178}}.</ref> and Francesco de' Ficoroni described them in Furietti's collection in 1744.<ref>Ficoroni, ''Le singolarità di Roma moderna'' 1744:64, noted by {{harnvb|Haskell|Penny|1981|p=178}}.</ref> Furietti habitually employed ] as a restorer, hence some of the pieces that had passed through Cavaceppi's studio were illustrated from Furietti's former collection in Cavaceppi's self-promoting volume of plates, ''Raccolta d'antiche statue, busti, teste cognite ed altre sculpture antiche'', 1768.


]).]] ]).]]
Among the ]s he found at Hadrian's Villa is ], found in 1737; Furietti was convinced that it was the very work executed by Sosius/Sosos at Pergamum, mentioned by ] ('']'' ). It was the first plate in his book on mosaics, ''De Musivis'' (Rome, 1752), with six engraved plates, four of them folding, which became a classic on the subject.<ref>; Moroni 1744.</ref> After Furietti's death, his heirs sold the two centaurs and the mosaic for 14,000 ''scudi'',<ref>Moroni 1744.</ref> for the Museo Clementino. Among the ]s he found at Hadrian's Villa is ], found in 1737; Furietti was convinced that it was the very work executed by Sosius/Sosos at Pergamum, mentioned by ] ('']'' ). It was the first plate in his book on mosaics, ''De Musivis'' (Rome, 1752), with six engraved plates, four of them folding, which became a classic on the subject.<ref>{{cite book|last=Furietti|first=Alessandro|title=De Musivis ad SS. Patrem Benedictum XIV Pontificem Maximum|publisher=G.M. Salvioni|year=1744|location=Rome|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_hm-gzz66hYC}}</ref> The work begins with a chapter on the ] of the ] word for mosaic (citing its use in inscriptions) and the origin and early history of mosaics. Furietti then devotes a chapter each to mosaics from the ], from the ], from the age of ] to the 10th century, and from then until his own time. After Furietti's death, his heirs sold the two centaurs and the mosaic for 14,000 ''scudi'', to the ].{{sfn|Moroni|1844|pp=76-7}}


Furietti was also a bibliophile. He edited and published the works of two of his compatriots, Gasparino and Guiniforti Barziza,<ref>''Gasparini Barzizii Bergomatis et Guiniforti filii Opera, quorum pleraque ex mss. nunc primum in lucem eruta recensuit, ac edidit Joseph Alexander Furiettus Bergomas'', (Rome: G.M. Salvioni) 1713, doubtless in collaboration with his uncle.</ref> and the poems of Publio Fontana, prefacing the volumes with brief ''vite''. His personal library he bequeathed to his native Bergamo, with the obligation that it be open to the citizens. It became the nucleus of the ];<ref>Named for a later scholar, ]</ref> there some of Furietti's correspondence is preserved.<ref> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928194137/http://www.bibliotecamai.org/cataloghi_inventari/manoscritti/cataloghi_speciali/carteggi/carteggi_furietti.html |date=2007-09-28 }}.</ref> Furietti was also a bibliophile. He edited and published the works of two of his compatriots, ] and Guiniforte Barzizza,<ref>''Gasparini Barzizii Bergomatis et Guiniforti filii Opera, quorum pleraque ex mss. nunc primum in lucem eruta recensuit, ac edidit Joseph Alexander Furiettus Bergomas'', (Rome: G.M. Salvioni) 1713, doubtless in collaboration with his uncle.</ref> and the poems of ], prefacing the volumes with brief ''vite''. His personal library he bequeathed to his native Bergamo, with the obligation that it be open to the citizens. It became the nucleus of the ];<ref>Named for a later scholar, ].</ref> there some of Furietti's correspondence is preserved.<ref>{{cite web
|title = Calendar of Furietti papers
|url = http://www.bibliotecamai.org/cataloghi_inventari/manoscritti/cataloghi_speciali/carteggi/carteggi_furietti.html
|url-status = dead
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070928194137/http://www.bibliotecamai.org/cataloghi_inventari/manoscritti/cataloghi_speciali/carteggi/carteggi_furietti.html
|archive-date = 28 September 2007
|website = www.bibliotecamai.org
}}</ref>


His tomb is in the Roman church of the ], ], also called Santa Maria della Pietà. His tomb is in the Roman church of the ], ], also called Santa Maria della Pietà.
Line 21: Line 73:


==Sources== ==Sources==
* {{cite book|first=Gaetano|last=Moroni|author-link=Gaetano Moroni|title=Dizionario di erudizione storico-ecclesiastica da S. Pietro sino ai nostri giorni|year=1844|pp=75-77|location=Venice|publisher=Tip. Emiliana|volume=28}}
*
* {{cite book|first1=Francis|last1=Haskell|author-link1=Francis Haskell|first2=Nicholas|last2=Penny|author-link2=Nicholas Penny|title=Taste and the Antique: The Lure of Classical Sculpture 1500-1900|publisher=]|year=1981|location=New Haven}}
⚫ * Sonzogni, Ivano: ''Una Biblioteca per i bergamaschi di gran talento, il cardinale Furietti e la fondazione della Civica'', in "Bergomum", Bollettino della Civica Biblioteca, n. 2, 1994, pp.&nbsp;5–46
* {{cite web|authorlink=Salvador Miranda (historian) |last=Miranda |first=Salvador |title= FURIETTI, Giuseppe Alessandro (1684-1764)|url=https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios1759.htm#Furietti|work=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church |accessdate=|publisher=]|oclc=53276621}}
* Sonzogni, Ivano: ''Il carteggio Alessandro Furietti - Pierantonio Serassi. Momenti dell'erudizione bergamasca a metà Settecento, in "Bergomum", n.2, 1996, pp.&nbsp;91–188.
⚫ * {{cite journal|last=Sonzogni|first=Ivano|title=Una Biblioteca per i bergamaschi di gran talento, il cardinale Furietti e la fondazione della Civica|journal="Bergomum", Bollettino della Civica Biblioteca|volume=2|year=1994|pp=5–46}}
* {{cite journal|last=Sonzogni|first=Ivano|title=Il carteggio Alessandro Furietti - Pierantonio Serassi|journal="Bergomum", Bollettino della Civica Biblioteca|volume=2|year=1996|pp=91–188}}

==External links==
{{Commons}}
* {{DBI|first=Guido Gregorio|last=Fagioli Vercellone|title=FURIETTI, Giuseppe Alessandro|volume=50|url=https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/giuseppe-alessandro-furietti_(Dizionario-Biografico)}}


{{Authority control}} {{Authority control}}
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Latest revision as of 10:30, 3 January 2025

His Eminence
Giuseppe Alessandro Furietti
Marco Benefial, Portrait of Furietti (Palazzo Moroni, Bergamo)
DioceseDiocese of Rome
Orders
Created cardinal24 September 1759
by Pope Clement XIII
RankCardinal-Priest of Santi Quirico e Giulitta
Personal details
Born(1685-01-24)January 24, 1685
Bergamo, Republic of Venice
Died14 January 1764(1764-01-14) (aged 78)
Rome, Papal States
BuriedSanti Bartolomeo ed Alessandro dei Bergamaschi
DenominationRoman Catholic
ParentsGiovanni Furietti
Caterina Terzi
Alma materUniversity of Pavia

Giuseppe Alessandro Furietti (24 January 1685 – 14 January 1764) was a Roman Catholic cardinal, an antiquarian and philologist, and a collector of antiquities whose ambitious excavations at the site of Hadrian's Villa at Tivoli rewarded him with the Furietti Centaurs and other Roman sculpture.

Biography

Furietti was born at Bergamo, the son of Giovanni Marco Sonzogni Furietti, noble, of a local branch of the Sonzogni. He was educated at the Almo Collegio Borromeo, Pavia, then at the University of Pavia, where he received his doctorate in canon and civil law (utroque iure). In spite of his distinguished service to the Apostolic Camera, and Furietti's dedication of a book on mosaics to him, the cardinal's hat was withheld by Pope Benedict XIV partly in pique for Furietti's refusal to part with the famous marble centaurs for the Museo Capitolino, which had opened in 1734. Furietti was eventually created cardinal priest, by Clement XIII in the consistory of 24 September 1759.

For a sum, Furietti obtained rights to excavate the section of Hadrian's Villa that belonged to Simplicio Bulgarini. As early as 1724, Conte Giuseppe Fede had been buying up parcels of land in the extensive villa, which had become divided up among a multitude of owners, forming the nucleus of one of the outstanding recently formed and non-papal collections of antiquities in Rome. After only a few days Furietti's crews found the famous statues of Centaurs signed by Aristeas and Papias, the "Furietti Centaurs", which quickly became two of the most celebrated sculptures in Rome, in part through the engravings of them made in 1739 and 1740 under Furietti's supervision. Charles de Brosses saw them displayed in Monsignor Furietti's apartments in the Palazzo Montecitorio in 1739-40, and Francesco de' Ficoroni described them in Furietti's collection in 1744. Furietti habitually employed Bartolomeo Cavaceppi as a restorer, hence some of the pieces that had passed through Cavaceppi's studio were illustrated from Furietti's former collection in Cavaceppi's self-promoting volume of plates, Raccolta d'antiche statue, busti, teste cognite ed altre sculpture antiche, 1768.

The "Dove Basin", attributed by Furietti to Sosius/Sosos (Capitoline Museums).

Among the mosaics he found at Hadrian's Villa is the celebrated one of four doves drinking, found in 1737; Furietti was convinced that it was the very work executed by Sosius/Sosos at Pergamum, mentioned by Pliny the Elder (Pliny's Natural History XXXVI,.25). It was the first plate in his book on mosaics, De Musivis (Rome, 1752), with six engraved plates, four of them folding, which became a classic on the subject. The work begins with a chapter on the etymology of the Latin word for mosaic (citing its use in inscriptions) and the origin and early history of mosaics. Furietti then devotes a chapter each to mosaics from the Roman Republic, from the Empire, from the age of Constantine to the 10th century, and from then until his own time. After Furietti's death, his heirs sold the two centaurs and the mosaic for 14,000 scudi, to the Museo Clementino.

Furietti was also a bibliophile. He edited and published the works of two of his compatriots, Gasparino and Guiniforte Barzizza, and the poems of Publio Fontana, prefacing the volumes with brief vite. His personal library he bequeathed to his native Bergamo, with the obligation that it be open to the citizens. It became the nucleus of the Biblioteca Civica Angelo Mai; there some of Furietti's correspondence is preserved.

His tomb is in the Roman church of the Bergamaschi, Santi Bartolomeo ed Alessandro dei Bergamaschi, also called Santa Maria della Pietà.

The early biography is G. Gallizioli, Memorie per servire alla storia della vita, degli studi e degli scritti del cardinale Giuseppe Alessandro Furietti, (Lucca) 1790.

Notes

  1. Antonio Furietti, the uncle of Giuseppe Alessandro
  2. Antonio Furietti.
  3. "Almo Collegio Borromeo". www.collegioborromeo.it. Archived from the original on 21 August 2007.
  4. In 1743 Benedict appointed Furietti to his own former post, secretary to the sacra congregazione del Concilio (see Moroni 1844, p. 75).
  5. Moroni 1844, p. 76; Miranda.
  6. Haskell & Penny 1981, p. 178.
  7. Charles de Brosses, Lettres d'Italie, noted in Haskell & Penny 1981, p. 178.
  8. Ficoroni, Le singolarità di Roma moderna 1744:64, noted by Haskell & Penny 1981, p. 178.
  9. Furietti, Alessandro (1744). De Musivis ad SS. Patrem Benedictum XIV Pontificem Maximum. Rome: G.M. Salvioni.
  10. Moroni 1844, pp. 76–7.
  11. Gasparini Barzizii Bergomatis et Guiniforti filii Opera, quorum pleraque ex mss. nunc primum in lucem eruta recensuit, ac edidit Joseph Alexander Furiettus Bergomas, (Rome: G.M. Salvioni) 1713, doubtless in collaboration with his uncle.
  12. Named for a later scholar, Angelo Mai.
  13. "Calendar of Furietti papers". www.bibliotecamai.org. Archived from the original on 28 September 2007.

Sources

External links

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